Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Heart Diseases within the Urban and Rural Communities of the Town of Bougouni and Its Surroundings (Southern Mali): A Comparative Study

In Mali, few studies have been conducted on the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and diseases according to place of residence. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of risk factors and cardiovascular diseases according to residents in town of Bougouni and its rural area (southern Mali). Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study from February 2019 to March 2024. All patients who visited the “CENTRE MEDICAL DE BOUGOUNI” clinic with known or suspected heart disease during the study period were included. Data were collected from medical records. Incomplete or unusable records were excluded. Data were processed using SPS version 22 software. Results: we included 452 patients with an average age of 50 ± 19 years. High blood pression has been found in 42.70% of cases, with higher prevalence in urban areas (47.01%) than in rural areas (41.50%). Diabetes and smoking were found respectively 5.31% and 8.19% in our population. The prevalence of diabetes was higher in urban areas (5.97%) than rural area (5.35%). smoking prevalence was higher in rural areas (8.49%) than urban areas (6.72%). Alcoholism was found in 2.21% of cases with a little difference between rural area (2.24%) and urban area (2.20%). 31.63% of our patients had no cardiovascular factor. Dyspnea was the reason of consultation in 5.75% of cases and atypical precordialgia in 13.72%. Headaches and dizziness in 8.63% of cases and 21.90% of patients presented other non-specific symptoms. Diagnosis of idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy was found in 23.45% of cases with higher prevalence in rural areas (28.30%) than urban areas (13.43%). Ischaemic heart disease accounted for 9.29% of cases with a higher prevalence in rural areas (10.38%) than in urban areas (6.71%). PPCMs accounted for 5.98% of cases, with a slight increase in urban areas (6.66%) compared with rural areas (5.68%). Rheumatic valvulopathy accounted for 2.21% of cases;2.84% in rural areas and 0.74% in urban areas. Other valvular diseases accounted for 3.76% of cases;4.73% in rural areas and 1.48% in urban areas. Right heart diseases accounted for 3.98% of cases and stroke for 1.77%. Conclusion: The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and heart diseases is high in the rural and urban population of the town of Bougouni and its surroundings (Mali). Excepted smoking, the prevalence of other CV risk factors is higher in urban areas, whereas the prevalence of idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and ischemic heart disease is higher in rural areas. These data could serve as a basis for developing tailored preventive strategies, depending on the place of residence.

Analysis of Influencing Factors on Fruit Consumption of Urban and Rural Residents in Beijing

In light of the rapid expansion of China s economy,there has been a notable shift in the consumption patterns of urban and rural residents.This is evident in the increased consumption of agricultural products,with fruit consumption representing a particularly pronounced trend.The 2023 Beijing Consumption Statistics indicate that demand for fruit is increasing,accompanied by heightened competition for quality and brands.The paper is based on research that examines the current situation of fruit consumption among urban and rural residents in Beijing.The results indicate that when urban and rural residents in Beijing purchase fruits,price is the most significant factor influencing fruit consumption.Taste,appearance,and variety are also considered to be important influencing factors,while the influence of factors such as fruit type,consumption pattern,and fruit brand is relatively minor.

Exploring the Element Integration of Urban and Rural“Space of Flows”in the Context of Consumption Upgrading:A Case Study of Changsi Village in Anhui Province

The mobility and interaction between urban and rural areas are becoming more and more intensive,and their links and exchanges are increasingly closer due to constant flow of factors such as information,capital,personnel and technology.In this context,the element integration of urban and rural“space of flows”can promote the integrated development of urban and rural areas,improve the consumption environment and experience,and promote the industrial upgrading and technological progress.To realize the element integration of urban and rural“space of flows”,it is necessary to explore and innovate in infrastructure construction,information technology application,industrial cooperation and cultural exchanges.Government departments,enterprises and social organizations also need to work together to give play to their respective advantages and jointly promote the process of element integration of urban and rural“space of flows”.

Factors Associated with Unmet Need for Family Planning among Couples Living in Urban and Rural Areas of Guinea in 2019

Introduction: Unmet need for family planning (UNFP) is defined as women with unmet needs who want to stop or delay childbearing but are not using any method of contraception. The objective of this study was to analyze the factors associated with unmet needs for family planning among couples living in rural and urban areas of Guinea in 2019. Methodology: This was a prospective, analytical cross-sectional, multicenter study of a six-month period from August 1, 2018 to January 31, 2019, focusing on couples with unmet needs for family planning. Result: Among 189 couples interviewed, 567 had UNFP (33.3%), the reasons for not using modern contraceptive methods were desire for pregnancy (AOR = 2.74, 95% CI: 1.74, 4.31), husband’s refusal (AOR = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.06, 0.81), spousal attitude (AOR = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.130, 30), birth spacing (AOR = 2.10% to 95%: 1.16, 3.82), difficulty with a new pregnancy (AOR = 0.17, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.74), and spousal attitude (AOR = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.14, 0.30). Conclusion: The involvement of spouses, especially in rural communities, would help achieve family planning objectives and reduce unmet needs for family planning.

Spatial Distribution and Influencing Factors of Urban Shrinkage from the Perspective of Factor Flow - A Case Study of National Urban Agglomerations

This paper examines national urban agglomerations by taking factor flows as the focal point as the research subject.By dividing the stages of urban agglomeration development,a comprehensive framework of urban shrinkage is constructed,encompassing economic,population,and social shrinkage.The study explores the spatial distribution characteristics of urban shrinkage during different stages of urban agglomeration and investigates the influencing factors using a geographic detector model.The findings reveal that urban shrinkage within urban agglomerations is widely spread,predominantly in peripheral areas.During the diffusion stage,urban shrinkage is scattered,with population shrinkage concentrated in peripheral regions,economic shrinkage concentrated on old industrial cities,and social shrinkage concentrated on the northeast.The outcomes of the geographic detector model indicate that traffic flow,capital flow,information flow,node importance,network connectivity,government investment,openness,and environmental regulations all play significant roles in shaping the spatial distribution of urban shrinkage.

Empirical Analysis of Binary Logistic Model for the Influencing Factors of the Chinese Urban and Rural Residents' Woolen Products Consumption—Based on Questionnaires of 513 Urban and Rural Residents in 16 Provinces

Consumption of woolen products is the last link of wool industry chain,and it concerns whether the value of woolen products can be realized smoothly. Based on 513 questionnaires, it uses descriptive statistical analysis and binary logistic model to analyze the consumption and influencing factors of woolen products. The results indicated that residents in the middle region were more inclined to purchase woolen sweater compared to the residents in the east region. Urban residents were more inclined to purchase woolen sweater compared to the rural residents. Personal income,satisfaction degree of quality, and style have significant positive impact on whether residents purchase woolen sweater, and purchasing quantity of cotton sweater has significant negative impact on whether residents purchase woolen sweater.

Correlation Analysis on Environmental Factors Influencing the Development of Urban and Rural Public Sports Equalization Service in South Jiangsu Province

In order to understand the related factors that affect the development of the Equalization Service of public sports in the urban and rural areas of South Jiangsu, the status of the equalization service has been analyzed. There are still obvious inequalities between urban and rural public sports services in South Jiangsu, which are mainly influenced by macro factors such as culture, economy, politics, urban and rural population, urban-rural disparity and social gap of wealth.

Mutual Conversion of Land Use between Urban and Rural Area in the Process of Urbanization: A Case Study of Shandong Province

Urbanization is one of the driving forces for the land use change in type and structure, and its prominent effect is to convert rural land to urban land. This paper takes Shan-dong Province as an example to analyze the current situation of the mutual conversion between the urban and rural areas from the aspects of the structure of land use, the decreasing tendency of the cultivated land, the changes of land use in urban and rural residential areas. It points out that cultivated land is converted to residential area land, industrial and/or mining area land. The relationship between the urban area land and the cultivated land is more direct; meanwhile, the changes of rural residential area lag behind obviously. The decrease of the cultivated land and the decline of soil quality will be the two difficult problems in the process of urbanization.

Cardiovascular Risk Factors (CVrf) in Rural and Urban Areas Mali: Data from the Step 2013 Survey

Background: Traditional cardiovascular risk factors (CVrf) like hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, smoking have been studied extensively through theses in hospital studies. Therefore, recent published data from community based studies are rare in Mali. Available data are old justifying to perform a community based study on traditional CVrf in rural and urban areas. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively performed a study which data stemmed from the last STEPS survey carried out in 2013 in some rural and urban areas of Mali. We studied hypertension, diabetes, tobacco smoking, obesity based on body mass index, waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio. After bivariates analyses, we conducted a logistic regression with rural/urban as dependent variable using SPSS as analysis software for this purpose. Results: Weight, height, WC and HC were higher in urban area with 69.77 Kg, 169.13 cm, 85.98 cm and 97.26 cm compared to 66.27, 165.42, 81.46 and 93.23 in rural area (p as more prevalent in urban area while elevated waist-to-hip ratio was more prevalent in rural area. But in logistic regression for female, the Odds for Tobacco smoking rural as reference was 0.334 [CI: 0.151 - 0.738] (p = 0.007) and that for WHr is 0.582 [CI: 0.415 - 0.815] (p p p = 0.038). Conclusion: Traditional cardiovascular risk factors have high prevalence in this study and need to be monitored with larger studies. Female predictors were raised waist circumference in favour of urban and tobacco smoking and waist-to-hip ratio in favour of urban dwellers. Male diabetes was the only predictor we found.

Study on the Mechanism of the Integration of Urban and Rural Development from the View of Elements Flow

Fromthe enterprise,individual and government,which are the three main economic behavior subject,this paper analysis factors impact of flow behavior main body and the change of the objective function,constraint function and the impact of the change of behavior equation,and then summarizes their effects on the integration of urban and rural development,to build fromexogenous shocks to the endogenous to adapt to the economic decision-making framework,clarify elements flow affect the running mechanismof the urban-rural integration.

Analysis of Rural Development Factors: A Case Study of Hebei Province

On the basis of survey,drawing on economic growth theory,we analyze the main form of exogenous growth and regional applicability in Hebei Province,and point out that some exogenous driving forces are effective ways to accelerate rural construction,such as " the promotion of agriculture by industry" and " developing the rural areas with the aid of the urban areas". However,human capital,technology,incentive institutional arrangement,agricultural industry clusters and other endogenous growth factors are fundamental to sustainable development of rural construction,so it is necessary to make them play a fundamental role in increasing farmers' income and promoting agricultural development.

Factors Influencing Radon (²²²Ra) Levels of Water: An International Comparison

Radon levels were measured in 59 water samples of rural and urban places of Bangalore city following procedures of standardized techniques. Though water level of radon above 100 Bqll-1 of WHO is ascribed to causes of lung cancer and leukaemia, very low levels were found in different urban and rural places, but urban-rural gradient observed significantly higher urban levels than rural levels. Correlation between depth of water sampled and radon levels estimated indicates that in urban places, lower water depth is related to higher radon levels, while it is vice versa in rural. It is due to more water use for rural agriculture and more urban water pollution and granite quarries. In comparison to other countries, it is observed that water radon levels are at wide ranges from the lowest to the highest estimated with different techniques and differ due to types of water, soil, rocks and sampling season.

要素流动对城乡融合发展的影响机理与空间分异研究

城乡要素双向自由流动有利于提高要素配置效率和优化城乡关系,促进城乡融合发展。现有关于要素流动对城乡融合发展的研究主要围绕传统生产要素对城乡融合发展的研究展开讨论,鲜有文献将数据这一新型生产要素纳入城乡要素流动范围并探索其对城乡融合发展的影响机理。基于2010—2021年中国31个省份的面板数据,在测算要素流动、城乡融合发展水平的基础上,构建双向固定效应模型、地理加权回归模型和中介效应模型实证检验要素流动对城乡融合发展的影响效应及作用机制。研究发现:第一,全国要素流动总指数呈现出小幅度增长的态势,位于均值之上的地区中64%是城乡融合发展试验区,说明城乡融合发展政策实施具有重要的引导作用;第二,要素流动显著促进城乡融合发展,这一结论在引入城乡之间距离作为工具变量进行内生性检验、采用删除4个直辖市和缩短时间窗口的方法进行稳健性检验之后仍然成立;第三,空间异质性分析中,劳动力、土地和数据要素始终表现出促进城乡融合发展的作用,随着时间的推移,土地要素对不同地区城乡融合发展影响程度逐渐增强、影响范围逐步扩大,技术要素对城乡融合发展的促进逐渐凸现,由华东和华南地区向东北和西南地区转移;第四,在要素流动影响城乡融合发展的过程中,电商销售是要素流动影响城乡融合发展的重要途径,农业机械化和产业结构变迁并未发挥出中介变量的作用,不同于已有的研究结果。因此,今后持续深化城乡融合发展的内涵与外延、拓展深度与广度;始终以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导,运用科学的世界观和方法论,坚持整体推进与试点示范相统一的指导原则,推广实践中形成的典型经验。研究结论为城乡要素双向合理流动的机制建立、城乡融合发展体制机制的健全提供了理论和经验上的参考。

2021年我国城乡居民健康素养水平及其影响因素研究

目的分析2021年我国城乡居民健康素养水平及其影响因素,为今后开展健康教育干预工作、制定相关卫生健康政策提供科学依据。方法2021年1—10月,采用多阶段分层整群概率抽样方法抽取全国15~69岁城乡居民进行问卷调查。采用二元Logistic回归模型分析影响居民健康素养水平的主要因素。结果经加权调整后,2021年城市居民和农村居民健康素养水平分别为30.70%和22.02%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:城市居民方面,以西部地区为参照,东部地区居民健康素养水平的OR值为1.372(95%CI:1.244~1.512);以15~24岁年龄段为参照,35~44岁年龄段居民健康素养水平的OR值为1.367(95%CI:1.140~1.640),65~69岁年龄段居民健康素养水平OR值为0.687(95%CI:0.553~0.854);以小学及以下文化程度为参照,初中、高中/职高/中专、大专及以上文化程度居民健康素养水平的OR值分别为1.849(95%CI:1.581~2.163)、3.471(95%CI:2.958~4.073)、7.564(95%CI:6.472~8.841)。农村居民方面,以西部地区为参照,东、中部地区居民健康素养水平OR值分别为1.595(95%CI:1.434~1.774)、1.587(95%CI:1.374~1.833);以15~24岁年龄段为参照,35~44岁年龄段居民健康素养水平OR值为1.546(95%CI:1.234~1.936),65~69岁年龄段居民健康素养水平的OR值为0.770(95%CI:0.598~0.993);以小学及以下文化程度为参照,初中、高中/职高/中专、大专及以上文化程度居民健康素养水平OR值分别为2.390(95%CI:2.139~2.669)、5.235(95%CI:4.548~6.025)、12.816(95%CI:10.926~15.033)。结论2021年我国城乡居民的健康素养水平均有进一步提升,但仍有较大上升空间,不同地区、年龄和文化程度对城乡居民健康素养的影响程度不同。

职业教育赋能县域城乡融合发展:逻辑理路、现实梗阻与实践路向

职业教育与县域城乡融合发展以人的全面发展为共同逻辑基点,职业教育依托技能人才培养、科教融汇发展、公共服务供给、教化育人实践和开放合作办学等赋能县域城乡要素流动、产业融合、社会公平、文化交融与治理协同。在加快构建新发展格局的时代背景下,发挥职业教育在县域城乡融合发展中的赋能作用,需要聚焦当前职业教育在人才培养、科技创新、资源配置、文化传播、开放合作领域的现实梗阻,以育人体系完善、科教融汇深化、资源配置优化、文化场域构建、开放格局打造为路向,推动县域城乡人才、产业、服务、文化和治理的多维融合。

基于ISM和AHP的城乡结合部公众突发公共卫生事件风险感知关键影响因素分析

深入研究城乡结合部公众突发公共卫生事件风险感知关键影响因素,对政府调节公众风险感知、提升应急管理能力具有重要意义。首先构建城乡结合部公众突发公共卫生事件风险感知影响因素指标体系,然后利用解释结构模型(ISM)方法对影响因素进行层次分析,并采用层次分析(AHP)法对各层次影响因素的影响力大小进行分析,确定城乡结合部公众突发公共卫生事件风险感知的关键影响因素。结果表明:城乡结合部公众突发公共卫生事件风险感知的影响因素分为直接因素、间接因素和根本因素三个层次;应急决策指挥和感染死亡情况是关键直接影响因素,医疗救援能力和应急物资保障是关键间接影响因素,文化水平、技能水平和公共设施完善度是关键根本影响因素。针对关键影响因素,提出建立和完善预警系统、普及宣传应急知识和加大对城乡结合部地区医疗机构的投入等措施,为政府应急管理提供决策支持。

城市外围地区农村物流设施空间分布演变及影响因素--以广州市为例

城市外围地区农村物流设施是保障城乡物资双向流通和农村产业发展的重要支撑。以广东省广州市为例,综合使用多源空间数据和空间回归模型等分析方法,探索城市外围地区农村物流设施空间分布演变特征及影响因素。在空间分布演变方面,城市外围地区农村物流设施从单核转向多核,具有圈层化、等级化特征,与广州市空间发展方向和空间格局相一致,最外围地区物流设施建设短板突出;受村级设施分布变化影响,物流设施集聚性呈现“增强—减弱—增强”的波动。影响因素方面,人口因素、交通因素和工业因素对物流设施分布有显著正向影响,农业因素对其有显著负向影响,区位因素对其无明显影响。研究结果能够丰富对农村物流设施分布演变规律的认识,为城市尺度的农村物流设施的布局优化和支撑要素的建设等提供参考。

基于要素的城乡融合识别研究——以重庆永川南大街街道为例

科学理解城乡融合发展状态,对于实现乡村振兴、建立良性的城乡关系有着重大作用。城乡融合的实质是城乡要素的融合,本文从资源禀赋、人口、经济、文化、生态、政治6个方面构建城乡融合水平评价指标体系,并对重庆市永川区南大街街道城乡融合程度加以识别,将南大街区分为高融合度区域(中心城区、小南村)、中融合度区域(大南村、代家店村、黄瓜山村)、低融合度区域(谭家坝村、八角寺村、兴隆村),并针对不同的城乡融合度区域提出未来发展方向。研究可为我国城乡融合发展与乡村转型发展的研究与实践提供借鉴。

基于文本分析法的城乡融合政策变迁研究——以重庆市为例

城乡融合发展是打破城乡二元体制、缩小城乡发展差距的必由之路,探究城乡融合政策变迁对于识别城乡融合发展趋势具有重要意义。在厘定城乡融合发展阶段基础上,建立“政策阶段—政策目标—政策工具”三维框架,以重庆市为例,对其2002—2022年的163份城乡融合政策进行文本编码和量化分析,从政策目标、政策工具两方面探究政策变迁趋势。研究发现:作为实现城乡融合发展的必要支撑,城乡融合政策根据政策环境变化而动态演进、创新发展,其变迁趋势为要素互补高级化、参与主体多元化、产业形式多样化、改革创新精准化。据此,从提升城乡要素互补水平、营造社会参与良好环境、推进农村产业融合发展、加大改革创新力度四个方面提出管理启示,以期为城乡融合发展提供参考与借鉴。

数字经济要素流动与城市创新差距

为探讨数字经济对城市创新差距的影响,文章基于2011—2022年我国273个地级及以上城市的面板数据,测算城市数字经济指数和城市创新差距,并以数据要素流动环境为调节变量,同时选取人才要素流动和资本要素流动为中介变量,在此基础上进行计量分析。研究发现:数字经济发展扩大了本地城市创新差距,而对邻近地区表现出缩小城市创新差距的溢出效应;中介效应检验结果表明,数字经济发展能够促进人才和资本要素流动,但是扩大了城市创新差距;门槛效应检验结果表明,数字经济对城市创新差距的影响存在以数据要素流动环境为门槛变量的双重门槛效应,在第一个门槛值前后表现为扩大城市创新差距,在跨越第二个门槛值后,则表现为缩小城市创新差距;以数字经济为门槛变量时,则为单门槛效应,低于门槛值时表现为扩大城市差距,高于门槛值时则表现为缩小城市差距;在数据要素流动环境的调节作用下,数字经济缩小本地和邻近区的城市创新差距的能力显著增强。