Sensitivity impacts owing to the variations in the type of zero-range pairing forces on the fission properties using the density functional theory

Using the Skyrme density functional theory,potential energy surfaces of^(240)Pu with constraints on the axial quadrupole and octupole deformations(q_(20)and q_(30))were calculated.The volume-like and surface-like pairing forces,as well as a combination of these two forces,were used for the Hartree–Fock–Bogoliubov approximation.Variations in the least-energy fission path,fission barrier,pairing energy,total kinetic energy,scission line,and mass distribution of the fission fragments based on the different forms of the pairing forces were analyzed and discussed.The fission dynamics were studied based on the timedependent generator coordinate method plus the Gaussian overlap approximation.The results demonstrated a sensitivity of the mass and charge distributions of the fission fragments on the form of the pairing force.Based on the investigation of the neutron-induced fission of^(239)Pu,among the volume,mixed,and surface pairing forces,the mixed pairing force presented a good reproduction of the experimental data.

Apatite Fission Track Thermochronology of Granite from the Xiazhuang Uranium Ore Field,South China:Implications for Exhumation History and Ore Preservation

Xiazhuang uranium ore field,located in the southern part of the Nanling Metallogenic Belt,is considered one of the largest granite-related U regions in South China.In this paper,we contribute new apatite fission track data and thermal history modeling to constrain the exhumation history and evaluate preservation potential of the Xiazhuang Uranium ore field.Nine Triassic outcrop granite samples collected from different locations of Xiazhuang Uranium ore field yield AFT ages ranging from 43 to 24 Ma with similar mean confined fission track lengths ranging from 11.8±2.0 to 12.9±1.9μm and Dpar values between 1.01 and 1.51μm.The robustness time-temperature reconstructions of samples from the hanging wall of Huangpi fault show that the Xiazhuang Uranium ore field experienced a time of monotonous and slow cooling starting from middle Paleocene to middle Miocene(~60-10 Ma),followed by relatively rapid exhumation in the late Miocene(~10-5 Ma)and nearly thermal stability in the Pliocene-Quaternary(~5-0 Ma).The amount of exhumation after U mineralization since the Middle Paleogene was estimated as~4.3±1.8 km according to the integrated thermal history model.Previous studies indicate that the ore-forming ages of U deposits in the Xiazhuang ore field are mainly before Middle Paleocene and the mineralization depths are more than 4.4±1.2 km.Therefore,the exhumation history since middle Paleocene plays important roles in the preservation of the Xiazhuang Uranium ore field.

Nanotechnology in Nuclear Reactors: Innovations in Fusion and Fission Power Generation

This article explores the transformative potential of nanotechnology and MMs(memory metals)in enhancing the design and operation of nuclear reactors,encompassing both fission and fusion technologies.Nanotechnology,with its ability to engineer materials at the atomic scale,offers significant improvements in reactor safety,efficiency,and longevity.In fission reactors,nanomaterials enhance fuel rod integrity,optimize thermal management,and improve in-core instrumentation.Fusion reactors benefit from nanostructured materials that bolster containment and heat dissipation,addressing critical challenges in sustaining fusion reactions.The integration of SMAs(shape memory alloys),or MMs,further amplifies these advancements.These materials,characterized by their ability to revert to a pre-defined shape under thermal conditions,provide self-healing capabilities,adaptive structural components,and enhanced magnetic confinement.The synergy between nanotechnology and MMs represents a paradigm shift in nuclear reactor technology,promising a future of cleaner,more efficient,and safer nuclear energy production.This innovative approach positions the nuclear industry to meet the growing global energy demand while addressing environmental and safety concerns.

Proposal of a Deuterium-Deuterium Fusion/PWR Fission Hybrid Reactor

This article proposes to associate a Deuterium-Deuterium (D-D) fusion reactor with a PWR (fission Pressurized Water Reactor) in a hybrid reactor. Even if the mechanical gain (Q factor) of the D-D fusion reactor is below the unity and consequently consumes more energy than it supplies, due to the high energy amplification factor of the PWR fission reactor, the global yield is widely superior to 1. As the energy supplied by the fusion reactor is relatively low and as the neutrons supplied are mainly issued from D-D fusions (at 2.45 MeV), the problems of heat flux and neutrons damage connected with materials, as with D-T fusion reactors are reduced. Of course, there is no need to produce Tritium with this D-D fusion reactor. This type of reactor is able to incinerate any mixture of natural Uranium, natural Thorium and depleted Uranium (waste issued from enrichment plants), with natural Thorium being the best choice. No enriched fuel is needed. So, this type of reactor could constitute a source of energy for several thousands of years because it is about 90 more efficient than a standard fission reactor, such as a PWR or a Candu one, by extracting almost completely the energy from the fertile materials U238 and Th232. For the fission part, PWR technology is mature. For the fusion part, it is based on a reasonable hypothesis done on present Stellarators projects. The working of this reactor is continuous, 24 hours a day. In this paper, it will be targeted a reactor able to provide net electric power of about 1400 MWe, as a big fission power plant.

Verification of neutron-induced fission product yields evaluated by a tensor decompsition model in transport-burnup simulations

Neutron-induced fission is an important research object in basic science.Moreover,its product yield data are an indispensable nuclear data basis in nuclear engineering and technology.The fission yield tensor decomposition(FYTD)model has been developed and used to evaluate the independent fission product yield.In general,fission yield data are verified by the direct comparison of experimental and evaluated data.However,such direct comparison cannot reflect the impact of the evaluated data on application scenarios,such as reactor transport-burnup simulation.Therefore,this study applies the evaluated fission yield data in transport-burnup simulation to verify their accuracy and possibility of application.Herein,the evaluated yield data of235U and239Pu are applied in the transport-burnup simulation of a pressurized water reactor(PWR)and sodium-cooled fast reactor(SFR)for verification.During the reactor operation stage,the errors in pin-cell reactivity caused by the evaluated fission yield do not exceed 500 and 200 pcm for the PWR and SFR,respectively.The errors in decay heat and135Xe and149Sm concentrations during the short-term shutdown of the PWR are all less than 1%;the errors in decay heat and activity of the spent fuel of the PWR and SFR during the temporary storage stage are all less than 2%.For the PWR,the errors in important nuclide concentrations in spent fuel,such as90Sr,137Cs,85Kr,and99Tc,are all less than 6%,and a larger error of 37%is observed on129I.For the SFR,the concentration errors of ten important nuclides in spent fuel are all less than 16%.A comparison of various aspects reveals that the transport-burnup simulation results using the FYTD model evaluation have little difference compared with the reference results using ENDF/B-Ⅷ.0 data.This proves that the evaluation of the FYTD model may have application value in reactor physical analysis.

Photobiomodulation provides neuroprotection through regulating mitochondrial fission imbalance in the subacute phase of spinal cord injury

Increasing evidence indicates that mitochonarial lission imbalance plays an important role in derayed neuronal cell death. Our previous study round that photo biomodulation improved the motor function of rats with spinal cord injury.However,the precise mechanism remains unclear.To investigate the effect of photo biomodulation on mitochondrial fission imbalance after spinal cord injury,in this study,we treated rat models of spinal co rd injury with 60-minute photo biomodulation(810 nm,150 mW) every day for 14 consecutive days.Transmission electron microscopy results confirmed the swollen and fragmented alte rations of mitochondrial morphology in neurons in acute(1 day) and subacute(7 and 14 days) phases.Photo biomodulation alleviated mitochondrial fission imbalance in spinal cord tissue in the subacute phase,reduced neuronal cell death,and improved rat posterior limb motor function in a time-dependent manner.These findings suggest that photobiomodulation targets neuronal mitochondria,alleviates mitochondrial fission imbalance-induced neuronal apoptosis,and thereby promotes the motor function recovery of rats with spinal cord injury.

Histone deacetylase inhibitor pracinostat suppresses colorectal cancer by inducing CDK5-Drp1 signaling-mediated peripheral mitofission

Divisions at the periphery and midzone of mitochondria are two fission signatures that determine the fate of mitochondria and cells.Pharmacological induction of excessively asymmetric mitofissionassociated cell death(MFAD)by switching the scission position from the mitochondrial midzone to the periphery represents a promising strategy for anticancer therapy.By screening a series of paninhibitors,we identified pracinostat,a pan-histone deacetylase(HDAC)inhibitor,as a novel MFAD inducer,that exhibited a significant anticancer effect on colorectal cancer(CRC)in vivo and in vitro.Pracinostat increased the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 5(CDK5)and induced its acetylation at residue lysine 33,accelerating the formation of complex CDK5/CDK5 regulatory subunit 1 and dynaminrelated protein 1(Drp1)-mediated mitochondrial peripheral fission.CRC cells with high level of CDK5(CDK5-high)displayed midzone mitochondrial division that was associated with oncogenic phenotype,but treatment with pracinostat led to a lethal increase in the already-elevated level of CDK5 in the CRC cells.Mechanistically,pracinostat switched the scission position from the mitochondrial midzone to the periphery by improving the binding of Drp1 from mitochondrial fission factor(MFF)to mitochondrial fission 1 protein(FIS1).Thus,our results revealed the anticancer mechanism of HDACi pracinostat in CRC via activating CDK5-Drp1 signaling to cause selective MFAD of those CDK5-high tumor cells,which implicates a new paradigm to develop potential therapeutic strategies for CRC treatment.

Exhumation and Preservation of the Jinchuan Ni-Cu-PGE Deposit under the East Longshou Mountain Thermal Evolution,Revealed by Apatite Fission Track Thermochronology

Uplift and exhumation are important factors affecting the preservation of deposits.The anatomy of uplift-cooling evolution and exhumation in the East Longshou Mountain is of significant research value in understanding changes in the Jinchuan Ni-Cu-PGE deposit since its formation.This study uses apatite fission track(AFT)thermochronology to reconstruct the thermal history of the East Longshou Mountain,including the Jinchuan mine,revealing the uplift and exhumation history of the East Longshou Mountain and elucidating the preservation status of the Jinchuan deposit.The AFT ages in the East Longshou Mountain are distributed from 62.3±3.0 Ma to 214.7±14 Ma,with significant differences in ages in distinct areas,the central and pooled ages being consistent within the margin of error.Inverse thermal history models reveal two rapid cooling events associated with exhumation from the Early Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous(200–100 Ma)and since the Miocene(15–0 Ma),the former attributable to the far-afield response to the closure of the PaleoTethys Ocean and plate assembly at the southern margin of Eurasia,the latter associated with the initial India-Eurasia plate collision.A slow cooling event from the Early Cretaceous to the Miocene(100–15 Ma)is thought to be related to the arid environment in northwest China since the Cretaceous.These cooling events have diverse responses and cooling rates in different blocks of the East Longshou Mountain:the southwest and centre of which are mainly cooled over 200–120 Ma and 120–0 Ma,with cooling rates of~0.25 and~0.33°C/Ma(~1.25 and~0.33°C/Ma in the centre);the Jinchuan mine primarily cooled over 160–100 Ma,100–15 Ma and 15–0 Ma,with cooling rates of~1.33,~0.25 and~2.00°C/Ma.These differentiated coolings imply that the uplift of the East Longshou Mountain before the Miocene(~15 Ma)was integral.Strong uplift then occurred in the vicinity of the mining area,which is a critical period for the uplift of the Jinchuan deposit to the surface,meaning that the Jinchuan deposit was exposed no earlier than the Miocene(~15 Ma).Based on mineralization depth information obtained by previous researchers,in conjunction with the calculation and simulation results of this study,it can be seen that the bulk of the Jinchuan intrusion may still be preserved at depth.

运动调控线粒体动力学变化的研究进展

背景:线粒体质量控制是一个复杂的过程,该过程涉及到线粒体生物发生、线粒体动力学变化、线粒体自噬三个方面,其中线粒体动力学变化是线粒体生物发生和线粒体自噬的中间环节,线粒体通过动力学变化改善自身质量控制,进而维持线粒体稳定状态。目的:探究运动影响线粒体动力学变化的分子机制,为运动改善线粒体网络稳态,进而促进功能健康提供理论依据。方法:利用文献资料法,以“运动,线粒体稳态,线粒体质量控制,线粒体动力学,线粒体融合,线粒体分裂”等为中文关键词检索中国知网(CNKI),百链云图书馆等中文数据库;以“Exercise,Mitochondrial homeostasis,Mitochondrial quality control,Mitochondrial dynamics,Mitochondrial fusion,Mitochondrial fission”等为英文关键词检索PubMed、Web of Science、EBCSO等英文数据库,对最终获取的文献进行筛选、阅读、归纳和总结。结果与结论:线粒体动力相关蛋白1/2(Drp1/2)负责线粒体分裂过程,线粒体融合蛋白1/2(Mfn1/2)以及视神经萎缩1(Opa1)分别介导线粒体外膜和内膜的融合。运动训练可以通过上调Mfn1/2和Opa1的蛋白表达,同时下调Drp1蛋白表达水平,促进线粒体融合过程,并抑制线粒体分裂来改善线粒体功能状态;一次急性运动影响线粒体动力学变化的研究结论存在争议;另外,运动介导线粒体动力学变化存在组织差异性。

Mdivi-1通过抑制少突胶质细胞凋亡信号通路发挥髓鞘保护作用

目的:研究线粒体分裂抑制剂1(Mdivi-1)在实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎(EAE)小鼠髓鞘保护中的作用,探讨Mdivi-1抑制髓鞘变性的机制。方法:小鼠经髓磷脂少突胶质细胞糖蛋白第35~55位肽段(MOG35-55)免疫后,随机分为DMSO模型组和Mdivi-1干预组。于免疫后第28天处死小鼠,行Luxol fast blue染色分析髓鞘丢失情况,免疫荧光染色和TUNEL染色小鼠脊髓组织和体外细胞实验分析Mdivi-1髓鞘保护机制。结果:与DMSO模型组比较,Mdivi-1处理明显减少EAE小鼠脊髓组织白质区髓鞘丢失,减少少突胶质细胞凋亡及线粒体凋亡相关蛋白cleaved caspase-3、caspase-9、cytochrome C和Bax的表达;体外MO3.13少突胶质细胞培养实验发现,Mdivi-1可以明显阻止星形孢菌素(staurosporine)处理诱导的线粒体膜电位去极化,减轻细胞损伤,增强细胞活力。结论:Mdivi-1可能通过抑制少突胶质细胞线粒体相关凋亡信号通路发挥髓鞘保护作用。

MOX燃料与包壳化学相互作用研究进展

简要介绍了MOX燃料芯块微观组织特点和主要裂变产物行为及其对化学相互作用层的影响,归纳总结了国内外对化学相互作用层微观结构的研究进展,分析了现有研究的不足和仍待解决的问题,以期对我国未来MOX燃料的研究和应用提供部分参考。

^(252)Cf自发裂变K X射线发射与动能-电荷关系

原子核裂变后多物理量间的关联测量是认识裂变过程直接有效的实验手段,然而由于初级裂变产物准确的电荷鉴别仍面临技术困难,电荷相关的多参数研究相对匮乏.为此,通过高分辨的低能高纯锗探测器和金硅面垒探测器开展了^(252)Cf自发裂变的裂变碎片K X射线和动能的符合测量.利用K X射线可以很好地鉴别电荷数Z=39—62的裂变碎片,电荷分辨ΔZ≈0.7,K X射线产额呈现强烈的电荷相关性.借助K X射线给出了碎片平均动能和平均总动能及其分布宽度随核电荷数的分布,轻碎片动能分布具有鲜明的奇偶效应,偶Z碎片的动能比奇Z碎片的高约0.48 MeV;平均总动能在Z=52—53处达到峰值,总动能分布宽度在Z=56附近呈现凹坑,这反映了形变壳结构对断点形状的显著影响.裂变碎片K X射线发射的信息及动能-电荷关系研究可为裂变独立产额测量和裂变理论模型的检验提供必要的参考数据.

钍基熔盐反应堆内化学研究进展和展望

熔盐反应堆是第四代核能系统中唯一使用液态燃料的反应堆,在钍基熔盐反应堆研制和运行中有许多直接与化学相关的关键问题,堪比“化学堆”。于是,因熔盐反应堆研发和运行的需要诞生了放射化学在裂变能利用中的一门新分支学科——熔盐反应堆化学。本实验室利用加速器驱动的中子源和γ能谱分析技术开展了钍基熔盐反应堆化学研究。本文介绍了钍铀转换中间核素~(233)Pa和裂变产物~(131)I及~(95)Nb在熔盐反应堆模拟燃料盐中分布和行为的研究进展。基于对美国橡树岭国家实验室(ORNL)的熔盐反应堆实验装置运行中的燃料盐、锕系元素和裂变产物等相关若干问题分析,提出了在钍基熔盐反应堆框架内熔盐反应堆内化学方面应该进一步开展的研究内容,包括钍基熔盐反应堆运行的化学检测和诊断、影响熔盐氧化还原电势的因素、熔盐氧化还原电势检测的新技术等。熔盐反应堆化学研究的进一步深入将拓展熔盐反应堆化学实践和理论,使钍基熔盐反应堆化学水平提升到新高度,为未来钍基熔盐反应堆高效安全运行提供科学技术方面的支撑和保障。

FLiNaK熔盐中CsF的定向凝固分离研究

熔盐反应堆采用氟化物熔盐作为冷却剂和燃料载体,运行后的燃料成分为铀、钍、裂变产物和载体盐,对裂变产物进行分离并回收有效组分复用,可以提高反应堆的运行经济性,并且使放射性废物最小化。定向凝固技术是利用多元混合物的相平衡特性和凝固过程元素迁移机制实现物质分离,具有工艺操作简单、无副产物产生等优点,有望用于燃料盐中裂变产物分离。在自制的冷棒式定向凝固实验装置上,研究了FLiNaK熔盐体系内典型裂变产物CsF在不同工艺条件下定向凝固后的含量分布。研究结果表明:通过控制冷却凝固速度,得到的凝固盐中Cs元素的含量在径向上呈现出梯度分布,由内向外依次递减,外侧凝固盐中Cs含量相较液相中最高降低约90%,表明燃料盐中裂变产物定向凝固分离具有一定的可行性。

去氢骆驼蓬碱诱发PC12细胞凋亡时对线粒体融合分裂的影响

目的探讨去氢骆驼蓬碱(HM)对PC12细胞线粒体功能损伤和线粒体融合分裂相关蛋白表达水平的影响。方法PC12细胞分为细胞对照组、HM组、线粒体分裂抑制剂Mdivi-1组、HM+Mdivi-1组、线粒体裂变激动剂WY14643组、HM+WY14643组,药物浓度均为1、10、25、50、100μmol·L^(-1),处理24 h,噻唑蓝(MTT)法检测细胞存活率,显微镜观察细胞形态;MitoTracker Red探针染色观察线粒体形态和纵横轴长度比值,JC-1染色检测线粒体膜电位,试剂盒检测ROS、ATP水平和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性,免疫荧光染色法和Western blotting检测胱天蛋白酶3(caspase-3)、促凋亡蛋白(Bax)、细胞色素C(cyt-c)和线粒体融合蛋白(Mfn2)、线粒体分裂蛋白(Drp-1)的表达水平;电穿孔法转染Drp1的干扰序列,筛选转染效果好的siRNA序列,协同药物干预,通过荧光法、MTT法、免疫印迹法检测相关指标。结果MTT结果显示,与细胞对照组比较,HM组、Mdivi-1组、HM+Mdivi-1组、WY14643组和HM+WY14643组存活率显著下降(P<0.01),EC 50分别为(11.48±2.32)、(12.35±1.67)、(14.88±2.07)、(39.14±3.25)、(20.09±1.97)μmol·L^(-1),依此后续实验选择20μmol·L^(-1)浓度的HM、Mdivi-1和HM+Mdivi-1作为构建PC12细胞模型的工作浓度;显微镜和MitoTracker Red探针染色观察发现,药物组细胞密度呈不同程度减少,树枝状突起减少变圆;线粒体形态趋向圆形,纵横轴长度比值分别为细胞对照组(3.33±0.72)、HM组(2.19±0.58)、Mdivi-1组(2.45±0.44)、HM+Mdivi-1组(1.43±0.62)。JC-1染色检测结果显示,与细胞对照组相比,HM组线粒体模电位显著下降(P<0.01);ROS显著升高(P<0.01)、ATP水平下降(P<0.01),LDH酶活性上升(P<0.01);免疫荧光染色法和Western blotting结果显示,与细胞对照组比较,HM组促凋亡蛋白Bax、细胞色素C、胱天蛋白酶3表达水平均显著上升(均P<0.01);与细胞对照组比较,HM组细胞线粒体分裂相关蛋白Drp1表达水平显著上升(P<0.01),而线粒体融合相关蛋白Mfn2的表达水平显著下降(P<0.01);特异性干扰Drp1并协同HM干预后,各干扰组较各单独药物干预组PC12细胞存活率下降,Drp1和Mfn2表达下调,均差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论HM可通过ROS累积降低PC12细胞膜电位及ATP,进而激活caspase-3凋亡途径促使细胞凋亡,线粒体融合分裂可能参与HM造成PC12细胞的损伤,启动细胞线粒体途径凋亡。

压水堆破口事故下裂变产物源项释放及衰变热分析

反应堆严重事故时堆芯发生熔化现象,导致部分放射性源项不再留存于燃料中,将会通过各种途径释入环境,对周围造成严重的放射性污染。为了研究不同模型下裂变产物在压力容器内外释放量及其衰变热分布,分析喷淋系统对控制源项释放及热量的影响。基于典型的百万千瓦级压水堆核电站模型,利用一体化安全分析程序MAAP建模,分析计算CORSOR-M、CORSOR-O和ORNL-BOOTH三种源项释放模型反应堆一回路热管段破口叠加高、低压安注失效的事故序列和后果。结果表明:裂变产物源项主要在压力容器内释放,释放量远多于压力容器外的释放量。CORSOR-O模型下压力容器最晚融穿,安全壳失效最早;ORNL-BOOTH中压力容器虽最先融穿,但安全壳失效远晚于其他两种模型。源项释放差异导致不同模型衰变热现象不同,主要热源皆为挥发性裂变产物。开启喷淋不仅可以使悬浮碘化物充分控制在安全壳内,还能有效带走源项产生的衰变热,降低安全壳压力,保证安全壳完整性。

中非乍得Bongor盆地北部斜坡下白垩统油气成藏期次

基于流体包裹体均一温度测试和磷灰石裂变径迹分析,对乍得Bongor盆地北部斜坡下白垩统油气成藏时间和期次开展研究。研究表明,下白垩统Kubla组和Prosopis组储集层样品中与油气共生的盐水流体包裹体均一温度总体上表现为高、低温两组峰值区间,低温峰值区间和高温峰值区间分别为75~105℃和115~135℃;Kubla组和Prosopis组样品均经历了5个构造演化阶段,即早白垩世发生快速沉降,晚白垩世晚期发生构造反转,古近纪发生小幅沉降,古近纪与新近纪之交抬升,中新世以来则处于沉降阶段;其中晚白垩世剥蚀厚度约1.8km,古近纪与新近纪之交剥蚀厚度约0.5 km,两期剥蚀叠加厚度约2.3 km。与油气包裹体共生的盐水包裹体的均一温度用以作为油气捕获温度,结合磷灰石裂变径迹热演化史模拟研究,结果表明Bongor盆地北部斜坡下白垩统Kubla组和Prosopis组具有一致的油气成藏时间和期次,均在距今80~95 Ma和65~80 Ma分别经历了两期油气充注。第1期充注对应于油气初始运移,为早白垩世快速沉积末期,第2期充注处于晚白垩世构造强烈反转阶段。

粤北长江铀矿田隆升剥露历史和矿床保存——来自磷灰石裂变径迹热年代学的启示

粤北长江铀矿田是中国南方最重要和最具代表性的花岗岩型铀矿田之一。前人关于长江铀矿田的研究工作主要涉及铀矿成因、成岩成矿时代和铀矿化机制等方面,关于控矿构造研究也集中在矿床形成过程方面(如导矿、运矿和储矿构造),对成矿后矿床的剥露历史和保存研究甚少。本文通过磷灰石裂变径迹测试,恢复了长江铀矿田热演化历史,结果显示晚白垩世末以来表现为单向隆升剥露降温过程,在约63~55 Ma和44~34 Ma存在两次快速隆升过程,约34~5 Ma冷却速率较慢,为构造平静期,5 Ma以来又发生了快速隆升。自75 Ma至今长江铀矿田的隆升剥蚀量为3 km左右。矿田内被NEE向棉花坑断裂和NWW向油洞断裂分割的书楼丘、棉花坑和长排三个矿区隆升剥蚀量差异非常微小,说明棉花坑断裂两侧和油洞断裂两侧在新生代时期没有明显的差异升降,也进一步佐证了棉花坑断裂和油洞断裂的活动性不大。结合控矿构造的发育特点、3.2~5.6 km的成矿深度以及相关的成矿温压条件,表明长江铀矿田深部资源保存良好,深部具有很大的找矿潜力。

转录因子MYB转录调控MTFR2通过DNA损伤修复促进胃癌细胞化疗耐药性

目的探究v-myb禽成髓细胞病病毒癌基因同源物(MYB)转录调控线粒体裂变调节因子2(MTFR2)对胃癌(GC)细胞顺铂(DDP)耐药性的影响及分子作用机制。方法TCGA数据库分析GC中差异mRNA并预测上游调控分子,qRT-PCR检测MTFR2和MYB的表达,双荧光素酶和染色质免疫共沉淀(ChIP)实验验证MTFR2和MYB的调控关系,细胞计数盒8(CCK-8)检测细胞活力并计算IC_(50)值,流式细胞术检测细胞周期和细胞凋亡,彗星实验检测DNA损伤,蛋白质免疫印迹法检测DNA损伤相关蛋白(γ-H2AX、ATM、p-ATM)的表达。结果MTFR2在GC组织和细胞中显著高表达,敲低MTFR2能够降低细胞增殖,阻滞S期,诱导细胞凋亡,促进DNA损伤和DDP敏感性。生信预测MTFR2存在上游转录因子MYB,MYB在GC组织和细胞中的表达显著上调,双荧光素酶和ChIP验证了MTFR2启动子区域与MYB的结合关系。回复实验发现进一步过表达MTFR2能够逆转敲低MYB对GC细胞增殖和DDP耐药性的抑制作用。结论MYB上调MTFR2的表达通过DNA损伤途径促进GC细胞增殖和DDP耐药,表明靶向MYB/MTFR2调控轴可能是克服GC DDP耐药性的潜在途径。

小分子泛素相关修饰物蛋白修饰对于发动蛋白相关蛋白1维持线粒体动力学平衡的影响

线粒体是细胞内能量代谢的中心,对于维持细胞稳态而言,其形态和功能的调控至关重要。小分子泛素相关修饰物蛋白(small ubiquitin-related modifier protein,SUMO)修饰和发动蛋白相关蛋白1(dynamin-related protein 1,DRP1)在细胞调控中扮演着重要角色,尤其与线粒体动力学密切相关。SUMO修饰是一种重要的蛋白质修饰形式,通过将靶蛋白与SUMO相连来调节这些蛋白质的功能。而DRP1是线粒体分裂蛋白,负责调节线粒体的形态和功能。近年来研究发现,SUMO修饰与DRP1之间存在复杂的相互作用网络,对于线粒体的分裂、融合、自噬等起着重要作用。在DRP1的可变结构域中,有8个赖氨酸残基可以在线粒体锚定蛋白连接酶(mitochondrial-anchored protein ligase,MAPL)的作用下完成SUMO修饰。并且不同亚型的SUMO蛋白对于DRP1功能的调节也不同。SUMO1修饰会使DRP1向线粒体富集,促进线粒体的分裂;SUMO2/3修饰会使DRP1向细胞质转移,减少线粒体的分裂。在实际的细胞程序中,不同亚型SUMO的修饰水平往往是由SUMO特异性蛋白酶(SUMO-specific proteases,SENPs)的类型决定。线粒体作为细胞中重要的能量供应细胞器,其动力学的异常往往会导致诸多疾病的发生,例如:心肌缺血再灌注性损伤、阿尔茨海默病、脑血栓、视网膜病变等。本文综述了SUMO修饰与DRP1之间相互作用对于线粒体动力学调控的研究进展,为进一步揭示细胞调控机制和发展相关疾病的治疗策略提供一定的参考。