Hydroelectric facilities impact water temperature; low velocities in a reservoir increase residence time and enhance heat exchange in surface layers. In this study, an unsteady three-dimensional model was developed to...Hydroelectric facilities impact water temperature; low velocities in a reservoir increase residence time and enhance heat exchange in surface layers. In this study, an unsteady three-dimensional model was developed to predict the temperatm＇e dynamics in the McNary Dam forebay. The model is based on the open-source code OpenFOAM. RANS equations with the Boussinesq approximation were used to solve the flow field. A： realizable k-ε model that accounts for the production of wind turbulence was developed. Solar radiation and convective heat transfer at the free surface were included. The result of the model was compared with the field data collected on August 18, 2004. Changes in diurnal stratification were adequately predicted by the model. Observed vertical and lateral temperature distributions were accurately captured. Results indicate that the model can be used as a numerical tool to assess structural and operational alternatives to reduce the forebay temperature.展开更多
基金supported by Hydro Research Foundation (Grant No. DE-EE0002668)
文摘Hydroelectric facilities impact water temperature; low velocities in a reservoir increase residence time and enhance heat exchange in surface layers. In this study, an unsteady three-dimensional model was developed to predict the temperatm＇e dynamics in the McNary Dam forebay. The model is based on the open-source code OpenFOAM. RANS equations with the Boussinesq approximation were used to solve the flow field. A： realizable k-ε model that accounts for the production of wind turbulence was developed. Solar radiation and convective heat transfer at the free surface were included. The result of the model was compared with the field data collected on August 18, 2004. Changes in diurnal stratification were adequately predicted by the model. Observed vertical and lateral temperature distributions were accurately captured. Results indicate that the model can be used as a numerical tool to assess structural and operational alternatives to reduce the forebay temperature.
文摘泵站前池中存在复杂的水沙两相流结构,开机组合方式对水流流态与悬移质泥沙运动规律的影响尚不明确。针对该问题,该研究采用Mixture多相流理论和Realizable k-ε紊流模型,模拟不同开机组合条件下的泵站前池水沙运动,分析前池内各个漩涡流区域特征及其形成机理,预测泥沙淤积范围,同时利用多普勒流速剖面仪(acoustic doppler current profilers)等仪器对前池内流速与泥沙淤积进行测量,验证数值模拟结果。在此基础上,分析了典型正向前池泵站5组不同开机组合下的两相流流态,结果表明:前池内漩涡区域致使悬移质泥沙向正向前池边壁区域运移,漩涡流速下沉加速悬移质泥沙沉降;已经形成的泥沙淤积体对泵口流态影响存在明显空间异质性,中间区域水泵受影响程度低于两侧水泵,开机组合工况优化大幅减小了水流偏流角度(比原工况减少了3.35°),提高了前池流速均匀度(提高了了5.84个百分点),降低了前池内泥沙含量(减少了58.60%)。研究成果可为抑制漩涡区域与泥沙淤积对正向泵站前池的危害和泵站优化运行提供理论支撑。
