Experimental Investigation of Solar Panel Cooling by a Novel Micro Heat Pipe Array

A novel micro heat pipe array was used in solar panel cooling. Both of air-cooling and water-cooling conditions under nature convection condition were investigated in this paper. Compared with the ordinary solar panel, the maximum difference of the photoelectric conversion efficiency is 2.6%, the temperature reduces maximally by 4.7℃, the output power increases maximally by 8.4% for the solar panel with heat pipe using air-cooling, when the daily radiation value is 26.3 MJ. Compared with the solar panel with heat pipe using air-cooling, the maximum difference of the photoelectric conversion efficiency is 3%, the temperature reduces maximally by 8℃, the output power increases maximally by 13.9% for the solar panel with heat pipe using water-cooling, when the daily radiation value is 21.9 MJ.

Visual Study on Flow and Operational Characteristics of Flat Plate Closed Loop Pulsating Heat Pipes

This paper presents an experimental study including visualization on a flat plate closed loop pulsating heat pipes.It consists of a total of 40 channels with square cross section(2 mm×2 mm,165 mm long) machined directly on an aluminum plate(180 mm×120 mm×3 mm) covered by a transparent plate.The working fluid employed is ethanol.As a result,various flow patterns and their transitions are observed and found to be related to the fluid fill ratio,input heat load and the device orientation.Also the operational characteristics and working mechanism are discussed.

Parametric Influence on Thermal Performance of Flat Plate Closed Loop Pulsating Heat Pipes

This paper presents an experimental study on a flat plate closed loop pulsating heat pipes. It consisted of total 40 channels with square cross section （2 × 2 mm^2, 165 mm long） machined directly on an aluminum plate（180×120×3 nm^2）, which was covered by a transparent plate. The working fluid employed was ethanol. As the results, the influence parameters of thermal performance were investigated, such as filling ratio, heat load and operational orientations etc. Filling ratio was found to be a critical parameter, and its effect was rather complicated. According to its values the PHP plate could have four distinct working zones with different operational characteristics and heat transfer performance. The effect of heat load on thermal performance was found to be positive, and in general, iucrcasing the heat load would improve heat transfer performance. In order to analyze the effect of gravity on thermal performance, three different heat modes and total seven tilt angles were tested and compared. Successful operation at all orientations with respect to gravity was also achieved.

Experimental investigations on the heat transfer characteristics of micro heat pipe array applied to flat plate solar collector

This paper introduces a novel fiat plate solar collector （FPC） using micro heat pipe array （MHPA） as a key element. To analyze the thermal transfer behavior of flat plate solar collector with micro heat pipe array （MHPA-FPC）, an indoor experiment for thermal transfer characteristic of MHPA applied to FPC was conducted by using an electrical heating film to simulate the solar radiation. Different cooling water flow rates, cooling water temperatures, slopes, and contact thermal resistances be- tween the condenser of MHPA and the heat exchanger were tested at different heating powers. The experimental results in- dicate that MHPA-FPC exhibits the enhanced heat transfer capability with increased cooling water flow rate and temperature. Total thermal resistance has a maximum decline of approximately 10% when the flow rate increases from 180 to 360 L h-1 and 38% when the cooling water temperature increases from 20~C to 40~C. When the inclination angle of MHPA-FPC ex- ceeds 30~, the slope change has a negligible effect on the heat transfer performance of MHPA-FPC. In addition, contact thermal resistance significantly affects the heat transfer capability of MHPA-FPC. The total thermal resistances lowers to nearly half of the original level when contact material between the condenser of MHPA and the heat exchanger changes from conductive silicone to conductive grease. These results could provide useful information for the optimal design and operation of MHPA-FPC.

低温辐射微槽道热管散热器传热性能研究

为研究低温辐射微槽道热管散热器的传热性能,首先,搭建了基于水-空气传热途径的微槽道热管散热器实验系统并进行了实测,结果显示,散热端热管阵列尺寸为0.9 m×0.5 m×0.003 m的散热器在测试条件下稳定工作时,其传热功率约为273W;然后,建立了该散热器传热过程的热阻分析模型,给出了微槽道热管散热器的三大部分热阻及其所包含的各个细分热阻的计算公式,以及依据实验数据计算了相应热阻值;最后,通过各个细分热阻的比较,分析了该系统传热过程的薄弱环节,并针对性地提出了强化传热措施。

Numerical and Experimental Investigation on the Performance of Battery Thermal Management System Based on Micro Heat Pipe Array

Battery thermal management is very crucial for the safe and long-term operation of electric vehicles or hybrid electric vehicles.In this study,numerical simulation method is adopted to simulate the temperature field of Li-ion battery cell and module.It is proved that the maximum temperature and maximum temperature difference of battery cell and module increase with the increase of charge/discharge rate(C-rate)of the battery.For battery module,it can reach a maximum temperature of 61.1℃at a C-rate of 2 under natural convection condition with the ambient temperature of 20.0℃.A battery thermal management system based on micro heat pipe array(BTMS-MHPA)is deeply investigated.Experiments are conducted to compare the cooling effect on the battery module with different cooling methods,which include natural cooling,only MHPA,MHPA with fan.The maximum temperature of battery module which is cooled by MHPA with a fan is 43.4℃at a C-rate of 2,which is lower than that in the condition of natural cooling.Meanwhile,the maximum temperature difference was also greatly reduced by the application of MHPA cooling.The experimental results confirm that the feasibility and superiority of the BTMS-MHPA for guaranteeing the working temperature range and temperature uniformity of the battery.

Performance simulation and optimization of new radiant floor heating based on micro heat pipe array

This paper proposes two new radiant floor heating structures based on micro heat pipe array(MHPA),namely cement-tile floor and keel-wood floor.The numerical models for these different floor structures are established and verified by experiments.The temperature distribution and heat transfer process of each part are comprehensively obtained,and the structure is optimized.The results show that the cement-tile floor has the better heat transfer performance of the two.When under the same inlet water temperature and flow rate,the keel-wood floor's surface temperature distribution is about 2℃ lower than that of the cement-tile floor.The inlet water temperature of cement-tile floor is about 10℃ lower than that of keel-wood structure when the floor surface temperature is the same.During a longitudinal heat transfer above MHPA,the floor surface temperature decreases by 0.5℃ for every 10 mm filling layer increase.In order to reduce the non-uniformity of the floor's surface temperature and improve the thermal comfort of the heated room,the optimal structure for a floor is given,with the maximum surface temperature difference reduced by 3.35℃.We used research focusing on new radiant floor heating,with advantages including high efficiency heat transfer,low water supply temperature,simple waterway structure,low resistance and leakage risk,to provide theory and data to support the application of an effective radiant floor heating based on MHPA.

Thermal Performance of a Micro Heat Pipe Array for Battery Thermal Management Under Special Vehicle-Operating Conditions

The thermal management of battery systems is critical for maintaining the energy storage capacity,life span,and thermal safety of batteries used in electric vehicles,because the operating temperature is a key factor affecting battery performance.Excessive temperature rises and large temperature differences accelerate the degradation rate of such batteries.Currently,the increasing demand for fast charging and special on-vehicle scenarios has increased the heat dissipation requirements of battery thermal management systems.To address this demand,this work proposes a novel micro heat pipe array(MHPA)for thermal management under a broadened research scope,including high heat generation rates,large tilt angles,mild vibration,and distributed heat generation conditions.The experimental results indicate that the temperature difference is maintained 3.44°C at a large heat generation of 50 W for a limited range of tilt angles.Furthermore,a mild vehicle vibra-tion condition was found to improve temperature uniformity by 3.3°C at a heat generation of 10 W.However,the use of distributed heat sources results in a temperature variation of 3.88°C,suggesting that the heat generation distribution needs to be considered in thermal analyses.Understanding the effects of these special battery-operating conditions on the MHPA could significantly contribute to the enhancement of heat transfer capability and temperature uniformity improvement of battery thermal management systems based on heat pipe technologies.This would facilitate the realization of meeting the higher requirements of future battery systems.

飞秒激光选区微织构AlN超浸润平板热管

目的为了提升AlN基板的散热性能,研究嵌入式一体化AlN平板热管的激光加工方法。方法通过飞秒激光微织构技术结合热处理工艺制备出AlN亲疏水组合表面,并组装嵌入式一体化平板热管,测试其传热性能。通过三维表面轮廓仪、SEM、EDS和XPS分别分析表面的三维轮廓、形貌、元素含量和化学成分,研究表面亲、疏水的形成机理。结果楔形亲疏组合AlN平板热管的启动时间、启动温度均最低,相较于全超亲水样品,启动时间降低了14.9%,启动温度降低了6.0%。楔形亲疏组合热管的热阻最低,热流密度最高。相较于全亲水热管,热阻降低了33%,热流密度提升了2%。结论AlN陶瓷表面经过激光织构会产生AlOx(多价铝氧化物),具有较高的表面能,呈超亲水状态。热处理能使表面充分氧化,降低表面能,呈超疏水状态。嵌入一体化AlN平板热管的设计和无化学激光选区微织构方法,为电子陶瓷基板的散热提供了一种新思路。

倾角对平板型LHP 运行性能的影响

通过改变内部毛细芯结构达到改善环路热管性能、减小环路热管体积的目的,取消储液腔,将传统的长矩形蒸汽槽道更改为特斯拉阀形状,并且将蒸发器进出口设置在蒸发器两侧。研究该热管在不同倾角下的启动性能、运行特性。结果显示:相对于0°倾角运行,倾角的存在能够减少环路热管的启动时间,降低蒸发器温度,存在倾角的条件下启动特性差别不大。随着功率的增加,不同倾角的环路热管热阻减小,仅在倾角(10°以下)较低时有较大的热阻。随着倾角的增加,环路热管热阻随功率的变化无较大改变。

U型平板微热管LED散热器散热性能分析

针对目前LED表面发热量较大,局部温度过高,而导致其使用寿命减少的问题,该研究以平板微热管为核心传热元件,与锯齿形翅片结合,设计了一种U型平板微热管散热器。采用试验和仿真模拟相结合的方法,对不同风速、翅片结构、翅高及翅间距等关键影响因素进行分析。结果表明:通过对比分析U型平板微热管在两种室外工况下各测点试验值和模拟值,散热稳定后温度的最大误差分别为4.2%和6.7%,验证了模型的可靠性。风速分别为0.5和3.0 m/s时,锯齿型翅片都具有良好的散热性能。当风速为3.0 m/s时,锯齿型翅片、W型翅片、直翅片散热器稳定后热源温度分别为34.3、35.5和39.1℃。为找到最佳工况和结构,进行了正交分析,当室外风速为3.5 m/s,锯齿型翅片翅高为12 mm,翅间距为8 mm时,U型热管具有较佳的散热性能。研究结果可为LED散热系统的设计提供数据参考和设计思路,拓宽LED光源的应用范围。

平板型环路热管研究现状及发展趋势

平板型环路热管是一种具有平板蒸发器的环路结构热管器件,其利用气液相变原理进行高效热传递。由于平板型环路热管更符合先进电子技术的发展趋势,并具有优异的远距离热传输性能,在航天飞行器、电子设备冷却、余热回收利用等领域具备广阔的应用前景。因此,文章综述了近年来研究者在平板型环路热管的吸液芯、工质、工作特性、理论模型以及异型结构等方面所做出的努力,总结了平板型环路热管上述方向的发展现状,提出平板型环路热管的未来发展趋势,助力先进两相散热技术发展。

平板微热管阵列换热器的研究现状与展望

平板微热管阵列换热器作为一种高效的传热设备,在当前节能减排的背景下具有广阔的应用前景。本文主要针对平板微热管阵列换热器的优化研究应用现状进行总结分析,得出其传热性能主要影响因素有:平板微热管阵列的微槽尺寸、工质选择、充液率、倾斜角度及换热器的翅片结构尺寸、热流量、运行温度、流动特性等,这些都会对其产生性能影响。在上述性能影响因素当中,对于平板微热管阵列换热器翅片结构尺寸参数的优化研究相对来说仍然较少,需要进一步的重视和探究。

高寒地区平板热管式太阳能集热系统热性能研究

基于呼和浩特地区高寒气候条件,搭建两组完全一致的平板热管式太阳能集热系统,通过实验对比分析太阳辐射强度、传热工质流量、集热板表面积尘等因素对集热器瞬时集热效率以及系统热性能的影响。结果表明,在同等外界条件下,集热器的集热效率随着工质流量的增加而增大,集热效率与太阳辐射强度变化趋势相近,随积尘密度的增加,集热板表面积尘导致系统的得热量减少,集热性能下降。

蒸发冷凝长度比对不同微槽平板铝热管热性能的影响

为研究不同蒸发段和冷凝段长度比值对平板铝热管热性能的影响,通过实验分析了相同截面尺寸、相同填充工质、矩形微槽道和三角形微槽道的平板热管90°安装,以及采用连续递增的输入热流和冷凝段强制风冷换热时,9种不同比值对平板热管热性能的影响。研究结果表明:提出的平板微槽道热管蒸发段冷凝段长度比值对平板微槽道热管热性能的影响明显。优选的两种类型蒸发段冷凝段长度比值在0.8~1.25范围内,传热性能良好。对比不同微槽道的平板热管发现,同等条件下矩形微槽道平板热管的传热性能优于三角形微槽道平板热管,并提出蒸发段冷凝段长度比值的最佳值为1,建议应用设计中蒸发段冷凝段长度比值范围为0.8~1.0。研究结果可对平板微槽道热管应用系统的设计提供准确参考。

基于TEC和平板热管的LED散热器结构优化设计

LED结温对其寿命和光效具有显著影响。高效的热管理对保持LED的性能稳定非常重要。为了有效降低LED结温、满足散热需求及特定场所的应用需求,结合热电冷却器(TEC)和平板热管(FPHP)重新设计了散热器结构,利用响应面法构建了针对散热器参数的双目标函数,通过非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-II)求得Pareto最优解。基于散热器结构的最优值对TEC电流进行单因素优化分析,结果表明,优化后的LED最高结温比不采用TEC时的LED最高结温降低了23.3%,充分证明了优化散热器结构的有效性。

平板微热管阵列及其传热特性

研制了结构紧凑的带有微结构的平板微热管阵列,并对其充装不同工质时的传热性能进行测试。同时对热管内充装不同工质时的热通量进行了测试。结果表明,在使用甲醇、乙醇、丙酮、R141b为工质的情况下该平板微热管阵列的散热效果良好,其中甲醇为工质的散热器在保证芯片表面正常的工作温度下的最大热通量及总热量输运能力分别达到102W·cm-2及102W以上。最高热通量可达200W·cm-2。以甲醇为工质的不同充液率实验表明,平板微热管阵列的热通量随充液率的不同而有所变化,最佳充液率为0.3。

重力对微槽平板热管传热性能的影响

系统地研究了重力对微槽平板热管传热性能的影响 ,分析了工作温度、冷却方式和倾角等影响因素。通过对比实验发现重力对热管的轴向液膜分布影响非常明显 ,在周向只在大充液率时有明显的影响 ,从而使得倾角较大地影响了热管的传热能力。研究表明深槽平板热管具有优良的传热性能 。

三种微槽结构的平板热管的传热性能实验研究

对三种微槽平板热管的传热性能进行了实验研究,分析了充液率、工质的种类、槽道形状对微槽平板热管传热性能的影响。得到了深槽平板热管的最优充液率范围,证明了深槽平板热管具有更加优良的传热性能。

一种新型微热管传热性能的实验研究

对一种新型的平板式微热管-零切角曲面微热管进行了实验研究。以热阻为基础,研究不同倾角、工质、充液比下微热管的热性能。为便于分析,将热管总热阻分解为4个部分:加热热阻、蒸发段热阻、冷凝段热阻和热沉热阻。通过实验得出如下结论:微热管总热阻的主要变化因素是冷凝段热阻和蒸发段热阻;与相应的无工质平板式换热器相比,实验件主要热阻变为热沉热阻,蒸发段和冷凝段热阻所占比例较低。根据不同的充液比和倾角,微热管传热极限分别由局部干烧和核态沸腾向膜态沸腾转化引起。实验表明,这种新型的微热管具有良好的应用前景,但是对于其机理还需要更深入的研究。