Dynamic characteristics of cold rolling mill and strip based on flatness and thickness control in rolling process

The dynamic model of cold rolling mill based on strip flatness and thickness integrated control was proposed,containing the following sub-models:the rolling process model,the dynamic model of rolls along axial direction,and the compensation model.Based on the rule of volume flow rate,the dynamic rolling process model was built.The work roll and backup roll were taken as elastic continuous bodies,the effect of shear and moment of inertia were taken into consideration,and then the dynamic model of rolls was built.The two models were coupled together,and the dynamic model of rolling mill was built.In the dynamic model,the thermal expansion of the rolls,the wear of the rolls and other related parameters can not be considered.In order to compensate the dynamic model,the coupled static model of rolls and strip was applied.Then,according to the inner relationship of these models,the dynamic model and the compensation model were coupled,and the dynamic model of rolling mill based on the strip flatness and thickness integrated control was built.The dynamic simulation of the rolling process was made,and the dynamic thickness and the dynamic flatness information were obtained.This model not only provides a theory basis for the virtual rolling,but also provides a platform for the application of advanced control theory.

Flatness Control Based on Dynamic Effective Matrix for Cold Strip Mills

Steel strips are the main of steel products and flatness is an important quality indicator of steel strips. Flatness control is the key and highly difficult technique of strip mills. The bottle-neck restricting the improvement of flatness control techniques is that the research on flatness theories and control mathematic models is not in accordance with the requirement of technique developments. To build a simple, rapid and accurate explicit formulation control model has become an urgent need for the development of flatness control technique. This paper puts forward the conception of dynamic effective matrix based on the effective matrix method for flatness control proposed by the authors under the consideration of the influence of the change of parameters in roiling processes on the effective matrix, and the concept is validated by industrial productions. Three methods of the effective matrix generation are induced： the calculation method based on the flatness prediction model; the calculation method based on the data excavation in rolling processes and the direct calculation method based on the network model. A fuzzy neural network effective matrix model is built based on the clusters, and then the network structure is optimized and the high-speed-calculation problem of the dynamic effective matrix is solved. The flatness control scheme for cold strip mills is proposed based on the dynamic effective matrix. On stand 5 of the 1 220 mm five-stand 4-high cold strip tandem mill, the industrial experiment with the control methods of tilting roll and bending roll is done by the control scheme of the static effective matrix and the dynamic effective matrix, respectively. The experiment result proves that the control effect of the dynamic effective matrix is much better than that of the static effective matrix. This paper proposes a new idea and method for the dynamic flatness control in the rolling processes of cold strip mills and develops the theory and model of the flatness control effective matrix method.

SI-FLAT板形仪激振频率设定

SI-FLAT板形仪是国内宽带钢冷连轧机首次采用的非接触式工业用板形仪,但实际使用过程中发现,对于常轧规格的带钢,其激振频率设定始终为同一固定值,激振力仅随张应力的变化而变化,导致板形控制不稳定,激振频率的设置严重影响着板形检测的精度.本文在分析现场实际生产数据的基础上,提出了激振频率的设置应该遵循的两个基本原则,即振幅控制原则和检测间隔控制原则.为了对带钢振动进行固有频率和受迫振动振幅的分析和计算,采用大型有限元软件ANSYS12.0建立了带钢振动仿真模型,分析了带钢板形、宽度、厚度、张应力等因素所导致的带钢固有频率波动对带钢振幅的影响.研究发现,张应力和板形对带钢固有频率的影响较大.最后,基于振幅控制原则和检测间隔控制原则提出了可行性方案,即通过限制最小张应力,减小板形对测量结果的影响;同时为了控制最小检测间隔,便于对板形的在线控制,激振频率的大小应根据带钢速度进行调节设定.

带钢热轧过程中残余应力的数值模拟

带钢内部纵向残余应力沿宽度分布不均会造成平坦度缺陷,严重影响带钢的板形质量在传统的残余应力解析计算方法中,大都忽略金属横向流动的作用为了解决这一问题,采用有限元方法,基于某1780mm热轧生产线,建立了三维弹塑性有限元计算模型,充分考虑金属横向流动对残余应力的影响,探究了残余应力在机架间的演变以及不同比例凸度变化下带钢的残余应力状态结果表明:残余应力在机架间发生反转金属横向流动会减小纵向应变差,从而达到减小纵向残余压应力的目的,当比例凸度增加至05%~115%时,残余压应力最小.

Theoretical and numerical research on effect of tension mechanisms in strip flatness electromagnetic control rolling mills

To achieve stable rolling,the influence of a tension mechanism of a large diameter ratio roll system on the rolling process of a strip flatness electromagnetic control rolling mill is studied.Through the analysis of the rolling deformation zone,the deformation zone composition form of a large diameter ratio roll system and a calculation formula of neutral angle under tension are proposed.To analyze the effect of front and post tensions on the rolling characteristic and the strip flatness control characteristic,a three-dimensional rolling finite element(FE)model of a large diameter ratio roll system with the function of roll profile electromagnetic control is established by FE software and verified by a strip flatness electromagnetic control rolling mill.Based on the model,the strip thickness characteristic,metal transverse flow,strip flatness state,and adjustment range of the loaded roll gap are analyzed for different front and post tensions setting values.The results show that changing the front or post tension setting values can improve the single-pass reduction rate of a large diameter ratio roll system and have little effect on the flatness control ability of the strip flatness electromagnetic control rolling mill.

冷轧铜带板形控制系统数字孪生研究

本文以冷轧铜带板形控制的物理系统为基础,采用机理分析与数据智能协同建模方法,应用在线传感、互联网、云服务、大数据、虚拟仿真、机器学习等技术,研发了一套冷轧铜带板形控制数字孪生系统,实现了与物理系统的实时互动,形成了面向板形控制的信息物理系统。该系统实现在600 mm四辊轧机和600 mm六辊轧机上的工业应用。结果表明:冷轧铜带板形控制数字孪生系统不仅可以实时监控和优化轧制过程,提高板形控制水平和质量,而且可以预警轧制故障,提高轧机运行的稳定性和安全性。该系统为研发新一代冷轧带材板形智能控制技术,提供新的思路方法和应用场景。

非接触型板形仪Si-flat的测量原理及应用

板形仪是冷轧生产线上的重要设备,其工作效果对带钢表面质量有很大影响。目前冷轧线上使用的板形仪多为接触式,其使用有一定的缺陷。Si-flat板形仪克服了这些缺陷,并能达到测量要求。对Si-flat板形仪结构和测量过程进行了描述,并对其关键的元件进行了详细的讨论,突出Si-flat板形仪测量的特点。

Numerical Simulation of Continuous Tension Leveling Process of Thin Strip Steel and Its Application

Cold-rolled thin strip steel of high flatness quality undergoes multistage deformation during tension leveling. Thus, the parameters of set-up and manipulating are more difficult. With the aid of FE code MSC. MARC, the tension leveling process of thin strip steel was numerically simulated. Concentrating on the influence of the roll intermeshes in 2# anti-cambering on the distribution and magnitude of residual stresses in leveled strip steel, several experiments were clone with the tension leveler based on the results from the simulation. It was found from the simulation that the magnitude of longitudinal residual stresses in the cross-section of the leveled strip steel regularly presents obvious interdependence with the roll intermeshes in 2# anti-cambering. In addition, there is a steady zone as the longitudinal residual stresses of the surface layers in leveled strip steel vary with the roll intermeshes of 2# anticambering, which is of importance in the manipulation of tension levelers. It was also found that the distribution of strains and stresses across the width of strip steel is uneven during leveling or after removing the tension loaded upon the strip, from which it was found that 3D simulation could not be replaced by 2D analysis because 2D analysis in this case cannot represent the physical behavior of strip steel deformation during tension leveling.

Shape Setup System for 1700 Hot Strip Mill

Shape setup （SSU） system is the core technology for hot strip mill （HSM）. A precise SSU system was used to improve the strip quality for HSM. The function of SSU, setup, and feedback was introduced. The main mathematical models of roll gap profile and longitudinal strain difference are set up. Strip profile allocation strategy was researched according to the SSU system of a domestic 1 700 mm HSM. The SSU system was put into practical use and the measurement results showed that strip flatness variation and strip profile variation could be controlled in target scope.

Industrial trial of strip-casting weathering steel

Baostrip has chosen a steel-grade weathering steel for industrial trial. By carefully designing the composition and manufacturing process,qualified weathering-steel products have been successfully produced on the Ningbosteel-Baosteel strip casting industrialization demo project( NBS) production line. The industrialized practice of Baostrip shows the following: The surface microstructure of weathering-steel products is polygonal ferrite +pearlite,and that of the center is acicular ferrite. After single-stand on-line hot rolling at a 26% low pressure rate,the thickness tolerance ratio controlled within ± 25 μm reaches 99. 6%. The surface convexity and the wedge can be controlled to | C40 |< 50 μm and | W40 |< 30 μm,respectively. The mechanical properties of the strip are superior,exhibiting a yield strength range of( 430 ± 50) MPa,a tensile strength range of( 550 ± 50) MPa,and an elongation range of( 27 ± 5)%. The corrosion resistance is equivalent to that of current commercial atmospheric corrosion-resistant steels,with a relative corrosion rate of 43%. When used,the weathering steel produced by the strip-casting process meets the strict quality and usage requirements of container steel sheets.

明挖预制装配式隧道结构拼装设计方法及关键技术

明挖施工条件下的预制装配式隧道结构,其拼装技术与装配整体式结构或盾构隧道均存在较大差别。在工程设计阶段,需要根据结构型式和装配模式,对拼装进行详细的规划和设计,以支撑高质量、高效率施工,并确保结构承载性能和稳定性,同时满足接头接缝防水性能要求。拼装关键技术包括拼装方法、基面精平技术、定位控制技术、张拉锁紧技术、支顶限位措施、精度控制标准等方面。明挖装配式隧道结构的拼装应以首环固定端为起点,沿纵向推进,遵循“先下后上”并逐块、逐层向上的拼装原则;基坑底部基面应进行精平处理,并根据地基条件和底板结构型式,采用精平条带法或基面统平法;隧道衬砌结构宜在接头拼接面设置一定数量的导向定位装置,在辅助构件精确定位的同时,有效控制结构表面错台量;明挖装配式隧道宜设置在直线上,当隧道位于曲线地段时,可采用“楔形构件+等宽缝”或“等宽构件+楔形缝”的方式拟合曲线;张拉锁紧措施主要有预应力钢棒张拉锁紧和螺栓锁紧方式,预应力张拉宜采用“形心跟踪法”,并应多点协同、同步张拉锁紧,保持接缝宽度的均匀性,有效控制目标接缝张开量,并对预制底板下空隙及时注浆填充,在侧墙和拱脚等关键部位及时支顶限位。

改进有限条法在平壳条振动特性研究中的应用

针对平壳条结构的振动特性问题,通过分析有限单元法的特点和应用,将改进的傅里叶级数法与有限单元法结合实现了任意边界条件的模拟,解决了平壳条结构对其梁函数边界条件的依赖性,从而提出一种高效、准确的半解析半数值方法—改进有限条法。根据Hamilton能量变分原理,推导出有限条元的刚度矩阵和质量矩阵并进行了平壳条结构自振特性分析。通过上机编程完成数值计算,并与商业有限元软件计算得到的结果进行对比分析,验证了该方法的有效性和准确性。进一步分析了截断级数、边界弹簧刚度系数、尺寸参数对系统频率的影响规律。

大型装配式地铁车站构件连接及拼装定位关键技术研究

针对大型装配式地铁车站施工工艺进行研究,分析构件连接及拼装定位等关键技术,介绍拼装质量保证措施,并进行工艺效果分析。经研究,装配式地铁车站相较传统施工工艺工期缩短1年以上,成本较传统盖挖法和暗挖法低。该工艺技术具有较大的推广价值。

装配式叠合板后浇板带与拼缝细部节点施工技术分析

针对当前装配式叠合板后浇板带与拼缝细部节点施工问题,提出后浇板带与拼缝细部节点施工技术,解决了装配式叠合板后浇带与拼缝细部节点施工环节存在的漏浆及翘起问题,实现装配式叠合板后浇板带施工质量的全面提升。

光伏组件异形焊带的结构及可靠性研究

分别对扁平焊带、圆形焊带及三角形焊带的特点及性能进行分析,并对采用“三角形+扁平”焊带的异形焊带结构(即太阳电池正面采用三角形焊带,背面采用扁平焊带)的光伏组件进行设计开发、可靠性测试等方面的探讨。研究结果显示:采用异形焊带的光伏组件可满足电势诱导衰减测试、热斑耐久试验、热循环测试及湿冻测试等严苛测试;采用异形焊带的光伏组件比采用圆形焊带或扁平焊带的光伏组件具有更低的封装损失。

马钢CSP热连轧板形控制研究及模型开发

以马钢CSP热连轧四辊CVC轧机成品机架为研究对象,通过建立CVC轧机辊系变形有限元模型,对有载辊缝和特定工况条件下的板形影响因素进行有限元分析计算和相关性分析。通过有限元分析的结论,提出了CSP热连轧机板形预设定控制策略和控制模型。

整辊式板形仪通道耦合影响系数的标定计算模型

整辊式板形仪是冷轧带钢生产的高端仪器装备,在板形检测过程中存在通道耦合问题,准确确定影响系数是进行信号解耦的关键。根据整辊式板形仪的结构变形特点,采用弹性力学叠加原理和影响系数方法,提出通道耦合与信号解耦的机理模型。根据标定原理和方法,通过严谨的数学力学解析,提出影响系数的标定计算模型,将标定输出的电信号数字量转换为力学意义上的影响系数。标定实验证明,加载通道仅对左边两个通道和右边两个通道有明显影响,对其他通道的影响可以忽略不计。一般地,加载通道对左一、右一通道的影响系数约为0.15,对左二、右二通道的影响系数约为0.008,对其他通道的影响系数几乎为零。采用本方法确定的影响系数进行解耦,可以精确消除通道耦合的影响。对某1450 mm冷轧带钢轧机的工业应用证明,解耦的效果在带钢边部更为显著,使边部板形由松边变为紧边或紧边更紧。一般地,解耦可使边部板形纠正2.0~2.5 I的测控偏差。通过解耦,可以明显提高板形检测和控制的精度,获得良好的实物板形。

梳棉清洁用弹性针布断针与缠花的改善措施

为了解决高速梳棉机清洁用弹性针布易断针、易缠花问题,根据包覆位置介绍其类型及作用,分析回转盖板清洁罗拉弹性针布断针与回转盖板剥棉罗拉弹性针布缠花原因;通过将回转盖板剥棉罗拉弹性针布梳针线径优选为0.305 mm、成品针总高优化为20 mm,将回转盖板清洁罗拉弹性针布梳针线径优选为0.355 mm、成品针总高优化为17 mm,底布采用4层棉橡皮面+背布结构,使用重锤式弹性针布包卷装置,以及采用不锈钢钢丝等措施改进梳棉清洁用弹性针布。多家纺企使用表明:优化后的弹性针布包卷平面度好,回转盖板清洁罗拉弹性针布断针与回转盖板剥棉罗拉弹性针布缠花问题得到解决,使用寿命比优化前延长50%以上。

基于板形补偿的热轧带钢负荷分配控制研究

为提高微中浪轧制的精确度和稳定性,通过模拟计算的方法分析了不同负荷分配控制方案对精轧出口板形的影响。结果表明,精轧出口凸度随F1~F3道次压下量的主动增加而减小,随F4~F6和F7道次压下量的主动增加而增加。F1~F3道次压下量对精轧出口凸度的影响最大,F1~F3道次压下量每增加10%,板凸度减小约0.04 mm。精轧出口的平直度随F1~F3道次和F4~F6道次压下量的主动增加而增加,随F7道次压下量的主动增加而减小。F1~F3道次压下量每增加10%,平直度增大2 IU;F7道次压下量每减小10%,平直度增大1 IU。另外,主动增加F1~F3道次和F4~F6道次的压下量会增大边部与中部的内应力极差,主动增加F7道次的压下量会减小边部与中部的内应力极差。

易拉罐用铝合金带材宽幅冷轧机板形控制策略的改进

本文在阐述铝带宽幅冷轧机板形控制的基础上重点介绍了易拉罐用铝合金带材在冷轧轧制中板形的控制方法。以CVC六辊不可逆冷轧机为例介绍了不同板形控制手段的特点,并给出ABB板形仪用于易拉罐用铝合金带材轧制时控制器参数的优化方法。该方法的使用提高了产品质量,并显著降低了紧边断带率。