New materials and manufacturing technologies require applicable non-destructive techniques for quality assurance so as to achieve better performance.This study comprehensively investigated the effect of influencing fa...New materials and manufacturing technologies require applicable non-destructive techniques for quality assurance so as to achieve better performance.This study comprehensively investigated the effect of influencing factors includ-ing excitation frequency,lift-off distance,defect depth and size,residual heat,and surface roughness on the defect EC signals of an Inconel 738LC alloy produced by selective laser melting(SLM).The experimental investigations recorded the impedance amplitude and phase angle of EC signals for each defect to explore the feasibility of detecting sub-surface defects by merely analyzing these two key indicators.Overall,this study revealed preliminary qualitative and roughly quantitative relationships between influencing factors and corresponding EC signals,which provided a prac-tical reference on how to quantitively inspect subsurface defects using eddy current testing(ECT)on SLMed parts,and also made solid progress toward on-line ECT in additive/subtractive hybrid manufacturing(ASHM)for fabricating SLMed parts with enhanced quality and better performance.展开更多
Hybrid Manufacturing combines the advantages of Additive Manufacturing (AM)and Subtractive Manufacturing on a single machine.Although previous research has provided a good background of the manufacturing parameters,th...Hybrid Manufacturing combines the advantages of Additive Manufacturing (AM)and Subtractive Manufacturing on a single machine.Although previous research has provided a good background of the manufacturing parameters,the analysis is often carried out separately and there is a lack of combined knowledge.The purpose of this research is to examine the influence of the main manufacturing parameters involved in AM and subtracfive processes using different variables.Particularly,the study is focused on the Material Extrusion process concerning the layer height,fill angle and fill density;as well as two factors related to machining,including stepover and pass direction.The parameters that were examined include the dimension,hardness, flatness,weight and roughness.A mulfifactofial Design of Experiments was proposed with a total of 64 samples.Next,a statistical analysis was carried out to assess the influence of the different groups on the response variables.Finally,a decision table presented and facilitated the selection of parameters depending on the desired objectives,leading to a framework that was applied to a case study for validation.This decision guide could enable designers and engineers to select the best strategy for a specific application,leading to a more efficient approach for manufacturing.展开更多
Additive manufacturing(AM)processes are reliable techniques to build highly complex metallic parts.Direct energy deposition(DED)is one of the most common technologies to 3D print metal alloys.Despite a wide range of l...Additive manufacturing(AM)processes are reliable techniques to build highly complex metallic parts.Direct energy deposition(DED)is one of the most common technologies to 3D print metal alloys.Despite a wide range of literature that has discussed the ability of DED in metal printing,weak binding,poor accuracy,and rough surface still exist in final products.Thus,limitations in 3D printing of metal powder and wire indicate post-processing techniques required to achieve high quality in both mechanical properties and surface quality.Therefore,hybrid manufacturing(HM),specifically additive/subtractive hybrid manufacturing(ASHM)of DED has been proposed to enhance product quality.ASHM is a capable process that combines two technologies with 3-axis or multi-axis machines.Different methods have been suggested to increase the accuracy of machines to find better quality and microstructure.In contrast,drawbacks in ASHM still exist such as limitations in existing reliable materials and poor accuracy in machine coordination to avoid collision in the multi-axes machine.It should be noted that there is no review work with focuses on both DED and hybridization of DED processes.Thus,in this review work,a unique study of DED in comparison to ASHM as well as novel techniques are discussed with the objective of showing the capabilities of each process and the benefits of using them for different applications.Finally,new gaps are discussed in ASHM to enhance the layer bonding and surface quality with the processes'effects on microstructures and performance.展开更多
Flexible and stretchable transparent electrodes are widely used in smart display,energy,wearable devices and other fields.Due to the limitations of flexibility and stretchability of indium tin oxide electrodes,alterna...Flexible and stretchable transparent electrodes are widely used in smart display,energy,wearable devices and other fields.Due to the limitations of flexibility and stretchability of indium tin oxide electrodes,alternative electrodes have appeared,such as metal films,metal nanowires,and conductive meshes.However,few of the above electrodes can simultaneously have excellent flexibility,stretchability,and optoelectronic properties.Nanofiber(NF),a continuous ultra-long one-dimensional conductive material,is considered to be one of the ideal materials for high-performance transparent electrodes with excellent properties due to its unique structure.This paper summarizes the important research progress of NF flexible transparent electrodes(FTEs)in recent years from the aspects of NF electrode materials,preparation technology and application.First,the unique advantages and limitations of various NF materials are systematically discussed.Then,we summarize the preparation technology of various advanced NF FTEs,and point out the future development trend.We also discuss the application of NFs in solar cells,supercapacitors,electric heating equipments,sensors,etc,and analyze its development potential in flexible electronic equipment,as well as problems that need to be solved.Finally,the challenges and future development trends are proposed in the wide application of NF FTEs in the field of flexible optoelectronics.展开更多
为了研究激光功率P、送粉速率f和扫描速度vf对熔覆层宏观质量的影响,采用正交试验进行激光熔化沉积的单层单道成形试验研究.以熔覆层的形状系数ξ为评价指标,通过极差分析获得P,f和vf对几何形貌影响的主次顺序.结果表明:在一定工艺参数...为了研究激光功率P、送粉速率f和扫描速度vf对熔覆层宏观质量的影响,采用正交试验进行激光熔化沉积的单层单道成形试验研究.以熔覆层的形状系数ξ为评价指标,通过极差分析获得P,f和vf对几何形貌影响的主次顺序.结果表明:在一定工艺参数范围内,f对熔覆层ξ的影响最大;最佳工艺参数组合是P,f和vf分别为1 k W,0.7 g/min和600 mm/min.利用X射线衍射法对增/减材复合制造316L不锈钢薄壁圆环表面残余应力的分布进行了试验研究.结果表明:试样表面的顶部和底部是拉应力,中间部分是压应力;铣削加工可以消除一部分残余应力.展开更多
基金Supported by Basic Research Project of Science and Technology Plan of Shenzhen(Grant No.JCYJ20170817111811303).
文摘New materials and manufacturing technologies require applicable non-destructive techniques for quality assurance so as to achieve better performance.This study comprehensively investigated the effect of influencing factors includ-ing excitation frequency,lift-off distance,defect depth and size,residual heat,and surface roughness on the defect EC signals of an Inconel 738LC alloy produced by selective laser melting(SLM).The experimental investigations recorded the impedance amplitude and phase angle of EC signals for each defect to explore the feasibility of detecting sub-surface defects by merely analyzing these two key indicators.Overall,this study revealed preliminary qualitative and roughly quantitative relationships between influencing factors and corresponding EC signals,which provided a prac-tical reference on how to quantitively inspect subsurface defects using eddy current testing(ECT)on SLMed parts,and also made solid progress toward on-line ECT in additive/subtractive hybrid manufacturing(ASHM)for fabricating SLMed parts with enhanced quality and better performance.
文摘Hybrid Manufacturing combines the advantages of Additive Manufacturing (AM)and Subtractive Manufacturing on a single machine.Although previous research has provided a good background of the manufacturing parameters,the analysis is often carried out separately and there is a lack of combined knowledge.The purpose of this research is to examine the influence of the main manufacturing parameters involved in AM and subtracfive processes using different variables.Particularly,the study is focused on the Material Extrusion process concerning the layer height,fill angle and fill density;as well as two factors related to machining,including stepover and pass direction.The parameters that were examined include the dimension,hardness, flatness,weight and roughness.A mulfifactofial Design of Experiments was proposed with a total of 64 samples.Next,a statistical analysis was carried out to assess the influence of the different groups on the response variables.Finally,a decision table presented and facilitated the selection of parameters depending on the desired objectives,leading to a framework that was applied to a case study for validation.This decision guide could enable designers and engineers to select the best strategy for a specific application,leading to a more efficient approach for manufacturing.
文摘Additive manufacturing(AM)processes are reliable techniques to build highly complex metallic parts.Direct energy deposition(DED)is one of the most common technologies to 3D print metal alloys.Despite a wide range of literature that has discussed the ability of DED in metal printing,weak binding,poor accuracy,and rough surface still exist in final products.Thus,limitations in 3D printing of metal powder and wire indicate post-processing techniques required to achieve high quality in both mechanical properties and surface quality.Therefore,hybrid manufacturing(HM),specifically additive/subtractive hybrid manufacturing(ASHM)of DED has been proposed to enhance product quality.ASHM is a capable process that combines two technologies with 3-axis or multi-axis machines.Different methods have been suggested to increase the accuracy of machines to find better quality and microstructure.In contrast,drawbacks in ASHM still exist such as limitations in existing reliable materials and poor accuracy in machine coordination to avoid collision in the multi-axes machine.It should be noted that there is no review work with focuses on both DED and hybridization of DED processes.Thus,in this review work,a unique study of DED in comparison to ASHM as well as novel techniques are discussed with the objective of showing the capabilities of each process and the benefits of using them for different applications.Finally,new gaps are discussed in ASHM to enhance the layer bonding and surface quality with the processes'effects on microstructures and performance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52175331)the Support plan for Outstanding Youth Innovation Team in Universities of Shandong Province,China(Grand No.2020KJB003)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(Granted Nos.ZR2022ME014,ZR2021ME139 and ZR2020ZD04)。
文摘Flexible and stretchable transparent electrodes are widely used in smart display,energy,wearable devices and other fields.Due to the limitations of flexibility and stretchability of indium tin oxide electrodes,alternative electrodes have appeared,such as metal films,metal nanowires,and conductive meshes.However,few of the above electrodes can simultaneously have excellent flexibility,stretchability,and optoelectronic properties.Nanofiber(NF),a continuous ultra-long one-dimensional conductive material,is considered to be one of the ideal materials for high-performance transparent electrodes with excellent properties due to its unique structure.This paper summarizes the important research progress of NF flexible transparent electrodes(FTEs)in recent years from the aspects of NF electrode materials,preparation technology and application.First,the unique advantages and limitations of various NF materials are systematically discussed.Then,we summarize the preparation technology of various advanced NF FTEs,and point out the future development trend.We also discuss the application of NFs in solar cells,supercapacitors,electric heating equipments,sensors,etc,and analyze its development potential in flexible electronic equipment,as well as problems that need to be solved.Finally,the challenges and future development trends are proposed in the wide application of NF FTEs in the field of flexible optoelectronics.
文摘为了研究激光功率P、送粉速率f和扫描速度vf对熔覆层宏观质量的影响,采用正交试验进行激光熔化沉积的单层单道成形试验研究.以熔覆层的形状系数ξ为评价指标,通过极差分析获得P,f和vf对几何形貌影响的主次顺序.结果表明:在一定工艺参数范围内,f对熔覆层ξ的影响最大;最佳工艺参数组合是P,f和vf分别为1 k W,0.7 g/min和600 mm/min.利用X射线衍射法对增/减材复合制造316L不锈钢薄壁圆环表面残余应力的分布进行了试验研究.结果表明:试样表面的顶部和底部是拉应力,中间部分是压应力;铣削加工可以消除一部分残余应力.
