An innovative in-flight glass melting technology with induced thermal plasmas was developed for the purpose of energy conservation and environmental protection. Two-dimensional modeling was used to simulate the thermo...An innovative in-flight glass melting technology with induced thermal plasmas was developed for the purpose of energy conservation and environmental protection. Two-dimensional modeling was used to simulate the thermofluid fields in the plasma torch. The in-flight melting behavior of glass raw material was investigated by various analysis methods. Results showed that the plasma temperature was up to 10000 K with a maximum velocity over 30 m/s, which made it possible to melt the granulated glass raw material within milliseconds. The carbonates in the raw material decomposed completely and the compounds in the raw material attainted 100% vitrification during the in-flight time from the nozzle exit to substrate. The particle melting process is similar to the unreacted-core shrinking model.展开更多
An innovative in-flight glass melting technology with a multi-phase AC arc plasma was developed to save energy and reduce emissions for the glass industry. The effect of the injection position on the in-flight melting...An innovative in-flight glass melting technology with a multi-phase AC arc plasma was developed to save energy and reduce emissions for the glass industry. The effect of the injection position on the in-flight melting behavior of granulated powders was investigated. Results show that the injection position has a strong effect on the melting behavior of alkali-free glass raw material. With the increase in injection distance, the vitrification, decomposition, and particle shrinkage of initial powders are improved. Longer injection distance causes much energy to transfer to particles due to a longer residence time of powder in the high temperature zone. The high vitrification and decomposition degrees indicate that the new in-flight melting technology with 12-phase AC arc can substantially reduce the melting and refining time for glass production.展开更多
目的探究无创诊断对儿童颅内动静脉畸形(AVM)隐匿性病变的及时精准诊断及评估价值.方法选取2017年1月至2018年12月河北省儿童医院65例疑似AVM患儿为观察组,均行MRI及3D-TOF-MT-MRA检查,比较两种检查方法图像质量、信噪比(SNR)、对比度...目的探究无创诊断对儿童颅内动静脉畸形(AVM)隐匿性病变的及时精准诊断及评估价值.方法选取2017年1月至2018年12月河北省儿童医院65例疑似AVM患儿为观察组,均行MRI及3D-TOF-MT-MRA检查,比较两种检查方法图像质量、信噪比(SNR)、对比度噪声比(CNR),以数字减影血管造影(DSA)检查结果为"金标准",比较MRI、3D-TOF-MT-MRA单独及联合诊断儿童AVM的价值及评估Spetzler-Martin分级的准确性,另选取本院收治的65例AVM患儿为对照组,两组均根据术前影像学检查结果制定手术治疗方案,比较两组手术前后生活质量(PedsQLTM4.0评分)、预后情况(改良Rankin评分),随访3年,统计比较两组并发症发生率和死亡率.结果3D-TOF-MT-MRA检查的图像质量、SNR、CNR均高于MRI检查(P<0.05);MRI、3D-TOF-MT-MRA诊断儿童AVM的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)分别为0.864、0.883,二者联合诊断的AUC最大,为0.939,联合诊断的敏感度、特异度、准确度分别为97.78%、90.00%、95.38%;MRI联合3D-TOF-MT-MRA评估Spetzler-Martin分级的准确度(97.78%)高于MRI单独评估(80.00%)(P<0.05),但与3D-TOF-MT-MRA单独评估的准确度(88.89%)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组术后PedsQLTM4.0评分均高于术前,且观察组高于对照组,mRS评分均低于术前,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组并发症总发生率、死亡率(6.82%、4.55%)均低于对照组(22.22%、17.46%)(P<0.05).结论3D-TOF-MT-MRA联合MRI诊断儿童AVM能有效提高诊断敏感度及准确度,且在评估Spetzler-Martin分级方面具有较高可靠性,有助于及时精准判定儿童AVM病情,指导临床制定最佳治疗方法,从而改善患儿预后.展开更多
基金the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization of Japan(No.A0006)
文摘An innovative in-flight glass melting technology with induced thermal plasmas was developed for the purpose of energy conservation and environmental protection. Two-dimensional modeling was used to simulate the thermofluid fields in the plasma torch. The in-flight melting behavior of glass raw material was investigated by various analysis methods. Results showed that the plasma temperature was up to 10000 K with a maximum velocity over 30 m/s, which made it possible to melt the granulated glass raw material within milliseconds. The carbonates in the raw material decomposed completely and the compounds in the raw material attainted 100% vitrification during the in-flight time from the nozzle exit to substrate. The particle melting process is similar to the unreacted-core shrinking model.
基金supported by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization of Japan and the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars,State Education Ministry of China
文摘An innovative in-flight glass melting technology with a multi-phase AC arc plasma was developed to save energy and reduce emissions for the glass industry. The effect of the injection position on the in-flight melting behavior of granulated powders was investigated. Results show that the injection position has a strong effect on the melting behavior of alkali-free glass raw material. With the increase in injection distance, the vitrification, decomposition, and particle shrinkage of initial powders are improved. Longer injection distance causes much energy to transfer to particles due to a longer residence time of powder in the high temperature zone. The high vitrification and decomposition degrees indicate that the new in-flight melting technology with 12-phase AC arc can substantially reduce the melting and refining time for glass production.
文摘目的探究无创诊断对儿童颅内动静脉畸形(AVM)隐匿性病变的及时精准诊断及评估价值.方法选取2017年1月至2018年12月河北省儿童医院65例疑似AVM患儿为观察组,均行MRI及3D-TOF-MT-MRA检查,比较两种检查方法图像质量、信噪比(SNR)、对比度噪声比(CNR),以数字减影血管造影(DSA)检查结果为"金标准",比较MRI、3D-TOF-MT-MRA单独及联合诊断儿童AVM的价值及评估Spetzler-Martin分级的准确性,另选取本院收治的65例AVM患儿为对照组,两组均根据术前影像学检查结果制定手术治疗方案,比较两组手术前后生活质量(PedsQLTM4.0评分)、预后情况(改良Rankin评分),随访3年,统计比较两组并发症发生率和死亡率.结果3D-TOF-MT-MRA检查的图像质量、SNR、CNR均高于MRI检查(P<0.05);MRI、3D-TOF-MT-MRA诊断儿童AVM的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)分别为0.864、0.883,二者联合诊断的AUC最大,为0.939,联合诊断的敏感度、特异度、准确度分别为97.78%、90.00%、95.38%;MRI联合3D-TOF-MT-MRA评估Spetzler-Martin分级的准确度(97.78%)高于MRI单独评估(80.00%)(P<0.05),但与3D-TOF-MT-MRA单独评估的准确度(88.89%)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组术后PedsQLTM4.0评分均高于术前,且观察组高于对照组,mRS评分均低于术前,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组并发症总发生率、死亡率(6.82%、4.55%)均低于对照组(22.22%、17.46%)(P<0.05).结论3D-TOF-MT-MRA联合MRI诊断儿童AVM能有效提高诊断敏感度及准确度,且在评估Spetzler-Martin分级方面具有较高可靠性,有助于及时精准判定儿童AVM病情,指导临床制定最佳治疗方法,从而改善患儿预后.
