In order to mitigate the salinity effects on flax grown on moderate saline sandy soil (3275 - 3430 ppm) and irrigated with moderate saline water (2300 - 2460 ppm) field experiments were carried out at the experimental...In order to mitigate the salinity effects on flax grown on moderate saline sandy soil (3275 - 3430 ppm) and irrigated with moderate saline water (2300 - 2460 ppm) field experiments were carried out at the experimental Station of the Faculty of Agriculture, Wadi El-Natrun district El-Behera Governorate—Egypt, during two successive winter seasons of 2012/2013 and 2013/2014. Three flax varieties (Opal, Giza-8 and Mayic) were grown and treated with some chemical additives humic acid (50 kg/fed) and/or foliar applied proline (Control, 50 and 100 mg/L). The results showed the positive responses of Giza-8 variety to the combined application of humic acid and proline and mitigated the salinity effects of soil and irrigation water and reflected on most of the studied characters. Such results indicate the potentiality of mitigation the hazardous effect of salinity with these chemical additives. The data indicated that the highest seed yield, straw yield and oil yield were obtained at humic acid (50 kg/fed) with foliar treatment of proline at rate of (100 mg/L). The interaction of proline at (100 mg/L) with humic acid at rate of (50 kg/fed) improved plant fresh and dry weight in all flax cultivars under salinity conditions. Fresh weight increased by 66.6%, 48.7% and 65.5% over controls for Opal, Giza-8 and Mayic varieties, respectively. The interaction of proline at (100 mg/L) with humic acid at rate of (50 kg/fed) with Giza-8 variety gave the highest values of seed yield, straw yield and oil yield.展开更多
Winter fiber flax has been planted in a large area in Yunnan Province, the southwestern part of China, and other areas of the world, but little is known about the influence of fertilization on the fiber yield and qual...Winter fiber flax has been planted in a large area in Yunnan Province, the southwestern part of China, and other areas of the world, but little is known about the influence of fertilization on the fiber yield and quality. For that, a two-factor experiment in random block designed was carried out by specifying nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) as factor A, boron (B), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and molybdenum (Mo) as factor B each in four levels and their complete combinations. With the increase of N, P and K fertilizers, the yields of long-fiber and total-fiber obviously increased resulting from the increased straw yield, although the portion of retted-stem in straw, contents of longfiber and total-fiber decreased. The fiber tensile strength and flexibility increased as well. The micronutrients application increased the yields of straw, long-fiber and total-fiber, but gave no influence to fiber content and the fiber qualities. Combinations of the macronutrients and micronutrients gave obvious influences to the yields of straw and fiber, contents of long-fiber and total-fiber, fiber fineness and tensile strength, but little influence to the fiber flexibility. The fertilizers formula A2B2, i.e. N-P2O5-K2O 172.8, 28.8 172.8 kg/hm2, Zn-Cu-B-M-Mo 2363, 1654, 236, 2363,165 g/hm2, was the best, yielding most in the straw, long-fiber and total-fiber, with synchronous improvement of the three quality indices.展开更多
Flax is an important economic crop for seed oil and stem fiber. Phenotyping of traits such as seed yield, seed quality, stem fiber yield, and quality characteristics is expensive and time consuming. Genomic selection(...Flax is an important economic crop for seed oil and stem fiber. Phenotyping of traits such as seed yield, seed quality, stem fiber yield, and quality characteristics is expensive and time consuming. Genomic selection(GS) refers to a breeding approach aimed at selecting preferred individuals based on genomic estimated breeding values predicted by a statistical model based on the relationship between phenotypes and genome-wide genetic markers. We evaluated the prediction accuracy of GS(rMP) and the efficiency of GS relative to phenotypic selection(RE) for three GS models: ridge regression best linear unbiased prediction(RR-BLUP),Bayesian LASSO(BL), and Bayesian ridge regression(BRR), for seed yield, oil content, iodine value, linoleic, and linolenic acid content with a full and a common set of genome-wide simple sequence repeat markers in each of three biparental populations. The three GS models generated similar rMPand RE, while BRR displayed a higher coefficient of determination(R^2)of the fitted models than did RR-BLUP or BL. The mean rMPand RE varied for traits with different heritabilities and was affected by the genetic variation of the traits in the populations.GS for seed yield generated a mean RE of 1.52 across populations and marker sets, a value significantly superior to that for direct phenotypic selection. Our empirical results provide the first validation of GS in flax and demonstrate that GS could increase genetic gain per unit time for linseed breeding. Further studies for selection of training populations and markers are warranted.展开更多
文摘In order to mitigate the salinity effects on flax grown on moderate saline sandy soil (3275 - 3430 ppm) and irrigated with moderate saline water (2300 - 2460 ppm) field experiments were carried out at the experimental Station of the Faculty of Agriculture, Wadi El-Natrun district El-Behera Governorate—Egypt, during two successive winter seasons of 2012/2013 and 2013/2014. Three flax varieties (Opal, Giza-8 and Mayic) were grown and treated with some chemical additives humic acid (50 kg/fed) and/or foliar applied proline (Control, 50 and 100 mg/L). The results showed the positive responses of Giza-8 variety to the combined application of humic acid and proline and mitigated the salinity effects of soil and irrigation water and reflected on most of the studied characters. Such results indicate the potentiality of mitigation the hazardous effect of salinity with these chemical additives. The data indicated that the highest seed yield, straw yield and oil yield were obtained at humic acid (50 kg/fed) with foliar treatment of proline at rate of (100 mg/L). The interaction of proline at (100 mg/L) with humic acid at rate of (50 kg/fed) improved plant fresh and dry weight in all flax cultivars under salinity conditions. Fresh weight increased by 66.6%, 48.7% and 65.5% over controls for Opal, Giza-8 and Mayic varieties, respectively. The interaction of proline at (100 mg/L) with humic acid at rate of (50 kg/fed) with Giza-8 variety gave the highest values of seed yield, straw yield and oil yield.
文摘Winter fiber flax has been planted in a large area in Yunnan Province, the southwestern part of China, and other areas of the world, but little is known about the influence of fertilization on the fiber yield and quality. For that, a two-factor experiment in random block designed was carried out by specifying nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) as factor A, boron (B), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and molybdenum (Mo) as factor B each in four levels and their complete combinations. With the increase of N, P and K fertilizers, the yields of long-fiber and total-fiber obviously increased resulting from the increased straw yield, although the portion of retted-stem in straw, contents of longfiber and total-fiber decreased. The fiber tensile strength and flexibility increased as well. The micronutrients application increased the yields of straw, long-fiber and total-fiber, but gave no influence to fiber content and the fiber qualities. Combinations of the macronutrients and micronutrients gave obvious influences to the yields of straw and fiber, contents of long-fiber and total-fiber, fiber fineness and tensile strength, but little influence to the fiber flexibility. The fertilizers formula A2B2, i.e. N-P2O5-K2O 172.8, 28.8 172.8 kg/hm2, Zn-Cu-B-M-Mo 2363, 1654, 236, 2363,165 g/hm2, was the best, yielding most in the straw, long-fiber and total-fiber, with synchronous improvement of the three quality indices.
基金conducted as part of the A-base project (No.1142) funded by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canadathe Total Utilization Flax GENomics (TUFGEN) project funded by Genome Canada and other stakeholdersthe flax breeding database project funded by Western Grain Research Foundation (WGRF)
文摘Flax is an important economic crop for seed oil and stem fiber. Phenotyping of traits such as seed yield, seed quality, stem fiber yield, and quality characteristics is expensive and time consuming. Genomic selection(GS) refers to a breeding approach aimed at selecting preferred individuals based on genomic estimated breeding values predicted by a statistical model based on the relationship between phenotypes and genome-wide genetic markers. We evaluated the prediction accuracy of GS(rMP) and the efficiency of GS relative to phenotypic selection(RE) for three GS models: ridge regression best linear unbiased prediction(RR-BLUP),Bayesian LASSO(BL), and Bayesian ridge regression(BRR), for seed yield, oil content, iodine value, linoleic, and linolenic acid content with a full and a common set of genome-wide simple sequence repeat markers in each of three biparental populations. The three GS models generated similar rMPand RE, while BRR displayed a higher coefficient of determination(R^2)of the fitted models than did RR-BLUP or BL. The mean rMPand RE varied for traits with different heritabilities and was affected by the genetic variation of the traits in the populations.GS for seed yield generated a mean RE of 1.52 across populations and marker sets, a value significantly superior to that for direct phenotypic selection. Our empirical results provide the first validation of GS in flax and demonstrate that GS could increase genetic gain per unit time for linseed breeding. Further studies for selection of training populations and markers are warranted.
