Early flowering promotes early maturity, production, and the capacity to counteract biotic and abiotic stresses, making it an important agronomic trait in zucchini. The present study demonstrated that the zucchini inb...Early flowering promotes early maturity, production, and the capacity to counteract biotic and abiotic stresses, making it an important agronomic trait in zucchini. The present study demonstrated that the zucchini inbred line ‘19’ consistently flowered early, taking significantly fewer days to bloom the first female flower(DFF) than the inbred line ‘113’. Genetic analysis revealed that DFF, an inheritable quantitative trait, is controlled by multiple genes. Based on the strategy of quantitative trait locus(QTL) sequencing(QTL-seq) combined with linkage analysis, three QTLs for DFF were identified on chromosomes 4, 11, and 20. This study used additional F2 populations grown under different environmental conditions for QTL mapping analysis of DFF with insertion/deletion(InDel) markers to validate these results. Using the composite interval mapping(CIM) method of R/qtl software, we only identified one major locus under all environmental conditions, located in a 117-kb candidate region on chromosome 20. Based on gene annotation, gene sequence alignment, and qRT-PCR analysis, we found that the Cp4.1LG20g08050 gene encoding a RING finger protein may be a candidate gene for the opposite regulation of early flowering in zucchini. In summary, these results lay a foundation for a better understanding of early flowering and improving early flowering-based breeding strategies in zucchini.展开更多
Potassium(K) and phosphorus(P) applications improve growth,increase yield and yield components of sunflower(Helianthus annuus L.) on K and P deficient soils in Northwest Pakistan.A field experiment was conducted using...Potassium(K) and phosphorus(P) applications improve growth,increase yield and yield components of sunflower(Helianthus annuus L.) on K and P deficient soils in Northwest Pakistan.A field experiment was conducted using sunflower cv.Hysun-33 at the New Developmental Research Farm of KPK Agricultural University,Peshawar,Pakistan,during summer 2006.The experimental design was a randomized complete block in split plot arrangements,with six levels of K(0,25,50,75,100,and 125 kg K ha-1) as main plots and four levels of P(0,45,90,and 135 kg P ha-1) as sub-plots with three replications.Sunflower yield and yield components responded positively to K and P fertilization but the magnitude of response varied with the levels of K and P.Days to flowering and maturity,grains per head,1000-grain weight,shelling percentage,and grain yield increased tremendously in the K and P-fertilized plots as compared to the control with no K and P applied.The combined application of 100 kg K and 45 kg P ha-1 significantly increased yield components,grain yield,harvest index,and shelling percentage of sunflower,suggesting that 100 kg K ha-1 in combination with 45 kg P ha-1 could maximize productivity of sunflower planted after wheat on the K and P deficient soils in the study area.展开更多
基金supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32072590 and 32002051)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2019M661244)the Academic Backbone Foundation of Northeast Agricultural University, China (20XG03)。
文摘Early flowering promotes early maturity, production, and the capacity to counteract biotic and abiotic stresses, making it an important agronomic trait in zucchini. The present study demonstrated that the zucchini inbred line ‘19’ consistently flowered early, taking significantly fewer days to bloom the first female flower(DFF) than the inbred line ‘113’. Genetic analysis revealed that DFF, an inheritable quantitative trait, is controlled by multiple genes. Based on the strategy of quantitative trait locus(QTL) sequencing(QTL-seq) combined with linkage analysis, three QTLs for DFF were identified on chromosomes 4, 11, and 20. This study used additional F2 populations grown under different environmental conditions for QTL mapping analysis of DFF with insertion/deletion(InDel) markers to validate these results. Using the composite interval mapping(CIM) method of R/qtl software, we only identified one major locus under all environmental conditions, located in a 117-kb candidate region on chromosome 20. Based on gene annotation, gene sequence alignment, and qRT-PCR analysis, we found that the Cp4.1LG20g08050 gene encoding a RING finger protein may be a candidate gene for the opposite regulation of early flowering in zucchini. In summary, these results lay a foundation for a better understanding of early flowering and improving early flowering-based breeding strategies in zucchini.
文摘Potassium(K) and phosphorus(P) applications improve growth,increase yield and yield components of sunflower(Helianthus annuus L.) on K and P deficient soils in Northwest Pakistan.A field experiment was conducted using sunflower cv.Hysun-33 at the New Developmental Research Farm of KPK Agricultural University,Peshawar,Pakistan,during summer 2006.The experimental design was a randomized complete block in split plot arrangements,with six levels of K(0,25,50,75,100,and 125 kg K ha-1) as main plots and four levels of P(0,45,90,and 135 kg P ha-1) as sub-plots with three replications.Sunflower yield and yield components responded positively to K and P fertilization but the magnitude of response varied with the levels of K and P.Days to flowering and maturity,grains per head,1000-grain weight,shelling percentage,and grain yield increased tremendously in the K and P-fertilized plots as compared to the control with no K and P applied.The combined application of 100 kg K and 45 kg P ha-1 significantly increased yield components,grain yield,harvest index,and shelling percentage of sunflower,suggesting that 100 kg K ha-1 in combination with 45 kg P ha-1 could maximize productivity of sunflower planted after wheat on the K and P deficient soils in the study area.
