Analysis of Maneuvering Flight of an Insect

Wing motion of a dragonfly in the maneuvering flight, which was measured by Wang et al. [1]was investigated. Equations of motion for a maneuvering flight of an insect were derived. These equations were applied for analyzing the maneuvering flight. Inertial forces and moments acting on a body and wings were estimated by using these equations and the measured motions of the body and the wings. The results indicated the following characteristics of this flight: (1)The phase difference in flapping motion between the two fore wings and two hind wings, and the phase difference between the flapping motion and the feathering motion of the four wings are equal to those in a steady forward flight with the maximum efficiency. (2)The camber change and the feathering motion were mainly controlled by muscles at the wing bases.

Numerical Study on Aerodynamic Performance of CK Drone Aircraft Air Inlet in Maneuvering Flight

In view of the engineering background that CK drone aircraft needs modification and upgrading to improve its maneuvering performance,numerical research and analysis of air inlet aerodynamic performance are carried out.Firstly,based on the introduction of the theoretical knowledge involved in aircraft maneuvering flight,parameters such as aircraft attitude and engine mass flow etc.required for the aerodynamic performance calculation of CK drone aircraft air inlet are determined.By analyzing the test data of WP6 engine inlet distortion simulation board,the typical indexes are extracted as the basis for evaluating the air inlet performance of CK drone aircraft.Then,the aerodynamic characteristics of the inlet of CK drone aircraft under different maneuvering conditions are numerically studied,and the total pressure recovery coefficient and pressure distortion index of the outlet section are obtained.Several conclusions and suggestions are formed after the study.When CK drone aircraft flies at positive angle of attack,the inlet has good aerodynamic characteristics,which can meet the requirements of engine intake during high maneuverable flight.In the flight of negative angle of attack,the total pressure loss and pressure distortion at the outlet section of air inlet increase sharply,which cannot guarantee the stable working of the engine.On the premise that the aircraft attitude is satisfied,CK drone aircraft can use three engine thrust states of"Rated","Modified rated"and"Maximum"for high maneuverable flight.

ADAPTIVE FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM OF ARMED HELICOPTER USING WAVELET NEURAL NETWORK METHOD

A discussion is devoted to the design of an adaptive flight control system of the armed helicopter using wavelet neural network method. Firstly, the control loop of the attitude angle is designed with a dynamic inversion scheme in a quick loop and a slow loop. respectively. Then, in order to compensate the error caused by dynamic inversion, the adaptive flight control system of the armed helicopter using wavelet neural network method is put forward, so the BP wavelet neural network and the Lyapunov stable wavelet neural network are used to design the helicopter flight control system. Finally, the typical maneuver flight is simulated to demonstrate its validity and effectiveness. Result proves that the wavelet neural network has an engineering practical value and the effect of WNN is good.

Unsteady aerodynamics modeling for flight dynamics application

In view of engineering application, it is practicable to decompose the aerodynamics into three components： the static aerodynamics, the aerodynamic increment due to steady rotations, and the aerodynamic increment due to unsteady separated and vortical flow. The first and the second components can be presented in conventional forms, while the third is described using a one-order differential equation and a radial-basis-function （RBF） network. For an aircraft configuration, the mathematical models of 6- component aerodynamic coefficients are set up from the wind tunnel test data of pitch, yaw, roll, and coupled yawroll large-amplitude oscillations. The flight dynamics of an aircraft is studied by the bifurcation analysis technique in the case of quasi-steady aerodynamics and unsteady aerodynam- ics, respectively. The results show that： （1） unsteady aerodynamics has no effect upon the existence of trim points, but affects their stability; （2） unsteady aerodynamics has great effects upon the existence, stability, and amplitudes of periodic solutions; and （3） unsteady aerodynamics changes the stable regions of trim points obviously. Furthermore, the dynamic responses of the aircraft to elevator deflections are inspected. It is shown that the unsteady aerodynamics is beneficial to dynamic stability for the present aircraft. Finally, the effects of unsteady aerodynamics on the post-stall maneuverability

Study on Intelligent Control and 3D Real-time Distributed Animation Simulation for Super-maneuver Attack of the New Generation Fighter

The super-maneuver flight performance has a very high tactical value, and the development of this tactical value has great significance. A discussion is devoted to the study of intelligent control methods and technologies of real-time distributed 3-dimensional animation simulation for the super-maneuverable attack of new generational fighter in this paper. A flight control system of super-maneuver is reconstructed by adopting three layers BP neural networks of number 3, and the fire/flight coupler is designed by introducing a fuzzy control rule whose universe of discourse and gain are regulated adaptively on the line. Furthermore, a new method of real-time distributed 3-dimensional animation simulation is put forward, and a real-time distributed 3-dimensional animation simulation tool platform is constructed in this paper. The simulation result is lifelike, perceivable directly and useful.

SA METHOD FOR PREDICTING THE PERFORMANCE OF DASH STOP MANEUVER OF HELICOPTER

The Dash Stop flight at the extreme condition is the primary interest of this study. This paper describes some research on the flight characteristics of helicopter in Dash Stop. A set of equations which govern the Dash Stop is developed. A method which determines the acceleration and deceleration is proposed. Formulas are then developed which relate the aircraft angular rates and attitudes to flight speed, angle of attack and acceleration or deceleration. Finally the DOLPHIN helicopter is taken as an example to calculate its acceleration/deceleration capability, pilot control and aircraft attitudes in space. It is found that the results are reasonable.

多源性能约束的无人机可靠动态航路规划算法

为提高无人机动态航路规划的安全性,提出一种基于机载导航系统实际导航性能和无人机机动性能的多源性能约束的改进A^(*)航路规划算法。分析了无人机航路规划系统架构及约束条件,构建了融合无人机最大允许转弯角、导航系统位置不确定度和最短路径的加权启发函数,实现无人机动态航路规划的多约束适应性,最后进行了仿真分析验证。仿真结果表明:在相同的运行环境下,基于性能约束的改进A^(*)算法所规划航路的安全裕度比传统A^(*)算法提高1.8倍,角度变化百分比降低为传统算法的42.4%,航路规划用时缩短28%,所规划航路的安全裕度和无人机机动性能符合度都得到有效改善。

Transient state analysis of a rub-impact rotor system during maneuvering flight

Maneuvering flight substantially affects the dynamic behavior of rotors;particularly,such flight may cause rubbing between a rotor and stator,which is one of the most serious damages in aircraft engines.In this paper,a nonlinear dynamic model for describing the dynamic characteristics of a rub-impact rotor system during maneuvering flight is established based on the Lagrange equations.Subsequently,numerical simulations employing the Newmark method are performed,delving into the detailed discussion of the influence of parameters such as rotational speed and maneuvering flight on the transient and steady-state responses of the rotor system.The effect mechanism of maneuver load and its coupling with rub impact is revealed.The results show that the impact response induced by maneuvering flight is more obvious in the subcritical state than in the supercritical state.The additional stiffness and damping are also induced;in particular,the additional damping has a coupling effect.Moreover,the rub impact imposes an additional constraint on the rotor system,thereby weakening the influence of the maneuver load and becoming the major factor that determines the dynamic behavior of the rotor system at high speeds.

吸气式高超声速机动飞行样式及其关键技术分析

机动飞行性能是确保吸气式高超声速飞行器实现多种应用的关键能力之一,本文重点对吸气式高超声速飞行器机动能力特点进行研究。首先分析了国外吸气式高超声速飞行器的发展趋势,就其典型机动能力水平和机动样式进行了初步分析,以美国当前典型高超声速导弹项目为例,梳理了吸气式高超声速飞行器的典型机动应用样式。在此基础上,从总体设计、气动外形、飞发一体、制导控制、多场耦合等方面,梳理分析了确保和提升吸气式高超声速飞行器机动能力的关键支撑性技术。

飞机大攻角空间机动气动力建模研究

准确的气动力模型是大攻角机动仿真与控制等飞行动力学问题研究的基础。针对纵向运动建立的非线性非定常气动力微分方程模型扩展应用于一般空间运动形式,在分析大攻角非定常流动机理和试验数据的基础上,发展了一种多自由度非线性非定常气动力数学模型,并探讨了模型辨识和参数估计问题。用全机构形的大攻角动态风洞试验数据对模型进行的验证表明所发展的气动力模型能够描述大攻角气动力主要的非线性和非定常特性。

低动压着舰状态下飞机的操纵特性研究

低动压着舰状态下飞机的操纵特性下降,导致轨迹角不能跟踪姿态角的变化,从而对着舰安全造成严重影响。首先通过剖析历史上已有的观点,提出研究低动压状态飞机轨迹角响应问题时应全面考虑速度稳定性、轨迹稳定性和机动性。其次对两种动力补偿系统进行了分析,其中速度恒定动力补偿实际上对应速度稳定性和轨迹稳定性,而迎角恒定动力补偿兼具速度稳定性、轨迹稳定性和机动性增强。最后的仿真证实,考虑速度稳定性、轨迹稳定性和机动性的迎角恒定动力补偿是全面的、可行的。

飞机超机动状态动力学特征及对控制系统的挑战

超机动能力作为第四代战斗机的重要标志性特征,在近距空战中具有极其重要的作用.针对非线性非定常气动效应、强耦合和操纵器异构冗余等超机动状态飞机的基本动力学特征,分析了其非线性气动力/力矩、非定常迟滞效应、参数快时变、惯性耦合和推力矢量等因素给控制系统带来的挑战,总结了超机动飞机的非线性非定常气动力建模、飞行控制和控制分配的研究现状,给出了一种基于非线性补偿和气动力模型数据库的鲁棒解耦控制策略,为超机动飞行控制方法的工程应用提供了参考.

直升机机动飞行新分析方法

提出了一种研究直升机机动飞行新的分析方法。不同于以往研究直升机机动飞行的逆解方法,该方法用若干导航参数来描述机动科目,简化了机动科目的数学描述,通过综合运用导航、控制和直升机飞行动力学方法来确定完成飞行品质规范规定的直升机机动飞行科目所需的操纵量,提高了研究机动飞行的分析计算效率。以UH 60直升机为例,分别针对ADS-33E-PRF所规定的障碍滑雪机动科目和向心回转机动科目,得到完成机动科目所需的操纵,结果合理。

基于ATR动力的飞行器性能分析

空气涡轮冲压发动机(ATR)是一种具有大空域、宽速域特点的新型吸气式组合动力。为了分析这种动力的应用特点,文中首先进行了ATR发动机和某型涡扇发动机性能的对比,然后按相同飞行器平台进行了加速和爬升等基本飞行性能的分析,获得了切向过载和经济爬升性等指标的比较结果。结果表明ATR动力可以提升飞行器机动性,扩展飞行包线。

超机动飞机非线性建模仿真与操纵特性分析

研究建立较为准确的超机动飞机非线性模型,对新型战斗机的研发具有重要意义。在分析超机动飞机非线性特性的基础上,建立了带推力矢量的超机动飞机非线性动态模型,着重分析了气动力、气动力矩以及发动机的建模过程。为改善系统的动态特性,采用动态逆结合PID的方法设计了超机动飞机在大迎角机动下的控制律,并进行了"眼睛蛇"机动仿真。根据"眼镜蛇"机动的仿真结果,分析了超机动飞机在大迎角飞行时操纵特性,证明了所建立模型的合理性与有效性。

飞翼无人机机动飞行航迹优化和自生成方法

虚拟机动指令是飞翼无人机机动飞行的基础,是制导回路和控制回路必要的输入。为了生成合理虚拟机动指令,提出了优化基本航路—建立机动数据库—战场信息匹配输出的机动飞行航路生成方法。由于复杂的机动动作可由基本机动动作组合而成,本文以飞翼无人机基本机动飞行动作为优化研究对象,提出了以飞翼无人机控制量变化率为优化参数、航迹片段建立约束条件的无人机机动航路优化方法。其中,机动飞行控制量变化率体现了无人机控制能力的限制;航迹片段约束体现了航迹准确和操作柔和的要求,并对无人机的筋斗、滚桶、盘旋机动进行了优化计算,介绍了机动数据库建立的方法。最后,以机动目标跟踪和有人机追击为设定进行了仿真,结果显示所提方法有效。

细长体简谐振动绕流的数值模拟

用数值模拟方法研究了椭圆锥细长体简谐振动（模拟飞行器的曲线机动飞行）非定常过程的流场特性。数值模拟的出发方程是可压缩流的全N－S方程，计算格式为TVD格式。数值模拟中，研究了细长体简谐振动绕流的非定常流场特性、不同振动缩减频率和压缩性效应的影响，揭示了非定常流场的特性和流动机理。

水平风洞模型自由飞试验技术研究现状及展望

介绍国外水平风洞模型自由飞试验技术研究现状,阐述水平风洞模型自由飞试验平台的组成、作用与意义,重点展望该试验技术的应用前景。对试验平台中动力相似模型设计加工技术、动力模拟技术、舵机运动控制技术、模型姿态实时精确测量技术、飞行控制系统设计与集成技术等关键技术问题进行分析,对发展该试验技术具有指导作用。完善水平风洞模型自由飞试验技术,把传统风洞试验拓展到流动-飞行-控制一体化试验,有利于全面研究和充分挖掘飞行器的气动性能与控制性能,对新一代飞机器的发展、新概念新技术的工程应用将起到重要的推动作用。

作战飞机武器投放战术机动飞行性能分析与计算

飞行员进行武器投放需要在相当短的时间内做出一连串准确、高难度的动作,对武器投放战术进行定量分析和计算至关重要。对现代战机进行武器投放常用的跃升俯冲对地攻击战术按照分阶段的方式进行分解,并采用飞机的机动性能模型对该战术过程进行飞行性能分析,最后进行了模型计算及实现,得到飞机使用该战术进行武器投放的机动飞行轨迹及轨迹上的特征点序列。

Correlation Analysis of Energy Consumption of Agricultural Rotorcraft

With the rapid development of unmanned aerial vehicle technology,unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)have been widely used in the field of agricultural plant protection.Compared with fuel-driven UAVs,electrically driven rotorcrafts have many advantages such as lower cost,simpler operation,good maneuverability and cleaner power,which them popular in the plant protection.However,electrical rotorcrafts still face battery problems in actual operation,which limits its working time and application.Aiming at this issue,this paper studied the influence of rotorcraft flight parameters on energy consumption through series of carefully designed flight experiments.First of all,the linear motion experiments have been designed that the rotorcraft was made to perform speed tests and acceleration test with the speed varied from 2∼9 m/s.Secondly,the turning maneuver experiments are carried out under the different circular routes,a rotorcraft was made to conduct successive steering maneuvers at a certain speed of 2 m/s.With the collected tests data,the relation of the energy consumption and the flight dynamic parameter are analyzed through correlation analysis,and the test results of different pairs of experiments have been compared.The research results of this paper would encourage the agricultural rotorcraft to make less maneuvers during operation,which can also provide practical experience and data support for subsequent optimization of flight parameters and reduction of energy consumption.