Plantain is a food security crop of significant nutritional value in the global south. Yet there are significant post-harvest losses, especially at the senescent stage. This review seeks to give a general overview of ...Plantain is a food security crop of significant nutritional value in the global south. Yet there are significant post-harvest losses, especially at the senescent stage. This review seeks to give a general overview of the crop, its nutritional significance and the technologies that can be adopted to enhance its utilisation at its senescent stage. In West Africa, plantains are eaten at all ripening stages, yet processing is limited to the unripe and semi-ripe. Adoptable technologies such as foam-mat drying will enhance its utilisation in indigenous meals and other food applications. This review provides useful insight to optimize the use of plantain to prevent food waste.展开更多
低渗油藏孔隙结构复杂,比表面积大,空气泡沫驱过程中起泡剂在储层中吸附损失严重,影响空气泡沫驱的应用效果。延长东部油田甘谷驿油区孔隙度平均为10.76%,渗透率平均为0.933 m D,属于低孔特低渗储层。为了减小起泡剂在地层中的吸附,同...低渗油藏孔隙结构复杂,比表面积大,空气泡沫驱过程中起泡剂在储层中吸附损失严重,影响空气泡沫驱的应用效果。延长东部油田甘谷驿油区孔隙度平均为10.76%,渗透率平均为0.933 m D,属于低孔特低渗储层。为了减小起泡剂在地层中的吸附,同时提高泡沫液的稳定性,结合油藏实际地质特征,研制了一种基于脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚-邻苯二甲酸酯钠盐的新型阴离子表面活性起泡剂,对新型起泡剂发泡能力、耐温耐盐性、吸附损失大小、耐油能力和界面张力等基本性能进行了系统评价。结果表明:在稳定性方面,当起泡剂含量大于2 000 mg/L时,发泡高度可超过180 mm,在2 000 mg/L、30℃时,新型起泡剂均优于SDS(十二烷基硫酸钠)和ABS(十二烷基苯磺酸钠)发泡性能;在遇油稳定性方面,加原油后起泡,原油加量为20%以内时对起泡结果仅有微弱干扰,起泡后加原油,当加入量为20%时,泡沫依然有较好的稳定性。新型起泡剂在遇油稳定性方面明显强于ABS和甘谷驿区块泡沫驱体系使用的BK6A起泡剂;在吸附损失方面,当油砂加量达到25 g时,起泡体积仅从620 m L降低至590 m L,吸附量少。新型起泡剂体系优越的发泡性能、稳泡性能和抗温抗盐性能,为泡沫驱油剂体系提供了重要的物质基础,不仅适合延长东部浅层特低渗油藏,同时也适应于延长西部中深层特低渗油藏。展开更多
文摘Plantain is a food security crop of significant nutritional value in the global south. Yet there are significant post-harvest losses, especially at the senescent stage. This review seeks to give a general overview of the crop, its nutritional significance and the technologies that can be adopted to enhance its utilisation at its senescent stage. In West Africa, plantains are eaten at all ripening stages, yet processing is limited to the unripe and semi-ripe. Adoptable technologies such as foam-mat drying will enhance its utilisation in indigenous meals and other food applications. This review provides useful insight to optimize the use of plantain to prevent food waste.
文摘低渗油藏孔隙结构复杂,比表面积大,空气泡沫驱过程中起泡剂在储层中吸附损失严重,影响空气泡沫驱的应用效果。延长东部油田甘谷驿油区孔隙度平均为10.76%,渗透率平均为0.933 m D,属于低孔特低渗储层。为了减小起泡剂在地层中的吸附,同时提高泡沫液的稳定性,结合油藏实际地质特征,研制了一种基于脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚-邻苯二甲酸酯钠盐的新型阴离子表面活性起泡剂,对新型起泡剂发泡能力、耐温耐盐性、吸附损失大小、耐油能力和界面张力等基本性能进行了系统评价。结果表明:在稳定性方面,当起泡剂含量大于2 000 mg/L时,发泡高度可超过180 mm,在2 000 mg/L、30℃时,新型起泡剂均优于SDS(十二烷基硫酸钠)和ABS(十二烷基苯磺酸钠)发泡性能;在遇油稳定性方面,加原油后起泡,原油加量为20%以内时对起泡结果仅有微弱干扰,起泡后加原油,当加入量为20%时,泡沫依然有较好的稳定性。新型起泡剂在遇油稳定性方面明显强于ABS和甘谷驿区块泡沫驱体系使用的BK6A起泡剂;在吸附损失方面,当油砂加量达到25 g时,起泡体积仅从620 m L降低至590 m L,吸附量少。新型起泡剂体系优越的发泡性能、稳泡性能和抗温抗盐性能,为泡沫驱油剂体系提供了重要的物质基础,不仅适合延长东部浅层特低渗油藏,同时也适应于延长西部中深层特低渗油藏。
