Foreground detection is a fundamental step in visual surveillance.However,accurate foreground detection is still a challenging task especially in dynamic backgrounds.In this paper,we present a nonparametric approach t...Foreground detection is a fundamental step in visual surveillance.However,accurate foreground detection is still a challenging task especially in dynamic backgrounds.In this paper,we present a nonparametric approach to foreground detection in dynamic backgrounds.It uses a history of recently pixel values to estimate background model.Besides,the adaptive threshold and spatial coherence are introduced to enhance robustness against false detections.Experimental results indicate that our approach achieves better performance in dynamic backgrounds compared with several approaches.展开更多
The theory of foregrounding is a theory of crucial and critical importance in Stylistics.In stylistic analysis,foregrounding refers to the work with literary and artistic importance,especially the deviation of languag...The theory of foregrounding is a theory of crucial and critical importance in Stylistics.In stylistic analysis,foregrounding refers to the work with literary and artistic importance,especially the deviation of language,prominent in the background which belongs to the normal conventions of language.Charles Dickens is one of the greatest and critical realist writers of the Victorian Age in British.In his representative work Oliver Twist,by the bitter exposure of the terrible conditions in the English workhouse of the time and the cruel treatment of a poor orphan by all sorts of philanthropist,the author criticizes harshly the dark and criminal underworld life and succeeds in calling forth the reader's sympathy for the down-trodden people of the lower classes,especially the children.Through his master skill of the use of foregrounding,Dickens constructs various kinds of background introductions where is full of suspense and symbol,and it seems that all the backgrounds are inseparably closed to the fate of the protagonist,leaving a clue for the reader to pick out the main idea of the total work.This thesis firstly reviews the theory of foregrounding and then analyses the foregrounding using in the background introductions in Oliver Twist,presenting a holistic overview the aim of the author and what he aims at expressing through the intended background description.展开更多
Objective: Most of the western music consists of a melody and an accompaniment. The melody is referred to as the foreground, with the accompaniment the background. In visual processing, the lateral occipital complex (...Objective: Most of the western music consists of a melody and an accompaniment. The melody is referred to as the foreground, with the accompaniment the background. In visual processing, the lateral occipital complex (LOC) is known to participate in foreground and background segregation. We investigated the role of LOC in music processing with use of positron emission tomography (PET). Method: Musically na?ve subjects listened to unfamiliar novel melodies with (accompaniment condition) and without the accompaniment (melodic condition). Using a PET subtraction technique, we studied changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) during the accompaniment condition compared to the melodic condition. Results: The accompanyment condition was associated with bilateral increase of rCBF at the lateral and medial surfaces of both occipital lobes, medial parts of fusiform gyri, cingulate gyri, precentral gyri, insular cortices, and cerebellum. During the melodic condition, the activation at the anterior and posterior portions of the temporal lobes, medial surface of the frontal lobes, inferior frontal gyri, orbitofrontal cortices, inferior parietal lobules, and cerebellum was observed. Conclusions: The LOC participates in recognition of melody with accompaniment, a phenomenon that can be regarded as foreground and background segregation in auditory processing. The fusiform cortex which was known to participate in the color recognition might be activated by the recognition of flourish sounds by the accompaniment, compared to melodic condition. It is supposed that the LOC and fusiform cortex play similar functions beyond the difference of sensory modalities.展开更多
Foreground-background and transitivity are very important in discourse linguistics,the features of which vary from types of discourse.Chinese shiwu expository discourse has its own semantic features about foreground-b...Foreground-background and transitivity are very important in discourse linguistics,the features of which vary from types of discourse.Chinese shiwu expository discourse has its own semantic features about foreground-background;and this type of discourse is characterized by low transitivity,especially in foreground.展开更多
基金supported by Fund of National Science & Technology monumental projects under Grants No.61105015,NO.61401239,NO.2012-364-641-209
文摘Foreground detection is a fundamental step in visual surveillance.However,accurate foreground detection is still a challenging task especially in dynamic backgrounds.In this paper,we present a nonparametric approach to foreground detection in dynamic backgrounds.It uses a history of recently pixel values to estimate background model.Besides,the adaptive threshold and spatial coherence are introduced to enhance robustness against false detections.Experimental results indicate that our approach achieves better performance in dynamic backgrounds compared with several approaches.
文摘The theory of foregrounding is a theory of crucial and critical importance in Stylistics.In stylistic analysis,foregrounding refers to the work with literary and artistic importance,especially the deviation of language,prominent in the background which belongs to the normal conventions of language.Charles Dickens is one of the greatest and critical realist writers of the Victorian Age in British.In his representative work Oliver Twist,by the bitter exposure of the terrible conditions in the English workhouse of the time and the cruel treatment of a poor orphan by all sorts of philanthropist,the author criticizes harshly the dark and criminal underworld life and succeeds in calling forth the reader's sympathy for the down-trodden people of the lower classes,especially the children.Through his master skill of the use of foregrounding,Dickens constructs various kinds of background introductions where is full of suspense and symbol,and it seems that all the backgrounds are inseparably closed to the fate of the protagonist,leaving a clue for the reader to pick out the main idea of the total work.This thesis firstly reviews the theory of foregrounding and then analyses the foregrounding using in the background introductions in Oliver Twist,presenting a holistic overview the aim of the author and what he aims at expressing through the intended background description.
文摘Objective: Most of the western music consists of a melody and an accompaniment. The melody is referred to as the foreground, with the accompaniment the background. In visual processing, the lateral occipital complex (LOC) is known to participate in foreground and background segregation. We investigated the role of LOC in music processing with use of positron emission tomography (PET). Method: Musically na?ve subjects listened to unfamiliar novel melodies with (accompaniment condition) and without the accompaniment (melodic condition). Using a PET subtraction technique, we studied changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) during the accompaniment condition compared to the melodic condition. Results: The accompanyment condition was associated with bilateral increase of rCBF at the lateral and medial surfaces of both occipital lobes, medial parts of fusiform gyri, cingulate gyri, precentral gyri, insular cortices, and cerebellum. During the melodic condition, the activation at the anterior and posterior portions of the temporal lobes, medial surface of the frontal lobes, inferior frontal gyri, orbitofrontal cortices, inferior parietal lobules, and cerebellum was observed. Conclusions: The LOC participates in recognition of melody with accompaniment, a phenomenon that can be regarded as foreground and background segregation in auditory processing. The fusiform cortex which was known to participate in the color recognition might be activated by the recognition of flourish sounds by the accompaniment, compared to melodic condition. It is supposed that the LOC and fusiform cortex play similar functions beyond the difference of sensory modalities.
文摘Foreground-background and transitivity are very important in discourse linguistics,the features of which vary from types of discourse.Chinese shiwu expository discourse has its own semantic features about foreground-background;and this type of discourse is characterized by low transitivity,especially in foreground.
