Multi‑omics analysis reveals gut microbiota‑ovary axis contributed to the follicular development difference between Meishan and Landrace×Yorkshire sows

Background The mechanism by which Meishan(MS)sows are superior to white crossbred sows in ovarian follicle development remains unclear.Given gut microbiota could regulate female ovarian function and reproductive capacity,this study aimed to determine the role of gut microbiota-ovary axis on follicular development in sows.Methods We compared the ovarian follicular development,gut microbiota,plasma metabolome,and follicular fluid metabolome between MS and Landrace×Yorkshire(L×Y)sows.A H_(2)O_(2)-induced cell apoptosis model was used to evaluate the effects of multi-omics identified metabolites on the apoptosis of porcine ovarian granulosa cells in vitro.Results Compared with L×Y sows,MS sows have greater ovary weight and improved follicular development,including the greater counts of large follicles of diameter≥5 mm,secondary follicles,and antral follicles,but lesser atretic follicles.The ovarian granulosa cells in MS sows had alleviated apoptosis,which was indicated by the increased BCL-2,decreased caspases-3,and decreased cleaved caspases-3 than in L×Y sows.The ovarian follicular fluid of MS sows had higher concentrations of estradiol,progesterone,follicle-stimulating hormone,luteinizing hormone,and insulin like growth factor 1 than L×Y sows.Gut microbiota of MS sows formed a distinct cluster and had improved alpha diversity,including increased Shannon and decreased Simpson than those of L×Y sows.Corresponding to the enhanced function of carbohydrate metabolism and elevated short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)in feces,the differential metabolites in plasma between MS and L×Y sows are also mainly enriched in pathways of fatty acid metabolism.There were significant correlations among SCFAs with follicular development,ovarian granulosa cells apoptosis,and follicular fluid hormones,respectively.Noteworthily,compared with L×Y sows,MS sows had higher follicular fluid SCFAs concentrations which could ameliorate H_(2)O_(2)-induced porcine granulosa cells apoptosis in vitro.Conclusion MS sows have more secondary and antral follicles,but fewer atretic follicles and apoptotic ovarian granulosa cells,as well as harbored a distinctive gut microbiota than L×Y sows.Gut microbiota may participate in regulating ovarian follicular development via SCFAs affecting granulosa cells apoptosis in sows.

Effect of Inhibinα(1-32)Gene Immunization on the Follicular Development and Reproductive Hormones in Rats

A total of 40 rats, aged in 30 days. were divided into 4 groups and immunized (intramuscularly injection) with 0 μg(control), 15μg (group 1), 25μg (group 2) or 40 μg (group 3) of inhibin α(1-32) re-combinant expression plasmid pcINH in combination with liposome. Booster was given without liposome on day 20 after primary immunization. The results showed that 50%(13/26) rats were detected in positive antibody against inhibin. However, the increase of immunization dosage and booster did not promote the ratio of antibody positive rats. The number of matured follicles above 0.8 mm in diameter in the antibody positive rats was 2.3 more than that in the negative rats (P>0. 05). The concentration of blood plasma FSH increased distinctively on day 10 after primary immunization (P<0. 05), but no increase was observed after booster immunization. The 17-β-estradiol levels in blood plasma of rats between the positive and the negative groups had no remarkable differences (P>0.05). These results suggested that recombinant inhibin expression plasmid could stimulate animal body to produce antibody against inhibin.

Major royal jelly proteins accelerate onset of puberty and promote ovarian follicular development in immature female mice

The major royal jelly proteins(MRJPs)are the central constituents responsible for the specific activities of royal jelly.Here MRJPs via oral administration daily for 45 consecutive days were evaluated the effects on the reproductive parameters in immature female mice(FM).Neonatal FM were divided into four groups fed MRJPs with doses of 0,125,250 and 500 mg/kg/body weight(M125,M250 and M500).The results in M125,M250 and M500 showed that the times of estrus were accelerated by 10.7%,15.5%and 10.7%,the secondary follicles number were increased by 50.7%,78.8%and 38.6%,the Graafian follicles were increased by 600.0%and 774.0%and 150.0%,respectively.M500 induced multi-oocyte follicles.The serum estradiol levels of the three groups were increased by 47.1%,64.9%and 31.1%,the action of MRJPs raising hormone secretion level is mainly via upregulating expression of ERˇgene.Antioxidant parameters of ovarian tissue showed that the malondialdehyde levels in M125 and M250 were decreased,the superoxide dismutase activities and glutathione peroxidase activities in M125 and M250 were increased.In conclusion,MRJPs may accelerate onset of puberty and promote follicular development in FM.Our findings would facilitate better understanding of the benefit effect of MRJPs as the key ingredient in royal jelly on promoting fertility performance.

Beneficial effects of a decreased meal frequency on nutrient utilization,secretion of luteinizing hormones and ovarian follicular development in gilts

Background:Replacement gilts are typically fed ad libitum,whereas emerging evidence from human and rodent studies has revealed that time-restricted access to food has health benefits.The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of meal frequency on the metabolic status and ovarian follicular development in gilts.Methods:A total of 36 gilts(Landrace×Yorkshire)with an age of 150±3 d and a body weight of 77.6±3.8 kg were randomly allocated into one of three groups(n=12 in each group),and based on the group allocation,the gilts were fed at a frequency of one meal(T1),two meals(T2),or six meals per day(T6)for 14 consecutive weeks.The effects of the meal frequency on growth preference,nutrient utilization,short-chain fatty acid production by gut microbial,the post-meal dynamics in the metabolic status,reproductive hormone secretions,and ovarian follicular development in the gilts were measured.Results:The gilts in the T1 group presented a higher average daily gain(+48 g/d,P<0.05)and a higher body weight(+4.9 kg,P<0.05)than those in the T6 group.The meal frequency had no effect on the apparent digestibility of dry matter,crude protein,ether extract,ash,and gross energy,with the exception that the T1 gilts exhibited a greater NDF digestibility than the T6 gilts(P<0.05).The nitrogen balance analysis revealed that the T1 gilts presented decreased urine excretion of nitrogen(−8.17 g/d,P<0.05)and higher nitrogen retention(+9.81 g/d,P<0.05),and thus exhibited higher nitrogen utilization than the T6 gilts.The time-course dynamics of glucose,α-amino nitrogen,urea,lactate,and insulin levels in serum revealed that the T1 group exhibited higher utilization of nutrients after a meal than the T2 or T6 gilts.The T1 gilts also had a higher acetate content and SCFAs in feces than the T6 gilts(P<0.05).The age,body weight and backfat thickness of the gilts at first estrous expression were not affected by the meal frequency,but the gilts in the T1 group had higher levels of serum luteinizing hormone on the 18th day of the 3rd estrus cycle and 17β-estradiol,a larger number of growing follicles and corpora lutea,and higher mRNA expression levels of genes related to follicular development on the 19th day of the 3rd estrus cycle.Conclusions:The current findings revealed the benefits of a lower meal frequency equal feed intake on nutrient utilization and reproductive function in replacement gilts,and thus provide new insights into the nutritional strategy for replacement gilts,and the dietary pattern for other mammals,such as humans.

Progress in Study on Shen-invigorating Herbs Used in Promoting Follicular Development

The practice of stimulating follicular develop-ment by Shen-invigorating herbs is directed by tra-ditional Chinese medical theories of“the Shenstores essence of life and governs reproduction”

The correlation between TNF-α,IL-6 in cervical mucous during follicular development and ovulation stimulation in different protocols

Objective:To investigate the correlation between TNF-α and IL-6 levels in cervical mucous during follicular development and ovulation stimulation in different protocols.Methods:36 infertile women were set up as experimental groups,divided into CC,HMG,IVF-ET group,each group consisted of 12 infertile women and 15 women with normal menstrual cycles were choiced as control group.Cervical mucous during follicular phase,luteal phase and ovulation phase were collected.TNF-a,IL-6 levels in cervical mucous were measured by radioimmunology assay(RIA).Follicular development were monitored by transvaginal ultrasonagraphy.Results:(1)TNF-α levels in cervical mucous of experimental groups and control group were periodically various among the reproductive cycle.It increased during follicular phase,reached to peak during ovulation phase,and decreased during luteal phase(P<0.05).IL-6 levels had no obvious periodical changes.(2)Compared with CC and control group,levels of TNF-α,IL-6 in HMG and IVF-ET group were significantly higher(P<0.05).(3)Levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in cervical mucous were positively correlated with the dominant follicle diameter(r=0.261,r=0.192 respectively,P<0.05).(4)TNF-α and IL-6 showed positive correlation in the reproductive cycle(r=0.782,P<0.05).Conclusions:(1)TNF-α level shows a cyclic change in the reproductive cycle and peaks during ovulation,whereas IL-6 level does not.(2)TNF-α and IL-6 may play a certain role in the process of follicular development and ovulation.(3)The levels of TNF-α and IL-6 are up-regulated by gonadotrophic hormone.(4)TNF-α and IL-6 may have coordination properties and participate in the same biological effects.

Effect of Epidermal Growth Factor on Follicular Development and Steroidogenesis in Perfused Rat Ovary

The effect of epidermal growth factor(EGF) on follicular development and steroidogenesis was investigated using an in vitro perfused immature rat ovary model. Type 3a and type 3b follicles were counted in the sections of perfused ovaries. To determine action of EGF on amortize activity, effect of testosterone(10-5 M) plus EGF(10 ng/ml) and that of testosterone(10-5 M) alone were compared. EGF(10 ng/ml) significantly increased the number of both types of follicles. At time-course experiment, EGF(10 ng/ml) did not enhance the number of both types of follicles after 10 hr perfusion, but significantly augmented it after perfusion of 20 hrs. EGF(10 ng/m) also stimulated progesterone production. There was no significant difference in estradiol level when ovaries were treated with EGF alone. The addition of testosterone significantly increased estradiol production. EGF inhibited testosterone-derived ovary estradiol production. These results suggest that EGF induces development of the primordial and primary follicles and plays an important role in controlling development by regulating function of granulosa cells.

Resource allocation optimization of equipment development task based on MOPSO algorithm

Resource allocation for an equipment development task is a complex process owing to the inherent characteristics,such as large amounts of input resources,numerous sub-tasks,complex network structures,and high degrees of uncertainty.This paper presents an investigation into the influence of resource allocation on the duration and cost of sub-tasks.Mathematical models are constructed for the relationships of the resource allocation quantity with the duration and cost of the sub-tasks.By considering the uncertainties,such as fluctuations in the sub-task duration and cost,rework iterations,and random overlaps,the tasks are simulated for various resource allocation schemes.The shortest duration and the minimum cost of the development task are first formulated as the objective function.Based on a multi-objective particle swarm optimization(MOPSO)algorithm,a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm is constructed to optimize the resource allocation scheme for the development task.Finally,an uninhabited aerial vehicle(UAV)is considered as an example of a development task to test the algorithm,and the optimization results of this method are compared with those based on non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II(NSGA-II),non-dominated sorting differential evolution(NSDE)and strength pareto evolutionary algorithm-II(SPEA-II).The proposed method is verified for its scientific approach and effectiveness.The case study shows that the optimization of the resource allocation can greatly aid in shortening the duration of the development task and reducing its cost effectively.

Deformation and Development Tendency of Shiliushubao Landslide by Numerical Modeling

On the basis of analysing basic features of Shiliushubao landslide, the landslide＇s deformation and development tendency are quantitatively studied by using FLA^3D program. The results accord with monitoring results. The results are indicated that resevoir impounding accelerates the landslide＇s deformation, and the variation of reservoir water level is key factor of affecting the deformation; The landslide has the characters of pull-behind move ment according to the displacement of the landslide body gradually reducing from leading edge to trailing edge; Excavating and deloading slow down the landslide＇s deformation in the certain degree. On the basis, the deformation developmental tendency of Shiliushubao landslide is predicted by the established simulating model.

Traditional Literature's Influence on the Development of Chinese Cultural Schools

Known as sinology in today' s social and cultural development,the Chinese traditional literature has a certain effect on the age.Combined with the view on people' s social value development in traditional literature and explore today' s development of social and cultural schools,the basic embodiment of traditional and social moral schools as the innovation and development of Chinese cultural schools can be summed up.From the traditional Confucian literary concept of development,it can be seen that the specific viewpoint of social development has promoted the innovation and development of Chinese humanistic and social cultural schools.Having the trend of diversification,Chinese traditional literature has a three-dimensional impact on the Chinese cultural schools and also provides a powerful impetus for the diversified development of Chinese cultural schools.

Cyber Development of Government Service Platform in Social Public Administration

The cyber development of government service platform is just to integrate all the superiorities of the government to strengthen its roles such as service,performance and function to drive the social development actively.Hence,the social public administration will take this opportunity to optimize the cyber information service platform to make the civic administration oriented to the social development to maximize its functions of organization,coordination and service to protrude the ascendancy of the web era so as to lay a solid foundation for the leap development of the public administration.

环境规制、数字赋能对产业结构升级的影响及机理

当前中国经济转型的重要路径为“绿色优先,数字赋能”。为探究绿色化与数字化在产业层面能否实现协同发展,该研究利用全国283个地级市的面板数据,验证数字经济在产业结构绿色转型过程中发挥的调节效应。首先使用多重门槛检验来寻找环境规制与产业结构调整之间的非线性关系,在利用高阶函数进行拟合的基础上,加入产业数字化与数字产业化两大调节变量剖析环境规制和数字赋能的协同作用。研究结果表明:①环境规制对于产业结构合理化不存在明显影响,但对产业结构高级化存在单门槛效应,即当环境规制力度越过门槛值后能够实现环境改善与产业结构升级共赢。②产业数字化与环境规制并行使得产业结构合理化出现了双门槛效应,随着两者融合程度加深,可通过逐步减轻环境规制力度来实现协同发展;但产业数字化与环境规制并行使得产业结构高级化的单门槛效应消失,交互项系数显著为正但并不稳定。③数字产业化与环境规制并行对于产业结构合理化不存在显著影响,但对于产业结构高级化产生了单门槛效应,且随着两者融合程度加深,生态与产业协同发展的强度区间会逐渐扩大。④从局部地区的异质性回归结果来看,主要结论仍然可以得到验证,但发现经济发达片区存在向欠发达片区进行污染转移的现象。据此,该研究提出,顶层设计过程中应考虑地方环境治理的短视行为及各区域产业层次的客观差异,引导发达地区政府更加关注绿色技术创新的长期驱动力,促进“绿色共识”与发展目标深度融合。

产蛋间隔前期鸽卵泡转录组比较分析揭示卵泡发育相关基因

旨在对产蛋间隔前期母鸽卵泡颗粒细胞(GC)层进行高通量测序,筛选出与鸽卵泡发育和选择相关的关键基因。本研究选择了80对12月龄产蛋规律、体重相近的白羽王鸽为研究对象,在产蛋间隔第1天(LI1)和第3天(LI3)分别选择3只母鸽,采集F1和SF1卵泡GC层,并利用RNA-seq进行转录组分析,筛选L1F1/L1SF1、L3F1/L3SF1、L1F1/L3F1和L1SF1/L3SF1组,4组间差异表达基因(DEGs),对DEGs进行GO功能注释和KEGG通路富集分析,通过STRING数据库进行蛋白质互作(PPI)网络分析并使用Cytoscape软件进行可视化处理筛选关键基因,各组随机选择5个DEGs进行RT-qPCR验证转录组的可靠性。在4组比对中分别获得77、2736、5698和3864个DEGs。GO分析显示,4组DEGs都主要富集的GO条目为细胞过程、细胞解剖实体和连接。KEGG通路富集分析显示,L1F1/L1SF1组和L3F1/L3SF1组DEGs均显著富集在类固醇激素生物合成和卵巢类固醇合成等信号通路,L1F1/L3F1组和L1SF1/L3SF1组DEGs均显著富集在糖胺聚糖降解、突触囊泡周期和氧化磷酸化等信号通路。进一步地,进行PPI网络分析并筛选与卵泡发育和选择密切相关的DEGs。各组随机选择5个DEGs进行RT-qPCR验证,表达趋势与测序结果一致。本研究利用RNA-seq技术筛选到与鸽卵泡发育和选择相关的关键基因——EEF2、DDX5、PLK2、IGF 2R、LHCGR、HSD 3B1、CYP 19A1和StAR,为进一步探究鸽卵泡发育和选择的分子调控机制提供了理论依据。

新质生产力视角下推进安徽经济由“大”向“强”再跨越的路径研究

习近平总书记提出的“新质生产力”这一崭新概念,丰富和发展了马克思主义生产力理论,是对马克思主义政治经济学的重大理论创新。新质生产力不仅能推动产业边际收益递增,还能积聚新动能、塑造新优势、开辟新赛道。安徽应把握新时代发展要求,积极开辟绿色发展赛道提升市场竞争力,开辟数字经济赛道增强新质生产力,开辟融合发展赛道培育产业扩张力,开辟未来产业赛道厚植经济发展潜力,推进安徽经济由“大”向“强”的再跨越。为此,要实施“包容人才”的政策,积极营造“养人养家养业”的环境,吸引、集聚、留住创新人才,为持续发展新质生产力提供人才保障,为安徽经济由“大”向“强”的再跨越培育源源不断的强劲动能。

中国铼资源特征及其勘查开发利用现状

铼(Re)是重要的战略性新兴产业矿产,在现代国防和工业及新兴领域具有广泛的用途。本文在《中国矿产地质志·稀散金属矿卷》研编的基础上,对中国铼矿资源特征和勘查开发利用情况进行进一步总结,认为我国铼矿资源分布比较集中,具有较大的成矿潜力和找矿空间。近年来,铼的矿产勘查取得了重要成果,据不完全统计,截至2021年底,共获得铼查明资源储量787.41 t。从世界上看,铼的规模生产开始于1930年。与世界相比,中国铼工业发展并未形成规模,仍处于初级阶段,且其开发利用严重依赖寄主矿床的开发利用。借鉴国外铼资源的开发利用史,铼的应用从添加剂到催化剂到航空发动机再到量子计算,每一次技术革新都带来对铼资源需求的增长。预测未来10~20 a国内铼的应用将更加多元化,需求也将达到高峰期,铼资源保障程度有待于进一步提高。建议开展全国铼矿资源潜力评价,查明铼的可用资源量和潜力,加强铼资源综合利用和回收产业化,建立铼的战略储备机制。

中国碲资源特征及勘查开发利用现状

碲(Te)是重要的战略性新兴产业矿产资源,在现代国防和工业及新兴领域具有广泛的用途。本文在《中国矿产地质志·稀散金属矿卷》研编的基础上,对中国碲矿资源特征和勘查开发利用现状进行了系统梳理和总结,提出中国碲矿以伴生矿为主,独立碲矿床仅1个(四川大水沟);已查明碲矿资源储量集中分布在广东、江西和甘肃,3省碲资源量占全国资源总量的93.08%;伴生大型、超大型碲矿(大宝山、城门山、金川和白家咀子)具有较大的成矿潜力和找矿空间;目前,中国碲工业发展仍处于初级阶段,开发利用严重依赖于寄主矿床。随着太阳能电池、航空航天等技术的快速发展,碲矿资源需求将逐步加大,碲资源供应缺口即将来临。为了确保中国乃至全球碲资源的可持续供应,中国应加大碲资源的勘查力度,提高碲矿的提取技术,从而提高自身的碲产量和供应能力,推动碲产业的发展,减少对外依赖。这不仅有助于保障国家经济发展的需要,也有利于加速中国在碲相关产业领域的技术进步和国际竞争力的提升。

桦褐孔菌发酵豆乳的工艺探究及品质分析

为开发出一种新型桦褐孔菌发酵豆乳饮料,采用液体发酵技术,以东北黄豆为原料,以桦褐孔菌为发酵剂研制发酵型功能性豆乳饮料。以桦褐孔菌发酵豆乳多糖含量作为指标,采用单因素试验及响应面法对桦褐孔菌豆乳发酵工艺进行优化。结果表明:桦褐孔菌豆乳的最佳发酵工艺条件为接种量6.3%、豆浆添加量119 mL、发酵温度28℃、发酵时间4 d,测得多糖含量4.55μg/mL。发酵后饮料添加5%蔗糖、0.10%乳酸和2.00%的蜂蜜可明显提高产品适口性和品质。

中国式现代化的经济学维度——兼论中国特色发展经济学的三重意涵

主流发展经济学对中国经济发展成就有一定解释力,但无法胜任对中国式现代化的解释任务。通过对成功实现现代化的东亚国家的历史考察,指出演化经济学和发展型国家理论可以作为构建中国特色发展经济学的两种思想资源。中国能够成功实现现代化是因为我们的经济发展战略长期聚焦生产力提升,在经济发展的不同阶段能够适时调整发展战略和经济政策,并实现了制度变迁、经济结构变迁和国家能力提升三者的协同演进。制度变迁、经济结构变迁、国家能力提升成为构建中国特色发展经济学的三个重要意涵。

我国生态文明教育政策话语的历史演进与发展趋势——基于1978-2023年生态文明教育的政策文本分析

改革开放以来,党和国家高度重视生态文明教育,先后出台了一系列生态文明教育的相关政策,形成了中国特色的生态文明教育政策话语体系。本研究选取1978—2023年党和国家颁布的267份生态文明教育相关政策文件,采用定量与定性相结合的方法对政策文本中的政策话语进行深度分析。纵向研究发现,改革开放以来,我国生态文明教育政策话语经历了初步探索、巩固强化、科学优化和纵深发展四个发展阶段。横向研究从价值导向、目标取向、教育内容、保障机制四个维度构建分析框架,结果表明,我国生态文明教育政策话语始终坚持生态文明的价值立场,生态文明教育政策话语体系在持续的优化与调整中走向成熟与完善,逐渐形成了适合中国国情和人民需要的生态文明教育话语体系。生态文明教育政策话语不仅引领我国生态文明教育的科学发展,而且为全球生态正义和可持续发展提供建设性的中国方案。

共同富裕背景下浙江省高职院校学情调查分析

共同富裕的重要标志和动能是壮大中等收入群体,要扩大中等收入群体需要发挥高等职业教育塑造新生中等收入群体的功用。对11万多名学生抽样调查发现,浙江高职院校的生源主要来自县城及以下,家庭经济收入以中等及偏下为主,来自乡镇的学生有上升的趋势;高年级学生的学习满意度显著高于低年级学生,师生沟通和学生的时间控制呈现下降趋势;“双高计划”建设院校学生的满意度总体高于其他院校,而国家高水平学校建设单位和高水平专业群建设院校在人才培养方面不分伯仲;高职院校的人才培养成效与区域经济发展呈正相关性,位于区域经济发展强的高职院校学生满意度显著高于其他区域的学生,存在一定程度区域发展的不均衡性。赋能共富示范区建设,需要高等职业教育在兜底高等教育的同时增强学生获取和维护技能的意愿和能力,着力培育工匠精神;着力增强学生的数字技能等专业核心能力;在“双高计划”建设中更加强化人才培养的基础地位,将人才培养质量作为评价“双高计划”建设的重要指标;强化省域统筹,协同发展并推进优质高职资源下沉县域。