Optimal Dimensional Synthesis of a Symmetrical Five-Bar Planar Upper-Extremity Neuromotor Device

Individuals with hemiplegia suffer from impaired arm movements that appear as a marked change in arm stiffness. A quantitative measure of arm stiffness would characterize rehabilitation therapy effectively, while little mechanism is designed to implement the function. A symmetrical five-bar linkage consisting of two revolute joints and three prismatic joints is presented. Inverse kinematics and forward kinematics are obtained first. Then inverse singularities and direct singularities of the mechanism are gained. The global stiffness index is defined based on the results of kinematics analysis. Finally, optimal dimensional synthesis of the mechanism in terms of maximum stiffness is conducted by genetic algorithms. The calculation results show that with the length of both the two linkage a=830 mm, the interacting angle of the two guides 2δ=4.48 radian, and the maximum range of displacement of the two carriers dmax=940 mm, the mechanism achieves highest rigidity and its workspace is singularity-free, which covers the human left and right arm range of motion. The proposed novel mechanism featuring high rigidity and a singularity-free workspace can provide rehabilitation training, also solve the problem of quantitative measure of arm stiffness.

Dynamics of five-bar COBOT using differential mechanism

COBOT is a new kind of collaborative robot , which can work with people in a shared space. In this paper a new kind of CVT using differential mechanism is introduced, which is major parts of five-bar COBOT and based the feature of nonhlonnmic constraint. The dynamic model of differential mechanism and five-bar architecture COBOT is founded. There are two kinds of coupled mode of two CVT:serial and parallel. In this paper, we present the dynamic model of serial and parallel COBOT take five-bar COBOT as research object. From the dynamic analysis foregoing, both serial and parallel COBOT model are have the feature of nonholonomic constraint. The ending track and moving state are controlled by the force of control motor and operator. The control motor can not control the movement and ending track of COBOT without the cooperation of operator.

Complete Real Solution of the Five-orientation Motion Generation Problem for a Spherical Four-bar Linkage

For a spherical four-bar linkage,the maximum number of the spherical RR dyad（R：revolute joint）of five-orientation motion generation can be at most 6.However,complete real solution of this problem has seldom been studied.In order to obtain six real RR dyads,based on Strum＇s theorem,the relationships between the design parameters are derived from a 6th-degree univariate polynomial equation that is deduced from the constraint equations of the spherical RR dyad by using Dixon resultant method.Moreover,the Grashof condition and the circuit defect condition are taken into account.Given the relationships between the design parameters and the aforementioned two conditions,two objective functions are constructed and optimized by the adaptive genetic algorithm（AGA）.Two examples with six real spherical RR dyads are obtained by optimization,and the results verify the feasibility of the proposed method.The paper provides a method to synthesize the complete real solution of the five-orientation motion generation,which is also applicable to the problem that deduces to a univariate polynomial equation and requires the generation of as many as real roots.

Dynamic simulation of Closed Five-bow-shaped-bar Linkage based on ADAMS

With the use of mechanical system dynamics simulation analysis software ADAMS,the virtual prototype model of Closed Five-bow-shaped-bar Linkage was established.The dynamic of the mechanism was analyzed,and providing the theoretical basis for selection of parameter of electric machine of driving joint and accurate control of dynamics.

Research on optimal drive joints configuration of a rolling robot of closed five-bow-shaped-bar linkage

The relationship between the stability and the configuration of the driving joint was studied as a measure to improve the stability of robot.The Lagrange dynamic equation of the robot was established.According to the principle of virtual work,the least squares solution of each joint torque was obtained.The relationship between the stability of the robot and the configuration of the driving joint is obtained by the sum of the norms of the joint torque.Finally,numerical simulations verify the correctness of the theory.

A New Design Method for Realizing Accurate Track of Hybrid-driven Five-bar Mechanism

The concept of virtual slider crank mechanism is proposed and decoupled to obtain parameters of controllable five bar mechanism without any principle error for any given trajectory. The model is simple and easy to solve. This method has no convergence,flexible workspace and singularity of the mechanism problem. Through this method,we don’ t need any curve to fit the trajectory point. Using MATLAB program to calculate,the computation time can be reduced to less than 3% of the original. Finally,an example is given to illustrate the method which is meanwhile compared with the traditional five bar design method.

平面并联机器人离线PID控制优化研究

为了使平面并联机器人在闭环控制系统中具有更稳定的控制性能。对此,这里构建了平面五杆并联机器人动力学模型及其控制系统模型,给出了控制系统的增益矢量p。对机器人系统模型进行离线PID控制优化,通过控制增益来设计控制系统中的增益矢量p,从而实现非线性单目标动态优化(NLMODOP)。在NLMODOP中加入动态约束,采用带约束处理机制的差分进化(DE)算法求解平面并联机器人的非线性规划问题,进而处理不稳定的动态优化。对机器人模型中的五个连杆进行仿真实验,并对有无DE算法控制的仿真结果进行了比较。结果表明:相比于无DE算法,采用DE算法下的机器人系统模型的连杆跟踪位移基本无跟踪误差。说明基于差分进化算法的平面并联机器人离线PID控制优化具有较好的控制精度和跟踪性能。

高炉扫描雷达驱动机构选型分析

摘针对高炉内部炉况的特殊情况,需要扫描雷达可以实现扫描任意轨迹的动作,通过选取五杆机构作为雷达驱动主体完成对应需求。根据现场实际工况的考虑,希望驱动机构尺寸紧凑,以工作空间作为选型依据进行研究。计算不同构型下驱动机构的工作空间,分析各构型工作空间中的有效面积部分,相同尺寸下有效面积最大作为构型最优的理论基础。最终对该驱动机构进行轨迹模拟分析,通过坐标转换得到扫描轨迹,结果表明该机构能驱动雷达实现的任意轨迹扫描需求。

飞机发动机硬式操纵系统非线性传动优化设计

采用特殊机构实现非线性传动在机械式飞行操纵系统中已有应用,通过对传动要求的近似拟合,可以完成对机构设计参数求解;但采用该方法设计机构不能精确满足传动约束要求,在机械式飞机发动机操纵系统中尚无应用。根据飞机发动机硬式操纵系统的工作特点,采用五杆式机构替代四连杆机构实现非线性传动;通过五杆式机构设计参数影响机制分析,将机构设计参数分类为优化决策变量和传动特性控制变量,并基于此建立了机构求解方法和优化设计方法,实现了对机构传动特性控制变量直接求解,保证了机构传动特性能够精确满足约束要求。引入最大传动比和机构磨损因数作为目标函数开展机构优化,能够提升系统性能和使用寿命。通过某型发动机操纵系统设计实例和地面试验验证表明,该方法合理可行,具有工程实用价值。

基于旋量理论的弓形五连杆机器人运动学建模

传统的D-H参数法采用建立局部坐标系的方式,在运动学建模过程中存在求解逆解时产生增根的问题。因此,本文通过旋量理论方法建立弓形五连杆的运动学数学模型,对比D-H参数法建立的末端执行器运动学模型,证明两种方法之间的等效性,并基于旋量理论建立起弓形五连杆机器人的速度模型。使用ADAMS软件对弓形五连杆机器人进行运动仿真,测量角速度曲线与MATLAB理论曲线对比,结果表明了旋量理论建模方法的正确性和有效性。

基于球杆仪的五轴数控机床误差快速检测方法

几何误差是五轴数控机床重要误差源,针对传统测量方法仪器昂贵、测量周期长问题,提出基于球杆仪的五轴数控机床几何误差快速检测方法。对于机床的平动轴误差,利用多体系统理论及齐次坐标变换法,建立平动轴空间误差模型,通过球杆仪在同一平面不同位置进行两次圆轨迹,辨识出4项平动轴关键线性误差;针对五轴机床的转台和摆动轴,设计基于球杆仪的多条空间测试轨迹,完整求解出旋转轴12项几何误差。实验结果显示,所提方法获得转角定位误差与激光干涉仪法最大误差为0.001 8°,利用检测结果进行机床空间误差补偿,测试轨迹偏差由16μm降至4μm,为补偿前的25%,验证了方法的有效性。提出的五轴机床几何误差检测方法方便、便捷,适用于工业现场。

油菜移栽机五杆栽植机构运动仿真分析

针对油菜移栽机栽植机构参数设计不合理导致的钵苗直立度低、鸭嘴出入穴口大、作业稳定性差等问题,提出了一种五杆栽植机构运动仿真分析方法。首先,运用Solidworks三维建模软件建立虚拟模型;其次,对模型进行简化和格式转换后导入运动学分析软件ADAMS中,添加相关约束与驱动进行仿真分析;最后,通过代入多组杆长数据,得到杆长参数:AB=130 mm、BC=76 mm、AD=50 mm、DG=140 mm、BE=76 mm、EF=255 mm、CG=121.66 mm、CH=275 mm、FH=78 mm、FP=363 mm、α1=25°、α2=99.3°,在该参数条件下机构应用效果最佳,并分别得出了鸭嘴栽植端点的轨迹、位移、速度、加速度曲线。曲线分析结果表明:在鸭嘴达到最低点时,水平方向的速度为0.07 m/s,鸭嘴端点P出入土壤的最大横向距离约4 mm,能较好地保证出入土位置一致,满足栽植要求。

液动缓冲锁罐摇台动态特性分析

利用ADAMS软件建立煤矿用液动缓冲锁罐摇台虚拟样机,然后进行动力学仿真分析,得出在不同工况作用下整机关键零部件的动态特性曲线,分析优化五连杆结构对整机受力的影响,进一步研究承受复合载荷的锁罐摇台整机稳定性,从而提供了一种更加贴合实际工况的理论分析方法。

双转台五轴机床旋转轴位置无关几何误差的辨识

旋转轴的位置无关几何误差(PIGEs)是影响五轴机床加工精度的重要因素。以AC双转台五轴机床为研究对象,提出一种基于差分演化算法的旋转轴PIGEs辨识方法。首先,建立机床旋转轴PIGEs和球杆仪杆长变化的关系模型,使用已有的辨识方法获得机床旋转轴PIGEs初始解,然后定义优化目标函数,通过差分演化算法整体优化求解旋转轴PIGEs,提高旋转轴PIGEs辨识准确性。实验与仿真的结果表明提出的旋转轴PIGEs辨识方法可有效提高辨识准确性。

拟合齿轮五杆水稻钵苗移栽机构的机理分析与试验

钵苗移栽具有提高产量,增大精品粮种植面积等优点,该文作者基于双曲柄五杆水稻钵苗移栽机的结构形式,针对重要传动部件进行改进,开发了基于B样条拟合曲线的轻简化水稻钵苗移栽机构——拟合齿轮五杆水稻钵苗移栽机构。对该机构进行拟合齿轮节曲线传动分析,建立移栽机构运动学模型,运用matrix laboratory(MATLAB)中GUI平台开发出了水稻钵苗移栽机构辅助分析与参数优化软件,通过软件优化得出一组能够满足钵苗移栽要求的结构参数。建立三维模型,并通过automatic dynamic analysis of mechanical systems(ADAMS)进行虚拟样机仿真,初步验证机构的合理性。加工移栽机构核心部件,装配并在试验台架上进行试验研究。通过对移栽机构的试验台架试验,验证了移栽机构参数的合理性和有效性。以秧夹开口开度、秧夹夹持力、取秧频率为因素,以伤秧率和漏秧率为评价指标,选取二次回归正交旋转组合试验的方案,运用Design-Expert 7.0软件进行分析,得到的分析结果进一步验证了拟合齿轮五杆移栽机构的合理性。

五连杆足式机器人腿部机构多目标优化算法

为了减小腿部转动惯量,提高承载能力,提出了一种电驱式2自由度平面五杆机构的腿部结构。然而杆件尺寸会对机器人性能产生影响,为了得到最优五杆尺寸参数,对腿部运动学和动力学进行分析,建立关节电机峰值力矩、峰值角速度、单个步态周期内总能耗与五杆尺寸参数间的函数关系,构建面向机器人五杆尺寸参数设计的多目标优化模型,采用层次分析法确定各目标决策属性权重,将多目标优化问题转换为单目标优化问题,利用遗传算法得到机器人总体性能最优解。在ADAMS中建立优化前后的机器人腿部模型,进行行走仿真试验,并与理论计算结果进行对比,再根据优化结果进行电机选型,使机器人自重减少7.8%,有利于负载能力和续航能力的提高,从而验证了本文所提算法的正确性和有效性。

平面闭链五杆机构柔性工作空间的研究

工作空间的研究是平面闭链机器人的基本问题之一。应用隐函数定理，推导出平面闭链五杆机构柔性工作空间边界的条件，即输出杆与相连的连架杆重合或拉直，以及另一连架杆与相连的连杆重合或拉直。然后利用两个开链二杆的工作空间的交集和四杆机构连架杆的转动范围，分析平面闭链五杆机构满足工作空间边界条件的边界曲线的构成。在此基础上建立相应的数学模型，提出平面闭链五杆机构的工作空间求解算法。最后，通过算例验证了数学模型的正确。

平面五杆机构运动学和动力学特性分析

对平面五杆机构的运动学特性和动力学特性进行分析.推导了五杆机构的运动学正解和运动学逆解方程.借助Kane动力学分析方程,对五杆机构进行了动力学分析,分析结果表明惯性力对机构的影响很大.

农机土槽试验动力学参数测试系统的研制

该文对土槽试验测试系统进行了改进设计,以满足新型农业机械的研发和性能参数测试的需求,使数据更准确有效,试验检测手段更为方便。将拉压力传感器、角度传感器与农机通用的三点悬挂机构有机结合,研制了三点悬挂式五杆测力装置,并以LABVIEW为开发平台开发了农机土槽试验动力学参数测试系统,实现土槽试验中土槽台车及试验机具的前进速度、动力输出轴转速与扭矩、输出功率、试验对象的前进阻力等参数的实时测试。试验运行表明系统测量数据可靠,装置操作方便,试验效率大大提高。

4R1P型平面五杆并联机构的可动性与特征图表示

针对4R1P型平面五杆并联机构,引入虚杆概念。基于Grashof定理,将滑块可达空间分割为若干可动性不同的子域。根据三根RR型构件的杆长关系,将运动链与机构划分为三类和若干子类,给出其可动性的特征图表示。在此基础上,根据移动副参数、滑块位置、构件结构约束以及移动副的主动与否,具体得出运动链与机构的可动性。特征图分析方法适合于4R1P型所有平面机构和3R型平面开链机构。