Occurrence Regularity and Ecological Control Technology of Diseases of Hedgerow Commonly Used in Greening in Five Cities of Southern Jiangsu

The disease types, symptom characteristics, pathogenesis and ecological control technology of hedgerow commonly used in landscape greening in Nanjing, Zhenjiang, Changzhou, Wuxi and Suzhou were systematically studied. The results showed that there were 10 kinds of common diseases of flowers and shrubs in landscape greening in five cities of southern Jiangsu. Among them, 8 were caused by deuteromycotina and 2 were caused by subphylum basidiomycetes. It was pointed out that the disease regularity was directly related to the pathogenic bacteria, temperature and humidity, microclimate and hedgerow growth. For the first time, the ecological control method of hedgerow disease which focused on ecological health maintenance was put forward.

Development Mode of Mid-small Cities in Northern Jiangsu Based on the Growth Pole Theory

The development mode of mid-small cities in northern Jiangsu is analyzed on the Growth Pole theory.Depending on scales,endowment of resources,geographical positions,and industrial advantages of mil-small cities,we can divide the development mode of those mid-small cities within this context into five types:development through integration into big cities;independent development;resource-dependent development;single industry development;and mixed industry development.

Distribution characteristics of historical earthquake classes in Jiangsu Province and South Huanghai Sea region

According to the analysis on the characteristics of historic earthquakes in Jiangsu Province and South Huanghai Sea region, the historical earthquakes in the studied area are divided into two kinds of comparatively safe class and comparatively dangerous class. Then the statistical result of earthquake class, the characteristics of geo-graphical distribution and geological structures are studied. The study shows: a) In Jiangsu Province and South Huanghai Sea region, the majority of historical strong earthquakes belong to comparatively safe class, only 13.8% belong to comparatively dangerous class; b) Most historical earthquakes belong to comparatively safe class in the land area of Jiangsu, eastern sea area of Yangtze River mouth and northern depression of South Huanghai Sea region. However, along the coast of middle Jiangsu Province and in the sea area of South Huanghai Sea, the distribution of historical earthquake classes is complex and the earthquake series of comparatively dan-gerous class and comparatively safe class are equivalent in number; c) In the studied area, the statistical results of historical earthquake classes and the characteristics of spatial distribution accord very well with the real case of present-day earthquake series. It shows that the seismic activity in the region has the characteristic of succession, and the result from this study can be used as a reference for early postseismic judgment in the earthquake emer-gency work in Jiangsu Province.

ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN 100-hPa SOUTH ASIA HIGH AND MEI-YU IN JIANGSU PROVINCE

By analyzing the change of an index for the characteristics of South Asia High and variations of upper-air troughs in 2002–2005,we studied the impact of South Asia high on the beginning and ending of the Mei-yu(i.e.sustained rain corresponding to the ripening season of plum)in Jiangsu province.Statistic verification is conducted on the relationships between the index and the Mei-yu season in 1991–2005 to examine the impacts of the SAH characteristics index on a rain intensity index of Mei-yu and regional distribution of a characteristics index for different annual patterns of Mei-yu.Historical composite is performed of the 100-hPa circulation field for these patterns using the 100-hPa geopotential height of Northern Hemisphere from 2002 to 2005 and 45-year NCEP reanalysis to study the difference in the circulation for different patterns of Mei-yu.Diagnostic and statistic conclusions,which share much in common,have been obtained as follows.(1)The characteristics preceding to and the advancement/retreat of SAH and the movement of westerly troughs are the factors that influence the onset time of the Mei-yu season;after the Mei-yu onset,the progression/withdrawal of SAH and how farther east it extends are determining how long the Mei-yu lasts and when it ends.(2)During the Mei-yu,the general 100-hPa circulation situation and average characteristics of the SAH are well corresponding to the characteristics of the season and annual patterns of Mei-yu.In addition,the averages of the SAH ridgeline and east-extending index for June,July and the Mei-yu season have some implications to the forecast of the index of Mei-yu intensity.These conclusions can be served as powerful means in determining the starting/ending dates, duration and annual pattern of the Mei-yu season.

Numerical Simulation and Analysis of Storm Surges Under Different Extreme Weather Event and Typhoon Experiments in the South Yellow Sea

In this study,a coupled tide-surge-wave model was developed and applied to the South Yellow Sea.The coupled model simulated the evolution of storm surges and waves caused by extreme weather events,such as tropical cyclones,cold waves,extratropical cyclones coupled with a cold wave,and tropical cyclones coupled with a cold wave.The modeled surge level and significant wave height matched the measured data well.Simulation results of the typhoon with different intensities revealed that the radius to the maximum wind speed of a typhoon with 1.5 times wind speed decreased,and its influence range was farther away from the Jiangsu coastal region;moreover,the impact on surge levels was weakened.Thereafter,eight hypothetical typhoons based on Typhoon Chan-hom were designed to investigate the effects of varying typhoon tracks on the extreme value and spatial distribution of storm surges in the offshore area of Jiangsu Province.The typhoon along path 2 mainly affected the Rudong coast,and the topography of the Rudong coast was conducive to the increase in surge level.Therefore,the typhoon along path 2 induced the largest surge level,which reached up to 2.91 m in the radial sand ridge area.The maximum surge levels in the Haizhou Bay area and the middle straight coastline area reached up to 2.37 and 2.08 m,respectively.In terms of typhoons active in offshore areas,the radial sand ridge area was most likely to be threatened by typhoon-induced storm surges.

Distribution characteristics of historical earthquake classes in Jiangsu Province and South Huanghai Sea region

According to the analysis on the characteristics of historic earthquakes in Jiangsu Province and South Huanghai Sea region, the historical earthquakes in the studied area are divided into two kinds of comparatively safe class and comparatively dangerous class. Then the statistical result of earthquake class, the characteristics of geo-graphical distribution and geological structures are studied. The study shows: a) In Jiangsu Province and South Huanghai Sea region, the majority of historical strong earthquakes belong to comparatively safe class, only 13.8% belong to comparatively dangerous class; b) Most historical earthquakes belong to comparatively safe class in the land area of Jiangsu, eastern sea area of Yangtze River mouth and northern depression of South Huanghai Sea region. However, along the coast of middle Jiangsu Province and in the sea area of South Huanghai Sea, the distribution of historical earthquake classes is complex and the earthquake series of comparatively dan-gerous class and comparatively safe class are equivalent in number; c) In the studied area, the statistical results of historical earthquake classes and the characteristics of spatial distribution accord very well with the real case of present-day earthquake series. It shows that the seismic activity in the region has the characteristic of succession, and the result from this study can be used as a reference for early postseismic judgment in the earthquake emer-gency work in Jiangsu Province.

Plant opal analysis of the Guangfucun Site in Wujiang City,Jiangsu Province

The Guangfucun Site is located in thewest of Taoyuan Town,Wujiang City,the furthest south end of JiagsuProvince.It is a Neolithic site datedto 6055±125 BP.The cultural de-posits belong to the Majiabang Cul-ture.This paper reported the resultsof plant opal analysis of the site and

Evolution of sedimentary environments of the middle Jiangsu coast, South Yellow Sea since late MIS 3

An evolutionary model of sedimentary environments since late Marine Isotope Stage 3 （late MIS 3, i.e., ca. 39 cal ka BP） along the middle Jiangsu coast is presented based upon a reinterpretation of core 07SR01, new correlations between adjacent published cores, and shallow seismic profiles recovered in the Xiyang tidal channel and adjacent northern sea areas. Geomorphology, sedimentology, radiocarbon dating and seismic and sequence stratigraphy are combined to confirm that environmental changes since late MIS 3 in the study area were controlled primarily by sea-level fluctuations, sediment discharge of paleo-rivers into the South Yellow Sea （SYS）, and minor tectonic subsidence, all of which impacted the progression of regional geomorphic and sedimentary environments （Le., coastal barrier island freshwater lacustrine swamp, river floodplain, coastal marsh, tidal sand ridge, and tidal channel）. This resulted in the formation of a fifth-order sequence stratigraphy, comprised of the parasequence of the late stage of the last interstadial （Para-Sq2）, including the highstand and forced regressive wedge system tracts （HST and FRWST）, and the parasequence of the postglacial period （Para-Sql）, including the transgressive and highstand system tracts （TST and HST）. The tidal sand ridges likely began to develop during the postglacial transgression as sea-level rise covered the middle Jiangsu coast at ca. 9.0 cal ka BP. These initially submerged tidal sand ridges were constantly migrating until the southward migration of the Yellow River mouth to the northern Jiangsu coast during AD 1128 to 1855. The paleo-Xiyang tidal channel that was determined by the paleo-tidal current field and significantly different from the modern one, was in existence during the Holocene transgressive maxima and lasted until AD 1128. Following the capture of the Huaihe River in AD 1128 by the Yellow River, the paleo-Xiyang tidal channel was infilled with a large amount of river-derived sediments from AD 1128 to 1855, causing the emergence of some of the previously submerged tidal sand ridges. From AD 1855 to the present, the infilled paleo-Xiyang tidal channel has undergone scouring, resulting in its modern form. The modern Xiyang tidal channel continues to widen and deepen, due both to strong tidal current scouring and anthropogenic activities.

On conservation and development of architecture and environment in the construction of large-scale national infrastructure——Exemplified by the Jiangsu Section of the Eastern Route South-to-North Water Diversion Project

The water-diverting route project’s characteristics,natural landscapes,and histories and humanism of the Jiangsu Section of the Eastern Route South-to-North Water Diversion Project were systemically analyzed through proposing and studying the canal culture routes,the water resources heritage corridors,the landscape and recreation corridors,and the town economic corridors.The station areas along the water-diverting route were scientifically zoned and graded through quantitative and qualitative synthetic methods.Both planning compendiums and construction controlling methods were proposed based on the project grades of points,lines,and areas.Conservation and development of architecture and environment in the large-scale national infrastructure construction were explored systemically.Theories and methods of developing harmonious water-supplying functions,ecological functions,landscape effects,and cultural effects of large-scale water resources were examined.

基于WOFOST模型的苏南地区春小麦种植适应性分析

【目的】研究春小麦在苏南地区的种植适应性,为增加该地区周年粮食生产的稳定性提供理论依据。【方法】基于2016-2017年的田间分期播种试验和WOFOST作物生长模型(简称WOFOST模型),采用数值模拟方法,分析江苏南部代表地区南京地区1-4月不同播期春小麦的生长发育动态和产量表现。以1980-2010年气象数据驱动WOFOST模型,对春小麦产量进行动态模拟,分析最佳播期,并计算最佳播期的适宜播种量。【结果】在1-4月随着播期的推迟,春小麦的生育期长度缩短,其中出苗-开花期阶段最大缩短23 d,开花-成熟期最大缩短8 d,出苗-开花阶段缩短的时间大于开花-成熟阶段,导致春小麦叶片和茎秆的干物质积累量明显减少,产量降低。在冬小麦无法播种的条件下,南京地区春小麦的适宜播种时间为1月1-20日,在该时间段内播种,合理的播种量为180 kg/ha,最高产量为4124.80 kg/ha,生育期长度为146 d,对下季水稻种植和生长无影响。【结论】在苏南地区种植春小麦具有可行性,在冬前无法正常播种冬小麦的情况下,可将种植春小麦作为备选方案。

Coastal evolution of Yancheng, northern Jiangsu, China since the mid-Holocene based on the Landsat MSS imagery

Since the 1970s, remote sensing images have provided new information for the delineation and analysis of coastline changes, especially focusing on the short timescale changes. This paper, based on the Landsat MSS imagery, focuses on the coastline evolution of Yancheng, northern Jiangsu, China since the mid-Holocene. A zebra stripe image, which could reveal the ancient coastal evolution of Yancheng, was extracted from a Landsat MSS image. Based on the extracted black-white stripes, 19 surface sediment samples were recovered and analyzed to recognize the sedimentary characteristics of these stripes. It shows that most sand and silty sand samples appear on the white stripes, while silt and silty clay samples are on the black stripes. Sandy and muddy sediments present an alternating distri- bution pattern on the Yancheng coastal plain. A historical coastline map was drawn according to the previous research achievements of the paleo-coastal sand barriers and paleo-coastlines, and was superimposed on the zebra stripe image. The trend of the extracted zebra stripes is consistent with the historical coastlines, and it should be the symbol of the Yancheng coastline evolution. On the basis of ten sets of black-white stripes and previous research results, we divided the progression of Yancheng coastal evolution into three stages （i.e., the early stable stage （6500 a BP-AD 1128）, the rapid deposition stage （AD 1128-1855） and the adjustment stage （AD 1855-present））. Ten sets of black-white stripes were identified as the characteristic pattern of the coastline evolution on the Yancheng coastal plain.

Pre‑rainy Season Rainstorms in South China—Risk Perception of the 11 April 2019 Rainstorm in Shenzhen City

With the acceleration of urbanization in South China, rainstorms and floods are threatening the safety of people in urban areas. The 11 April 2019(4·11 hereafter)rainstorm in Shenzhen City was a typical pre-rainy season rainstorm that caused great damage, yet such pre-rainy season events have not attracted sufficient attention in research.Risk perception of the public may indirectly affect their disaster preparedness, which is important for disaster management. In this study, we conducted a questionnaire survey that considered demographic factors and the level of risk perception, knowledge of risk, impact of the 4·11 rainstorm event on public risk perception, and degree of trust in the government. We used a two-factor model of risk perception to evaluate the factors that influenced public risk perception of the 4·11 rainstorm in Shenzhen. The main conclusions are: The 4·11 rainstorm improved public awareness of both risk and impact through the medium term, but the public’s perceived low probability of disaster occurrence and lack of knowledge of the pre-rainy season rainstorm phenomenon led to serious losses during this event. Although the public has high trust in the Shenzhen government, the management of rainstorm disasters in the pre-rainy season needs to be further improved.

Study on Renewal Planning of Declining Historic Quarters:Inspired from the Discussion on Conservation of the Old City in South Nanjing

Through collecting,reflecting and summarizing various opinions on the conservation of the old city in South Nanjing,this paper examines the problems that the declining historic quarters are facing amid the urban renewal process.Moreover,in combination with the existing planning practices in the old city in South Nanjing,this paper carries out a discussion on the renewal of the declining historic quarters from the perspective of values,exploration and assessment of historic resources,choice of renewal methods,and support of implementation system.

苏南模式演进与发展

苏南模式是中国现代化经济发展中最有影响、最为成功的道路之一。苏南模式催生了:苏南模式乡镇集体经济代表——华西村的发展变迁;物质文明和精神文明相互促进、相得益彰共同成就的文明高地——张家港精神;不等不靠的苏南模式代表——昆山之路;新苏南模式走在前列创新演进的代表——苏州模式等多个鲜活的改革与发展创造样本。苏南模式如今是国资、外资、民资与股份制经济共同发展,是新时代中国特色社会主义市场经济的重要窗口。苏南模式的演进与发展,是发展经济学理论在中国的成功实践,苏南模式的最新发展,为构建中国发展经济学的理论体系,提供了丰富的实践土壤。

兰州市南北两山土壤水分遥感反演及植被需水量估算

探究西北干旱区土壤水分和植被需水量动态变化特征,可为生态恢复不同阶段所需水资源量及水资源优化配置提供科学依据。以兰州市南北两山为研究区,基于Sentinel-2 L2A和Landsat 8 OLI遥感影像,结合实测土壤0~10 cm的111个数据,分别构建垂直干旱指数(Perpendicular Drought Index,PDI)、改进型垂直干旱指数(Modified Perpendicular Drought Index,MPDI)和植被调整垂直干旱指数(Vegetation-adjusted Perpendicular Drought Index,VAPDI)土壤水分反演模型,并采用4种模型指标定量决定系数(R^(2))、平均绝对误差(MAE)、平均相对误差(MRE)、均方根误差(RMSE)对模型反演的效果进行精度评价,选出最优的土壤水分反演模型并结合土壤水分限制系数,与研究区2019年林地、草地和耕地植被面积的空间数据、各站点生长季内的参考作物蒸散量,构建植被生态需水量模型,厘清研究区内土壤水分、植被需水量时空变化特征。结果表明:(1)2种数据源下的PDI、MPDI、VAPDI和实测数据之间均有着不同程度的线性负相关性,其中R^(2)分别为0.37、0.64和0.59,从评价指标的结果来看,MPDI的土壤水分回归模型的拟合决定系数最高,2种遥感数据反演的土壤水分空间分布格局具有一致性。(2)分辨率高的Sentinel-2L2A土壤水分反演更加精细,土壤水分整体呈波动增长趋势,多时段土壤水分的平均值为23.27%,呈现出降低再增加然后下降,总体增幅为74.07%。(3)兰州市南北两山4—10月植被需水量月均值也呈现先增加后下降的趋势,与土壤水分含量变化具有一致性,4—10月中7月植被需水量最大,为3.98×10^(7)m^(3),10月植被生态需水量最小,为0.97×10^(7)m^(3)。随着环境绿化工程的实施,兰州市南北两山从只能生长耐旱草本和低矮灌木的植物,逐步形成以多种类结合的群落结构。本研究可为兰州市南北两山土壤水资源合理利用及植被恢复提供参考。

新质生产力导向的苏南县级市“三高三优”高质量发展环境建设模式研究

苏南县级市走在县域新质生产力培育和高质量发展环境建设的前列。本文以苏南10个县级市为研究对象,立足实践分析,提炼出其“三高三优”的“3+3”高质量发展环境建设模式,即高铁站点、高校院所、高新园区与优越的历史文化、优良的自然生态、优秀的人才资源驱动,并分析了其与新质生产力发展绩效之间的相关性和关联逻辑。据此,本文进一步构建了苏南县级市“3+3”高质量发展环境建设的评价指标体系对苏南县级市进行了评价和比较,分析和确证了其与新质生产力发展绩效的相关性,并对比其与其他多个相关发展评价排行的关系,确认了新质生产力导向下苏南县级市“3+3”高质量发展环境建设模式的客观性和有效性。本文揭示的新质生产力导向的苏南县级市“3+3”高质量发展环境建设模式,对于认识苏南县级市发展规律具有一定参考价值,对于其他县级单元推进新质生产力和高质量发展路径的谋划具有一定的借鉴作用,也可为国内推进以县城为重要载体的城镇化提供参考。

农村产业融合发展的现实困境与实现路径——以江苏省镇江市为例

农村产业融合是全面推进乡村振兴的现实选择,其赋予了农业产业新动能、激发了农村发展新活力、拓展了农民增收新空间。江苏省镇江市农村产业融合发展的实践表明,培养壮大融合主体、优化集聚融合要素、巩固创新融合模式、稳定完善融合机制,能够有效地提升农村产业发展水平,针对融合层次不高、主体功能不强、要素供给不足等问题,应从创新农业经营组织方式、推动生产要素跨界流动、促进增值收益合理分配等方面促进农村产业深度融合,以期实现共同富裕。

城市文化基因下宁海城南文创视觉化设计

以宁海城南文创设计为例,通过明确视觉印象,确立设计基调,基于文化基因进行宁海城南的视觉化设计,创作出富含文化精髓的视觉插画形象。该视觉表达形式既彰显了宁海城南的别样风采,也为其他城市在文化创意产品的设计方面提供了有价值的参考和启示。

先秦丘居形态及其对古代营城理念的影响

本文梳理了“丘”的概念及其五重涵义,用图形化的方式考释了“敦丘”“陶丘”“融丘”和“昆仑丘”四种丘居形态。并由此出发,解析了古代多重城制的成因,择居丘南的缘起,以及地法昆仑的三种方法,以探究丘居形态对古代营城理念的深刻影响。

衡阳市野生草本花卉资源评价体系的构建及应用

为深入了解和更好地开发利用衡阳市野生草本花卉资源,采用野外调查和查证相结合的方法,运用层次分析法(Analytic hierarchy process,AHP)建立定性与定量相结合的综合评价模型,对湖南省衡阳市60种野生草本花卉资源的开发利用价值进行综合评价。结果表明:该综合评价模型有1个目标层,3个约束层[约束层权重值大小为:开发利用潜力(0.6607)>观赏价值(0.2079)>生物学特性(0.1314)],11个标准层[其中综合指标权重值较高的分别是:抗逆性(0.3968)、资源数量(0.1403)、利用程度(0.1236)和观花特征(0.0819)等];60种野生花卉资源隶属于34个科53个属,以菊科(8种)、禾本科(5种)等居多;60种野生草本花卉资源中,综合得分(A)≥3.8000分有24种,可大规模开发利用,3.5000≤综合得分(A)<3.8000分有14种,可适度开发利用,综合得分(A)<3.5000分有22种,可选择性开发利用。AHP模型评价结果将为今后衡阳市及相似条件的地区开发利用野生草本花卉资源提供理论依据。