Fluorescence-based PCR Detection of Goat Milk Powder Mixed with Cow Milk

[Objectives]To amplify and identify the specific gene fragments of cattle and sheep by real-time fluorescence-based PCR,and quickly and accurately identify the adulteration problem of goat milk powder according to the differences of mitochondrial genes among different species.[Methods]The specificity,limit of detection and repeatability test were carried out by isolating somatic cells,extracting template DNA and determining the reaction conditions of real-time fluorescence-based PCR.[Results]The real-time fluorescence-based PCR method could be used to identify the bovine and ovine-derived materials of milk powder with high specificity,high sensitivity and good repeatability,and the limit of detection of milk components in goat milk powder could reach 0.01%.[Conclusions]The real-time fluorescence-based PCR method can be used to quickly and accurately detect the milk components in goat milk powder,and provide some technical support for the adulteration detection of dairy industry.

Evaluation of Clinical Application of Chemiluminescence and Real-time,Fluorescence-based Quantitative PCR in Diagnosis of Epstein-Barr Virus lnfection

Objective:To compare the effects of clinical application of chemiluminescence and real-time,fluorescence-based quantitative PCR in the detection Epstein-Barr virus(EBV).Methods:The data of chemiluminescence and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR.fromipaEsfwo were suspected of being infectea w1tn rito1 roro January 2016 to January 2019 in our hospital were analyzed.The specific stage of EBV infection was analyzed,and the differences in results of the two detection methods were compared.Results:Chemiluminescence method was used to detect EBV infection during the active phase.The sensitivity of the chemiluminescence method was 76.7%(56/73)and the real-time quantitative PCRmethod was 90.4%(66/73).There was a statistical difference between the two detection methods(P<0.05).Conclusion:There was no statistical difference in positive predictive values between the chemiluminescence method and the real-time,fluorescence-based quantitative PCR method in the detection of EBV infection,but the sensitivity of chemiluminescence method is slightly lower than the real-time quantitative PCRmethod.It is noteworthy that chemiluminescence method is convenient and fast while the real-time,fluorescence-based quantitative PCR method is more accurate,which can provide a more accurate reference for clinical treatment.

Optical substrates for drug-metabolizing enzymes: Recent advances and future perspectives

Drug-metabolizing enzymes(DMEs),a diverse group of enzymes responsible for the metabolic elimination of drugs and other xenobiotics,have been recognized as the critical determinants to drug safety and efficacy.Deciphering and understanding the key roles of individual DMEs in drug metabolism and toxicity,as well as characterizing the interactions of central DMEs with xenobiotics require reliable,practical and highly specific tools for sensing the activities of these enzymes in biological systems.In the last few decades,the scientists have developed a variety of optical substrates for sensing human DMEs,parts of them have been successfully used for studying target enzyme(s)in tissue preparations and living systems.Herein,molecular design principals and recent advances in the development and applications of optical substrates for human DMEs have been reviewed systematically.Furthermore,the challenges and future perspectives in this field are also highlighted.The presented information offers a group of practical approaches and imaging tools for sensing DMEs activities in complex biological systems,which strongly facilitates high-throughput screening the modulators of target DMEs and studies on drug/herb-drug interactions,as well as promotes the fundamental researches for exploring the relevance of DMEs to human diseases and drug treatment outcomes.