Pyrolysis of Shenmu coal was performed in fixed-bed reactors indirectly heated by reducing operating pressure and mounting internals in the reactor to explore their synergetic effects on coal pyrolysis. Mounting inter...Pyrolysis of Shenmu coal was performed in fixed-bed reactors indirectly heated by reducing operating pressure and mounting internals in the reactor to explore their synergetic effects on coal pyrolysis. Mounting internals particularly designed greatly improved the heat transfer inside coal bed and raised the yield of tar production.Reducing pressure further facilitated the production of tar through its suppression of secondary reactions occurring in the reactor. The absolute increase in tar yield reached 3.33 wt% in comparison with the pyrolysis in the reactor without internals under atmospheric pressure. The obtained tar yield in the reactor with internals under reduced pressure was even higher than the yield of Gray–King assay. Through experiments in a laboratory fixed bed reactor, it was also clarified that the effect of reducing pressure is related to volatile release rate in pyrolysis. It did not obviously vary tar yield at pyrolysis temperatures below 600 ℃, while the effect was evident at 650 and 700 ℃ but became limited again above 800 ℃. Under reduced pressure the produced tar contained more aliphatics and phenols but less aromatics.展开更多
介绍了某炼油厂利用15万t·a^(-1)柴油加氢精制装置试生产3^(#)喷气燃料的具体实施过程,通过对原料油馏程、操作参数的调整,采取降低反应温度、反应压力及分馏塔温度等一系列措施,以常减压装置常一线油为原料,成功生产出3^(#)喷气...介绍了某炼油厂利用15万t·a^(-1)柴油加氢精制装置试生产3^(#)喷气燃料的具体实施过程,通过对原料油馏程、操作参数的调整,采取降低反应温度、反应压力及分馏塔温度等一系列措施,以常减压装置常一线油为原料,成功生产出3^(#)喷气燃料。实践发现,140~255℃常一线馏分是生产3^(#)喷气燃料的适宜原料,操作参数相较于生产柴油时偏低,将反应压力从3500 k Pa降低至3200 k Pa,3^(#)喷气燃料的芳烃体积分数由7.33%上升至9.27%,满足大于体积分数8.50%的内控指标要求。3^(#)喷气燃料试生产的成功,证明柴油加氢精制装置具备在线切换生产柴油和3^(#)喷气燃料产品的能力,有效提升装置的经济效益和社会效益,对柴油加氢精制装置的产品转型提供了良好的工业范例。展开更多
采用已经建立的催化重整固定床反应器(Catalytic reforming fixed bed reactor,简称CRFBR)内传递及反应过程的综合数学模型,对工业固定床催化重整反应器进行数值模拟研究。考察了反应温度、反应压力、体积空速和氢/油体积比对产物组成...采用已经建立的催化重整固定床反应器(Catalytic reforming fixed bed reactor,简称CRFBR)内传递及反应过程的综合数学模型,对工业固定床催化重整反应器进行数值模拟研究。考察了反应温度、反应压力、体积空速和氢/油体积比对产物组成的影响。结果表明,高反应温度、低反应压力可以提高产品的芳烃产率,但高反应温度会同时降低液体产物收率,低反应压力会加速催化剂上的积炭。体积空速和氢/油体积比的提高会导致液体产物收率增加和芳烃产率降低。在满足产品质量要求的条件下,各操作参数存在着最优值。引入芳烃产率和液体产物收率的变化量之积,即重整芳产液收积(KI)作为控制参数,以KI达极大值时的反应条件作为最佳反应器操作条件,为催化重整工艺条件的优化提供理论依据。展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21376250)National Basic Research Program of China(2014CB744303)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA07010100)
文摘Pyrolysis of Shenmu coal was performed in fixed-bed reactors indirectly heated by reducing operating pressure and mounting internals in the reactor to explore their synergetic effects on coal pyrolysis. Mounting internals particularly designed greatly improved the heat transfer inside coal bed and raised the yield of tar production.Reducing pressure further facilitated the production of tar through its suppression of secondary reactions occurring in the reactor. The absolute increase in tar yield reached 3.33 wt% in comparison with the pyrolysis in the reactor without internals under atmospheric pressure. The obtained tar yield in the reactor with internals under reduced pressure was even higher than the yield of Gray–King assay. Through experiments in a laboratory fixed bed reactor, it was also clarified that the effect of reducing pressure is related to volatile release rate in pyrolysis. It did not obviously vary tar yield at pyrolysis temperatures below 600 ℃, while the effect was evident at 650 and 700 ℃ but became limited again above 800 ℃. Under reduced pressure the produced tar contained more aliphatics and phenols but less aromatics.
文摘介绍了某炼油厂利用15万t·a^(-1)柴油加氢精制装置试生产3^(#)喷气燃料的具体实施过程,通过对原料油馏程、操作参数的调整,采取降低反应温度、反应压力及分馏塔温度等一系列措施,以常减压装置常一线油为原料,成功生产出3^(#)喷气燃料。实践发现,140~255℃常一线馏分是生产3^(#)喷气燃料的适宜原料,操作参数相较于生产柴油时偏低,将反应压力从3500 k Pa降低至3200 k Pa,3^(#)喷气燃料的芳烃体积分数由7.33%上升至9.27%,满足大于体积分数8.50%的内控指标要求。3^(#)喷气燃料试生产的成功,证明柴油加氢精制装置具备在线切换生产柴油和3^(#)喷气燃料产品的能力,有效提升装置的经济效益和社会效益,对柴油加氢精制装置的产品转型提供了良好的工业范例。
文摘采用已经建立的催化重整固定床反应器(Catalytic reforming fixed bed reactor,简称CRFBR)内传递及反应过程的综合数学模型,对工业固定床催化重整反应器进行数值模拟研究。考察了反应温度、反应压力、体积空速和氢/油体积比对产物组成的影响。结果表明,高反应温度、低反应压力可以提高产品的芳烃产率,但高反应温度会同时降低液体产物收率,低反应压力会加速催化剂上的积炭。体积空速和氢/油体积比的提高会导致液体产物收率增加和芳烃产率降低。在满足产品质量要求的条件下,各操作参数存在着最优值。引入芳烃产率和液体产物收率的变化量之积,即重整芳产液收积(KI)作为控制参数,以KI达极大值时的反应条件作为最佳反应器操作条件,为催化重整工艺条件的优化提供理论依据。
