CANONICAL REPRESENTATIONS AND DEGREE OF FREEDOM FORMULAE OF ORTHOGONAL TENSORS IN N-DIMENSIONAL EUCLIDEAN SPACE

In this paper, with the help of the eigenvalue properties of orthogonal tensors in n-dimensional Euclidean space and the representations of the orthogonal tensors in 2-dimensional space, the canonical representations of orthogonal tensors in n-dimensional Euclidean space are easily gotten. The paper also gives all the constraint relationships among the principal invariants of arbitrarily given orthogonal tensor by use of Cayley-Hamilton theorem; these results make it possible to solve all the eigenvalues of any orthogonal tensor based on a quite reduced equation of m-th order, where m is the integer part ofn \2. Finally, the formulae of the degree of freedom of orthogonal tensors are given.

Modal identification of multi-degree-of-freedom structures based on intrinsic chirp component decomposition method

Modal parameter identification is a mature technology.However,there are some challenges in its practical applications such as the identification of vibration systems involving closely spaced modes and intensive noise contamination.This paper proposes a new time-frequency method based on intrinsic chirp component decomposition(ICCD)to address these issues.In this method,a redundant Fourier model is used to ameliorate border distortions and improve the accuracy of signal reconstruction.The effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method are illustrated using three examples:a cantilever beam structure with intensive noise contamination or environmental interference,a four-degree-of-freedom structure with two closely spaced modes,and an impact test on a cantilever rectangular plate.By comparison with the identification method based on the empirical wavelet transform(EWT),it is shown that the presented method is effective,even in a high-noise environment,and the dynamic characteristics of closely spaced modes are accurately determined.

Trajectory Optimization for 7-Dofs Space Manipulator

The space manipulator is always designed to have 7 degrees of freedom（Dofs）with the consideration of energy limitation,as well as the flexible moving possibility.Therefore,how to plan the trajectory is important to improve the performance of the manipulator.In this paper,the speed of the end effector is configured as a projecting parameter,when a constant acceleration is applied to adjust the velocity.To implement this trajectory planning strategy,an optimization algorithm through the pseudo inverse of Jacobin matrix is designed,which adjusts the weight functions of joints.According to the functional theory,this algorithm is analyzed and the optimal solution is found in numerous sets of planning.A MATLAB simulation platform is established and the results verity the effectiveness of the algorithm.

Numerical Modeling of a New Flight Simulator Enabling Continuous 360⁃Degree Spinning and Translational Motion

This paper presents a new nine⁃degree⁃of⁃freedom parallel mechanism,which can be applied as a flight simulator.The mechanism is composed by Stewart turntable and another three⁃axis turntable.The Stewart platform can realize six⁃degree⁃of⁃freedom movement in space,but the working space is limited.After the three⁃axis turntable is installed,the rotation space can be increased to simulate more realistic flight conditions.This paper analyzes the new flight simulator from kinematics and dynamics aspects.In addition,the flight simulator is simulated and analyzed based on the MATLAB/Simulink simulation system.The results obtained from the numerical simulations is planned to be used for the practical manufacturing and applications of the new platform.

S Bosons and Dark Particles of Space Field

The spacetime lattice model involves time lattice (static lattice) model and space lattice (dynamic lattice) model, both of which have the same lattices’ domains and the same fractal structures. The behaviors of the space field obey the uncertainty relations, which gauge invariance shows the space field is a gauge field, making the electromagnetic field, gravitowagnetic field and the fermion field be gauged, and the Lorentz condition and Lorentz gauge are the intrinsic attributes of the spacetime. The quantization of the classical space field produces S bosons of spin-1, which stimulated states by charges and masses are respectively photons and gravitons. The S bosons in thermal excitation are immeasurable and their energies may be dark. The principle of partition of independent freedom degrees regularizes the degrees for all particles including neutrino, which must have mass. By the S bosons, we interpret newly the virtual photons. Using the spacetime lattice model, we investigate the breaking of the symmetry of the gradient fields and the symmetry of the curl fields for the potential functions of the space field, and the creations and the annihilations of the dark photons and the dark gravitons. The complexity requires us to rename the electroweak phase transition as electro-gravito-weak phase transition. Finally, antiparticles are discussed. Our approach for the lattice models is a kind of renormalization group theory, signifying the breaking of symmetries can be renormalized.

Nonlinear suboptimal tracking control of spacecraft approaching a tumbling target

We investigate the close-range relative motion and control of a spacecraft approaching a tumbling target. Unlike the traditional rigid-body dynamics with translation and rotation about the center of mass（CM）, the kinematic coupling between translation and rotation is taken into consideration to directly describe the motion of the spacecraft＇s sensors or devices which are not coincident with the CM. Thus, a kinematically coupled 6 degrees-of-freedom（DOF） relative motion model for the instrument（feature point） is set up. To make the chaser spacecraft＇s feature point track the target＇s, an optimal tracking problem is defined and a control law with a feedback-feedforward structure is designed. With quasi-linearization of the nonlinear dynamical system, the feedforward term is computed from a specified constraint about the dynamical system and the reference model, and the feedback action is derived starting from the state-dependent Ricca equation（SDRE）. The proposed controller is compared with an existing suboptimal tracking controller, and numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method.

A Design Method of Noncoherent Unitary Space-Time Codes

We generalized an constructing method of noncoherent unitary space time codes (N-USTC) over Rayleigh flat fading channels. A family of N-USTCs with T symbol peroids, M transmit and N receive antennas was constructed by the exponential mapping method based on the tangent subspace of the Grassmann manifold. This exponential mapping method can transform the coherent space time codes (C-STC) into the N-USTC on the Grassmann manifold. We infered an universal framework of constructing a C-STC that is designed by using the algebraic number theory and has full rate and full diversity (FRFD) for t symbol periods and same antennas, where M, N, T, t are general positive integer. We discussed the constraint condition that the exponential mapping has only one solution, from which we presented a approach of searching the optimum adjustive factor αopt that can generate an optimum noncoherent codeword. For different code parameters M, N, T, t and the optimum adjustive factor αopt, we gave the simulation results of the several N-USTCs.

Numerical Simulation about the Characteristics of the Store Released from the Internal Bay in Supersonic Flow

To understand the influence of the initial release conditions on the separation characteristics of the store and improve it under high Mach number(Ma=4)flight conditions,the overset grid method and the Realizable k−εturbulence model coupled with an equation with six degrees of freedom are used to simulate the store released from the internal bay.The motion trajectory and the attitude angle of the store separation under the conditions of different centroid,velocity,height and control measures are given by the calculated result.Through analysis,the position of the centroid will affect the separation of the store,which needs to be considered in the design.Increasing the launching height is conducive to the separation of the store.If the store has an initial velocity,it can leave the internal bay more quickly and reduce the probability of collision with the wall.Cylindrical rod and slanted aft wall control measures can improve the attitude of the store and make the store fall more smoothly.

面向狭长空间的三自由度并联机器人设计与建模

并联机器人因具有刚度大、结构稳定、承载能力大和运动负荷小等优点,在农业和工业等领域得到了广泛的应用。现有大部分并联机器人因支链呈空间对称分布,难以进入狭长空间工作。因此,针对狭长的工作环境,提出了一种新型三自由度并联结构,该机构整体沿一条直线导轨方向布置,减少了垂直于导轨方向的宽度,使之易于放入狭窄的空间内,同时能拥有较大工作空间,并实现3个自由度上的平动运动。通过G-K公式计算机构自由度;验证了该并联机器人设计的合理性;对平台进行了运动学和动力学分析;并根据遗传算法分析其奇异性;通过解析法对机构工作空间进行了分析。研究成果为三自由度并联机器人进入狭长空间工作提供了新的思路与构型。

球面2-DOF冗余驱动并联机器人静力学全解

以球面2-DOF冗余驱动并联机器人为研究对象,在考虑构件弹性的情况下,采用传统的拆杆法建立机构的静力学平衡方程,利用积分法求出各杆件变形,再运用小变形叠加原理建立机构的变形补充协调方程,共得到42个方程,但该机构为冗余机构,共有43个未知数,为此采用输入力优化方法,得到该机构静力学全解。通过数值算例,绘制输出轴在外载荷作用下沿给定轨迹的受力图。研究为该机构在工程中的结构设计与应用提供了静力学理论基础。

DMANet:针对空间非合作目标位姿估计的密集多尺度注意力网络

利用单目相机对空间非合作目标进行准确的姿态估计对于空间碎片清除、自主交会和其他在轨服务至关重要。然而,单目姿态估计方法缺乏深度信息,导致尺度不确定性问题,大大降低了其精度和实时性。本文首先提出了一种多尺度注意块(Multi-scale attention block, MAB),从输入图像中提取复杂的高维语义特征。其次,基于MAB模块,提出了空间非合作目标6自由度位姿估计的密集多尺度注意网络(Dense multi-scale attention network, DMANet),该网络由平面位置估计、深度位置估计和姿态估计3个分支组成,通过引入基于欧拉角的软分类方法,将位姿回归问题表述为经典分类问题。此外,设计了空间非合作目标模型,并利用Coppeliasim构建了姿态估计数据集。最后,与其他最先进的方法相比,在SPEED+、URSO数据集和本文数据集上全面评估了所提出的方法。实验结果表明,该方法具有较好的姿态估计精度。

基于6-DOF解耦操作臂的空间遥操作控制及运动学分析

针对由6-DOF解耦操作臂及其末端手爪组成的操作臂系统,设计了符合工程实际的遥操作控制策略,并提出了一种简单的运动学解算方法.采用Motoman工业操作臂,对提出的方法进行了实验验证.实验结果证明了所提方法的可行性.

空间引力波探测望远镜多自由度形变测量方法解耦研究与噪声分析

空间引力波探测望远镜是引力波探测卫星的核心载荷之一,它同时对传输光束进行扩束和缩束。光程稳定性是望远镜的核心指标之一,其与望远镜结构稳定性密切相关。为了满足引力波探测任务对望远镜提出的超高光程稳定性和结构稳定性要求,必须对望远镜结构形变测量进行研究。本文开展了对空间引力波探测望远镜多自由度形变测量的研究,重点解决多自由度测量的耦合问题,并对误差来源进行详细分析。在空间引力波探测望远镜的研制阶段,该测量方法的研究有望满足望远镜多自由度形变测量的需求,为望远镜设计提供多自由度形变的数据反馈,为望远镜光程稳定性研究提供指导。

自主式水下机器人滑模容错自动化控制方法

针对因水下机器人工作环境噪声影响较大、难以提取故障特征点,导致控制精准度较低的问题,该文提出一种滑模容错自动化控制方法。建立机器人五自由度空间方程以及故障执行器的动力学方程,计算机器人每个关键滑模点的不确定性因素变化矢量,推导得到机器人的离散故障状态方程。根据机器人在期望状态下的滑模特性,将故障状态参数代入后,识别定位到故障点,提取机器人线性反馈的控制规律,设定机器人在滑模容错控制函数中的双曲正切函数,计算产生滑模动态的控制输入值,实现自动化控制。实验结果证明,所提方法在第25 s处即发现故障,输出信号幅值稳定在-28 Hz~28 Hz之间,具有良好的自动化控制能力。

五自由度上肢康复机器人设计与分析

针对由脑卒中、脊髓损伤等造成的上肢运动功能减退、需康复的问题,设计了一款基于人体上肢尺寸的可穿戴式五自由度上肢康复机器人。使用改进的D-H参数法,建立了其运动学模型,结合数字仿真软件的机器人工具箱,验证了其模型的正确性;利用蒙特卡罗法得到机器人的工作空间云图,通过与各关节运动范围进行对比,验证了其工作范围的合理性。最后运用五次多项式插值法对其进行轨迹规划,获得了各个关节角的角度、速度、加速度的平稳曲线图。实验结果验证了上肢康复机器人结构设计的正确性和整个康复训练过程的可行性。

6-DOF电-气伺服并联机器人动画控制中的实体转换

本文介绍了当前计算机三维动画技术的应用和发展及一种 6自由度并联机器人的基本结构。提出应用三维动画技术对 6自由度并联机器人进行计算机控制的设想 ,并结合并联机器人的结构特点给出在应用三维动画技术进行计算机控制过程中、实体转换阶段的主要步骤和应注意的问题 ,介绍了与之相适应的气动伺服驱动系统 。

Numerical Simulation of a Planing Vessel at High Speed

计划容器处于民用、军事的状况广泛地被使用。由于他们的高速度，计划容器的运动是复杂的。以便预言计划容器的运动，分析以高速度计划容器的水动力学表演是重要的。计算液体动态方法(CFD ) 被建议了计算计划容器的水动力学性能。在很传统的 CFD 途径，然而，模型测试或实验公式被需要在计算前获得计划容器的跑的态度。这份报纸论述一个新 CFD 方法计算计划容器的水动力学力量。数字方法基于平均 Reynolds 的海军司烧(RANS ) 方程。液体(VOF ) 的体积方法和 six-degrees-of-freedom 方程被使用。一个有效过程被介绍在数字模拟解决数字分叉问题。与试验性的结果相比，数字模拟结果显示跑的态度和水动力学性能能以高速度被预言很好。

INCREASING PROPERTY OF SPECTRUM IN THE VIBRATIONS OF A CYCLIC CHAIN OF MASSES DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO THE GTM SEQUENCE

Generalized Thue-Morse sequences were introduced into the vibrational problem of a chain of masses linked by springs of constant strength, and the increasing property of spectrum of linear operator about the vibrational model was proved.

考虑气推耦合的三维高超声速飞行器建模

针对一类三维高超声速飞行器几何构型,考虑气动和推进系统之间的耦合效应,采用机理分析法,建立了三维飞行器机理模型。首先,采用牛顿定律,给出高超声速飞行器的六自由度运动方程;其次,利用斜激波和Prandtl-Meyer膨胀波理论,计算飞行器机身各表面及控制面的压强,并基于飞行器的几何构型,考虑飞行器横截面的变化,采用微元法,估算了机身前体、发动机和后体等3部分受力;最后,在一定的气动条件下,对飞行器机理模型线性化,气动和动态特性仿真分析表明,所建立的模型能够体现气动与推进系统的耦合,模型的横向和侧向都是不稳定的,且具有非最小相位现象。