Given the rising trend in obesity in children and youth and age-related decline in moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity(MVPA)in several Western,African,and Asian-Pacific countries^1 and strong evidence tha...Given the rising trend in obesity in children and youth and age-related decline in moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity(MVPA)in several Western,African,and Asian-Pacific countries^1 and strong evidence that past physical activity(PA)interventions have had only a small effect on children’s and youth’s overall activity levels,~2it is important to clarify whether school-based PA interventions warrant resource allocation.Schools represent an accessible and cost-effective展开更多
The claim of philosophy connection with academic education is based upon the assumption that philosophy can change students＇ critical status （such as surprising, demanding standard...） and train them with reasoning...The claim of philosophy connection with academic education is based upon the assumption that philosophy can change students＇ critical status （such as surprising, demanding standard...） and train them with reasoning, conception forming, changing, and investigating skills. Philosophy in school, on the one hand, is a progressive discussion about our future educational system so that it can provide safe training about how philosophy can be performed and mixed in school classes and auditoriums. Therefore, philosophy for children explains that how each teacher in each subject is able to accept a model of philosophical search and adapt it to the class situation. Philosophy is much better understood if considered as a public activity and a conversation according to what Socrates did, than just considered as an education subject which should be inserted in child＇s memory. On the other hand, philosophical opening, questioning, and surprising toward the word--the characteristics which are undeniable, admirable, and comprehensive----can be remained superficial and even bare. Unless, it founts from Socrates＇ dialectic insight： ＂I know that I don＇t know.＂ Philosophy for children is a program which involves them in every class discussion in the field of philosophical subjects. The aim of this program is the improvement of children though via introducing them numerous ＂Big Question＂ and enables them in considering these questions. Using this program, teachers encourage children to think more deeply on ideas about their schoolwork. This strategy mainly takes place in project community of classes. Children will deeply concentrate on their thoughts and skill and then improve them while considering and reinforcing their own and others＇ ideas in response to philosophical puzzles. This article aims to reply the following questions： What is philosophy for children？ What aims does it follow？ What is its content？ What skills does it consider？ How does it compose with the current educational programming？ What strategies does this curriculum follow？展开更多
She clambers up a rock, reaches both hands onto comers of the shabby cement wall and heaves herself up, being careful not to catch her school bag on the protruding bricks. She straddles the top and then jumps gingerly...She clambers up a rock, reaches both hands onto comers of the shabby cement wall and heaves herself up, being careful not to catch her school bag on the protruding bricks. She straddles the top and then jumps gingerly down onto the pebbled ground beside the railway line.展开更多
In the Banqiao Village of the Town of Zhaoquanying in the Shunyi District of Beijing, there is a special village formed by a few tin-plate cabins. It＇s special because it takes in only neglected children whose parent...In the Banqiao Village of the Town of Zhaoquanying in the Shunyi District of Beijing, there is a special village formed by a few tin-plate cabins. It＇s special because it takes in only neglected children whose parents are locked behind bars.展开更多
In the following exclusive interview with Rong Jiaojiao, reporter with China Features, Carol Bellamy, during her last trip to China as executive director of the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) since 1995 w...In the following exclusive interview with Rong Jiaojiao, reporter with China Features, Carol Bellamy, during her last trip to China as executive director of the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) since 1995 who was to step down on April 30, recalls her experience of ten years working as the leading advocate for children in the UN agency.展开更多
Objective To observe the outcomes of living donor liver transplantation ( LDLT) for children with biliary atresia ( BA) and to summarize clinical experiences. Methods Forty - four BA patients ( 26 boys and 18 girls) u...Objective To observe the outcomes of living donor liver transplantation ( LDLT) for children with biliary atresia ( BA) and to summarize clinical experiences. Methods Forty - four BA patients ( 26 boys and 18 girls) underwent LDLT between October 2006 and December 2010. Mean ( SD) and median ( range) age展开更多
Laws(法律)for children are good things. One hundred years ago in some countries, children worked eighteen hours a day in a factory 1 age seven. The factory owner could beat a child 2
Laws (法律)for children aregood things.One hundred yearsago in some countries, children worked eighteen hours a day in a factory 1 age seven. The factory owner could beat a child 2 fell asleep or was not fast enough. ...Laws (法律)for children aregood things.One hundred yearsago in some countries, children worked eighteen hours a day in a factory 1 age seven. The factory owner could beat a child 2 fell asleep or was not fast enough. 3 parents and teacher could do the same.展开更多
The HIV/AIDS epidemic is affectingchildren and efforts are being taken toprevent mother-to-child transmission A-Long lives by himself in a small,windowless cement-block cottage.He is 6 years old and his motherpassed a...The HIV/AIDS epidemic is affectingchildren and efforts are being taken toprevent mother-to-child transmission A-Long lives by himself in a small,windowless cement-block cottage.He is 6 years old and his motherpassed away a year ago due展开更多
This pocket book is for use by doctors, senior nurses and other senior health workers who are responsible for the care of young children at the first referral level in developing countries. It presents up-to-date clin...This pocket book is for use by doctors, senior nurses and other senior health workers who are responsible for the care of young children at the first referral level in developing countries. It presents up-to-date clinical guidelines which are based on a review of the available published evidence by subject experts, for both inpatient and outpatient care in small hospitals where basic laboratory facilities and essential drugs and inexpensive medicines are available. In some settings, these guidelines can be used in the larger health centres where a small number of sick children can be admitted for inpatient care.展开更多
On November 24, 2011, Thanksgiving Day, Lexington Shenyang Rich Gate Hotel brought delicate gifts to the children of Xiyan Primary School in Faku County, Liaoning Province. These gifts included recorders, footballs, b...On November 24, 2011, Thanksgiving Day, Lexington Shenyang Rich Gate Hotel brought delicate gifts to the children of Xiyan Primary School in Faku County, Liaoning Province. These gifts included recorders, footballs, basketballs and Christmas gourmet food made by the Lexington Hotel,展开更多
ALTHOUGH Chinese televisionworkers didn’t neglect children asan audience even in the early days oftelevision broadcasting in China,in thelate 1950’s,a lack of equipment confinedchildren’s programs to photographs an...ALTHOUGH Chinese televisionworkers didn’t neglect children asan audience even in the early days oftelevision broadcasting in China,in thelate 1950’s,a lack of equipment confinedchildren’s programs to photographs andpictures.These have become part of展开更多
The new method of intellectual development among children being investigated represents a trilogy of mind, whose main thinking operation is the logical operation of comparison. The method was created due to Aristotle...The new method of intellectual development among children being investigated represents a trilogy of mind, whose main thinking operation is the logical operation of comparison. The method was created due to Aristotle＇s understanding of philosophy as ＂the science about the first reasons and origins＂ of cognition--types of opposition which should be the beginning of the surrounding world＇s cognition at school. As they were discovered and set in a natural line of comparative notions, the main Plato＇s plan was fulfilled to reduce all particular laws to the general and to withdraw all particular laws from the general one （Plato 1993）. As a result, we are talking about the building of stepwise transmission from one general notion to another more general notion that identifies the diversity of natural and social differences. As a result, it turned out to be possible to divide the whole thinking process into three related logical parts, each of which is determined by the advantageous usage of three types of cognitive means： （1） Reasonable thinking is the thinking with the help of classification notions on the basis of relations of ＂abstract identity＂ and ＂abstract difference＂, which determine the law of noncontradiction： either A, or not A; （2） Mental concrete-general metaphysical thinking is the thinking with the help of classification, quantitative, and comparative notions on the basis of the relation of ＂corresponding＂ and variety of mathematical and physical abstractions of different complexity being studied at school; and （3） Mental concrete-general dialectical thinking is the thinking with the help of classification and comparative notions on the basis of relation of ＂opposition＂ which allows to cognize natural and social processes. In addition to the generally accepted study of reasonable and mental thinking among schoolchildren with the help of concrete sciences, the new philosophical method is an effective means of advanced development of mental thinking among children, which makes for the holistic perception of the surrounding world by schoolchildren.展开更多
The trade situation about China’s export of toy products to the EU was introduced. The recall characteristics of China’s toy products by the EU “Safety Gate” in terms of recall frequency, notified countries, taken...The trade situation about China’s export of toy products to the EU was introduced. The recall characteristics of China’s toy products by the EU “Safety Gate” in terms of recall frequency, notified countries, taken measures, and reasons for recall were analyzed in this paper, and the risk factors of human health of unqualified products in terms of chemical hazards were studied in this paper. It is found that phthalate, boron, plumbum and cadmium were the main factors. Assessment of risk for boron in toys was conducted. It is suggested to limit the boron element in Slime: the limit of migration of boron in Slime toys for 3- to 6-year-old children shall be less than 704 mg/kg, and the limitation of migration of boron in Slime toys for 7- to 12-year-old children shall be less than 1268 mg/kg.展开更多
The idea of Philosophy for Children （P4C） initiated by Matthew Lipman aims to foster critical and creative thinking in children through the pedagogy of a community of inquiry. In his formulation of P4C, Lipman empha...The idea of Philosophy for Children （P4C） initiated by Matthew Lipman aims to foster critical and creative thinking in children through the pedagogy of a community of inquiry. In his formulation of P4C, Lipman emphasizes the role of logical reasoning in thinking and assumes a mutually reinforcing relationship between critical and creative thinking. In this paper, I present an example of a real classroom dialogue which illustrates the inherent tension between logical and creative thinking, as well as the need to go beyond critical thinking. I then proceed to argue for the importance of communication in creating and sustaining a genuine community of inquiry. In conclusion, I suggest that John Dewey＇s view of communication as essentially transformative, aesthetic, educative, and moral can be made the basis for envisioning an alternative focus of P4C--namely, the ideal of artful communication, which has far-reaching implications for realizing the democratic idea of ＂community＂ in a community of inquiry.展开更多
基金financially supported by the Emil Aaltonen Foundation(No.160029)
文摘Given the rising trend in obesity in children and youth and age-related decline in moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity(MVPA)in several Western,African,and Asian-Pacific countries^1 and strong evidence that past physical activity(PA)interventions have had only a small effect on children’s and youth’s overall activity levels,~2it is important to clarify whether school-based PA interventions warrant resource allocation.Schools represent an accessible and cost-effective
文摘The claim of philosophy connection with academic education is based upon the assumption that philosophy can change students＇ critical status （such as surprising, demanding standard...） and train them with reasoning, conception forming, changing, and investigating skills. Philosophy in school, on the one hand, is a progressive discussion about our future educational system so that it can provide safe training about how philosophy can be performed and mixed in school classes and auditoriums. Therefore, philosophy for children explains that how each teacher in each subject is able to accept a model of philosophical search and adapt it to the class situation. Philosophy is much better understood if considered as a public activity and a conversation according to what Socrates did, than just considered as an education subject which should be inserted in child＇s memory. On the other hand, philosophical opening, questioning, and surprising toward the word--the characteristics which are undeniable, admirable, and comprehensive----can be remained superficial and even bare. Unless, it founts from Socrates＇ dialectic insight： ＂I know that I don＇t know.＂ Philosophy for children is a program which involves them in every class discussion in the field of philosophical subjects. The aim of this program is the improvement of children though via introducing them numerous ＂Big Question＂ and enables them in considering these questions. Using this program, teachers encourage children to think more deeply on ideas about their schoolwork. This strategy mainly takes place in project community of classes. Children will deeply concentrate on their thoughts and skill and then improve them while considering and reinforcing their own and others＇ ideas in response to philosophical puzzles. This article aims to reply the following questions： What is philosophy for children？ What aims does it follow？ What is its content？ What skills does it consider？ How does it compose with the current educational programming？ What strategies does this curriculum follow？
文摘She clambers up a rock, reaches both hands onto comers of the shabby cement wall and heaves herself up, being careful not to catch her school bag on the protruding bricks. She straddles the top and then jumps gingerly down onto the pebbled ground beside the railway line.
文摘In the Banqiao Village of the Town of Zhaoquanying in the Shunyi District of Beijing, there is a special village formed by a few tin-plate cabins. It＇s special because it takes in only neglected children whose parents are locked behind bars.
文摘In the following exclusive interview with Rong Jiaojiao, reporter with China Features, Carol Bellamy, during her last trip to China as executive director of the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) since 1995 who was to step down on April 30, recalls her experience of ten years working as the leading advocate for children in the UN agency.
文摘Objective To observe the outcomes of living donor liver transplantation ( LDLT) for children with biliary atresia ( BA) and to summarize clinical experiences. Methods Forty - four BA patients ( 26 boys and 18 girls) underwent LDLT between October 2006 and December 2010. Mean ( SD) and median ( range) age
文摘Laws(法律)for children are good things. One hundred years ago in some countries, children worked eighteen hours a day in a factory 1 age seven. The factory owner could beat a child 2
文摘Laws (法律)for children aregood things.One hundred yearsago in some countries, children worked eighteen hours a day in a factory 1 age seven. The factory owner could beat a child 2 fell asleep or was not fast enough. 3 parents and teacher could do the same.
文摘The HIV/AIDS epidemic is affectingchildren and efforts are being taken toprevent mother-to-child transmission A-Long lives by himself in a small,windowless cement-block cottage.He is 6 years old and his motherpassed away a year ago due
文摘This pocket book is for use by doctors, senior nurses and other senior health workers who are responsible for the care of young children at the first referral level in developing countries. It presents up-to-date clinical guidelines which are based on a review of the available published evidence by subject experts, for both inpatient and outpatient care in small hospitals where basic laboratory facilities and essential drugs and inexpensive medicines are available. In some settings, these guidelines can be used in the larger health centres where a small number of sick children can be admitted for inpatient care.
文摘On November 24, 2011, Thanksgiving Day, Lexington Shenyang Rich Gate Hotel brought delicate gifts to the children of Xiyan Primary School in Faku County, Liaoning Province. These gifts included recorders, footballs, basketballs and Christmas gourmet food made by the Lexington Hotel,
文摘ALTHOUGH Chinese televisionworkers didn’t neglect children asan audience even in the early days oftelevision broadcasting in China,in thelate 1950’s,a lack of equipment confinedchildren’s programs to photographs andpictures.These have become part of
文摘The new method of intellectual development among children being investigated represents a trilogy of mind, whose main thinking operation is the logical operation of comparison. The method was created due to Aristotle＇s understanding of philosophy as ＂the science about the first reasons and origins＂ of cognition--types of opposition which should be the beginning of the surrounding world＇s cognition at school. As they were discovered and set in a natural line of comparative notions, the main Plato＇s plan was fulfilled to reduce all particular laws to the general and to withdraw all particular laws from the general one （Plato 1993）. As a result, we are talking about the building of stepwise transmission from one general notion to another more general notion that identifies the diversity of natural and social differences. As a result, it turned out to be possible to divide the whole thinking process into three related logical parts, each of which is determined by the advantageous usage of three types of cognitive means： （1） Reasonable thinking is the thinking with the help of classification notions on the basis of relations of ＂abstract identity＂ and ＂abstract difference＂, which determine the law of noncontradiction： either A, or not A; （2） Mental concrete-general metaphysical thinking is the thinking with the help of classification, quantitative, and comparative notions on the basis of the relation of ＂corresponding＂ and variety of mathematical and physical abstractions of different complexity being studied at school; and （3） Mental concrete-general dialectical thinking is the thinking with the help of classification and comparative notions on the basis of relation of ＂opposition＂ which allows to cognize natural and social processes. In addition to the generally accepted study of reasonable and mental thinking among schoolchildren with the help of concrete sciences, the new philosophical method is an effective means of advanced development of mental thinking among children, which makes for the holistic perception of the surrounding world by schoolchildren.
文摘The trade situation about China’s export of toy products to the EU was introduced. The recall characteristics of China’s toy products by the EU “Safety Gate” in terms of recall frequency, notified countries, taken measures, and reasons for recall were analyzed in this paper, and the risk factors of human health of unqualified products in terms of chemical hazards were studied in this paper. It is found that phthalate, boron, plumbum and cadmium were the main factors. Assessment of risk for boron in toys was conducted. It is suggested to limit the boron element in Slime: the limit of migration of boron in Slime toys for 3- to 6-year-old children shall be less than 704 mg/kg, and the limitation of migration of boron in Slime toys for 7- to 12-year-old children shall be less than 1268 mg/kg.
文摘The idea of Philosophy for Children （P4C） initiated by Matthew Lipman aims to foster critical and creative thinking in children through the pedagogy of a community of inquiry. In his formulation of P4C, Lipman emphasizes the role of logical reasoning in thinking and assumes a mutually reinforcing relationship between critical and creative thinking. In this paper, I present an example of a real classroom dialogue which illustrates the inherent tension between logical and creative thinking, as well as the need to go beyond critical thinking. I then proceed to argue for the importance of communication in creating and sustaining a genuine community of inquiry. In conclusion, I suggest that John Dewey＇s view of communication as essentially transformative, aesthetic, educative, and moral can be made the basis for envisioning an alternative focus of P4C--namely, the ideal of artful communication, which has far-reaching implications for realizing the democratic idea of ＂community＂ in a community of inquiry.
