Single Phase-to-Ground Fault Line Identification and Section Location Method for Non-Effectively Grounded Distribution Systems Based on Signal Injection

A diagnostic signal current trace detecting based single phase-to-ground fault line identifica- tion and section location method for non-effectively grounded distribution systems is presented in this paper.A special diagnostic signal current is injected into the fault distribution system,and then it is detected at the outlet terminals to identify the fault line and at the sectionalizing or branching point along the fault line to locate the fault section.The method has been put into application in actual distribution network and field experience shows that it can identify the fault line and locate the fault section correctly and effectively.

Active injection protection scheme for flexible HVDC grids based on amplitude of input impedance

High-voltage direct current(HVDC)grids require fast and reliable protection of the DC lines.The performance of traditional protection schemes is easily impaired by the limitations of the boundary condition and nonlinearity from the control of converters.One of the key technologies for flexible HVDC grids is the half-bridge modular multilevel converter(HB-MMC).Considering the high controllability of HB-MMC,this study proposes an active injection protection scheme to improve the reliability and sensitivity of the HVDC grid protection.The HB-MMC is used to inject a sinusoidal characteristic signal,at the specified frequency,into the DC lines.Then,the voltage and current at the specified frequency are extracted using the Prony algorithm to calculate the input impedance,which is used for the identification of internal and external faults.The active injection protection scheme was simulated for various cases in the simulation software Power Systems Computer Aided Design.The simulation results indicate that the proposed protection scheme is highly reliable and can overcome transition resistance.

Adaptive restarting method for LCC-HVDC based on principle of fault location by current injection

The existing LCC-HVDC transmission project adopts the fixed-time delay restarting method.This method has disadvantages such as non-selectivity,long restart process,and high probability of restart failure.These issues cause a secondary impact on equipment and system power fluctuation.To solve this problem,an adaptive restarting method based on the principle of fault location by current injection is proposed.First,an additional control strategy is proposed to inject a current detection signal.Second,the propagation law of the current signal in the line is analyzed based on the distributed parameter model of transmission line.Finally,a method for identifying fault properties based on the principle of fault location is proposed.The method fully considers the influence of the long-distance transmission line with earth capacitance and overcomes the influence of the increasing effect of the opposite terminal.Simulation results show that the proposed method can accurately identify the fault properties under various complex fault conditions and subsequently realize the adaptive restarting process.

Study on the multi-targets mechanism of YiQiFuMai powder injection on cardio-cerebral ischemic diseases based on network pharmacology

Aim YiQiFuMai Powder Injection is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine formula that has been used extensively in clinical treatment of cardio-cerebral ischemic diseases in China. However, the mechanisms under-lying its clinical efficacy remain unknown. In this study, a network pharmacology approach was employed to identify the YiQiFuMai Powder Injection＇s potential pathways and targets against cardio-cerebral ischemia. The target-path- way interaction network clustered the signaling pathways based on high degree nodes of the drug-target network. The potential protein targets presented in the highly scored clustered pathways were the key network hubs and concentrated on one or limited functional signaling pathways amenable to experimental verification. Twelve main functional annota- tion clusters and main signaling pathways for YiQiFuMai Powder Injection were established by Biocarta analysis, in- eluding the NF-KB signaling pathway, the MAPKinase signaling pathway and the mTOR-signaling pathway and so on. YiQiFuMai Powder Injection is hypothesized to target multiple proteins with a high degree and betweenness of net- work. In addition, the most related pathways were also confirmed in tumor necrosis factor-alpha （TNF-oL） induced human vascular endothelial cell line EA. hy926 by Western blot. This study elucidates the systematic network and pathway analysis of multi-targets in YiQiFuMai Powder Injection. The results provide the possible mechanisms for its mode of action against cardio-cerebral ischemic diseases and may also reveal new clues for its potential application in the inflammatory diseases or tumors.

Effects of astragalus injection on the skin lesion degree and Caspase-14,SOCS1 and STAT3 levels of psoriasis model in Balb/c nude mice

Objective: To investigate the effect of Astragalus Injection on the Skin Lesion Degree and Caspase-14, SOCS1 and STAT3 Levels of Psoriasis Model in Balb/c Nude Mice. Methods:Sixty Balb/c nude mice were randomly divided into groups A, B and C with 20 mice in each group. Group A mice were used as blank control, group B mice as model group and group C mice as treatment group. The PASI score of psoriasis, skin thickness, inflammatory factors, serum levels of Caspase-14, SOCS1 and STAT3 in three groups of mice were analyzed after 2 weeks of treatment. Result: After treatment, the P ASI score of group B was significantly higher than that of group C, with statistical significance (P < 0.05);there was statistical significance in the measurements of lesion skin of three groups of mice after treatment (P <0.05). Compared with the blank control group, the thickness of lesion skin in group B and C was significantly higher, and the thickness of lesion skin in treatment group was significantly lower than that in control group (P < 0.05). Compared with the blank control group, the inflammatory factors IL-17, IL-22 and IL-23 in the B and C groups were significantly increased, and the inflammatory factors IL-17, IL-22 and IL-23 in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the model group. The levels of serum C aspase-14, SOCS1 and STAT3 in three groups of mice were significantly different after treatment (P < 0.05). Compared with the blank control group, the levels of serum C aspase-14 and SOCS1 in B and C groups were significantly lower and the levels of STAT3 were significantly higher, and the levels of inflammatory factors aspase-14 and SO in treatment group were significantly higher than those in control group. The level of CS1 was significantly lower than that of model group, and the level of STAT3 was significantly higher than that of model group (P <0.05). Conclusion: Astragalus membranaceus injection can effectively improve the degree of psoriasis in Balb/c nude mice. Its possible mechanism is that it can decrease the expression of Caspase-14 and SOCS1, reduce the degree of keratosis in the lesion site of mice, improve the local surface hyperplasia, increase the level of STAT3 and enhance the level of local cell proliferation, which is of positive significance for the rehabilitation of psoriasis.

INJECTION-LOCKED DIVIDER

An injection-Locked divider(ILD)can provide good synchronization at lower inputsignal to noise ratio,which is its advantage over other types of divider.The general expressionof phase equation and equivalent model are presented for the ILD with an input additive noise.In the absence of noise the performance of the phase-modulated signal through the ILD andsynchronous ranges of the ILD are given.The effects of the additive noise on the ILD arediscuued.The injection-locked amplifier(ILA)is only a particular case in which n=1,thereforethe given results arc applicable to the ILA.

Statistical Properties of a Ring Laser with Injected SIgnal and Backscattering

The statistical properties of a homogeneously broadened ring laser with an injected signal are investigated and the normalized two-mode intensity auto- and cross-correlation functions are calculated by a full saturation laser theory with backscattering. The theoretical predictions are in good agreement with the experimental measurements.Further investigation reveals that the backscattering can reduce the fluctuations in the system while the full saturation effect plays a major role when the laser is operated above threshold. It is also quite important to notice that the injected signal can drive the weak mode from incoherent light to coherent light.

原研门冬胰岛素30注射液的药品不良反应/药品不良事件风险信号挖掘与用药启示

目的:挖掘门冬胰岛素30注射液原研品种的药品不良反应/药品不良事件(ADR/ADE)风险信号,为我国仿制品种的临床安全应用提供参考。方法:运用报告比值比法(ROR)、比例报告比法(PRR)和综合标准法(MHRA),对2004年第1季度至2022年第4季度美国食品药品监督管理局不良事件报告系统(FAERS)数据库中门冬胰岛素30注射液的ADR/ADE报告进行风险信号挖掘。结果:在FAERS数据库中收集到门冬胰岛素30注射液的ADR/ADE报告2 344例。运用3种方法检测出首选术语(PT)层级信号137个,累及21个系统器官分类(SOC),在标准Med DRA分析查询(SMQ)层级检测出风险信号24个。分别按照SOC报告数、PT的信号强度、SMQ的报告数和信号强度排序,低血糖及低血糖导致的各种临床表现为最常见的ADR/ADE。挖掘出血糖升高、体重增加、胰岛素自身免疫综合征和各种新生儿疾病是药品说明书中未提及的ADR/ADE,对以上信号的临床指导意义进行了分析。结论:门冬胰岛素30注射液的药品说明书中未记载的血糖升高、体重增加、胰岛素自身免疫性综合征等ADR/ADE,需在用药过程中格外注意;一般妊娠期不建议使用门冬胰岛素30注射液控制血糖。

基于NLRP3信号通路探究天麻素注射液联合神经节苷脂辅助治疗脊髓损伤的可能机制

【目的】基于NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3(NLRP3)信号通路探究天麻素注射液联合神经节苷脂辅助治疗脊髓损伤(SCI)的可能机制。【方法】将108例SCI患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各54例。2组患者均给予常规康复训练,在此基础上,对照组给予神经节苷脂治疗,观察组给予天麻素注射液联合神经节苷脂治疗。30 d为1个疗程,连续治疗2个疗程。比较2组患者的肌力恢复正常时间、可下地行走时间和留院观察时间,观察2组患者治疗前后美国脊柱损伤协会(ASIA)评分及血清脑源性神经生长因子(BDNF)、中枢神经特异性蛋白(S-100β)、白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-18及NLRP3、半胱氨酸蛋白酶1(Caspase-1)、凋亡相关斑点样蛋白(ACS)水平的变化情况,并评价2组患者的临床疗效及安全性。【结果】(1)治疗2个疗程后,观察组的总有效率为83.33%(45/54),对照组为66.67%(36/54),组间比较(χ2检验),观察组的疗效明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。(2)治疗后,观察组的肌力恢复正常时间、可下地行走时间及留院观察时间均较对照组明显缩短(P<0.01)。(3)治疗1个和2个疗程后,2组患者ASIA的痛觉、运动、触觉评分均较治疗前明显升高(P<0.05),且治疗2个疗程后又较治疗1个疗程后升高(P<0.05);组间比较,观察组在治疗1个和2个疗程后对ASIA的痛觉、运动、触觉评分的升高幅度均明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。(4)治疗1个和2个疗程后,2组患者的血清BDNF水平均较治疗前升高(P<0.05),NLRP3、ACS、Caspase-1蛋白和血清IL-1β、IL-18、S-100β水平均较治疗前下降(P<0.05),且治疗2个疗程后血清BDNF水平又均较治疗1个疗程后升高(P<0.05),NLRP3、ACS、Caspase-1蛋白和血清IL-1β、IL-18、S-100β水平又均较治疗1个疗程后下降(P<0.05);组间比较,观察组在治疗1个和2个疗程后对血清BDNF水平的升高幅度及对NLRP3、ACS、Caspase-1蛋白和血清IL-1β、IL-18、S-100β水平的下降幅度均明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。(5)治疗过程中,2组患者均未出现药物相关不良反应。【结论】天麻素注射液联合神经节苷脂治疗SCI患者疗效确切,可通过调控炎症小体NLRP3信号通路,减轻神经炎症反应,促进神经功能恢复,其疗效优于单纯神经节苷脂治疗。

基于蛋白质组学技术探讨通关藤注射液治疗小鼠肺癌的作用机制

目的:基于蛋白质组学技术研究通关藤注射液对小鼠肺癌组织生长情况及蛋白表达的影响,探究其作用机制。方法:40只BALB/c雄性小鼠,采用腋下接种Lewis肺癌瘤株的方法建立肺癌皮下移植瘤模型,随机分为模型组、顺铂组和通关藤注射液高、低剂量组,每组10只。分别在给药前及给药后记录小鼠肿瘤生长情况,在给药第21天时处死,眼球取血,取肿瘤组织,称量体积及瘤体质量。通过检测各组小鼠肿瘤大小,计算抑瘤率来评价肿瘤生长情况。取血清样本,采用定量蛋白质组学分析血清中蛋白表达差异的影响,并分析差异蛋白参与的信号通路。结果:与模型组相比,通关藤注射液高剂量和低剂量组肿瘤组织显著减小(P<0.01)。共定量得到6272个蛋白质,给药组与模型组之间有176个差异蛋白(上调59个,下调117个),这些差异蛋白的功能主要为基因表达、细胞生物合成、DNA模板转录等;对差异蛋白富集的信号通路进行分析可知,PI3K/Akt信号通路、HIF-1信号通路、ErbB信号通路、心肌收缩、志贺菌病、系统性红斑狼疮、胰岛素信号通路、不同环境中的微生物代谢、cAMP信号通路、信使核糖核酸监测通路等通路可能与肿瘤细胞的增殖、存活有密切关系。结论:通关藤注射液抑制肺癌小鼠肿瘤生长的作用机制,可能通过调节关键蛋白影响基因表达、细胞生物合成、DNA模板转录等过程,与PI3K/Akt信号通路、HIF-1信号通路、ErbB信号通路等通路密切相关。

血必净注射液调控HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB通路对脓毒症小鼠肺损伤的保护作用

目的 研究血必净注射液调控高迁移率族蛋白1(HMGB1)/Toll样受体4(TLR4)/核因子-κB(NF-κB)通路对脓毒症小鼠肺损伤的保护作用。方法 雄性C57BL/6小鼠随机分为对照组,模型组和低、中、高剂量血必净组,阴性对照(NC)组,NC+模型组,NC+高剂量血必净组,HMGB1+高剂量血必净组。采用盲肠结扎穿孔术建立脓毒症肺损伤模型,造模前给予NC慢病毒或HMGB1慢病毒尾静脉注射,造模当天给予血必净注射液(剂量5、10、15mL/kg)腹腔注射,2次/d,连续3 d,末次给药后24 h进行取材和检测。比较各组间肺组织病理改变,湿重(W)/干重(D)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)含量,裂解型Caspase-3、HMGB1、TLR4、NF-κB表达水平的差异。结果 模型组小鼠肺组织出现肺损伤的病理改变,W/D、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、MDA的含量及裂解型Caspase-3、HMGB1、TLR4、NF-κB的表达水平均高于对照组,SOD的含量低于对照组(P<0.05)。不同剂量血必净组小鼠肺损伤的病理改变减轻,W/D、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、MDA的含量及裂解型Caspase-3、HMGB1、TLR4、NF-κB的表达水平低于模型组,SOD的含量高于模型组(P<0.05)。HMGB1+高剂量血必净组小鼠肺损伤的病理改变加重,W/D、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、MDA的含量及裂解型Caspase-3、HMGB1、TLR4、NF-κB的表达水平均高于NC+高剂量血必净组,SOD的含量低于NC+高剂量血必净组(P<0.05)。结论 血必净注射液对脓毒症小鼠肺损伤具有保护作用,并减轻炎症反应、氧化应激、细胞凋亡,其相关的分子机制为抑制HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB通路。

基于AMPK/mTOR通路探讨注射用益气复脉对TBHP诱导H9c2细胞损伤的保护作用

目的:探讨注射用益气复脉(YQFM)通过AMPK/mTOR信号通路调控自噬减轻叔丁基过氧化氢(TBHP)所致H9c2心肌细胞损伤的机制。方法:体外培养H9c2心肌细胞,分为正常对照组、TBHP组、TBHP+YQFM组。CCK-8法检测各组H9c2心肌细胞存活率;免疫荧光检测细胞自噬情况;免疫印迹法检测各组细胞自噬相关蛋白LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ及AMPK/mTOR通路相关蛋白表达。结果:用2、4、8、16 g/L的YQFM预处理后,可显著恢复TBHP诱导的H9c2细胞损伤;免疫荧光染色结果显示,与正常对照组相比,TBHP组细胞LC3荧光强度显著升高(P<0.01);与TBHP组相比,TBHP+YQFM组LC3荧光强度降低,其中2 g/L YQFM组具有显著性(P<0.05)。Western blot检测结果显示:TBHP组p-AMPK/AMPK、LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ表达显著增加,p-mTOR/mTOR比率显著降低;YQFM预处理使自噬相关蛋白p-AMPK/AMPK、LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ比率明显降低,4 g/L YQFM组p-mTOR/mTOR比率明显升高。结论:注射用益气复脉能有效拮抗TBHP引起的H9c2细胞损伤,其机制与通过AMPK/mTOR信号通路调控自噬途径有关。

一种优化高频注入法PMSM无位置传感器控制

传统高频信号注入法采用带通滤波器分离信号,龙伯格观测器利用所得信号计算出转子位置,考虑到带通滤波器设计复杂且使高频信号幅值产生衰减,同时龙伯格观测器需要电机转矩反馈、转动惯量等多种机械参数,这些因素干扰电机控制系统的动态性能等。采用基于低通滤波器的信号分离方法可在不损失高频信号得到含转子位置信号;利用电机的转速、转子位置角以及其角加速度之间关系构建扩张状态观测器,可以避免测量负载转矩和对不确定扰动的估计。仿真及实验结果表明,该优化策略能够使电机在低速控制时稳定运行,且具有更好的低速动态性能。

船舶综合电力系统绝缘电阻在线检测方法

当前采用中压直流供配电的船舶综合电力系统,在发电机端和负载端均存在接地电阻,对其电网绝缘电阻的在线检测产生较大影响。为此,提出一种改进注入法在线绝缘检测方案,通过外加电源和负载状态量获取的方式,排除系统接地电阻带来的影响。首先,在整流发电机接地电阻处,分别正向和反向并联直流电源,采用电源叠加法得到系统绝缘电阻解析表达式;然后,利用实时获取的变频器接地电阻柜的开关状态,折算直流母线实时的绝缘电阻值;最后,搭建了全系统仿真模型并进行了验证。研究结果表明:所提方案测量精度满足工程需求,为综合电力系统母线绝缘的在线检测提供了理论基础。

基于JAK2-STAT3信号通路探讨热毒宁注射液治疗大鼠急性肺损伤的作用机制

目的:探讨热毒宁注射液通过调节JAK2-STAT3信号通路干预急性肺损伤(ALI)大鼠作用机制。方法:30只Wistar大鼠随机分为五组,分别为模型对照组、空白对照组、地塞米松组、热毒宁高剂量组和热毒宁低剂量组。每组大鼠均进行腹腔注射给药,每日1次,连续5 d,末次给药后,采用脂多糖滴注咽后壁气管建立ALI大鼠模型。造模24 h后,比较各组大鼠动脉氧分压,HE染色法观察肺组织的病理学改变,ELISA法检测大鼠肺组织肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)的表达水平,Western blot测定各组大鼠肺组织JAK2、p-JAK2、STAT3、p-STAT3蛋白表达水平。结果:与空白对照组比较,模型对照组大鼠PaO 2水平明显下降,病理评分升高,PaCO 2、IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α水平、JAK2、p-JAK2、STAT3、p-STAT3蛋白表达升高(均P<0.05)。与模型对照组比较,地塞米松组和热毒宁高剂量组大鼠PaO 2水平升高,病理评分下降,PaCO 2、IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α水平、JAK2、p-JAK2、STAT3、p-STAT3蛋白表达降低(均P<0.05)。结论:热毒宁注射液对ALI大鼠有保护作用,其机制可能与调节JAK2-STAT3信号通路的活化、降低炎症反应有关。

基于高频注入法的同步磁阻电机无位置传感器控制

同步磁阻电机是一种结构简单耐用、造价较低的特殊同步电机,近年来逐渐受到关注。将旋转高频电压注入法无位置传感器控制技术应用于同步磁阻电机,研究无带通滤波器同步磁阻电机位置辨识策略,以简化控制算法,降低位置辨识误差,减轻处理器的运算压力。同时在实验中,分奇偶周期分别注入基波电压和高频电压,以充分利用实验电源容量。在Matlab/Simulink环境下搭建仿真模型,同时搭建1.2 kW样机的硬件测试平台,仿真和实验结果都验证了简化的无位置传感器矢量控制算法的有效性和准确性。

银杏内酯治疗缺血性脑卒中的临床疗效及作用机制研究

目的观察银杏内酯治疗缺血性脑卒中的临床疗效,并探究其改善大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤预后的机制。方法临床研究中,收集2022年1月至2023年9月安徽医科大学第一附属医院北区住院部60例缺血性脑卒中患者,按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,各30例。对照组常规使用抗血小板药物、调脂稳斑、降血压、神经功能保护药物,观察组在此基础上联用银杏内酯注射液,疗程为10天。对比两组患者治疗前后神经功能(NIHSS)评分、临床疗效、日常生活活动能力(Barthel)评分及外周血单核细胞(PBMC)中Kelch样ECH关联蛋白1(Keap1)和核因子E2相关因子2(Nrf2)基因及蛋白表达水平。在动物实验中,30只SPF级雄性SD大鼠采用Zea-Longa线栓法建立大鼠脑缺血模型,所有大鼠分为假手术组(NC组)、模型组、银杏内酯组,各10只。以Zea-Longa评分法评估各组大鼠神经功能损伤程度,HE染色检测脑组织病理学改变,TTC染色检测脑梗死体积百分率,ELISA法检测脑组织和血清中白细胞介素(IL)-2和IL-6及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平,Real-time PCR和Western blot方法分别检测脑组织和PBMC中Keap1和Nrf2基因及蛋白表达水平。结果临床研究中,观察组总有效率(93.33%)高于对照组(70.00%)(P<0.05)。与对照组治疗后相比,观察组治疗后NIHSS评分显著降低(P<0.05),Barthel指数评分显著升高(P<0.01),Keap1蛋白表达水平明显下调(P<0.01),Nrf2mRNA及蛋白水平明显上调(P<0.01)。动物实验中,与模型组比较,银杏内酯组大鼠神经功能评分显著降低(P<0.01);大鼠脑组织病理状况显著改善;脑组织梗死体积缩小(P>0.05);脑组织匀浆及血清中炎性因子TNF-α、IL-2、IL-6表达均明显下调(P<0.01);脑组织及PBMC中Keap1mRNA及蛋白表达水平明显下调(P<0.01),Nrf2mRNA及蛋白表达水平明显上调(P<0.01)。结论银杏内酯可能通过Keap1/Nrf2信号通路,抑制氧化应激和炎症反应,改善脑卒中血脑屏障功能,降低脑损伤,提高神经功能。

Shuxuening Injection Inhibits Apoptosis and Reduces Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats through PI3K/AKT Pathway

Objective: To investigate the main components and potential mechanism of Shuxuening Injection(SXNI) in the treatment of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury(MIRI) through network pharmacology and in vivo research. Methods: The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology(TCMSP) and Pharm Mapper databases were used to extract and evaluate the effective components of Ginkgo biloba leaves, the main component of SXNI. The Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man(OMIM) and Gene Cards databases were searched for disease targets and obtain the drug target and disease target intersections. The active ingredient-target network was built using Cytoscape 3.9.1 software. The STRING database, Metascape online platform, and R language were used to obtain the key targets and signaling pathways of the anti-MIRI effects of SXNI. In order to verify the therapeutic effect of different concentrations of SXNI on MIRI in rats, 60 rats were first divided into 5 groups according to random number table method: the sham operation group, the model group, SXNI low-dose(3.68 mg/kg), medium-dose(7.35 mg/kg), and high-dose(14.7 mg/kg) groups, with 12 rats in each group. Then, another 60 rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: the sham operation group, the model group, SXNI group(14.7 mg/kg), SXNI+LY294002 group,and LY294002 group, with 12 rats in each group. The drug was then administered intraperitoneally at body weight for 14 days. The main biological processes were validated using in vivo testing. Evans blue/triphenyltetrazolium chloride(TTC) double staining, hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase d UTP nick end labeling(TUNEL) assay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA), and Western blot analysis were used to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of SXNI in MIRI rats. Results: Eleven core targets and 30 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathways were selected. Among these, the phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT) pathway was closely related to SXNI treatment of MIRI. In vivo experiments showed that SXNI reduced the myocardial infarction area in the model group, improved rat heart pathological damage, and reduced the cardiomyocyte apoptosis rate(all P<0.01). After SXNI treatment, the p-PI3K/PI3K and p-AKT/AKT ratios as well as B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2) protein expression in cardiomyocytes were increased, while the Bax and cleaved caspase 3 protein expression levels were decreased(all P<0.05). LY294002 partially reversed the protective effect of SXNI on MIRI. Conclusion: SXNI protects against MIRI by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

基于高频信号注入的同步磁阻电机无位置传感器控制

针对同步磁阻电机定子电感具有电磁饱和、交叉耦合等特点带来的电机参数非线性问题,提出了一种递推最小二乘法与脉振高频电流信号注入相结合的无位置传感器控制方法,其原理是将幅值固定的高频正弦电流信号注入到同步磁阻电机观测坐标系直轴内,在交轴提取含有转子位置信息的电压信号,采用带遗忘因子的递推最小二乘法进行电机电阻与电感参数的在线辨识,可实现电机的无位置传感器控制。仿真与台架试验验证了所提方法的准确性与实用性。

灯盏细辛注射液通过调节JAK2/STAT3信号通路抗脑卒中大鼠神经损伤的研究

[目的]探讨灯盏细辛注射液(EBI)对脑卒中大鼠的神经保护作用及在该过程中对Janus激酶2(JAK2)/信号转导子和转录激活子3(STAT3)信号通路的调节机制。[方法]通过大脑中动脉闭塞(MCAO)建立缺血性脑卒中大鼠模型,然后将造模成功的大鼠随机分为模型组、尼莫地平组、EBI组、JAK2抑制剂组(AG490组)和EBI+JAK2激动剂组(EBI+CA1组),每组20只,另外选取20只大鼠只暴露颈动脉不进行结扎作为假手术组。利用神经功能缺损评分评估大鼠神经功能;2,3,5-三苯基氯化四氮唑(TTC)染色检测大鼠脑梗死面积;苏木精-伊红(HE)和尼氏(Nissl)染色检测大鼠脑组织的病理性形态;TUNEL染色检测大鼠脑组织中神经细胞凋亡情况;酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)检测大鼠脑组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和丙二醛(MDA)的水平;蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测大鼠脑组织中Bax、B淋巴细胞瘤-2(Bcl-2)及JAK2、p-JAK2、STAT3、p-STAT3蛋白的表达。[结果]与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠脑梗死面积增大,神经元细胞凋亡率增加,神经缺损评分、MDA水平、Bax蛋白表达及p-JAK2/JAK2、p-STAT3/STAT3比值均升高(P<0.05),同时脑组织中神经元退化,神经元数量减少,SOD、GSH-Px活性及Bcl-2蛋白表达降低(P<0.05);与模型组相比,EBI组、尼莫地平组和AG490组大鼠脑梗死面积减小,神经元细胞凋亡率减少,神经缺损评分、MDA水平、Bax蛋白表达及p-JAK2/JAK2、p-STAT3/STAT3比值均降低(P<0.05),同时脑组织中神经元损伤减轻,神经元数量增加,SOD、GSH-Px活性及Bcl-2蛋白表达升高(P<0.05);进一步利用JAK2激动剂进行回补实验发现,EBI对大鼠神经损伤的保护作用被逆转(P<0.05)。[结论] EBI能够通过抑制JAK2/STAT3信号通路减轻脑卒中大鼠的神经损伤。