Gas channeling control with an in-situ smart surfactant gel during water-alternating-CO_(2) enhanced oil recovery

Undesirable gas channeling always occurs along the high-permeability layers in heterogeneous oil reservoirs during water-alternating-CO_(2)(WAG)flooding,and conventional polymer gels used for blocking the“channeling”paths usually suffer from either low injectivity or poor gelation control.Herein,we for the first time developed an in-situ high-pressure CO_(2)-triggered gel system based on a smart surfactant,N-erucamidopropyl-N,N-dimethylamine(UC22AMPM),which was introduced into the aqueous slugs to control gas channeling inWAG processes.The water-like,low-viscosity UC22AMPM brine solution can be thickened by high-pressure CO_(2) owing to the formation of wormlike micelles(WLMs),as well as their growth and shear-induced structure buildup under shear flow.The thickening power can be further potentiated by the generation of denser WLMs resulting from either surfactant concentration augmentation or a certain range of heating,and can be impaired via pressurization above the critical pressure of CO_(2) because of its soaring solvent power.Core flooding tests using heterogeneous cores demonstrated that gas channeling was alleviated by plugging of high-capacity channels due to the in-situ gelation of UC22AMPM slugs upon their reaction with the pre-or post-injected CO_(2) slugs under shear flow,thereupon driving chase fluids into unrecovered low-permeability areas and producing an 8.0% higher oil recovery factor than the conventional WAG mode.This smart surfactant enabled high injectivity and satisfactory gelation control,attributable to low initial viscosity and the combined properties of one component and CO_(2)-triggered gelation,respectively.This work could provide a guide towards designing gels for reducing CO_(2) spillover and reinforcing the CO_(2) sequestration effect during CO_(2) enhanced oil recovery processes.

Capture and separation of CO_(2) from flue gas by coupling free and immobilized amines

A novel system was proposed for the capture and separation of CO 2 from flue gas. In this method, a resin was employed to regenerate the amine capturing CO 2 from flue gas at room temperature. The feasibility for the resin to regenerate amines such as MEA, MAE, TEA, and ammonia was demonstrated. It was also discovered that the resin could be regenerated by hot water.

CO_(2)storage with enhanced gas recovery(CSEGR):A review of experimental and numerical studies

CO_(2)emission mitigation is one of the most critical research frontiers.As a promising option of carbon capture,utilization and storage(CCUS),CO_(2)storage with enhanced gas recovery(CSEGR)can reduce CO_(2)emission by sequestrating it into gas reservoirs and simultaneously enhance natural gas production.Over the past decades,the displacement behaviour of CO_(2)—natural gas has been extensively studied and demonstrated to play a key role on both CO_(2)geologic storage and gas recovery performance.This work thoroughly and critically reviews the experimental and numerical simulation studies of CO_(2)displacing natural gas,along with both CSEGR research and demonstration projects at various scales.The physical property difference between CO_(2)and natural gas,especially density and viscosity,lays the foundation of CSEGR.Previous experiments on displacement behaviour and dispersion characteristics of CO_(2)/natural gas revealed the fundamental mixing characteristics in porous media,which is one key factor of gas recovery efficiency and warrants further study.Preliminary numerical simulations demonstrated that it is technically and economically feasible to apply CSEGR in depleted gas reservoirs.However,CO_(2)preferential flow pathways are easy to form(due to reservoir heterogeneity)and thus adversely compromise CSEGR performance.This preferential flow can be slowed down by connate or injected water.Additionally,the optimization of CO_(2)injection strategies is essential for improving gas recovery and CO_(2)storage,which needs further study.The successful K12—B pilot project provides insightful field-scale knowledge and experience,which paves a good foundation for commercial application.More experiments,simulations,research and demonstration projects are needed to facilitate the maturation of the CSEGR technology.

Performance of free gases during the recovery enhancement of shale gas by CO_(2) injection:a case study on the depleted Wufeng–Longmaxi shale in northeastern Sichuan Basin,China

In this work, a novel thermal–hydraulic–mechanical (THM) coupling model is developed, where the real geological parameters of the reservoir properties are embedded. Accordingly, nine schemes of CO_(2) injection well (IW) and CH_(4) production well (PW) are established, aiming to explore the behavior of free gases after CO_(2) is injected into the depleted Wufeng–Longmaxi shale. The results indicate the free CH4 or CO2 content in the shale fractures/matrix is invariably heterogeneous. The CO_(2) involvement facilitates the ratio of free CH_(4)/CO_(2) in the matrix to that in the fractures declines and tends to be stable with time. Different combinations of IW–PWs induce a difference in the ratio of the free CH4 to the free CO_(2), in the ratio of the free CH_(4)/CO_(2) in the matrix to that in the fractures, in the content of the recovered free CH_(4), and in the content of the trapped free CO_(2). Basically, when the IW locates at the bottom Wufeng–Longmaxi shale, a farther IW–PWs distance allows more CO2 in the free phase to be trapped;furthermore, no matter where the IW is, a shorter IW–PWs distance benefits by getting more CH_(4) in the free phase recovered from the depleted Wufeng–Longmaxi shale. Hopefully, this work is helpful in gaining knowledge about the shale-based CO_(2) injection technique.

烟道气回收CO_(2)与蒸汽伴注对井下工具腐蚀防护研究

注入烟道气回收CO_(2)可以有效提高采收率,并且有降低碳排放的环保意义,但有严重的腐蚀风险,针对渤海某油井采用的烟道气回收CO_(2)与蒸汽伴注方案,开展井下工具20Cr13、42CrMo、25CrMnMo、ZG35四种材质的腐蚀实验,进而开展缓蚀剂实验与材质升级实验,提出了针对烟道气回收CO_(2)与蒸汽伴注工况的防腐手段。

Application of supervised machine learning to predict the enhanced gas recovery by CO_(2) injection in shale gas reservoirs

The technique of Enhanced Gas Recovery by CO_(2) injection(CO_(2)-EGR)into shale reservoirs has brought increasing attention in the recent decade.CO_(2)-EGR is a complex geophysical process that is controlled by several parameters of shale properties and engineering design.Nevertheless,more challenges arise when simulating and predicting CO_(2)/CH4 displacement within the complex pore systems of shales.Therefore,the petroleum industry is in need of developing a cost-effective tool/approach to evaluate the potential of applying CO_(2) injection to shale reservoirs.In recent years,machine learning applications have gained enormous interest due to their high-speed performance in handling complex data and efficiently solving practical problems.Thus,this work proposes a solution by developing a supervised machine learning(ML)based model to preliminary evaluate CO_(2)-EGR efficiency.Data used for this work was drawn across a wide range of simulation sensitivity studies and experimental investigations.In this work,linear regression and artificial neural networks(ANNs)implementations were considered for predicting the incremental enhanced CH4.Based on the model performance in training and validation sets,our accuracy comparison showed that(ANNs)algorithms gave 15%higher accuracy in predicting the enhanced CH4 compared to the linear regression model.To ensure the model is more generalizable,the size of hidden layers of ANNs was adjusted to improve the generalization ability of ANNs model.Among ANNs models presented,ANNs of 100 hidden layer size gave the best predictive performance with the coefficient of determination(R2)of 0.78 compared to the linear regression model with R2 of 0.68.Our developed MLbased model presents a powerful,reliable and cost-effective tool which can accurately predict the incremental enhanced CH4 by CO_(2) injection in shale gas reservoirs.

CO_(2)emission evaluation and cost analysis of oxygen blast furnace process with sintering flue gas injection

In order to achieve ultra-low emissions of SO_(2)and NOx,the oxygen blast furnace with sintering flue gas injection is presented as a promising novel process.The CO_(2)emission was examined,and a cost analysis of the process was conducted.The results show that in the cases when the top gas is not circulated(Cases 1–3),and the volume of injected sintering flue gas per ton of hot metal is below about 1250 m^(3),the total CO_(2)emissions decrease first and then increase as the oxygen content of the blast increases.When the volume of injected sintering flue gas per ton of hot metal exceeds approximately 1250 m^(3),the total CO_(2)emissions gradually decrease.When the recirculating top gas and the vacuum pressure swing adsorption are considered,the benefits of recovered gas can make the ironmaking cost close to or even lower than that of the ordinary blast furnace.Furthermore,the implementation of this approach leads to a substantial reduction in total CO_(2)emissions,with reductions of 69.13%(Case 4),70.60%(Case 5),and 71.07%(Case 6),respectively.By integrating previous research and current findings,the reasonable oxygen blast furnace with sintering flue gas injection can not only realize desulfurization and denitrification,but also achieve the goal of reducing CO_(2)emissions and ironmaking cost.

催化裂化装置再生烟气醇胺法回收CO_(2)技术模拟研究

炼油企业催化裂化装置的CO_(2)排放量在总排放量中占比很高,相应的烟气CO_(2)回收治理技术却鲜有报道。醇胺法酸性气体脱除工艺(醇胺法)广泛应用于天然气净化等领域,是一种脱碳效率高、再生能耗低的成熟脱碳技术,可考虑应用于再生烟气脱碳过程中。利用Aspen HYSYS软件模拟醇胺法再生烟气CO_(2)吸收和解吸过程发现:混合胺液的组成和浓度会影响再生烟气CO_(2)的脱除效果,适当提高吸收压力及温度有利于吸收过程的进行;富胺液解吸过程的能耗主要取决于解吸率及操作压力,在解吸温度不高于胺液降解温度的条件下,应适当提高解吸压力。

Polyvinylamine-Based Facilitated Transport Membranes for Post-Combustion CO_(2) Capture:Challenges and Perspectives from Materials to Processes

Carbon dioxide(CO_(2))capture by gas-separation membranes has become increasingly attractive due to its high energy efficiency,relatively low cost,and environmental impact.Polyvinylamine(PVAm)-based facilitated transport(FT)membranes were developed in the last decade for CO_(2) capture.This work discusses the challenges of applying PVAm-based FT membranes from materials to processes for postcombustion CO_(2) capture in power plants and cement factories.Experiences learned from a pilot demonstration system can be used to guide the design of other membranes for CO_(2) capture.The importance of module and process design is emphasized in the achievement of a high-performance membrane system.Moreover,the results from process simulation and cost estimation indicate that a three-stage membrane system is feasible for achieving a high CO_(2) purity of 95 vol%.The specific CO_(2) capture cost was found to significantly depend on the required CO_(2) capture ratio,and a moderate CO_(2) capture ratio of 50%presented a cost of 63.7USD per tonne CO_(2) captured.Thus,FT membrane systems were found to be more competitive for partial CO_(2) capture.

Electrochemical CO_(2) mineralization for red mud treatment driven by hydrogen-cycled membrane electrolysis

CO_(2)mineralization as a promising CO_(2)mitigation strategy can employ industrial alkaline solid wastes to achieve net emission reduction of atmospheric CO_(2).The red mud is a strong alkalinity waste residue produced from the aluminum industry by the Bayer process which has the potential for the industrial CO_(2)large scale treatment.However,limited by complex components of red mud and harsh operating conditions,it is challenging to directly mineralize CO_(2)using red mud to recover carbon and sodium resources and to produce mineralized products simultaneously with high economic value efficiently.Herein,we propose a novel electrochemical CO_(2)mineralization strategy for red mud treatment driven by hydrogen-cycled membrane electrolysis,realizing mineralization of CO_(2)efficiently and recovery of carbon and sodium resources with economic value.The system utilizes H_(2)as the redox-active proton carrier to drive the cathode and anode to generate OH^(-) and H^(+) at low voltage,respectively.The H^(+) plays as a neutralizer for the alkalinity of red mud and the OH^(-) is used to mineralize CO_(2)into generate highpurity NaHCO_(3)product.We verify that the system can effectively recover carbon and sodium resources in red mud treatment process,which shows that the average electrolysis efficiency is 95.3%with highpurity(99.4%)NaHCO_(3)product obtained.The low electrolysis voltage of 0.453 V is achieved at10 mA·cm^(-2) in this system indicates a potential low energy consumption industrial process.Further,we successfully demonstrate that this process has the ability of direct efficient mineralization of flue gas CO_(2)(15%volume)without extra capturing,being a novel potential strategy for carbon neutralization.

CO_(2)热泵耦合燃气锅炉供暖系统研究

烟气余热回收技术是提高燃气锅炉供暖效率的关键技术之一。针对供暖回水温度高于烟气露点温度,传统烟气余热回收技术烟气余热回收能力受限的问题,提出烟气源/水源CO_(2)热泵回收燃气锅炉烟气余热方案,分析了各方案的系统效率和天然气消耗量,以及CO_(2)热泵制热系数对系统效率和燃料节约率的影响规律。研究结果表明:烟气源CO_(2)热泵余热回收供暖系统方案可提升系统效率12.54百分点以上,比水源CO_(2)热泵余热回收方案高约0.50百分点,年可节约天然气用量13.87%~17.88%;CO_(2)热泵制热系数较小时有利于提高燃气节约量。

Effect of hydraulic fracture deformation hysteresis on CO_(2)huff-n-puff performance in shale gas reservoirs

As a promising enhanced gas recovery technique,CO_(2)huff-n-puff has attracted great attention recently.However,hydraulic fracture deformation hysteresis is rarely considered,and its effect on CO_(2)huff-n-puff performance is not well understood.In this study,we present a fully coupled multi-component flow and geomechanics model for simulating CO_(2)huff-n-puff in shale gas reservoirs considering hydraulic fracture deformation hysteresis.Specifically,a shale gas reservoir after hydraulic fracturing is modeled using an efficient hybrid model incorporating an embedded discrete fracture model(EDFM),multiple porosity model,and single porosity model.In flow equations,Fick’s law,extended Langmuir isotherms,and the Peng-Robinson equation of state are used to describe the molecular diffusion,multi-component adsorption,and gas properties,respectively.In relation to geomechanics,a path-dependent constitutive law is applied for the hydraulic fracture deformation hysteresis.The finite volume method(FVM)and the stabilized extended finite element method(XFEM)are applied to discretize the flow and geomechanics equations,respectively.We then solve the coupled model using the fixed-stress split iterative method.Finally,we verify the presented method using several numerical examples,and apply it to investigate the effect of hydraulic fracture deformation hysteresis on CO_(2)huff-n-puff performance in a 3D shale gas reservoir.Numerical results show that hydraulic fracture deformation hysteresis has some negative effects on CO_(2)huff-n-puff performance.The effects are sensitive to the initial conductivity of hydraulic fracture,production pressure,starting time of huff-n-puff,injection pressure,and huff-n-puff cycle number.

CO_(2),N_(2),and CO_(2)/N_(2)mixed gas injection for enhanced shale gas recovery and CO_(2)geological storage

In this work,using fractured shale cores,isothermal adsorption experiments and core flooding tests were conducted to investigate the performance of injecting different gases to enhance shale gas recovery and CO_(2)geological storage efficiency under real reservoir conditions.The adsorption process of shale to different gases was in agreement with the extended-Langmuir model,and the adsorption capacity of CO_(2)was the largest,followed by CH_(4),and that of N_(2)was the smallest of the three pure gases.In addition,when the CO_(2)concentration in the mixed gas exceeded 50%,the adsorption capacity of the mixed gas was greater than that of CH4,and had a strong competitive adsorption effect.For the core flooding tests,pure gas injection showed that the breakthrough time of CO_(2)was longer than that of N_(2),and the CH_(4)recovery factor at the breakthrough time(Rch,)was also higher than that of N_(2).The RcH of CO_(2)gas injection was approximately 44.09%,while the RcH,of N_(2)was only 31.63%.For CO_(2)/N_(2)mixed gas injection,with the increase of CO_(2)concentration,the RcH,increased,and the RcH,for mixed gas CO_(2)/N_(2)=8:2 was close to that of pure CO_(2),about 40.24%.Moreover,the breakthrough time of N_(2)in mixed gas was not much different from that when pure N_(2)was injected,while the breakthrough time of CO_(2)was prolonged,which indicated that with the increase of N_(2)concentration in the mixed gas,the breakthrough time of CO_(2)could be extended.Furthermore,an abnormal surge of N_(2)concentration in the produced gas was observed after N_(2)breakthrough.In regards to CO_(2)storage efficiency(S_(Storage-CO_(2)),as the CO_(2)concentration increased,S storage-co_(2)also increased.The S storage-co_(2),of the pure CO_(2)gas injection was about 35.96%,while for mixed gas CO_(2)/N_(2)=8:2,S sorage-co,was about 32.28%.

Low-field NMR application in the characterization of CO_(2)geological storage and utilization related to shale gas reservoirs:a brief review

CO_(2)geological storage and utilization(CGSU)is considered a far-reaching technique to meet the demand of increasing energy supply and decreasing CO_(2)emissions.For CGSUs related to shale gas reservoirs,experimental investigations have attracted variable methodologies,among which low-field NMR(LF-NMR)is a promising method and is playing an increasingly key role in reservoir characterization.Herein,the application of this nondestructive,sensitive,and quick LF-NMR technique in characterizing CGSU behavior in shale gas reservoirs is reviewed.First,the basic principle of LF-NMR for 1H-fluid detection is introduced,which is the theoretical foundation of the reviewed achievements in this paper.Then,the reviewed works are related to the LF-NMR-based measurements of CH_(4)adsorption capacity and the CO_(2)-CH_(4)interaction in shale,as well as the performance on CO_(2)sequestration and simultaneous enhanced gas recovery from shale.Basically,the reviewed achievements have exhibited a large potential for LF-NMR application in CGSUs related to shale gas reservoirs,although some limitations and deficiencies still need to be improved.Accordingly,some suggestions are proposed for a more responsible development of the LF-NMR technique.Hopefully,this review is helpful in promoting the expanding application of the LF-NMR technique in CGSU implementation in shale gas reservoirs.

Non-3d metal modulated zinc imidazolate frameworks for CO_(2) cycloaddition in simulated flue gas under ambient condition

Cycloaddition of CO_(2) and epoxide into cyclic carbonate is one of the most efficient ways for CO_(2) conversion with 100% atom-utilization. Metal–organic frameworks are a kind of potential heterogeneous catalysts, however, high temperature, high pressure, and high-purity CO_(2) are still required for the reaction.Here, we report two new Zn(Ⅱ) imidazolate frameworks incoporating MoO_(4)^(2–)or WO_(4)^(2–)units, which can catalyse cycloaddition of CO_(2) and epichlorohydrin at room temperature and atomospheric pressure, giving 95% yield after 24 h in pure CO_(2) and 98% yield after 48 h in simulated flue gas(15% CO_(2)+ 85% N_(2)),respectively. For comparison, the analogic Zn(Ⅱ) imidazolate framework MAF-6 without non-3d metal oxide units showed 71% and 33% yields under the same conditions, respectively. The insightful modulation mechanisms of the MoO_(4)^(2–)unit in optimizing the electronic structure of Zn(Ⅱ) centre, facilitating the rate-determined ring opening process, and minimizing the reaction activation energy, were revealed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, temperature programmed desorption and computational calculations.

Experimental Investigation on the Performance of[APMIm][NTf_(2)]for Capturing CO_(2)from Flue Gas of the Cement Kiln Tail

Facing the global warming trend,humanity has been paying more and more attention to the Carbon Capture,Utilization and Storage.Large amounts of CO_(2)is emitted with burning fossil fuel as well as by some special industrial processes like the decomposition of calcium carbonate in a cement plant.The cement industry contributes about 7%of the total worldwide CO_(2)emissions and the CO_(2)concentration of flue gas of the cement kiln tail even exceeds 30%.Ionic liquid is considered to be an effective and potential material to capture CO_(2).In order to investigate the performance of ionic liquids for capturing CO_(2)from flue gas of the cement kiln tail,an experiment system was established and an ionic liquid,[APMIm][NTf_(2)](1-aminopropyl-3-imidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imine),was tested using pure CO_(2)and simulated gas.The results showed that both physical and chemical absorption play roles while physical absorption dominates in the absorption process.Both the absorption capacity and rate decrease with raising the operating temperature.In the experiment with pure CO_(2),the absorption capacity is 0.296molCO_(2)⋅molIL−1 at 30℃ and 0.067molCO_(2)⋅molIL−1 at 70℃.Meanwhile,the ionic liquid can be regenerated for recycling without obvious changes of the absorption capacity.When the ionic liquid is used for flue gas of the cement kiln tail rather than pure CO_(2),a sharp decrease of the absorption capacity and rate was observed obviously.The absorption capacity at 30℃ dropped even to 0.038molCO_(2)⋅mol_(IL)^(−1),12.8%of that for pure CO_(2).Additionally,a natural desorption of CO_(2)from the ionic liquid was observed and affected the experimental results of the absorption capacity and the absorption-desorption rate to some extent.

Experimental and modeling study of CO_(2)-Improved gas recovery in gas condensate reservoir

This paper presents the effectiveness of the CO_(2) injection process at different periods during gascondensate reservoir development.Taking a real gas-condensate reservoir located in China's east region as an example,first,we conducted experiments of constant composition expansion(CCE),constant volume depletion(CVD),saturation pressure determination,and single flash.Next,a series of water/CO2 flooding experiments were been investigated,including water flooding at present pressure 15 MPa,CO_(2) flooding at 25.53 MPa,15 MPa,which repents initial pressure and present pressure respectively.Finally,the core flooding numerical model was constructed using a generalized equation-of-state model reservoir simulator(GEM)to reveal miscible flooding mechanism and the seepage flow characteristics in the condensate gas reservoir with CO2 injection.A desirable agreement achieved in experimental results and predicted pressure volume temperature(PVT)properties by the modified equation of state(EOS)in the CVD and CCE tests indicated that the proposed recombination method can successfully produce a fluid with the same phase behavior of initial reservoir fluid with an acceptable accuracy.The modeling results confirm the experimental results,and both methods indicate that significant productivity loss can occur in retrograde gas condensate reservoirs when the flowing bottom-hole pressure falls below dew point pressure.Moreover,the results show that CO_(2) treatment can improve gas productivity by a factor of about 1.39 compared with the water flooding mode.These results may help reservoir engineers and specialists to restore the lost productivity of gas condensate.

Mechanisms of strengthening energy and mass transfer in microbial conversion of flue-gas-derived CO_(2) to biodiesel and biogas fuels

The goals of national energy security and sustainable development necessitate the role of renewable energy,of which biomass energy is an essential choice for realizing the strategic energy diversification and building a lowcarbon energy system.Microbial conversion of flue-gas-derived CO_(2) for producing biodiesel and biogas has been considered a significant technology in new energy development.Microalgae carbon sequestration is a hot research direction for researchers.However,three fundamental problems relating to energy/mass transfer and conversion remain as follows:(1)contradictory relationship between high resistance of cell membrane micropores and high flux of flue-gas-derived CO_(2) limits mass transfer rate of CO_(2) molecules across cell membrane;(2)low biocatalytic activity of intracellular enzymes with high-concentration CO_(2) results in difficulties in directional carbon/hydrogen conversion;(3)competition between multiple intracellular reaction pathways and high energy barriers of target products hinder the desirable cascade energy transfer.Therefore,key scientific issues of microbial energy conversion lie in the understanding on directional carbon/hydrogen conversion and desirable cascade energy transfer.Multiple researches have established a theoretical foundation of microbial energy conversion which strengthens energy/mass transfer in microbial cells.The innovative results in previous studies have been obtained as follows:(1)Reveal mass transfer mechanism of vortex flow across cell membrane micropores.(2)Propose a strategy that directionally regulates enzyme activity.(3)Establish chain reaction pathways coupled with step changes.

基于S-CO_(2)循环和ORC耦合的燃煤发电系统烟气余热深度利用方案研究

多级压缩回热能够显著提升超临界二氧化碳(S-CO_(2))循环效率,然而当其应用于燃煤发电领域时,由于回热程度的提高,锅炉尾部烟气余热吸收困难.针对这一问题,本文构建了一次再热三级压缩S-CO_(2)循环(TC+RH)和有机朗肯循环(R123)深度耦合的联合循环,通过优化系统与环境间的能量流动过程,逐步提高系统性能.首先通过ORC同时逐级吸收S-CO_(2)循环冷却器与锅炉烟气热能,降低锅炉排烟温度、提高锅炉效率.在S-CO_(2)循环主气参数为620℃/30 MPa时,排烟温度从132℃降低到123℃,系统发电效率从47.13%提升到47.24%.引入有机朗肯循环(ORC)构建的联合循环可以有效地吸收锅炉尾部烟道烟气余热,获得更高的锅炉效率从而使系统发电效率提高.进而在耦合ORC的基础上,充分利用S-CO_(2)循环冷却器变温放热特点,通过空气与R123共同吸收冷却器内高温段热量,实现系统发电效率的进一步提高(47.24%~48.90%).本文为同时实现高效吸收锅炉尾部烟道烟气余热以及回收循环冷却器热量提供了有效的解决途径.

Thermodynamic analysis of improvement of converter gas by injecting pulverized coal into vaporization cooling flue

In order to improve the calorific value and the recovery yield of converter gas during the steelmaking process, a novel and thermodynamically admissible process was proposed. This method involved injecting pulverized coal into the vaporization cooling flue of a converter, and the approach was developed based on an industrial 30 t converter. The effects of temperature, O2 content, and the volumetric ratio of CO to CO2 on the conversion of the mixed components of gas were analyzed using thermodynamic calculations. Furthermore, the effect of the injection rate on the quality and quantity of gas was investigated. The results show that the O2 and CO2 components of flue gas decrease as the injection rate increases, whereas the CO and H2 components synchronously increase. With the injection rate of 30 kg min-1, the 02 and CO2 components of the gas decreased by 64.12 and 41.19%, respectively, while the CO and H2 increased by 20.09 and 236.84%, respectively, and the recovery time of gas increased by 11.61%, compared to non-injection.