Maximum two-dimensional (u×v,4,1,3)-OOCs

Let Ф（u ×v, k, Aa, Ac） be the largest possible number of codewords among all two- dimensional （u ×v, k, λa, λc） optical orthogonal codes. A 2-D （u× v, k, λa, λ）-OOC with Ф（u× v, k, λa, λc） codewords is said to be maximum. In this paper, the number of codewords of a maximum 2-D （u × v, 4, 1, 3）-OOC has been determined.

Multiple bit upsets mitigation in memory by using improved hamming codes and parity codes

This paper combines improved Hamming codes and parity codes to assure the reliability of memory in presence of multiple bit upsets with low cost overhead.The redundancy bits of improved Hamming codes will be appended at the end of data bits,which eliminates the overhead of interspersing the redundancy bits at the encoder and decoder.The reliability of memory is further enhanced by the layout architecture of redundancy bits and data bits.The proposed scheme has been implemented in Verilog and synthesized using the Synopsys tools.The results reveal that the proposed method has about 19% less area penalties and 13% less power consumption comparing with the current two-dimensional error codes,and its latency of encoder and decoder is 63% less than that of Hamming codes.

Emergence of Plastidial Intergenic Spacers as Suitable DNA Barcodes for Arid Medicinal Plant <i>Rhazya stricta</i>

The desert plant Rhazya stricta has anticancer and antimicrobial properties, and is widely used in indigenous medicines of Saudi Arabia. However, the therapeutic benefits rely on an accurate identification of this species. The authenticity of R. stricta and other medicinal plants and herbs procured from local markets can be questionable due to a lack of clear phenotypic traits. DNA barcoding is an emerging technology for rapid and accurate species identification. In this study, six candidate chloroplastid barcodes were investigated for the authentication of R. stricta. We compared the DNA sequences from fifty locally collected and five market samples of R. stricta with database sequences of R. stricta and seven closely related species. We found that the coding regions matK, rbcL, rpoB, and rpoC1 were highly similar among the taxa. By contrast, the intergenic spacers psbK-psbI and atpF-atpH were variable loci distinct for the medicinal plant R. stricta. psbK-psbI clearly discriminated R. stricta samples as an efficient single locus marker, whereas a two-locus marker combination comprising psbK-psbI + atpF-atpH was also promising according to results from the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool and a maximum likelihood gene tree generated using PHyML. Two-dimensional DNA barcodes (i.e., QR codes) for the psbK-psbI and psbK-psbI + atpF-atpH regions were created for the validation of fresh or dried R. stricta samples.

Research on Recognition Technology of 2-Dimensional Barcode

This paper briefly introduces the characteristics and structure of symbol QR two-dimensional code, a detailed analysis of the image processing method to identify QR code of the whole process, and the bilinear mapping method is applied to image correction, the final steps of decoding are given. The actual test results show that, the design algorithm has theoretical and practical, this recognition system can correctly read QR code, and has high recognition rate and recognition speed, has practical value and application prospect.

改进细菌觅食算法求解车间作业调度问题

针对细菌觅食算法(BFOA)求解高维优化问题时容易陷入局部最优和早熟的问题,引入自适应步长及差分进化算子,并将改进算法用于车间作业调度问题(JSP)中。求解时,设计了一种编码转换方案,从而无须修改BFOA运算规则即可实现对JSP的寻优;同时,采用空闲时间片段优化策略降低了调度问题的复杂性。仿真实验表明,该算法能够跳出局部最优,避免了早熟的问题,调度结果优于原始细菌觅食算法和离散粒子群算法。

基于自适应细菌觅食算法的集装箱装载

针对集装箱装载问题复杂度高以及改进现有方法难度大等问题,采用一种基于自适应细菌觅食算法,求其最优解。根据货品堆置方向和三空间分割装载策略,使用基于顺序表示的遗传基因编码方式,将装箱过程中三维"切割与组合"问题转化为适应度函数的可行性解,改进标准细菌觅食算法中的趋化操作,引入基于余弦的自适应步长计算方法。仿真结果表明,该算法具有收敛速度快、空间利用率高等特点,为集装箱装载问题提供了一种思路和方法。

牧草表观遗传学研究进展

表观遗传是指在DNA序列不变的情况下基因表达发生变化的现象。表观遗传现象与外界环境条件的变化紧密相关,它参与植物的生长发育、胁迫响应、衰老死亡等重要生命过程并在其中起到了关键作用。表观遗传学作为一门新兴学科在近20年间得到了快速发展,成为当前动植物和医学领域的研究热点。目前植物表观遗传学的相关研究主要集中在DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰、RNA甲基化、染色质重塑和非编码RNA修饰等方面,并取得了许多重要成果。然而,相对于模式植物拟南芥和其他主要作物而言,牧草的表观遗传学研究仍处于起步阶段。因此,开展牧草表观遗传学研究对我国草牧业的可持续发展具有重要意义。本研究对表观遗传学的概念、研究方法、研究内容(包括DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰、RNA甲基化、染色质重塑和非编码RNA修饰等)及牧草表观遗传学相关研究进行了全面总结和综述,并对表观遗传在草牧业中的发展前景进行了展望。

一种基于细菌趋药行为的量子算法

菌群觅食优化算法具有算法简单、鲁棒性强和具备全局搜索能力的特点。但该算法收敛速度慢,对于多峰函数容易陷入局部最优。为提高菌群优化算法的搜索能力,避免其陷入早熟收敛,提出一种量子菌群算法,将二进制编码的量子进化算法融合到菌群算法中,用量子染色体表示细菌,用量子旋转门实现细菌状态更新。通过标准测试函数对其优化性能进行研究,实验结果表明,该算法无论是对于普通函数还是多峰函数,在收敛速度、收敛稳定性和寻找全局最优方面均优于菌群算法和量子遗传算法。

最佳觅食算法求解多目标混合流水车间调度问题

针对生产车间中需要同时考虑减少生产时间、确保加工质量以及通过减少能耗而降低生产费用的需求,建立以完工时间、空闲时间、加工质量和机器能耗为目标的多目标混合流水车间调度模型,提出一种基于直觉模糊集相似度的最佳觅食算法.为有效求解此问题,提出基于Largest Order Value规则的双层整数编码方式,在机器层编码部分采用权重法来计算机器的选择概率.针对多目标优化,提出直觉模糊集相似度的解比较策略,采用直觉模糊集相似度的大小衡量Pareto解与理想解的相似程度,判断Pareto解的优劣.通过测试实例和实际案例,验证本算法求解多目标混合流水车间调度问题的有效性和可行性.

草料二维码辅助健康教育在食管癌根治术后患者中的应用效果

目的探讨草料二维码在食管癌根治术后患者健康教育中的应用效果。方法将80例食管癌根治术后患者随机分成对照组和观察组各40例。对照组采用传统健康教育模式,观察组在对照组基础上采用草料二维码进行护理干预。比较2组患者术后的首次下床活动时间、首次床上主动运动时间、查阅健康教育资料次数、疾病知识知晓情况及重复咨询情况。结果观察组患者对疾病知识知晓各维度得分、各维度的重复咨询比例均优于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者术后首次下床活动时间为(3.15±1.61)d,对照组为(5.38±5.67)d,2组差异有统计学意义(t=2.390,P=0.019);观察组患者查阅健康教育资料次数为(11.15±1.63)次,对照组为(8.20±1.94)次,2组差异有统计学意义(t=-7.376,P<0.001)。结论草料二维码辅助健康教育可提高食管癌根治术后患者疾病知识知晓程度,加快其术后恢复。

Very Low Bit-Rate Video Coding by Combining H.264/AVC Standard and 2-D Discrete Wavelet Transform

In this paper, we propose a new method for very low bit-rate video coding that combines H.264/AVC standard and two-dimensional discrete wavelet transform. In this method, first a two dimensional wavelet transform is applied on each video frame independently to extract the low frequency components for each frame and then the low frequency parts of all frames are coded using H.264/AVC codec. On the other hand, the high frequency parts of the video frames are coded by Run Length Coding algorithm, after applying a threshold to neglect the low value coefficients. Experiments show that our proposed method can achieve better rate-distortion performance at very low bit-rate applications below 16 kbits/s compared to applying H.264/AVC standard directly to all frames. Applications of our proposed video coding technique include video telephony, video-conferencing, transmitting or receiving video over half-rate traffic channels of GSM networks.

A framework to express variant and invariant functional spaces for binary logic

A new framework has been developed to express variant and invariant properties of functions operating on a binary vector space.This framework allows for manipulation of dynamic logic using basic operations and permutations.Novel representations of binary functional spaces are presented.Current ideas of binary functional spaces are extended and additional conditions are added to describe new function representation schemes:F code and C code.Sizes of the proposed functional space representation schemes were determined.It was found that the complete representation for any set of functions operating on a binary sequence of numbers is larger than previously thought.The complete representation can only be described using a structure having a space of size 2^(2n)×2^(n)!for any given space of functions acting on a binary sequence of length n.The framework,along with the proposed coding schemes provides a foundational theory of variant and invariant logic in software and electricelectronic technology and engineering,and has uses in the analysis of the stability of rule-based,dynamic binary systems such as cellular automata.