Preparation of Regenerated Silk Fibroin Hybrid Fibers with Hydrogen Peroxide Sensing Properties by Wet Spinning

Silk is widely used in the production of high-quality textiles.At the same time,the amount of silk textiles no longer in use and discarded is increasing,resulting in significant waste and pollution.This issue is of great concern in many countries where silk is used.Hydrogen peroxide as a naturally occurring compound is an important indicator of detection in both biology and the environment.This study aims to develop a composite fiber with hydrogen peroxide-sensing properties using discarded silk materials.To achieve this goal,firstly,polydopamine(PDA)was used to encapsulate the ZnFe_(2)O_(4) NPs to achieve the improvement of dispersion,and then regenerated silk fibroin(RSF)and PDA@ZnFe_(2)O_(4)/RSF hybrid fibers are prepared by wet spinning.Research has shown that PDA@ZnFe_(2)O_(4)/RSF demonstrates exceptional sensitivity,selectivity,and stability in detecting hydrogen peroxide,while maintaining high mechanical strength.Furthermore,the complete hybridization of PDA@ZnFe_(2)O_(4) with silk fibroin not only results in the combination of the durability of silk fibroin and PDA@ZnFe_(2)O_(4)’s rigidity,ensuring a reliable service life,but also makes PDA@ZnFe_(2)O_(4)/RSF exhibit excellent catalytic activity and biocompatibility.Therefore,the composite fiber exhibits exceptional mechanical properties and reliable hydrogen peroxide sensing capabilities,making it a promising material for biological and medical applications.

Research on the Development of Fibroin and Nano-Fiber from Silk Cocoons for Regenerated Tissue Engineering Applications by Electro-Spinning

In this paper, the main goal is to prepare silk fibroin nano-fiber, which is used for regenerated tissue applications. Silk scaffold nano-fibers made by electro-spinning technology can be used in regenerated tissue applications. The purpose of the research is to prepare a silk-fibroin nano-fiber solution for potential applications in tissue engineering. Using a degumming process, pure silk fibroin protein is extracted from silk cocoons. The protein solution for fibroin is purified, and the protein content is determined. The precise chemical composition, exact temperature, time, voltage, distance, ratio, and humidity all have a huge impact on degumming, solubility, and electro-spinning nano-fibers. The SEM investigates the morphology of silk fibroin nano-fibres at different magnifications. It also reveals the surface condition, fiber orientation, and fiber thickness of the silk fibroin nano-fiber. The results show that regenerated silk fibroin and nano-fiber can be used in silk fibroin scaffolds for various tissue engineering applications.

THE PRACTICE OF ROTOR SPINNING IN PRODUCING SILK NOIL YARN AND THE DEVELOPMENT IN WOVEN FABRICS AND KNITTED GOODS

At present, we have succeeded in producing silk noil yarn by rotor spinning, and obtained good economic benefits. In this paper, through combining with the recent producing practice, systematically discussing and analysing the technology in the process of producing silk noil yarn by rotor spinning, we develop the new technology which is suited to produce silk noil yarn by rotor spinning, and address several noticable problems. The conclusions have been put into practice and proved to be effective and reliable. It can be consulted by the textile mills.

Fabrication of High Toughness Silk Fibroin/Tungsten Disulfide Nanoparticles Hybrid Fiber and Self-Heating Textile by Wet Spinning|

Traditionally,silkworm silk has been used to make high-quality textiles.Nevertheless,various wastes from silk-worm silk textiles that are no longer used are increasing.which is also causing considerable waste and contam-ination.This issue is causing widespread concern in countries that use more silk.Regenerated silk fibroin(RSF)fibers have been shown to be fragile and tender,which prohibits RSF from being widely used as a structural com-ponent.Therefore,enriching the function of silk and enhancing the RSF mechanial properties are important directions to expand the comprehensive utilization of silk products.In the present research,wet spinning was used to create a series of RSF/tungsten disulfide(WS_(2))nanoparticles(NPs)hybrid fiber having distinct WS_(2) nanoparticles concentrations.It was discovered that the temperature of hybrid fibers containing 0.8 wt%RSF/WS_(2) nanoparticles might climb from 20.4℃ to 85.6℃in 1 min and 108.3℃ in 10 min after being exposed to simulated sunlight for a period of one minute and ten minutes.It also had certain antibacterial activity and thermal stability.Fabrics created by hand mixing had outst anding photothermal characteristics under natural sunlight.Further-more,adding WS_(2) nanoparticles might increase the tensile properties of hybrid fibers,which could be caused by the reality that the blending of WS_(2) nanoparticles inhibited the self-assembly of sheets in RSF reaction mixture in a dosage dependent way,as evidenced by the fact that RSF/WSz nanoparticles hybrid fibers had lesser β-sheets material,crystalline nature,and arystalline size.The above performance makes the RSF/WS_(2) nanoparticles hybrid fbers promising candidates for application in photothermal fabrics as well as military dothing.

Study on the Rotor Spinning Processing of Spun Silk/Cashmere Blended Yarn

This paper studies rotor spinning blended yarn produced of spun silk and cashmere.Nine samples were spun,from three different opening rollers and different navels.According to the Uster test results of yarn quality properties,optimum selection is done by using analysis method of combining fuzzy decision-making and fuzzy pattern classification.Experimental plan is designed based on universal rotated experimental design,and the method of confined optimization is used to optimize the speed of opening roller,the speed of rotor and twist factor,according to the results of yarn quality test by Uster.

同轴静电纺壳聚糖/聚氧化乙烯-丝素纤维的制备及其生物活性

以壳聚糖(CS)、聚氧化乙烯(PEO)和丝素蛋白(SF)为原料,采用同轴静电纺丝制备了具有核-壳结构的CSPEO-SF纤维。通过SEM、TEM和FTIR等对纤维形貌和结构进行表征分析,研究纤维的溶胀率、孔隙率和机械性能,并对其抗菌性能和体外生物活性进行评估。结果表明:所制备的纤维具有核壳结构,孔隙率均在80%以上,溶胀率最大可达675%,断裂强度最高可达7.85 MPa;该纤维对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌均具有显著抗菌性,并且具有良好的体外生物活性,在骨组织工程领域的应用具有良好的应用前景。

蜘蛛丝蛋白纤维的研究进展

蜘蛛丝是一种具有卓越力学性能和生物相容性的天然材料,近年来在医学、纺织、航空、军事等领域得到了广泛的应用。本文首先介绍了蜘蛛丝蛋白的基本结构与性质,然后梳理了目前合成蜘蛛丝纤维的主要方法,包括遗传工程、溶剂纺丝和湿法纺丝等。在此基础上,分析了现有研究中存在的问题及挑战,并展望了未来研究方向。

The Properties of Native Silk Fibroin (SF) Solution/Gel from Bombyx mori Silkworms during the Full Fifth Instar Larval Stage

The properties of native silk fibroin （SF） solution in the gland of silkworms during the full fifth instar larval stage were examined in an attempt to elucidate the mechanism of natural silk spinning in the silkworm.The flow and gelation behavior,birefringence phenomenon,rheological properties,specific viscosity and conformation of SF solutions from the gland of silkworms were measured by polarized light microscope,HAKKE rheometer,Ubbelohde viscometer and Solid-state 13C NMR,respectively.After comparing their properties with regenerated SF solutions from natural silk fibers,it is believed that there exists a progressive maturation process favorable to spin silk fibers with excellent properties from native SF solution and a weak bonded and highly oriented SF gel network with SF molecules partly extended in α-helix conformation is formed in the middle section of the gland of silkworms.This suggests that a biomimetic maturation process for making spinnable solution might be necessary for artificial silk fiber spinning in order to obtain improved fiber properties.

新型绢纺直梳梳理工艺及机构设计

为了提高直梳梳理机的梳绵质量,借鉴长麻纺工艺设计出适用于绢纺自动化系统的“平面针帘—副夹板—平面针帘”的新型绢纺直梳梳理工艺;设计直梳梳理机构,设定直梳梳理区4个针帘所用针布与梳针类型、针/齿密度、针帘与副夹板工作区长度以及梳针作用数、针帘梳理速度等主要参数;利用流体仿真软件建立直梳梳理区“梳帘—梳针—空气”模型,分析梳理速度对梳理区气流的影响,确定针帘和梳针参数。指出:新型绢纺直梳工艺,A,B针帘选用弹性针布、低中速梳理,C,D针帘选用金属针布、较高速梳理,结合合适的梳针密度以及梳针作用数,能减小梳绵损失、避免气流紊乱,且不影响梳理效率,满足直梳自动化和连续化的生产要求。

再生丝素蛋白/聚乙烯醇共混取向纳米纤维膜的制备与性能

为进一步提升取向纳米纤维膜在纺织生物医学领域的应用潜力,以再生丝素蛋白(RSF)和聚乙烯醇(PVA)为原料,通过静电纺丝制备取向纳米纤维膜。通过单因子及正交试验确定最优纺丝参数,并对取向纳米纤维膜的形貌、化学结构、力学性能、热稳定性能等进行研究。结果表明:静电纺丝最优纺丝参数为选甲酸为溶剂,滚筒转速2400 r/min,纺丝液质量浓度0.16 g/mL,纺丝电压23 kV,出液速度0.6 mL/h,接收距离17 cm;RSF与PVA之间存在一定相互作用,使RSF中部分无规结构向α螺旋结构转变;与相同纺丝时间下得到的无取向纳米纤维膜相比,取向纳米纤维膜的特点为断裂强力更高,是无取向纳米纤维膜的2倍以上,孔径更大,集中在0.5μm附近;取向结构对纳米纤维膜热稳定性基本无影响。

双金属离子交联海藻酸盐复合相变纤维的制备与性能

为制备多功能性海藻酸盐复合纤维,以海藻酸钠(SA)和丝素蛋白(SF)、月桂酸-棕榈酸二元低共熔混合物(LA-PA)为原料,通过湿法纺丝技术制备Zn^(2+)-Ca^(2+)、Cu^(2+)-Ca^(2+)、Sr^(2+)-Ca^(2+)双金属离子交联海藻酸盐复合相变纤维。利用红外光谱和高斯拟合研究了复合相变纤维的氢键作用,考察了双金属离子交联体系对复合相变纤维结构和性能的影响。结果表明:相对于单一Ca^(2+)交联体系,双金属离子交联体系分子内氢键含量增加,分子间氢键含量减少,纤维的断裂强度随β-折叠链结构含量增加而提高;Zn^(2+)-Ca^(2+)、Cu^(2+)-Ca^(2+)复合相变纤维具有优异的抗菌性能;纤维的最大结晶温度和熔融温度分别为26.19和36.71℃,最大相变焓为25.95 J/g,且经50次热循环后相变温度和相变焓差异较小,具有良好的蓄热稳定性。

Wet-spinning of Regenerated Silk Fiber from Aqueous Silk Fibroin Solutions: Influence of Calcium Ion Addition in Spinning Dope on the Performance of Regenerated Silk Fiber

Ca（II） ions are added in the spinning dope to adjust the solidification rate of regenerated silk fibroin （RSF） solution during the wet-spinning process since Ca（II） ions are proved to be favorable to maintain the stable silk fibroin network in our previous work. The results show that when Ca（II）/RSF ratios are 1/50 and 1/20, the resulted RSF fibers exhibit good performance with the breaking energy more than 70 kJ/kg. However, higher Ca（II）/RSF ratio （for example, 1/10） hinders the solidification of spinning dope and results in poor RSF fibers. These observations together with earlier papers from this laboratory confirm that to produce tough silk fibers the spinning conditions must allow sufficient time for the adjustment of silk fibroin molecular chains.

桑蚕丝腺体和丝纤维中金属离子的含量

用不同的测试方法,即质子诱导X射线发射(PIXE)、电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)和原子吸收光谱(AAS)对桑蚕丝腺体和丝纤维中金属元素的含量进行了详细的表征.结果表明,在桑蚕丝腺体和丝纤维中含有钠、镁、钾、钙、铜、锌、铁、锰八种金属元素,同时还可能含有微量的铷和锶.这些金属元素在丝腺体和各种丝纤维(蚕茧丝、强拉丝和脱胶丝)中的含量都有所变化,而这些变化可能与之在成丝过程(丝蛋白的构象转变过程)中所起的作用有关.

几种绢丝昆虫遗传多样性的RAPD研究

选用重复性较好的 10个引物对 6种绢丝昆虫 2 3个个体进行扩增 ,共得到 2 45个RAPD标记。RAPD分析结果表明 :家蚕及野桑蚕种内各品种材料的遗传距离较大 ,天蚕、蓖麻蚕及柞蚕较小 ;家蚕与野桑蚕两者之间遗传距离小 ,反映出家蚕和野桑蚕亲缘关系较近 ;而天蚕、蓖麻蚕和柞蚕三者之间以及分别与家蚕和野桑蚕之间的遗传距离较大 ,亲缘关系远。聚类分析的结果与之相同。并且对家蚕的起源及绢丝昆虫遗传多样性的保护利用做了探讨。

蜘蛛丝力学性能的多变性

为进一步探索蜘蛛丝的成丝机理 ,研究了不同个体大小 ,不同生存方式 ,不同环境湿度的大腹圆蛛牵引丝的拉伸性能。结果表明 ,蜘蛛对其丝纤维的结构和性能具有自我调控能力 ,随着环境 ,自身条件 ,生存方式等成丝条件的变化 。

再生丝素纤维的纺制及其结构性能研究

以溴化锂(LiBr)、六氟异丙醇(HFIP)溶解丝素纤维,通过湿法纺丝法纺出了再生丝素纤维,并以X射线衍射法、红外光谱法、热重分析法研究了再生丝素纤维的结构及力学性能等。

PTT/绢丝混纺织物的风格及服用性能

为将PTT纤维的形状记忆性与绢丝优异的服用性能相融合,用绢纺工艺将PTT纤维与绢丝混纺,制成混纺比为50/50的PTT/绢丝混纺纱,并以其为经纬纱设计织造了5种PTT/绢丝混纺面料,此外还以相同规格织造了3种纯绢纺纱对比试样,测定了这8种织物的手感、悬垂性及保形性(折皱回复性、拉伸回弹性)、透通性(透气、透湿性)和抗起毛起球性能,对比分析了PTT/绢丝混纺织物和纯绢丝织物的风格和服用性能。结果表明,PTT纤维对绢纺织物的风格与服用性能有良好的改善作用,与纯绢丝织物相比,PTT/绢丝混纺织物的折皱回复性、拉伸回弹性提高,柔软性和悬垂性好,滑糯性、透通性和抗起毛起球性能略差。

甲醇、乙醇凝固剂对再生丝素纤维性能的影响

本文以六氟异丙醇 (HFIP)溶解无定形丝素膜 ,湿法纺丝获得再生丝素纤维 ,并通过X射线衍射法、红外光谱法、热重分析法比较了分别以甲醇、乙醇为凝固剂纺丝对再生丝素纤维的结构及力学性能的影响。结果表明甲醇、乙醇凝固剂对再生丝素纤维结构性能影响不大。

再生丝素纤维的湿法纺丝及其交联改性研究

以六氟异丙醇(HFIP)溶解再生丝素膜,通过湿法纺丝获得再生丝素纤维。再生丝素纤维经1-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳化二亚胺(EDC)和N-羟基丁二酰亚胺(NHS)作为交联剂进行后处理,利用扫描电镜(SEM)、红外光谱(FTIR)、X-射线衍射(XRD)、DSC热分析法、力学性能等表征方法研究和分析了牵伸和交联前后纤维聚集态结构和力学性能的变化。研究结果表明:再生丝素纤维经牵伸和EDC/NHS交联改性后,纤维直径变细为87μm,纤维内部结构以silk II结构为主;纤维的热稳定性提高,热分解峰峰值由281℃提高至288℃;纤维的断裂强度和断裂伸长率明显增大,分别达到1.41 cN/dtex和11.38%,表现出良好的柔韧性。

甲醇处理对再生丝素蛋白干法纺丝纤维结构及性能的影响

采用甲醇水溶液对初生的再生丝素蛋白干法纺丝纤维进行了后处理。研究表明,甲醇处理对再生丝的表面形态、结晶结构及机械性能有影响。甲醇处理前,初生丝蛋白纤维透明而有光泽;甲醇处理后,丝纤维呈现白色,光泽度下降,同时沿纤维轴方向出现了细小的条纹,并可观察到明显的双折射现象。甲醇处理还可使初生丝蛋白纤维中存在的无规卷曲或SilkⅠ结构向SilkⅡ结构转变,并提高初生丝的断裂强度。和脱胶丝相比,处理后的丝纤维模量较高,但断裂伸长率较小,丝纤维的脆性仍较大。