Risk Assessment and Service Benefit Evaluation of Forestry Meteorological Disasters in Guangxi

In order to strengthen the construction of forestry meteorological service capacity and improve the quality of forestry meteorological services,the national forestry meteorological disaster risk survey and service benefit assessment were carried out from November 2016 to May2017. A total of 196 risk sites in Guangxi were collected by means of questionnaire survey,expert evaluation and field survey. The results showed that fire,pest and wind hazards are the main types of risk points in Guangxi. The survey showed that there were 77 monitoring stations around the disaster risk sites belonging to the Forestry Sector,which mainly monitor fire hazards,while other disasters had no monitoring point yet. Early warning facilities were still constantly improving. The meteorological disasters that affecting forestry production were drought,gale,and heavy rainfall,and the main meteorological hazard factors were temperature,wind speed,and precipitation. Forest fire prevention,forestry resources development and utilization,forestation and tending demand for meteorological services were relatively large. It was hoped that forestry meteorological service products would be obtained through telephone,SMS and early warning systems. In addition,experts objectivly evaluated the contribution rate of meteorological services in Guangxi. The contribution rate of forest meteorological services in the whole region was8. 41%. The scale of Guangxi's total forestry output value was 31. 478 billion yuan in 2016. According to the calculation of this value,the service benefit value had reached 2. 647 billion yuan. In conclusion,strengthening the cooperation in forestry meteorological monitoring,technology development,and emergency response,and further improving forestry meteorological services and effective reducing forestry disaster losses are the top priorities of the meteorological department.

Construction of Innovative Rural Sci-tech Service System in China

At the background of structural regulation of agriculture and industrialized development of rural areas,systematic thought and constructive recommendations are put forward on building innovative rural sci-tech service system in China from following 5 aspects. (1) In organizational system,rural sci-tech service associations should become nonprofit organizations that have independent legal entities. (2) In service object,it should take farmers as subject,new rural economic organizations as carrier,agricultural leading enterprises as handle,little village officials as joint,sci-tech special commissioner as link,and agricultural brokers as medium. (3) In information resources,it should enhance practicality construction and sharing. (4) In service methods and reform measures,it should combine information technology,expert technical consulting service,and sci-tech model base. (5) In policy support and input mechanism,it should follow the principle of diversification,set up government special funds,and formulate preferential policies to attract sci-tech talents to join in rural sci-tech services,and protect legal rights and interests of sci-tech personnel in rural sci-tech services.

Practice and Exploration of Rural Sci-tech Service Supermarket:A Case Study of Jurong Economic Forest and Fruit Industrial Branch

The rural sci-tech supermarket in Jiangsu Province is an innovative model of rural sci-tech service. With reference to the concept of modern commodity supermarket, this model integrates variety, technology and achievement information into the sci-tech supermarket platform, provides various agricultural sci-tech services, and improves farmers recognition and acceptance of science and technology, so as to accelerate conversion of scientific and technological achievements and demonstration and popularization of new varieties, new technologies and new models. This paper analyzes practice of Jurong economic forest and fruit industrial branch and presents recommendations for building Jiangsu rural sci-tech service supermarket.

Several Theoretical Issues on Agricultural Sci-tech Service and Management

In view of particularity and complexity of agricultural sci-tech service and management,this paper presents definition of basic concept of agricultural sci-tech service and management,sums up its basic characteristics,and discusses and analyzes its structural elements and functions. The agricultural sci-tech service and management plays an important role in speeding up rural construction and narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas. It ensures benign cycle of scientific and technological achievements and regional environment,and promotes development of agricultural industrialization.

Study on Construction of Forestry Socialized Service Systems Based on Barnard's Organizational Structure Theory

Construction of forestry socialized service systems is the important content for reform of collective forestry tenure systems.Based on the necessity,possibility and problem of construction of forestry socialized service system,according to Barnard's Organizational Structure theory,the path and countermeasure of forestry socialized service system in China are discussed.

采用WEB Service实现林业信息系统集成应用初探

WEB Service是基于Internet应用的新技术,可以基于WEB Service实现基于面向服务的体系架构。该文简单介绍了Web Service、XML,并通过一个实例来阐述采用基于WEB Service架构在林业信息系统集成的应用前景。

Relationship between Urban Floristic Diversity and Ecosystem Services in the Moukonzi-Ngouaka Neighbourhood in Brazzaville, Congo

The relationship between ecosystem services and urban phytodiversity is being studied in the Moukonzi-Ngouaka district of Brazzaville. Urban forestry, a source of well-being for the inhabitants, is associated with socio-cultural foundations. The surveys concern flora, ethnobotany, socio-economics and personal interviews. The 60.30% naturalized flora is heterogeneous and closely correlated with traditional knowledge. The Guineo-Congolese endemic element groups are 39.27% of the taxa, of which 3.27% are native to Brazzaville. Ethnobotany recognizes 48.36% ornamental taxa;28.36% food taxa;and 35.27% medicinal taxa. Some multiple-use plants are involved in more than one field. The supply service, a food and phytotherapeutic source, provides the vegetative and generative organs. Of the 52.31% of recognized taxa, 33.45% essentially provide leaves and 18.50% fruits. The main obsession of plant introduction being 1) food and phytotherapeutic, and 2) aesthetic, obscures other ecosystem services such as fuelwood and income, provided by NTFPs, pillars of poverty alleviation.

乡村振兴背景下农林高职院校大学生志愿服务实践育人的优化路径研究

乡村振兴,人才是关键。农林高职院校肩负着为现代农业发展培养复合型高素质技术技能人才的重要职责。志愿服务作为高校实践育人的重要载体,在培养学生服务三农的责任感和使命感上具有重要的作用。本文以江苏农林职业技术学院“新禾助农服务团”为例,分析高校志愿服务实践育人的现状,探索符合农林高职院校大学生志愿服务的实践育人新模式及相关优化路径。

乡村振兴战略下厚植农林专业大学生“三农”情怀和服务“三农”思想的途径研究

随着中国农业现代化的快速发展,培养具备“三农”情怀和服务“三农”思想意识的农林专业人才显得尤为重要。该文旨在探讨厚植农林专业大学生“三农”情怀和服务“三农”思想意识的重要性,分析当前高校农林专业大学生“三农”情怀和服务“三农”意识淡薄的原因,以及大学生“三农”情怀的研究现状,并通过理论分析和实践探讨,提出高校在促进农林专业大学生“三农”情怀和服务“三农”思想意识培养的措施和途径,这些措施和途径有助于提升农林专业人才的培养质量,为我国农业现代化和乡村振兴战略的实施提供人才支持。

珠三角彩叶林美学文化与功能评价指标体系构建

针对珠三角城市群中广州、深圳、佛山等地及周边地区常见的彩叶树种美学文化功能评价中的关键问题,在文献梳理和理论实践的基础上,运用专家评估法和层次分析原理建立综合指标法,构建包括3个准则层(B1~3)、9个次准则层(C1~9)和27个指标层(D1~27)的评价指标体系,以期有效地评价珠三角彩叶林的美学与文化功能,明确森林城市群生态系统文化服务保护与开发的重点,提升彩色林相营建技术与美丽湾区建设的匹配性与实用性,拓展城市林业和人居环境学科理论的内涵与应用。

农林高校图书馆知识产权综合服务能力提升研究

农业知识产权保护是知识产权保护的一部分,相比其他行业有其特殊性和规律性。文章研究表明,全国农林院校图书馆知识产权信息服务、知识传播和保护研究完善综合功能建设方面研究尚处于起步阶段。高校是科技创新的原发地,聚集了大量的科技人力资源、科研设备资源及科技信息源等,是国家科技创新的核心基地,同样农林高校是国家实现农业现代化服务“三农”最重要的力量源泉。因此,如何发挥出高校特别是农林高校广大科技人员创新积极性是十分必要的,提升农林高校图书馆的知识产权服务综合能力不可或缺。

广东省林业数据资源综合管理与信息服务能力提升研究

通过解析广东省林业资源数据组成特点和管理功能的需求,确定了广东省林业数据资源综合管理与信息服务系统的建设内容,设计了系统总体架构,并对全省林业资源数据的建库,数据管理、数据分发与共享,数据二维及三维展示等关键技术开展研究,整合了广东省林业资源数据,构建了综合数据资源池,极大地提升了全省林业信息资源的利用效率、数据资源管理与信息服务能力。

林业机械化发展存在的问题与对策分析

林业是关系到社会经济发展和生态系统平衡的重要产业,要想提高区域林业发展水平,提升林业生产效率,还应加强林业机械化建设,为林业现代化发展建设提供有力支撑。目前林业机械化发展中还存在发展不平衡、行业管理混乱和创新动力不足等问题,与国际先进机械技术水平相比存在明显差距。林业机械化程度是影响现代林业发展的重要因素,需要正确认识林业机械化建设的重要性与必要性,主要对林业机械化发展存在的问题与对策进行了分析,以期为进一步提高林业机械化水平提供参考。

基于智慧林业巡检管理服务平台的林业信息化管理变革与创新

在大数据与物联网技术快速发展的背景下,林业产业的管理也在不断创新,有效提升了林业产业的管理效益。基于大数据、物联网等技术,以“智能+手机app”的巡检管理方式为模式,构建了智慧林业的巡检管理服务平台,借助甘肃白龙江林业的发展情况,形成灾害预测报告,以供相关人员与单位参考和借鉴。

A Geographic Information Systems approach for classifying and mapping forest management category in Baihe Forestry Bureau, Northeast China

这篇论文表明一个地理信息在 Baihe 林地 Burea 分类并且印射森林管理范畴的系统(GIS ) 过程，吉林省，中国。在学习区域以内， Baihe 林地局土地被分类进一个二层次的系统。Thetop 水平班包括了非森林和森林。超过 96% 陆地区域是在学习区域的森林，它进一步被划分成关键生态的服务森林(KES ) ，一般生态的服务森林(GES ) ，和商品森林(COM ) 。COM 盖住 45.0% 全部的陆地区域并且是管理在拜黑·福雷斯特局打的主要森林。KES 和 GES 分别地说明了 21.2% 全部的陆地区域和 29.9% 。在这研究与 GIS 一起设计的森林管理地区当时与用手建立的地区由本地机构拉的森林管理相比。二个产品之间有明显的差别。它建议差别有一些对数据来源，基本单位和印射的过程做。它也建议 GISmethod 是在为分类并且印射森林地区满足分类森林管理系统的需要集成森林库存数据和另外的数据的一个有用工具。

林业社会化服务对农户家庭收入差距的影响

【目的】缩小农户家庭之间的收入差距是实现乡村共同富裕的重要环节。量化分析林业社会化服务对农户家庭收入差距的影响及其作用机制,为新时代新征程健全林业社会化服务体系助力实现乡村共同富裕的规划和政策提供决策参考。【方法】基于分工与专业化效应、优化家庭劳动力配置与促进林地流转经营的理论,构建林业社会化服务对农户家庭收入差距影响的分析框架,利用福建、江西、浙江、湖南、四川和广西6个省(区)的2413份农户调查数据,运用无条件分位数回归模型检验林业社会化服务对农户家庭收入差距的影响,并分析不同林业社会化服务采纳程度下的影响差异及其分解效应。【结果】1)林业社会化服务对农户家庭收入水平具有显著增收效应,且对低收入农户家庭的增收效应更大,有利于缩小农户家庭收入差距。2)林业社会化服务对不同收入水平农户家庭收入的边际贡献存在显著差异。其中,林业社会化服务可使基尼系数显著减小,总体呈现分位点越低边际贡献越大的变化趋势,林业社会化服务有助于缩小农村家庭收入差距。3)系数效应主导了农村家庭收入差距的扩大。其中,户主是否为村干部、林业收入占比、林地细碎化程度、村距县城距离、地形是影响Q10~Q90分位点上系数效应的主要因素。4)林业社会化服务采纳程度均值为0.354,林业社会化服务对低采纳水平组农户家庭总体具有较好的增收效应,农户家庭收入差距主要由特征效应主导。【结论】要高度重视和充分发挥林业社会化服务缩小农户家庭收入差距的积极作用,不断完善面向低收入农户家庭的林业社会化服务供需支持政策,采取针对性的激励政策,激发与鼓励农户积极采纳林业社会化服务,推动形成“以需促供、以供带需”的良性循环格局。

劳动力成本上升对商品林种植结构的影响——基于林业社会化服务的调节效应分析

基于浙江、福建、广西三省547户农户的调研数据,采用Tobit模型实证分析劳动力成本上升对商品林种植结构的影响,并利用调节效应模型检验林业社会化服务在其中的作用机制。结果表明:劳动力成本上升能够促进农户提高用材林种植比例,但该影响路径会受到林业社会化服务供需缺口的负向调节,现阶段供不应求的林业社会化服务削弱了劳动力成本对用材林种植比例的正向影响,在进行一系列稳健性检验后该结论依然成立;林业社会化服务供需缺口的调节效应存在异质性,对兼业化程度较低的农户和小规模农户的调节效应更强。基于此,建议科学规划商品林种植结构,优化林地资源配置;弥合林业社会化服务供需缺口,缓解农户调整种植结构的潜在约束;培育新型林业经营主体,创新林业经营模式。

碳中和战略下林业碳汇引入生态修复司法之效能探究

2022年以来,部分法院接力推动林业碳汇引入生态修复司法的进程,并最终得到司法解释的认可,形成了林业碳汇替代性赔偿方案。林业碳汇交易系实现碳达峰、碳中和的重要路径,生态环境司法也提出要服务碳达峰、碳中和的实现。在此背景下,分析该方案的实践样态,探查林业碳汇引入生态修复司法的现实需求、原有制度的缺陷以及引入基础,揭示林业碳汇替代性赔偿方案的潜在效能,特别是其对碳达峰、碳中和战略的重要意义,从而尝试给出加速林业碳汇法律化进程,明确林业碳汇替代性赔偿方案的属性及实用领域等针对性优化建议。

林业生产性服务业发展对林业绿色生产效率的影响

以南方集体林区为例,立足宏观层面,引入考虑生态系统服务价值的林业绿色生产效率。在此基础上,基于规模和质量两个维度,使用空间动态面板模型和广义面板平滑转换模型,分别从线性和非线性的角度检验了林业生产性服务业发展对地区林业绿色生产效率的影响作用。研究发现:林业生产性服务业的发展规模和质量均对林业绿色生产效率产生显著的促进作用,且林业生产性服务业发展质量的影响作用更突出;从细分行业来看,林业科技交流与推广服务表现最佳。以林业生产性服务业发展水平为转换变量,林业生产性服务业对林业绿色生产效率存在非线性影响效应,当林业生产性服务业的发展规模和质量分别跨过门槛值1.46和4.65后,林业生产性服务对林业绿色生产效率产生了更突出的促进效应。

农林院校教师发展支持服务体系对教师专业素质能力影响的研究

建设高质量教育体系是我国高等教育面临的新任务,而建设高素质专业化教师队伍则是建设高质量教育体系的关键。在此背景下,提升教师专业素质能力,健全教师发展体系已经成为高等教育改革关注的焦点。该文以东北林业大学教师教学发展中心为研究对象,从健全教师发展制度、建强教师发展平台等方面探索教师发展支持服务体系对教师专业素质能力的影响。