The shaping of milk-flavored white tea:More than a change in appearance

Tea’s popularity and flavor are influenced by factors like cultivation and processing methods and shaping techniques also have an impact on tea flavor.This study employed targeted metabolomics and chemometrics to investigate how shaping techniques affect the flavor of milk-flavored white tea(MFWT).The results showed that the tea cake sample with the shortest pressing time(Y90)has the highest amino acid content and milky aroma intensity.There were variations in amino acids,catechins,and soluble sugars among MFWT samples with different shaping techniques.The total contents of amino acids and catechins in tea cake sample(Y90)were significantly lower than those in the loose tea sample(SC)and bundle-like tea sample(SG),while the total sugar content was significantly higher than that in SC(P<0.05).Additionally,the content of volatiles presenting milky aroma(VIP&OAV>1)in Y90 remained lower relative to SC and SG(P<0.05),but the proportion was not different from that in SC and SG,minimally affecting the overall flavor.The short-time pressing method might be suitable for mass production of MFWT.These findings provide insights into improving the tightness of the appearance of MFWT with minimal impact on tea flavor.

Correlation of gut microorganisms and non-volatile flavor substances provides new insights for breeding Scylla paramamosain

The farming of Scylla paramamosain with specific flavors has a higher commercial value,and the flavors are related to the integrated farming environment and non-volatile flavor substances,while the survival environment is one of the important ways to source gut microorganisms in the organism.In this study,the levels of dominant taxa in the gut flora of S.paramamosain from Mong Cai,Vietnam(VN),Taishan City,Guangdong Province(TS)of China,and Ninghai County,Ningbo City(NB)Zhejiang Province of China converged with those of S.paramamosain from Sanmen County,Ningbo City(CK 1,CK 2,and CK 3)at 28 d of domestication.The top 15 genera with the highest abundance of VN,TS,and NB gut flora were the same as CK 1,CK 2,and CK 3,but with different percentages,and gradually converged to CK 1,CK 2,and CK 3,respectively,at 28 d of domestication.Correlation between intestinal flora and non-volatile flavor substances in the hepatopancreas at the percentage level of relative abundance of bacterial genera found that above 28 d of domestication,Muribaculaceae,Psychrilyobacter,Clostridia_vadinBB 60_group,Halarcobacter Carboxylicivirga,Sediminispirochaeta may be the most important genera affecting flavor amino acids of VN.Sediminispirochaeta,Carboxylicivirga,Halarcobacter,Photobacterium,ZOR 0006,Psychrilyobacter,and Pseudomonas may be the most important genera affecting flavor amino acids of NB.Sediminispirochaeta,Carboxylicivirga,Halarcobacter,Photobacterium,ZOR 0006,Vibrio,and Sphingomonas may be the most important genera affecting flavor amino acids of TS.These results show that the intestinal flora structure of crabs from different areas were domesticated in the same area for at least 28 d before they converged to that of the domesticated crab,and the most important genera affecting the flavor amino acids of TS,VN,and NB were also identified.The results of this study provide a reference and basis for the technique of directional cultivation of the flavor quality of the crab.

Insights into the enhancement of food flavor perception:strategies,mechanism and emulsion applications

The core drivers of the modern food industry are meeting consumer demand for tasty and healthy foods.The application of food flavor perception enhancement can help to achieve the goals of salt-and sugar-reduction,without compromising the sensory quality of the original food,and this has attracted increasing research attention.The analysis of bibliometric results from 2002 to 2022 reveals that present flavor perception enhancement strategies(changing ingredient formulations,adding salt/sugar substitutes,emulsion delivery systems)are mainly carry out based on sweetness,saltiness and umami.Emulsion systems is becoming a novel research foci and development trends of international food flavor perception-enhancement research.The structured design of food emulsions,by using interface engineering technology,can effectively control,or enhance the release of flavor substances.Thus,this review systematically summarizes strategies,the application of emulsion systems and the mechanisms of action of food flavor perception-enhancement technologies,based on odor-taste cross-modal interaction(OTCMI),to provide insights into the further structural design and application of emulsion systems in this field.

Microbiomics and metabolomics insights into the microbial regulation on the formation of flavor components in the traditional fermentation process of Chinese Hongqu aged vinegar

This study aimed to investigate microbial succession and metabolic dynamics during the traditional fermentation of Hongqu aged vinegar,and explore the core functional microbes closely related to the formation of flavor components.Microbiome analysis demonstrated that Lactobacillus,Acetobacter,Bacillus,Enterobacter,Lactococcus,Leuconostoc and Weissella were the predominant bacterial genera,while Aspergillus piperis,Aspergillus oryzae,Monascus purpureus,Candida athensensis,C.xylopsoci,Penicillium ochrosalmoneum and Simplicillium aogashimaense were the predominant fungal species.Correlation analysis revealed that Acetobacter was positively correlated with the production of tetramethylpyrazine,acetoin and acetic acid,Lactococcus showed positive correlation with the production of 2-nonanone,2-heptanone,ethyl caprylate,ethyl caprate,1-hexanol,1-octanol and 1-octen-3-ol,C.xylopsoci and C.rugosa were positively associated with the production of diethyl malonate,2,3-butanediyl diacetate,acetoin,benzaldehyde and tetramethylpyrazine.Correspondingly,non-volatile metabolites were also detected through ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry.A variety of amino acids and functional dipeptides were identified during the traditional brewing of Hongqu aged vinegar.Correlation analysis revealed that Lactobacillus was significantly associated with DL-lactate,indolelactic acid,D-(+)-3-phenyllactic acid,pimelic acid,pregabalin and 3-aminobutanoic acid.This study is useful for understanding flavor formation mechanism and developing effective strategies for the suitable strains selection to improve the flavor quality of Hongqu aged vinegar.

Impact of Low-temperature Storage on Volatile Flavor Compounds in Prepared Pork Products

[Objectives]This study was conducted to explore the dynamic changes of volatile flavor compounds in prepared pork during storage at different low-temperature conditions.[Methods]Prepared pork was stored at 4,-4 and-18℃.The volatile flavor compounds of prepared pork were determined by solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(SPME-GC-MS)at days 0,7,14,21 and 28,and relative odor activity value(OAV),principal component analysis(PCA)and cluster analysis(CA)were combined to analyze changes in volatile flavor compounds of prepared pork during storage.[Results]The total number of volatile flavor compounds gradually decreased with the prolongation of the storage period,and OAV analysis identified 22 key flavor compounds(OAV≥1).The results of PCA and CA showed that 2-methyl-1-butanol,1-octen-3-ol,linalool,cineole,hexanal and nonanal were the main key flavor components,and the degree of flavor degradation was low under both superchilling and freezing conditions.After 28 days of storage,the alcohol content in the chilling group was significantly higher than other two groups,and the overall content of volatile flavor compounds was also significantly higher than other two groups,indicating that the-4℃chilling storage was more favorable for maintaining the overall flavor of prepared pork.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis for finding a better storage method for prepared meat products.

SPME-Arrow/GC-MS结合多元统计分析研究不同批次爆珠香精组分差异

以箭型固相微萃取(SPME-Arrow)为样品萃取手段,通过优化萃取头种类、氯化钠添加量、萃取温度、平衡时间及萃取时间等条件,构建了高效鉴定爆珠香精中挥发性及半挥发性化合物的箭型固相微萃取结合气相色谱-质谱联用(SPME-Arrow/GC-MS)法。采用该方法对不同批次爆珠香精进行分析,结合主成分分析(PCA)、正交偏最小二乘-判别分析(OPLS-DA)及显著性F检验等多元统计分析手段,筛选显著性差异成分。结果表明:最佳萃取条件为优选DVB/CAR/PDMS萃取头,添加2.0 g氯化钠,在60℃下平衡50 min,萃取时间为40 min;经谱库检索结合保留指数辅助定性,共鉴定出96种挥发性、半挥发性组分,目标物峰面积的日间相对标准偏差(RSD)小于10%的色谱峰数量占总峰数量的92.7%,表明方法的重复性较好;从不同批次爆珠香精中共筛选出17个潜在差异化合物,通过显著性检验,确定10种显著性差异化合物,分别为α-蒎烯、柠檬烯、桉叶油醇、异胡薄荷醇、薄荷酮(含异构体)、新异薄荷醇、乙酸新薄荷酯、三辛酸甘油酯和二辛酸单癸酸甘油酯。该法可有效区分不同批次爆珠样品的组分差异,具有客观真实、准确可靠、可视化强等特点,能够为爆珠产品质量检验提供技术支持。

不同栽培模式对韭菜采后贮藏品质及风味影响

为探究不同栽培模式(水培、土培和基质培)对韭菜采后贮藏品质及风味物质的影响,采用水培、土培和基质培3种栽培方式种植‘航研791’韭菜,采后放入20℃、相对湿度80%~85%的冷库中贮藏,测定其贮藏期间生理品质和风味物质的变化。结果表明:土培和基质培栽培方式能够较好地维持韭菜在贮藏期间的质量损失率和腐烂率,水培韭菜则质量损失率和腐烂率都较高,与水培相比,土培和基质培韭菜能够较好地维持VC和可溶性蛋白含量,具有较高的膳食纤维含量,土培还能促进纤维素、半纤维素、果胶和木质素含量的积累,基质培韭菜的木质素呈下降趋势,水培韭菜在贮藏过程中纤维素含量呈下降趋势,木质素含量则基本不变。韭菜的风味物质主要是醛类、醇类、酯类、醚类、杂环类化合物等,α-松油醇、丁酸异戊酯、水杨酸甲酯和苯乙醛等物质是3种韭菜贮藏前后的主要风味物质。土培韭菜能够在贮藏过程中更好地维持韭菜的品质和风味物质,耐贮性最强,其在贮藏过程中品质劣变以衰老为主,基质培次之,水培韭菜则耐贮性最差,品质劣变以软化腐烂为主。

不同乳酸菌发酵蓝莓桑葚原浆营养品质及风味变化分析

为探究不同乳酸菌发酵对蓝莓桑葚原浆营养品质及风味的影响,本研究分别以保加利亚乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌作为发酵剂,利用电子鼻和顶空微萃取结合气相色谱-质谱法等方法分析乳酸菌发酵后蓝莓桑葚原浆中的功能营养成分和风味。结果表明,3个发酵组的营养品质和抗氧化能力差异显著,其中植物乳杆菌发酵组总酸含量最高(1.52 g·L^(-1))、总糖含量最低(789.59 mg·L^(-1))、总花色苷含量最高(6.04 g·L^(-1)),总抗氧化能力最强;电子鼻分析结果可有效区分3种菌种的发酵风味;气相色谱-质谱共检测出51种挥发性成分,包括醇类6种、酸类14种、醛类9种、酮类7种、酯类8种、其他物质7种,其中2-壬酮在植物乳杆菌发酵组中含量较高,赋予发酵汁果香以及花香。综合而言,植物乳杆菌发酵组在营养成分、气味及风味物质方面均有较大提升,更适用于蓝莓桑葚原浆的发酵,有助于开发出具有抗氧化作用的益生元蓝莓果浆。本研究可为蓝莓桑葚深加工提供一定的借鉴。

鸡肉和黄豆混合发酵过程中蛋白质、氨基酸与风味变化规律

以纯黄豆发酵为对照,分析了鸡肉与黄豆混合发酵过程中蛋白质、氨基酸态氮、蛋白酶活力、游离氨基酸和挥发性风味物质的变化规律。结果表明,发酵过程中,样品的蛋白质含量呈下降趋势,氨基酸态氮、蛋白酶活力和游离氨基酸含量则呈上升趋势。不同发酵时期,鸡肉和黄豆混合发酵组中鲜味氨基酸和总游离氨基酸含量均显著高于纯黄豆发酵(P<0.05),挥发性风味物质的积累也较纯黄豆发酵多。通过正交偏最小二乘判别分析(orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis,OPLS-DA)结合气味活性值(odor activity value,OAV)进一步分析得出,3-甲硫基丙醛、苯甲醛、苯乙醛和1-辛烯-3-醇是鸡肉与黄豆混合发酵过程中的关键差异挥发性风味物质。该研究结果为高品质豆基发酵调味品的开发和品质调控提供了理论参考。

杀菌条件对蓝点马鲛鱼脂质及风味品质的影响

为探究不同杀菌条件对蓝点马鲛鱼(Scomberomorus niphonius)品质的影响,本文研究了110℃、46.4 min(A组),115℃、14.7 min(B组)和121℃、3.7 min(C组)3种杀菌条件对鱼肉感官品质、脂质组成及风味的影响。结果显示,杀菌后蓝点马鲛鱼的质地、滋味和气味的感官评分变化明显。样品中的总脂、甘油三酯和磷脂含量在杀菌后均显著降低(P<0.05),游离脂肪酸含量显著升高(P<0.05)。不同杀菌组间脂质组成存在差异,C组样品的脂质损失程度最高。脂质氧化程度受杀菌条件的影响显著(P<0.05),过氧化值(POV)含量均显著升高、硫代巴比妥酸反应值(TBARS)含量显著降低(P<0.05)。电子鼻分析结果表明,不同杀菌条件处理后鱼肉的气味特征明显不同。借助气相色谱-离子迁移谱从4组样品中鉴别出22种挥发性化合物,各组间的挥发性物质存在明显差异,其中,己醛、戊醛、异戊醛、3-戊酮、环己酮、3-羟基丁-2-酮和乙酸乙酯等是鱼肉中的主要风味物质,在B组样品中含量最高。综上,采用115℃、14.7 min(B组)杀菌的样品,其感官和风味品质明显优于其他组,且脂质氧化程度更低。研究结果可为蓝点马鲛鱼罐头产品加工提供参考。

豆浆中风味物质形成、与蛋白的互作机制及生物法改善豆浆风味的研究进展

豆浆作为一种营养丰富的植物基蛋白饮品,在全球范围内受到消费者的喜爱。然而,其特有的不良风味往往影响消费者的接受度,限制了豆浆产品的市场推广。本文探讨豆浆中风味物质的形成机理、这些风味物质与豆浆中的蛋白质之间的相互作用机制以及通过生物方法改善豆浆风味的研究进展。通过无脂氧合酶大豆品种的开发、酶处理和微生物发酵等生物方法,可以有效地改善豆浆的风味,同时保持其营养价值。最后对未来改善豆浆风味的研究方向做出展望,以期为豆浆及其制品的品质提升和市场推广提供理论依据,为推动我国大豆制品市场的发展做出贡献。

14种市售麻椒鸡的品质及风味分析

为明确麻椒鸡产品的品质特性及风味特征,本研究以14种不同品牌的市售麻椒鸡(以A~N字母表示)作为研究对象,测定了其色泽、质构、剪切力、电子鼻、挥发性风味物质和电子舌,并结合感官评价进一步探究感官评价指标与仪器分析指标之间的相关性。结果表明:14种麻椒鸡鸡胸的硬度范围为1742.81~4587.54 g,剪切力范围为14.41~35.07 N;鸡腿的硬度范围为797.09~3389.61 g,剪切力范围为7.70~26.34 N。电子鼻评价结果显示,14种麻椒鸡的主要挥发性气味成分为氮氧化合物、无机硫化物、有机硫化物和短链烷烃。气相色谱-离子迁移谱(GCIMS)显示,麻椒鸡风味的形成是鸡肉本身带有的香气和香辛料赋予香气整体协调的结果,14种麻椒鸡中共鉴定出77种挥发性化合物,结合正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS-DA)发现,丁醛、芳樟醇、α-蒎烯、丙烯酸乙酯、α-松油醇、2-庚酮、1-辛烯-3-醇等26种物质为麻椒鸡产品的特征风味物质。电子舌评价结果显示,鲜味和咸味对麻椒鸡的滋味贡献较突出。相关性分析结果表明,感官评价中的总体喜爱度与丁醛、芳樟醇、α-蒎烯、丙烯酸乙酯、α-松油醇、2-庚酮、1-辛烯-3-醇、W5S、W1W、W2W、W1S、咸味、L^(*)和b^(*)值等指标呈现极显著正相关(P<0.01)。本研究可以为麻椒鸡产品风味品质的研究与调控、原辅料的选择、麻椒鸡产品工业化水平的提升提供参考。

不同初加工方法对咖啡豆风味化合物和感官特性的影响

本研究旨在探究不同初加工处理方法对阿拉比卡咖啡理化特性、风味和感官特性的影响。通过电子鼻和感官分析评价不同初加工咖啡样品的感官风味,主成分分析(PCA)对不同初加工方法进行区分,并利用皮尔逊相关系数分析初加工方法与产生的风味化合物之间的关系。结果表明,在理化指标方面,不同初加工方法对咖啡样品的总可滴定酸度(TA)、总可溶性固形物(TSS)和pH具有显著影响(P<0.05),其中,湿法加工(CS)的pH最高。初加工方法对咖啡样品中的生物碱、绿原酸和有机酸等风味化合物含量影响较大,干法处理Ⅰ(GA)的咖啡因含量最高(12.32 mg/g DW),蜜处理Ⅰ(MA)拥有最高的葫芦巴碱含量(3.71 mg/g DW),湿法加工(CS)导致咖啡样品具有最低的绿原酸含量和最高的有机酸含量。此外,电子鼻结果显示,不同初加工方法制备的咖啡香气化合物含量差异显著,相较于人工评测,电子感官分析可以更有效地对不同初加工方法进行区分。该研究结果明晰了不同初加工方法对咖啡的化学组成及感官风味的影响,对咖啡风味品质提升及对优质产品的筛选和鉴别具有重要意义。

德尔布有孢圆酵母对苹果酒发酵过程风味物质合成的影响

本研究利用德尔布有孢圆酵母(Torulasporadelbrueckii)与酿酒酵母(Saccharomycescerevisiae)进行苹果酒发酵实验,通过比较混合发酵与酿酒酵母单独发酵过程中有机酸以及挥发性风味物质差异,探究德尔布有孢圆酵母对苹果酒风味物质合成的影响。结果表明,德尔布有孢圆酵母显著提高了苹果酒中草酸(+0.077 g/L)、乙酸(+1.68 g/L)、L-乳酸(+0.83 g/L)以及琥珀酸(+0.45 g/L)的含量(P<0.01),并减少了苹果酒中高级醇的数量。共现网络分析显示德尔布有孢圆酵母的加入增强了挥发性风味物质合成的稳定性。此外,混合发酵显著提升了苯乙醇、苯甲醛、乙酸苯乙酯、辛酸、己酸等11种挥发性风味物质含量,有助于凸显苹果酒中苹果特征香、花果香,增强蜜甜感。基于差异风味物质通路富集结果,德尔布有孢圆酵母可赋予发酵体系更强的原料利用能力,糖类物质的转化能力以及风味物质合成能力。研究结果表明该菌株有着优异的混合发酵性能,为其在苹果酒酿造中进一步利用提供了依据。

基于山西老陈醋传统工艺固态发酵体系时空异质性分析解析主要风味物质形成规律

以山西老陈醋固态发酵过程为研究对象,采用宏基因组学和顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术,分别对不同空间发酵过程的醋醅理化特征、风味物质和微生物群落组成进行分析。结果表明:不同空间位置醋醅的水分、温度均具有显著性差异,发酵过程共检测到93种挥发性风味物质,总挥发性物质含量依次为上层>中层>下层。上、中、下层总酸均与Proteus、Salinicoccus、Staphylococcus、Klebsiella显著负相关(P<0.05),从而影响微生物生长代谢,下层水分显著影响Proteus、Salinicoccus、Saccharomyces、Staphylococcus、Klebsiella生长代谢(P<0.05)。Proteus、Saccharomyce、Staphylococcus、Klebsiella与发酵过程理化指标密切相关,上层醋醅中Proteus、Salinicoccus、Saccharomyce、Staphylococcus、Klebsiella微生物生长代谢促进了亚油酸乙酯、油酸乙酯等酯类化合物的生成,中、下层的发酵条件则抑制了部分酯类物质的生成。本研究从时空异质的角度解析了山西老陈醋发酵特性,阐明了风味物质形成规律,有助于全面阐明山西老陈醋酿造机理。

鼠李糖乳杆菌发酵枸杞汁营养与风味特性及其抗氧化活性和体外抑制黄嘌呤氧化酶活性的研究

本文以药食同源的宁夏枸杞干果(Lyciumbarbarum L.)为原料,利用鼠李糖乳杆菌对其进行发酵,以黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制率为评价指标,通过单因素实验和响应面实验优化发酵工艺,并对发酵枸杞汁的发酵特性、营养和风味特性以及抗氧化活性进行研究。结果表明,鼠李糖乳杆菌发酵枸杞汁的最佳发酵工艺为发酵时间28 h、发酵温度34℃、接种量4%,在此条件下,发酵枸杞汁对黄嘌呤氧化酶的抑制率为79.40%,pH为4.44±0.04,活菌数可达9.5±0.005 lg CFU/mL。与未发酵枸杞汁相比,发酵枸杞汁的可溶性蛋白、总酚和总黄酮含量显著降低(P<0.05),总糖含量增加。此外,GC-IMS分析结果表明发酵后枸杞汁有较多醇类物质产生,增加其独有的发酵香气。体外抗氧化活性分析结果表明发酵后枸杞汁的DPPH自由基清除能力显著提高了186.5%(P<0.05)。

葡萄糖添加量和卤制时间对鸭肉熟制品中WOF(warmed-over flavor)异味调控效果的影响

鸭肉熟制品在冷藏后再次加热会产生WOF(warmed-over flavor)异味,为对异味进行抑制,在鸭肉加工的过程中添加还原性的葡萄糖和鸭肉中的蛋白质产生具有抗氧化性的美拉德反应产物,研究添加不同量的葡萄糖和不同的加工保持时间对WOF异味抑制效果的影响,采用气相色谱-质谱联用法测定鸭肉熟制品中己醛的相对含量,以己醛的相对含量作为衡量WOF异味程度的指标,并结合感官评价进行综合分析。结果表明:在鸭肉制品加工的过程中添加葡萄糖有抑制WOF异味的作用,且随着葡萄糖添加量的增加抑制作用效果增加,加工保持时间对WOF异味的抑制效果也会产生影响,随着保持时间的延长抑制效果增加。随着葡萄糖添加量的增加及保持时间的延长会对鸭肉熟制品的口感和色泽产生不良影响,因此在加工中需进行综合分析。

咸味猪骨肽部分替代NaCl对低盐香肠品质和风味的影响

本文旨在探讨咸味猪骨肽部分替代NaCl生产低盐香肠的可能性。分析了不同比例咸味猪骨肽替代NaCl对香肠的感官、质构特性、色差、pH、出品率、水分含量、滋味和挥发性成分的影响。结果显示,添加1%NaCl+1%咸味猪骨肽的香肠在色泽、外观、口感和风味方面优于对照组(添加2%NaCl),组织状态和对照组相当,同时,显著改善了香肠的质构特性(P<0.05)。电子舌结果显示,1%NaCl+1%咸味猪骨肽的低盐香肠咸味、鲜味、甜味和丰富度均优于对照组和其他试验组,同时,酸味、苦味和苦的回味显著降低。但是,不同咸味猪骨肽替代NaCl的香肠出品率和水分含量均显著下降(P<0.05)。顶空气相色谱-离子迁移谱(Headspace-Gas Chromatography-Ion Mobility Spectrometry,HS-GC-IMS)分析发现,咸味猪骨肽的添加改变了香肠的挥发性成分,结合感观评分结果,一定量的咸味猪骨肽替代NaCl赋予了低盐香肠更好的风味。综上结果表明,1%NaCl+1%咸味猪骨肽能够有效替代2%NaCl,实现了低盐香肠减盐不减咸的效果。

Processing Technique of Instant Flavored Daylily(Hemerocallis citrina Baroni)

This study was conducted to investigate the recipe and process of instant pickle by multiple steps with dry daylily as a raw material, and an orthogonal test was adopted to obtain the optimal recipe and process. The pickling process of the instant flavored daylily was conducted at an optimal crisp-keeping Ca Cl2 concentration at 0.050%, cooking time of 5 min, pickling time of 6 h and a salt concentration of 4%. The effects of various factors on product taste were in order of salt concentrationcooking timepickling timeCa Cl2 concentration.The obtained product has the characteristics of strong fragrance, crisp delicious taste and unique flavor with stomachic effect.

复热方式对预制胡萝卜玉米排骨汤品质的影响

为探究不同复热方式(微波、蒸汽、水浴、明火)对速冻预制胡萝卜玉米排骨汤品质的影响,测定了加热特性、质构、汤汁色泽、滋味物质、挥发性成分、感官品质等指标。研究显示,微波复热效率最高且受热均匀;质构方面,微波、水浴复热对排骨硬度、黏性、肉质紧实度影响较小,而微波、明火复热使玉米与胡萝卜的硬度与黏性保持更佳(P<0.05);色泽方面,蒸汽复热组汤汁金黄透亮,而明火复热组汤汁因油脂乳化而变得浓白;滋味方面,蒸汽复热组样品中鲜味氨基酸能更好地与呈味核苷酸结合,呈现最强的鲜味(等效鲜味浓度为178.4 g/100 g),其次为微波、明火、水浴复热组(等效鲜味浓度分别为109.9、100.2、56.5 g/100 g);风味方面,样品中共鉴定出61种挥发性成分,微波、蒸汽、明火复热组样品分别为29、33、32种,以芳香类物质为主,水浴复热组为31种,以醇类为主,且部分挥发性成分含量差异显著(P<0.05)。结合感官评价,微波与蒸汽复热样品在色泽与滋味上更受消费者青睐(P<0.05),总分最高。综合各项品质指标可得,蒸汽、微波复热是胡萝卜玉米排骨汤理想的复热方式。