The Association between Fear of COVID-19,Obsession with COVID-19,and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder in Korean Emergency Rescue Firefighters:A Cross-Sectional Study

During the rapid spread of COVID-19,first responders are at risk of being exposed to COVID-19 due to their role in providing first aid and responding to an unspecified number of people.This uncertainty can have adverse mental health effects,such as increased anxiety and fear.This study aimed to investigate the degree of association between fear of COVID-19,obsession with COVID-19,and post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)in emergency rescue firefighters.The participants were 150 emergency rescue firefighters working in Region S,Korea.They filled out self-report questionnaires:The data obtained through the Fear of COVID-19 Scale,Obsession with COVID-19 Scale,and Impact of Event Scale-Revised Korean version were subjected to nonparametric statistical analysis using SPSS WIN 25.0.The study found a significant correlation between emergency rescue firefighters’fear of COVID-19,obsession with COVID-19,and PTSD.Fear and obsession with COVID-19 were higher among first responder firefighters who were directly involved in COVID-19-related tasks.Furthermore,a one-point increase in obsession was associated with a 2.837-point increase in PTSD.Based on the results,we found that there is a need for effective control of obsessions and fears among first responder firefighters during COVID-19,and we suggest that there is a need for mental health care for first responder firefighters during the pandemic through the development and support of programs to prevent and mitigate obsessions.

Analysis of the Emergency Rescue Nursing Intervention Effect and Rescue Success Rate for Patients with Traumatic Hemorrhagic Shock

Objective:To analyze the value of emergency rescue nursing intervention in the care of patients with traumatic hemorrhagic shock and its impact on the success rate of rescue efforts.Methods:A total of 80 patients with traumatic hemorrhagic shock were selected as samples,with the timeframe from July 2022 to July 2023.The patients were randomly divided into two groups using a random number table method.Group A received emergency rescue nursing,while Group B received routine nursing care.The success rate of rescue,rescue indicators,complication rates,and family satisfaction with nursing care were compared between the two groups.Results:The rescue success rate in Group A was higher than in Group B(P<0.05);the total blood loss in Group A was less,and the rescue time,full transportation time,and hospitalization time were shorter than in Group B(P<0.05);the complication rate of patients with traumatic hemorrhagic shock in Group A was lower than in Group B(P<0.05);the family satisfaction with emergency nursing care in Group A was higher than in Group B(P<0.05).Conclusion:Emergency rescue interventions for patients with traumatic hemorrhagic shock can reduce blood loss,shorten rescue times,and improve the success rate of shock rescue,providing a safe and effective approach.

Location of emergency rescue center based on SIR epidemiological model

In view of the pressure time of emergency rescue against the infectious diseases,a mathematical model to optimize the location of emergency rescue centers is proposed.The model takes full account of the spread function of infectious diseases,the cycle of pulse vaccination,the distance between the demand area and the emergency rescue centers,as well as the building and maintenance cost for the emergency rescue center,and so on.At the same time,the model integrates the traditional location selection models which are the biggest cover model,the p-center model and the p-median model,and it embodies the principles of fairness and efficiency for the emergency center location.Finally,a computation of an example arising from practice provides satisfactory results.

Fractional order PID control for steer-by-wire system of emergency rescue vehicle based on genetic algorithm

Aiming at dealing with the difficulty for traditional emergency rescue vehicle(ECV)to enter into limited rescue scenes,the electro-hydraulic steer-by-wire(SBW)system is introduced to achieve the multi-mode steering of the ECV.The overall structure and mathematical model of the SBW system are described at length.The fractional order proportional-integral-derivative(FOPID)controller based on fractional calculus theory is designed to control the steering cylinder’s movement in SBW system.The anti-windup problem is considered in the FOPID controller design to reduce the bad influence of saturation.Five parameters of the FOPID controller are optimized using the genetic algorithm by maximizing the fitness function which involves integral of time by absolute value error(ITAE),peak overshoot,as well as settling time.The time-domain simulations are implemented to identify the performance of the raised FOPID controller.The simulation results indicate the presented FOPID controller possesses more effective control properties than classical proportional-integral-derivative(PID)controller on the part of transient response,tracking capability and robustness.

Spatial Accessibility of Emergency Facilities to Road Accident Victims in Federal Capital City

This paper studied the spatial accessibility of emergency facilities to road accident victims in Federal Capital City to determine the sufficiency of existing emergency health care facilities and rescue facilities in servicing accident victims. This is useful for developing means of saving the lives of accident victims in the Federal Fapital City (FCC). The data used comprised of Nigerian Sat II 2013 multispectral imagery (5 m multispectral and 2.5 m Panchromatic) of FCC obtained from the National Space Research and Development Agency (NARSDA), coordinates of seventy (70) accident black spots, five (5) zebra points and sixteen (16) emergency health care facilities obtained from Federal Road Safety Commission (FRSC). ArcGIS 10.0 software was used to display, visualize, identify and extract features from the imagery, and create maps from different layers of the spatial data, choose colors and symbols, create buffer zones, analyze spatial relationships, and design map layouts. Purposeful sampling method was adopted to administer 99 questionnaires to accident victims in the hospitals within the FCC. The spatial data were used to determine the time of rescue, type of rescue and coverage time of rescue operation. The statistical data were used to assess the spatio-temporal distribution of accidents and determine the level of response by the rescue teams. The results show that accident victims have adequate access to health facilities but inadequate access to zebra points, and passers-by have more effective accident response than the government action agencies. Specific points for the creation of additional zebra points were identified through buffering, and the creation of sustainable Good Samaritan programs and training for community persons in first aid were suggested. Meanwhile, further research to determine the impact of time of rescue, type of rescue and category of hospital on the accident victims was suggested.

Comparison of Emergency Management Strategies for Nosocomial Infections Between Two Earthquakes

Aim:Based on the experience of the 5.12 Wenchuan Earthquake and the 8.8 Jiuzhaigou Earthquake,the emergency management strategies for nosocomial infections were compared between the two earthquakes.The experience shared in the present study provides a guideline for the emergency medical rescue of future earthquake.Methods:The patients involved in this study were those injured in the earthquake and admitted to the hospital for treatment.As an earthquake relief center,the hospital participated in the emergency rescue work of the two recent major earthquakes in western China.Review analysis was carried out in the hospital's infection control experience adopted in the two major earthquakes.It was emphasized that,targeting the characteristics and difficulties in the prevention and control of nosocomial infection,different innovative infection control emergency strategies were adopted by the frontline disaster relief hospitals,under the special circumstances and medical conditions in an earthquake disaster.Results:According to the different focus of infection control in the two earthquakes,different hospital infection control strategies were adopted,and the incidence of nosocomial infections was effectively controlled.

I-Gel: A Rescue Intubation Device in Unanticipated Difficult Intubation for Emergency Laparotomy

The “i-gel” is a newer, non-inflatable supraglottic airway device for clinical use and also for resuscitation purposes. It has also been found to be a useful ventilation and intubation device in anticipated simulated difficult airway situations. However, its use in unanticipated difficult airway situations in emergency set up has not been explored. We describe a case of 24 year male posted for emergency laparotomy that turned out to have an unanticipated difficult airway. Attempts to intubation and ProSeal Laryngeal Mask Airway insertion failed. However, “i-gel” proved to be a very handy intubating conduit in this critical situation.

Protective equipment for emergency rescue in alpine-cold region

Alpine-cold regions are characterized as hypoxia,strong wind,heavy rain,cold climate,huge temperature difference between day and night,and vertical climate. All these make it difficult for an emergency rescue when a natural disaster such as earthquake happens. Based on the characteristics of emergency rescue in alpinecold region,several multifunctional protective equipments have been developed by the Quartermaster Equipment Institute of General Logistics Departmen(tGLD)of the Chinese People's Liberation Army(CPLA). These equipments are lightweight,durable and environment adaptable.

Effect of Emergency Care Process Optimization on Rescue Efficiency of Emergency Patients

Objective: This paper discusses the impact of emergency care process optimization on the rescue efficiency of emergency patients. Methods: 102 cases of emergency patients received from January 2017 to February 2018 in our hospital were selected as research objects. According to the order of treatment, they were divided into control group and observation group. The routine nursing process was given to the control group, and the observation group was given an optimized nursing process to compare the rescue efficiency and nursing satisfaction of the two groups. Results: According to the results of the study, the nursing satisfaction of the two groups was compared. Among them, the total satisfaction of the observation group was 49, accounting for 96.07%;the control group was very satisfied with the nursing work, accounting for 82.35%. There was a significant difference in nursing satisfaction between the two groups, which was statistically significant (P<0.05). Comparing the rescue efficiency of the two groups of patients, the observation time, rescue time, infusion time and disease remission time were significantly lower than the control group, the rescue success rate was 94.11%, and the rescue success rate of the control group was 78.43%. The results have statistical significance (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The optimization of emergency nursing process can greatly improve the rescue efficiency of emergency patients, reduce the disability rate and mortality, improve the quality of nursing, and enhance the satisfaction of nursing. It is worthy of clinical promotion practice.

Collaboration mechanism of intercity emergency rescue ecosystem

With the development of metropolitan regions and the appearance of urban agglomerations, cities have been more closely related. For the restricted emergency rescue resource in a single city, it has become more and more imminent for the demand of the intercity collaborative resistance to major accident, so as to improve the protection capacity of urban security. In order to find an effective intercity, emergency rescue collaborative system, this paper introduces the concept and analysis method of ecosystem theory into intercity emergency, rescue. Based on the analysis of the formation-process of emergency rescue individual, population and community： a throe-level intercity emergency rescue collaborative system is constructed according to the characteristics of dynamics and structure of intercity emergency rescue ecosystem then the collaboration mechanism of information, resource and process in the interceity emergency rescue ecosystem is also studied in this paper; so as to offer available strategy and method for the ecosystem theory applied to intercity, emergency rescue. Through the studies of intereity emergency rescue ecosystem. it illuminates that the proposed emergency system can not Only cope with the major accident more timely and effectively but also integrate the intercity information resources and emergency rescue resource and process optimization.

Research on the Interactive Training Pattern and the Applications on the Modern Emergency Rescue Training Activities

In this paper, we conduct research on the interactive training pattern and the applications on the modern emergency rescue training activities. In emergency rescue training linkage the ecological communities, important is not gathered themselves together, and not the size of the momentum and the strength that is not the amount of emergency rescue training linkage performance, important is the ecological communities each organic elements in the function of the cohesion, lies in the relationship between the organic elements in ecological communities, the construction and the development is the specific ecological communities in action elements of emergency rescue training, joint quality lies in the emergency rescue training. These contents are involved in the emergency rescue training linkage management model of concrete. Under this basis, we integrate the condition of the Hainan Medical School to propose the corresponding suggestions that will enhance the performance.

A Method of Emergency Volunteer Team Internal Participation in Rescue Decision-Making Considering Psychological Behavior

A method for internal participation in rescue decision-making of emergency volunteer teams considering psychological behavior is proposed to address the time sequence of rescue tasks.Firstly,the problem of multi-tasking and multi-operation within the emergency volunteer team is described.Secondly,considering that task leaders are influenced by behavioral and psychological factors in the evaluation,the required time for the job is used as a reference point,and the expected time that volunteers can complete the job is used as an attribute value.The task leader's prospect satisfaction value for each volunteer is calculated based on prospect theory,and the perceived utility values of disappointment theory and regret theory are calculated to measure the task leader's satisfaction with each volunteer.Furthermore,a multilayer coded genetic algorithm is used to construct an optimization model for emergency volunteer decision-making with the objective of maximizing the satisfaction value.Finally,the feasibility and effectiveness of this method are illustrated by an example analysis.The result shows that the efficiency of rescue tasks can be improved through decision optimization within the volunteer team.

Constructing of wireless emergency communication system for underground coal mine based on WMN technology

Based on the Wireless Mesh Network (WMN), a wireless emergency communicationsystem for underground coal mine which was designed to be capable of videosurveillance, voice communication, and environment monitoring at the same time wasproposed.The network architecture of the system was proposed, and its service model,extensible technology, medium access control, routing algorithm, channel allocation andsystem management technologies were analyzed according to the actual rescue requirementsof underground coal mine and the characteristics of underground spatial structureand radio transmissions.The relevant theories and key technologies were extracted,which would provide theoretical support for the system development.

某三级甲等医院建设紧急医学救援基地的实践探索

近年来,国内各种自然灾害和突发事件频繁发生,严重威胁广大人民群众生命财产安全。为积极应对各种突发事件,某三甲医院完善组织架构,全面加强区域协同救援体系;聚力打造一流平台,加快推进紧急医学救治能力升级;强化内涵质量,全力保障紧急医学救治高质量发展,全方位提升了医院应急状态下紧急救援能力,以高水平的救治能力为广大人民群众提供优质医疗服务,并为其他医疗机构创建省级紧急医学救援基地工作提供参考。

一种矿用本安型自组网基站设计

针对灾后矿井下通信链路中断,救援人员信息无法互通的问题,设计1种矿用本安型自组网基站;设备基于SDR平台,采用FPGA+ADIAD9361+本质安全电路的方案,利用无线Mesh网络技术的无线多跳、自组织和强自愈能力,在矿井下供电、通信系统都被摧毁的环境下,能够快速、方便地组建无线通信网络,同时为矿井下的手持终端、矿用布控球、矿用信息记录仪等终端设备提供无线覆盖,实现事故现场与前方指挥部的信息互通。测试结果表明:基站具有自备电源、安全系数高、体积小、质量轻、功耗小等优点,2.4 GHz和1.4 GHz双频段无线组网,多跳能力为视频6~8跳,单跳传输距离大于200 m,单跳传输时延小于7 ms,功耗小于15 W,可连续工作4.5 h,可解决矿山各种事故灾害应急救援过程中遇到的通信问题。

中国航空医疗救护的发展与建议

航空医疗救护是航空应急救援在医疗领域的应用。利用航空器提供紧急医疗服务,为危急重症患者提供生命和健康支持,特别是在突发事件的重大伤情中,可以为患者争取黄金救援时间。基于现有文献、政府文件、调查访谈、会议交流、公开数据等开展研究,梳理中国航空医疗救护的发展历程、重要事件、经验教训、问题与对策发现,中国航空医疗救护虽有长足发展,但仍与民众需求相距较远。研究表明,中国航空医疗救护的应用场景以院间转运为主,运行模式多样,参与救护的力量多元,救护机构围绕资金、技术、战略、政策、管理等要素存在竞争。中国航空医疗救护水平与部分发达国家差距较大,存在体系不完善、程序复杂、力量薄弱、资金不足等问题。为此,建议在领导机构、经费来源、政策支持、技术资源保障等方面加强建设,在突发事件的应急救援中增加航空医疗救护能力,在医疗紧急救护中增加航空急救和转运能力。

海拔对隧道救援站列车火灾烟气蔓延特性的影响

采用三维非定常N-S方程和完全浮力修正的RNG k-ε湍流模型,基于滑移网格技术实现列车在隧道内的运动过程模拟,构建高海拔隧道紧急救援站列车火灾数值模拟方法,并利用现有动模型试验和隧道静止火灾试验数据验证数值模拟方法的可靠性和正确性,研究海拔对事故隧道、紧急救援站和列车中部车厢附近横通道内的烟气流速和温度分布的影响规律。研究结果表明:当着火列车驶入隧道紧急救援站时,活塞风主导了火灾烟气的蔓延趋势;在列车停车瞬间,随着海拔增大,事故隧道拱顶处和列车中部车厢附近横通道拱顶处的烟气流速峰值及温度峰值逐渐增大;列车停车后,活塞风逐渐衰减,烟气开始在隧道拱顶处向火源上游逆流;随着海拔增大,紧急救援站下游高温区域蔓延范围逐渐扩大,事故隧道拱顶处温度峰值随之升高;随着时间推移,高海拔与低海拔隧道拱顶处的温度峰值差异逐渐增大,可能对更高海拔隧道救援站内的人员安全造成更大的威胁;不同海拔处列车中部车厢附近横通道内人眼高度处的温度均超过330 K(对人体有危害),且在同一时刻,海拔越高,横通道内高温烟气层高度越低,烟气沉降速度明显加快。

“大应急”框架下应急救援综合性人才培养模式研究

为满足大应急框架下对综合性应急救援人才的要求,从深化应急基础理论知识体系、加强应急实践技能培养、推进综合素质提升3个方面,提出应急救援专业综合性人才培养模式。首先基于应急救援的预防、准备、响应和恢复等4阶段全周期过程,以应急管理和应急技术为两轴,构建立体化的应急基础理论知识体系;然后以学校为主导,发挥实训基地专业优势,强化全灾种应急救援技能培养;最后搭建“政产学研用”五位一体协同实践育人模式,提升应急救援人才综合素质,以满足面向多主体的需求,包含应急管理能力、应急技术应用能力、应急创新实践能力等。结合大应急的工作内容和实际应用探索大应急框架下应急救援综合性人才育人模式,可以建立人才培养与实务工作需求之间的紧密联系,为培养适应全灾种、覆盖全周期、面向多主体的应急救援高层次应用型人才提供支持。

公共安全与保障视角下的应急救援装备工业设计及应用研究综述

目的围绕公共安全与保障视角下的应急救援装备工业设计的理论、方法和案例。综述目前领域内的国内外研究现状和前沿成果,分析装备未来发展与应用前景。方法目前我国产业变革加速、公共安全与保障面临重大挑战,对应急救援装备设计与发展提出了更高要求。本文基于公共安全应急处置情景下“防护”与“救援”两个层面,梳理国内外典型个体防护和应急救援装备的工业设计需求、关键特征和支撑技术。结论针对我国公共安全与保障领域的个体防护与应急急救援装备需求,对比分析了国内外发展现状,梳理了政府政策支持和保障措施,总结了装备工业设计发展面临的机遇与挑战,提出了未来的应用前景,为我国防灾、减灾、救灾和公共安全应急处置的关键保障装备发展建设提供了新方向与新思路。

考虑大五人格特质的应急救援人员派遣模型

为提高应急救援人员任务分配的科学性,针对应急救援人员性格特征对履行救援任务的关键作用,提出了考虑大五人格特质的应急救援人员派遣模型。构建应急救援人员大五人格特质与任务的匹配模型,进而描述其救援能力,运用证据理论结合最佳-最差方法(Best Worst Method,BWM)定量化地评估应急救援人员与救援任务的匹配性。以知识累积函数中的边际效用递减效应预估应急救援人员紧急培训的最佳时间。以人员与任务匹配度最大和救援人员培训和派遣时间最短建立应急救援人员派遣优化模型。通过算例验证表明,该模型能使人员与任务的匹配性达到最佳,有效提升应急救援人员的救援能力,提高应急救援的效率。