Analysis of reflected signal of quad rotor UAV based on model fitting in mobile communication system

In view of the many scenes of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)detection,a third-party signal source is used to design a receiver to monitor the UAV.It is of great significance to understand the reflection of the signal illuminating the UAV.Taking the communication base station(BS)signal as the third-party signal source,and considering the complete transmission link,reflection changes and loss fading of the communication signal,this study conducts model fitting for irregular UAV targets,simplifying complex targets into a combination of simple targets.Furthermore,the influence of the dielectric constant of the target surface and the signal irradiation angle on the signal reflection is analyzed.The analysis shows that the simulation results of this model fitting method are consistent with the results of other literature,which provides theoretical support for the detection of low and slow small targets such as UAVs.

Objective Fitting Evaluation Model for Dressing Fit Based on Wrinkle Index of Dressing Image

An effective model(image to wrinkle, ITW) for garment fitting evaluation is presented. The proposed model is to improve the accuracy of garment fitting evaluation based on dressing image. The ITW model is an objective evaluation model of fitting based on the wrinkle index of dressing image. The ITW model consists of two main steps, the gray curve-fitting(GCF) threshold segmentation algorithm and Canny edge detection algorithm. In the ITW model, three types of wrinkle trends are defined. And the network dressing image is evaluated and simulated by three quantitative indexes: wrinkle number, wrinkle regularity and wrinkle unevenness. Finally, the fitness of three kinds of dress effects(tight, fit and loose) is quantified by objective fitting evaluation model.

Numerical Tidal Current Modeling Using Fine Boundary-Fitted Grids for Tidal Flats

Fine grids with small spacing in boundary-fitted coordinates are normally used to treat the computation of fluid dynamics for estuarine areas and tidal flats. However, the adoption of Cartesian components of velocity vectors in this kind of non-orthogonal coordinates will definitely result in a difficulty in solving implicitly the transformed momentum equations, and also complicate the wet-dry point judgement used for flood areas. To solve this problem, equations in terms of generalized contravariant velocity vectors in curvilinear coordinates are derived in the present study, by virtue of which, an Alternative-Direction-Implicit numerical scheme in non-orthogonal grids would then be easily obtained, and wet-dry point judgement would as well be largely simplified. A comparison is made between the explicit scheme and implicit scheme, showing that the present model is accurate and numerically stable for computations of fluid dynamics for estuarine areas and tidal flats.

Irregular surface seismic forward modeling by a body-fitted rotated–staggered-grid finite-difference method

Finite-difference(FD) methods are widely used in seismic forward modeling owing to their computational efficiency but are not readily applicable to irregular topographies. Thus, several FD methods based on the transformation to curvilinear coordinates using body-fitted grids have been proposed, e.g., stand staggered grid(SSG) with interpolation, nonstaggered grid, rotated staggered grid(RSG), and fully staggered. The FD based on the RSG is somewhat superior to others because it satisfies the spatial distribution of the wave equation without additional memory and computational requirements; furthermore, it is simpler to implement. We use the RSG FD method to transform the firstorder stress–velocity equation in the curvilinear coordinates system and introduce the highprecision adaptive, unilateral mimetic finite-difference(UMFD) method to process the freeboundary conditions of an irregular surface. The numerical results suggest that the precision of the solution is higher than that of the vacuum formalism. When the minimum wavelength is low, UMFD avoids the surface wave dispersion. We compare FD methods based on RSG, SEM, and nonstaggered grid and infer that all simulation results are consistent but the computational efficiency of the RSG FD method is higher than the rest.

Comprehensive two-dimensional river ice model based on boundary-fitted coordinate transformation method

River ice is a natural phenomenon in cold regions, influenced by meteorology, geomorphology, and hydraulic conditions. River ice processes involve complex interactions between hydrodynamic, mechanical, and thermal processes, and they are also influenced by weather and hydrologic conditions. Because natural rivers are serpentine, with bends, narrows, and straight reaches, the commonly-used one-dimensional river ice models and two-dimensional models based on the rectangular Cartesian coordinates are incapable of simulating the physical phenomena accurately. In order to accurately simulate the complicated river geometry and overcome the difficulties of numerical simulation resulting from both complex boundaries and differences between length and width scales, a two-dimensional river ice numerical model based on a boundary-fitted coordinate transformation method was developed. The presented model considers the influence of the frazil ice accumulation under ice cover and the shape of the leading edge of ice cover during the freezing process. The model is capable of determining the velocity field, the distribution of water temperature, the concentration distribution of frazil ice, the transport of floating ice, the progression, stability, and thawing of ice cover, and the transport, accumulation, and erosion of ice under ice cover. A MacCormack scheme was used to solve the equations numerically. The model was validated with field observations from the Hequ Reach of the Yellow River. Comparison of simulation results with field data indicates that the model is capable of simulating the river ice process with high accuracy.

Asymptomatic Distribution of Goodness-of-Fit Tests in Logistic Regression Model

The logistic regression model has been become commonly used to study the association between a binary response variable;it is widespread application rests on its easy application and interpretation. The subject of assessment of goodness-of-fit in logistic regression model has attracted the attention of many scientists and researchers. Goodness-of-fit tests are methods to determine the suitability of the fitted model. Many of methods proposed and discussed for assessing goodness-of fit in logistic regression model, however, the asymptotic distribution of goodness-of-fit statistics are less examine, it is need more investigated. This work, will focus on assessing the behavior of asymptotic distribution of goodness-of-fit tests, also make comparison between global goodness-of-fit tests, and evaluate it by simulation.

Modelling Three-Dimensional Winds on a NW Pacific Region of Mexico Using Boundary-Fitted Grids

In this study, the momentum equations describing an atmospheric flow over a NW Pacific region of Mexico are solved numerically. In order to capture the complex flow-topography interactions with detail, a combination of a numerical wind model in full 3D curvilinear coordinates, along with a high resolution boundary-fitted grid is used. Boundary conditions were obtained from ten years (2002-2012) of measured offshore wind data. Prevailing winds from April to September during that period of observations were selected for the simulations. For the cases analyzed, it was found that at the points of the study region (PSS, PSM, PM), wind speed increased about 10% to 20% of its offshore values, while inland they decreased about 86% to 96%. This spatial behavior agreed very well with the observed local winds. A coastal jet (CJ), 35 km long with speeds about 1.5 - 2 m/s, emanating from PSS was found for NNW winds. Modeled winds were also used to compute wind stresses, wind stress curl, and CUI fields. Wind stress values agreed very well to those reported in the literature. High values of wind stress curl, and CUI were found at the lee of the points (PSS, PSM, PM). Indirect estimations of sea surface currents were about 15 - 20 cm/s offshore and 5 - 10 cm/s at the coast.

Least squares fitting of coordinate parameters model

This paper starts with untime-diversification of the time-diversification deformation model and gives displacement distribution model of untime-diversification and simplifies further the study of deformation model. The paper discusses the problem of least squares fitting of coordinate parameters model—parameters of deformation model. During discussion, the basic means of cubic B splines and two steps of multidimensional disorder datum fitting are adopted which can make fitting function calculated mostly approximate coordinate parameters model and it can make calculation easier.

湖北襄阳地区土体剪切波波速与深度的相关性研究

为给出湖北襄阳地区典型粘性土、粉土、砂土及碎石土剪切波波速与深度之间的统计公式,基于收集到的102个实测钻孔波速资料,利用多种一元回归模型对襄阳地区常见土层剪切波波速与深度之间的关系进行拟合分析和相关性研究;同时,讨论土体状态对二者关系的影响;最后,利用实测钻孔数据验证统计公式的合理性和可靠性。研究结果表明:1)除人工填土外,襄阳地区其他常规土类剪切波波速与深度之间存在较强的相关性,且离散程度随深度的增加而增大;2)同一土类随密实度或塑性状态的增大,其平均剪切波波速也变大;3)考虑土体状态可以使回归模型的预测结果更加具体、更接近真实值,但对模型拟合优度的变化具有不确定性;4)区域性对土层剪切波波速与深度的统计关系有较大影响。本文研究的襄阳地区各土类剪切波波速回归模型较全国土类模型具有更好的预测精度和误差平稳性,可为南襄盆地及周边区域地震灾害风险普查、场地土动力学性质研究和地震动参数确定等提供参考。

基于2D人体图像特征学习的女西装合体性判别

为解决服装远程定制和网络购衣过程中服装合体性无法预先判断的问题,文章提出利用2D人体图像判断女西装合体性。首先采集了462名18~25周岁青年女性的2D图像及3D尺寸,建立人体数据集。并制作10件虚拟女西装,建立服装数据集。其次提取用于女西装合体性判别的服装特征、2D人体图像关键点距离特征和整体特征。基于感性工学原理,采用专家评价法获取女西装合体性评价标签。最后利用贝叶斯分类器建立女西装合体性判别模型。研究结果显示,将文章提出的特征应用于基于贝叶斯算法的女西装合体性判别模型判别准确率可达到84.8%,说明提出的服装合体性评价指标有效,可以用于基于2D图像的服装合体性预测。

芳纶编织物在高载荷下的使用寿命预测

针对预测芳纶绳带在降落伞上的使用寿命常采用半经验的方法,缺乏理论依据。通过研究高载荷下25-600型芳纶1414绳带蠕变行为和抗冲击性能,分别得到芳纶1414绳带载荷大小与蠕变断裂时间之间的拟合曲线和冲击强度与冲击次数之间的拟合曲线,用于预测其在高载荷下的使用寿命,并测定绳带试验前后的取向度和结晶度。结果表明:在蠕变过程中载荷大小与蠕变时间对数呈函数关系,其中单层和单圈两层绳带的拟合方程分别为ln t=33.65-0.33σ和ln t=32.45-0.31σ;冲击模型的斜率与截距均与蠕变模型呈2倍的关系,当样品承受相同载荷时,蠕变断裂时间对数与冲击次数之间的关系为ln t=An-B,即可用冲击次数预测绳带的蠕变断裂时间,反之亦然。芳纶1414绳带蠕变和冲击前后的取向度与结晶度表明,在相同载荷下,蠕变和冲击对绳带的损伤效果相同,这进一步证明25-600型芳纶1414绳带蠕变性能与冲击性能之间高度联系。

基于自适应AR模型巡航飞行参数预测研究

为更准确实现飞行参数趋势预测,提出一种基于自适应自回归(AR)模型的稳定巡航飞行参数预测方法。根据稳定巡航参数筛选条件,获取建模所需飞行参数。利用卡尔曼滤波原理估计AR模型参数,并与飞行参数构建系统方程,利用无迹卡尔曼滤波实时更新、修正AR模型参数估计值,将自适应AR模型的预测值与曲线拟合模型和灰色模型的预测值进行对比。以波音B777-300ER飞机的快速存取记录器数据样本进行仿真验证,结果表明:自适应AR模型在数据预测和收敛速率方面均更优,可有效降低预报模型随步数增加导致的精度误差,提高参数预测准确性。研究在飞机维修保障、状态监控与预测等方面具有重要作用。

寒区再生砖骨料混凝土路用性能多目标优化

以5~10 mm、10~20 mm再生砖骨料和水灰比为自变量因子,将抗压强度、耐磨性能和抗冻性能等路用性能作为目标,采用中心复合试验设计,确定混凝土中不同因素的影响程度。对试验结果进行回归拟合,提出因子与混凝土路用性能之间的拟合模型,并利用方差分析验证模型的可靠性和稳定性。利用响应面3D图对模型深入分析,确定因子对再生砖骨料混凝土三项寒区路用性能影响程度,从高到低依次是:水灰比、10~20 mm砖骨料和5~10 mm砖骨料。结合渴求函数优化寒区再生砖骨料混凝土的路用性能,以满足3种寒区路况的要求:最大限度强化抗压强度和抗冻性;最大限度提高耐磨性,同时保持优异的抗压强度和抗冻性;根据权重强化抗冻性。研究结果表明:提出的拟合模型可根据工程目标反向求出最佳配比,优化再生砖骨料混凝土的制备工艺,为实际工程应用提供参考。

认知诊断评价中的被试拟合研究

通常情况下,认知诊断需要通过认知诊断模型对被试进行诊断评价。认知诊断模型所生成诊断结果的有效性依赖于被试作答反应是否与所选用的模型拟合。因此,在对诊断结果进行评估的时候,需要通过被试拟合分析来对被试个体的作答反应与模型的拟合情况进行检验,以避免错误或无效的补救措施。本研究基于加权的得分残差,提出认知诊断评价中新的被试拟合指标R。模拟研究结果表明,R指标的一类错误率有较好的稳定性,对随机作答、疲劳、睡眠和创造性作答四种异常被试类型均有较高的统计检验力。并将R指标应用于分数减法实证数据,展示指标在实际测验中的使用过程。

高温后风积沙混凝土力学性能与微观结构试验研究

本文将0%、10%、30%、50%的风积沙等质量替代普通河砂制备成风积沙混凝土,对其在温度20、200、400、600、800℃作用下的外观形貌变化、质量损失情况、抗压强度、抗折强度进行了试验研究;通过折压比的方法分析了风积沙混凝土在不同温度和不同风积沙掺量下力学性能的演变;通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了不同温度作用下风积沙混凝土内部微观结构的演化过程,并对微观结构机理进行了分析。结果表明:适量风积沙的掺入可以增加水化产物,优化混凝土的孔隙结构,减小混凝土内部界面过渡区厚度,使混凝土内部结构更密实,力学性能得以提升,并能延缓高温作用后混凝土裂缝与孔隙的生成;然而,风积沙掺量过多则会起到相反的效果,使高温后混凝土力学性能下降。本研究可为风积沙混凝土的应用及高温后风积沙混凝土结构的评定提供依据。

智能手机GNSS数据质量分析与随机模型建立

为提高移动智能终端定位精度,利用小米8和华为Mate20手机采集多个卫星系统的观测数据并进行质量分析,通过不同卫星系统的伪距残差分别对信噪比模型参数进行估计,最后进行静态伪距单点定位实验。结果表明,手机端观测的BDS和GPS伪距精度接近,且高于GLONASS;相较于高度角,伪距残差与信噪比的相关性更强;在信噪比模型参数估计中,小米8拟合效果优于华为Mate20,BDS拟合效果差于其他卫星系统;参数拟合后的信噪比模型在水平和高程方向的定位精度分别为2.37 m和8.38 m,相较于高度角模型,定位精度提升约10%。

区块链赋能全民健身公共服务供给治理研究

运用文献资料法,探究区块链赋能全民健身公共服务供给治理的理论框架、变革向度及精准路径。研究认为:基于“服务金三角”理论模型构建全民健身公共服务供给治理框架,从服务需求重构、供给战略重构、供给系统重构、供给主体重构等方面诠释变革向度。并提出建构“链式”管理、“公有链”运作平台、需求精准管理和供给科学决策、创新赋能机制的供给实践框架,从供给需求、供给战略、供给系统、供给主体层面阐释区块链嵌入供给治理风险,为规避风险提出政府、企业、社会、个体应对路径。

高精度五轴龙门数控加工中心综合误差建模与辨识

针对五轴数控机床在加工过程产生的多类别融合误差影响着机床加工精度的问题,提出一种基于误差耦合的综合误差模型建立方法。从误差源的角度出发,分析影响机床加工精度的主要因素,探究不同误差对机床加工精度的影响。在此基础上建立了目标机床的拓扑结构和低序体阵列,从而完成了基于多体系统理论的理想状态和实际状态下的综合误差齐次坐标变换矩阵的推导,由此建立起目标机床的综合误差模型,并给出了综合误差模型正确性的验证。提出了一种先插值后拟合方法对五轴数控机床误差进行拟合。实验结果表明,该方法可有效地处理误差波动较大的数据,相较而言,拟合偏差降低了3.04%,提高了五轴数控机床综合误差模型精度。

基于van Genuchten模型土壤水分特征曲线的vanfit和MATLAB软件模拟研究

研究了土壤水分特征曲线对探讨土壤水分运动机理及溶质运移动力学机制具有重要科学意义。由于测定土壤水分特征曲线的长历时性和时间限制,在从相关参考文献中提取土壤水分特征曲线测定数据的基础上,建立土壤水分特征曲线的资料库,采用van Genuchten模型对土壤水分特征曲线进行描述,分别应用vanfit软件和MATLAB软件下的lsqcurvefit函数2种方法对土壤进行van Genuchten模型下的4个参数拟合分析。结果表明,2个程序拟合结果大体相近且优良,均方差较小,拟合曲线大致相同,且土壤质地不同,其土壤水分特征曲线差别较大。

水稻群体分蘖动态模型构建与应用

为定量分析水稻群体茎蘖数量动态变化过程及分蘖动态特征,该研究使用双Logistic模型分别描述分蘖发生与死亡过程,建立水稻群体分蘖动态模型;根据水稻分蘖过程的时序特征定义描述分蘖过程的特征指标,并推导出分蘖特征指标的计算式;基于不同基因型品种的种植方式、种植时期、种植密度下水稻分蘖动态数据集检验模型优度和适应性;并应用分蘖动态模型和指标探索分蘖动态对种植密度的响应规律。结果表明,所建模型对不同基因型水稻品种在不同种植方式、种植时期和种植密度下的分蘖动态数据拟合优度较好,标准均方根误差S_(RMSE)服从均值小于5%的Gamma分布,并且99%的S_(RMSE)小于10%。基于所建模型计算的分蘖特征指标(包括模型参数)对种植密度有很好的响应;留一法检验表明模型的预测性较好,观测值与模拟值的R^(2)=0.96。所建模型能够精确描述水稻茎蘖数量演变过程,具有很好的拟合优度、适应性和可解释性,可用于分析基因、环境、农艺措施对分蘖动态的影响,分蘖特征指标可望成为分析基因与环境互作的重要表型参数,对指导水稻精准栽培也有重要理论价值和实际意义。