Transformation of microstructure and phase of disodium guanosine 5′-monophosphate: Thermodynamic perspectives

Microstructure and phase transformation of disodium guanosine 5′-monophosphate(5′-GMPNa_2) are extremely important for controlling the process and understanding the mechanism of crystallization. In this work, the thermodynamic properties of polymorphous 5′-GMPNa_2 especially the solubility were studied, the solubility results show that 5′-GMPNa_2 is more soluble in ethanol–water(E–W) than in isopropanol–water(I–W). The amorphous form of 5′-GMPNa_2 is more soluble than the crystalline form at the same mole fraction and temperature. Meanwhile, the crystalline forms and morphologies of the residual solids were characterized by PXRD and SEM. The results indicate that solid forms of 5′-GMPNa_2 transformed spontaneously from amorphous to crystalline when the ethanol proportion is ≥20%. In addition, increasing the pH facilitates the dissolution of 5′-GMPNa_2 and helps to maintain the crystalline form. The associated Gibbs free energy values were calculated to verify the trend of transformation from amorphous to crystalline 5′-GMPNa_2. These results should help to guide the industrial crystallization process and to obtain the crystalline form of 5′-GMPNa_2.

Microstructure evolution and phase transformation of traditional cast and spray-formed hypereutectic aluminium-silicon alloys induced by heat treatment

Microstructural evolution and phase transformation induced by different heat treatments of the hypereutectic aluminium-silicon alloy, Al-25Si-5Fe-3Cu （wt%, signed as 3C）, fabricated by traditional cast （TC） and spray forming （SF） processes, were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM） combined with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques. The results show that A17Cu2Fe phase can be formed and transformed in TC- and SF-3C alloys between 802-813 K and 800-815 K, respectively. The transformation from β-Al5FeSi to δ-Al4FeSi2 phase via peritectic reaction can occur at around 858-870 K and 876-890 K in TC- and SF-3C alloys, respectively. The starting precipitation temperature of δ-Al4FeSi2 phase as the dominant Fe-bearing phase in the TC-3C alloy is 997 K and the exothermic peak about the peritectic transformation of δ-Al4FeSi2→β-Al5FeSi is not detected in the present DSC experiments. Also, the mechanisms of the microstructural evolution and phase transformation are discussed.

Computation of the Simplest Normal Forms for Resonant Double Hopf Bifurcations System Based on Lie Transform

反响的双 Hopf 分叉的最简单的正常形式基于谎言操作员被学习。反响的双 Hopfbifurcation 和以原来的系统，系数明确地被给的非线性的转变的最简单的正常形式的系数。非线性的转变被用于减少 lower-ordernormal 和 higher-ordernormal 形式，并且系统矩阵的等级被用来决定能被减少的正常形式的系数。这些使获得的正常形式比传统的简单。Ageneral 节目与 Mathematica 被编译。这个程序能计算反响的双 Hopf 分叉的最简单的正常形式和非反响的形式直到第 7 顺序。

Bcklund Transformation and Multisoliton Solutions in Terms of Wronskian Determinant for (2+1)-Dimensional Breaking Soliton Equations with Symbolic Computation

In this paper, two types of the (2+1)-dimensional breaking soliton equations are investigated, whichdescribe the interactions of the Riemann waves with the long waves.With symbolic computation, the Hirota bilinearforms and Bcklund transformations are derived for those two systems.Furthermore, multisoliton solutions in termsof the Wronskian determinant are constructed, which are verified through the direct substitution of the solutions intothe bilinear equations.Via the Wronskian technique, it is proved that the Bcklund transformations obtained are theones between the (N-1)-and N-soliton solutions.Propagations and interactions of the kink-/bell-shaped solitonsare presented.It is shown that the Riemann waves possess the solitonic properties, and maintain the amplitudes andvelocities in the collisions only with some phase shifts.

Microstructural Evolution and Phase Transformations of Mechanically Stirred Non-dendritic ZA27 Alloy during Partial Remelting

The microstructural evolution and phase transformations of mechanically stirred non-dendritic ZA27 alloy during partial remelting were studied by using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction technique.The partial remelting temperature was 460℃ and lower than the stirring temperature of 465℃.So the microstructure with globular grains needed for semi-solid forming can not be obtained and the starting primary non-dendritic grains change in turn to connect non-dendritic grains, long chain-like structures and finally to coarsen connect grains.However,the small near-equiaxed grains between the primary non-dendritic grains are evolved into small globular grains gradually,some of which are also attached to the primary non-dendritic grains during the subsequent heating.The X-ray diffraction results show that a series of phase transformations, α+η+ε→β,η+β→L,β→α′+L,α+η+ε→α′ and α′→L, occur successively during this process.The main reason why the starting primary non-dendritic grains do not separate into the needed independent globular grains is that the reactions of η+β→L and α′→L do not occur or occurr incompletely in the layers used to connect the primary non-dendritic grains.

Casoratian Solutions to Toda Lattice Via Its Backlund Transformation

Generalized Casoratian condition and Casoratian solutions of the Toda lattice are given in terms of its bilinear Backlund transformation. By choosing suitable Casoratian entries and parameter in the bilinear Backlund transformation, we can give transformations among many kinds of solutions.

Generalized Wronskian Solutions to Modified Korteweg-de Vries Equation via Its Bcklund Transformation

In the paper we discuss the Wronskian solutions of modified Korteweg-de Vries equation (mKdV) via theBcklund transformation (BT) and a generalized Wronskian condition is given,which allows us to substitute an arbitrarycoefficient matrix in the G_N(t) for the original diagonal one.

ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF COMPLEX VECTOR SPACES AND THE JORDAN CANONICAL FORM OF COMPLEX LINEAR TRANSFORMATIONS

New objects characterizing the structure of complex linear transformations areintroduced. These new objects yield a new result for the decomposition of complexvector spaces relative to complex lrnear transformations and provide all Jordan basesby which the Jordan canonical form is constructed. Accordingly, they can result in thecelebrated Jordan theorem and the third decomposition theorem of space directly. and,moreover, they can give a new deep insight into the exquisite and subtle structure ofthe Jordan form. The latter indicates that the Jordan canonical form of a complexlinear transformation is an invariant structure associated with double arbitrary. choices.

On General Mller Transformation

We give a study on the general Mφller transformation and emphatically introduce its differential form.Inthis paper,a definition of acceleration is given in spacetime language and the inertial reference frame is also settled.Witha discussion of the geodesic equations of motion,the differential form of the general Mφller transformation at arbitrarydirection is presented.

Strong/weak limits and strong/weak differentials of multi-variable indeterminate forms. III: Transformations

Various transforms of the indeterminate forms are presented in this part, which include simplification in spherical coordinates, origin translation, axis alteration, transformation of limit conservation and application of Xh?K0. Fundamental factors for numerical simplification are provided respectively for bi-variable indeterminate forms, tri-variable indeterminate forms and the universal extending multiplier.

数字时代教育空间的基本形态、生成逻辑与发展趋势

空间有独特的内在逻辑,承载着社会文化意义,反映了时代特色。教育空间研究为理解数字时代教育变革提供了独特视角。以数字技术为基础的教育空间呈现出教育实体空间、教育混合空间及教育虚拟空间互嵌互融的形态,表现了形态转换、实践转移与关系转型的逻辑。不论未来的技术如何更新迭代,教育都要在多元空间中重视保护儿童的生活世界,追求人机协同发展的新模式,秉持以儿童为中心的空间观念并充分发挥儿童的空间主体性。

An infrared and visible image fusion method based upon multi-scale and top-hat transforms

The high-frequency components in the traditional multi-scale transform method are approximately sparse, which can represent different information of the details. But in the low-frequency component, the coefficients around the zero value are very few, so we cannot sparsely represent low-frequency image information. The low-frequency component contains the main energy of the image and depicts the profile of the image. Direct fusion of the low-frequency component will not be conducive to obtain highly accurate fusion result. Therefore, this paper presents an infrared and visible image fusion method combining the multi-scale and top-hat transforms. On one hand, the new top-hat-transform can effectively extract the salient features of the low-frequency component. On the other hand, the multi-scale transform can extract highfrequency detailed information in multiple scales and from diverse directions. The combination of the two methods is conducive to the acquisition of more characteristics and more accurate fusion results. Among them, for the low-frequency component, a new type of top-hat transform is used to extract low-frequency features, and then different fusion rules are applied to fuse the low-frequency features and low-frequency background; for high-frequency components, the product of characteristics method is used to integrate the detailed information in high-frequency. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can obtain more detailed information and clearer infrared target fusion results than the traditional multiscale transform methods. Compared with the state-of-the-art fusion methods based on sparse representation, the proposed algorithm is simple and efficacious, and the time consumption is significantly reduced.

New transformation of Wigner operator in phase space quantum mechanics for the two-mode entangled case

As a natural and important extension of Fan＇s paper （Fan Hong-Yi 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 040305） by employing the formula of operators＇ Weyl ordering expansion and the bipartite entangled state representation this paper finds a new two-fold complex integration transformation about the Wigner operator A （#, ~） （in its entangled form） in phase space quantum mechanics, and its inverse transformation. In this way, some operator ordering problems regarding to （a1-a2） and （a1＋a2） can be solved and the contents of phase space quantum mechanics can be enriched, where ai,ai are bosonic creation and annihilation operators, respectively.

A Study of the Elastodynamic Problem by Meshless Local Petrov-Galerkin Method Using the Laplace-Transform

The Meshless Local Petrov-Galerkin (MLPG) with Laplace transform is used for solving partial differential equation. Local weak form is developed using the weighted residual method locally from the dynamic partial differential equation and using the moving least square (MLS) method to construct shape function. This method is a more effective alternative than the finite element method for computer modelling and simulation of problems in engineering;however, the accuracy of the present method depends on a number of parameters deriving from local weak form and different subdomains. In this paper, the meshless local Petrov-Galerkin (MLPG) formulation is proposed for forced vibration analysis. First, the results are presented for different values of as, and aq?with regular distribution of nodes nt=55. After, the results are presented with fixed values of?as?and aq?for different time-step.

基于“阳化气,阴成形”理论辨治痿证

津气两伤是痿证的病变基础,亦是“阳化气,阴成形”失衡的结果。阳化气不足,阴成形失衡,而致脏腑功能失调,水饮痰瘀内生,四肢九窍失养,发为痿证。本文基于“阳化气,阴成形”理论,探讨高颖教授采用助阳化气法治疗阳化气不足的重症肌无力,益肾调形法治疗阴成形失衡的多发性硬化,阴阳双补法治疗阴阳俱损的运动神经元病。治疗痿证,需审证求因,明辨阴阳,调整偏颇,在疾病早期给予中医药治疗,以延缓疾病演变进程、改善预后。

论泰国汉文报刊传承中国文学的变迁、形态及其文化价值

中国文学传到泰国,以翻译小说《三国演义》而创“三国体”为开始。近代以来,泰国华侨华人接受中国文学的滋养,由阅读自带或贩卖到泰国的中国书籍,逐渐变成阅读汉文报刊上的作品。汉文报刊作为传承中国文学的新载体,为了适应在泰华侨华人阅读的需要,因地制宜,改造了文学传播的形态:使用评论、转写、化用诸多手段,多层次参与中国古代文学作品的义理阐释;新编文本,加上泰语对照,方便阅读;对经典文学加上新释、新解,传达文本精神;揉进异域文化基因,实现在地化。泰国华侨华人以“古”为情感纽带,以“中”为民族自豪,以“祖国”为精神归宿,积极探索中国文学的发展道路。泰国汉文报刊文学,始终秉持“弘扬自由祖国文化,促进中泰两族亲善,沟通中泰文化”的理念。

“父亲”形象的互文书写——《王蒙自传》与《活动变人形》对照解读

《王蒙自传》与《活动变人形》中的“父亲”形象,构成了显著的互文现象。作为两种创作路向,自传和小说相互提供由文外看文内的参照性史料。《王蒙自传》为《活动变人形》“父亲”形象倪吾诚的虚构,提供了政治与心理动机的说明;以《王蒙自传》父亲王锦第为原型,在倪吾诚形象的生成中,见出作家艺术表达中重抒情想象的情感审美,重政治意义的逻辑起点和真诚勇敢的心理线索;受小说人物影响,王锦第与倪吾诚同构,因而在史实、史评、史思三个层面偏离了传记人物的全面性、客观性和思想性。由此可见,关注传记与其他文类编织的史料网络,可弥补文学史偏于虚构文学而致的结构性缺失,赋予文学研究以历史维度和思想质感。

明清制义的排偶形态及其文体规定性

自明代至清末,制义的文体形态发生过一系列的变化,其正讲部分不仅出现过两扇、四段、六股、八股、十二股等对偶形态,而且出现过三股、五股、七股、九股的排比形态,这是明清制义“循题立格”原则的实践结果。明代成化以后制义以八股为常态,清代嘉庆以后则以六股为常态。“八股文”一词不足以涵盖制义的文体形态的丰富性,从“八股文”一词去考察明、清制义的源流,我们很难把握到明清制义的文体规定性。遵朱注,是制义在义理阐释上的规定性;入口气,是制义修辞的规定性;而“体用排偶”则是制义正讲部分的文体规定性。正讲部分最富于变化,也最能体现作者的写作个性,是我们考察明、清制义文格的正与变的一个窗口。清代制义家在“体用排偶”与“以古文为时文”进行调和,提出“以比偶为单行”的修辞原则。

形式服务转向背景下面向信息资源管理的图书馆学学科创新

“图书情报与档案管理”一级学科名称调整为“信息资源管理”,在此背景下图书馆学的学术研究和人才培养要主动面向信息时代带给图书馆传统服务内容空壳化的挑战与机遇。数字化信息化正在“掏空”图书馆传统内容服务,图书馆面临生存危机,为此,形式化突围成为图书馆学新的研究对象和命题。图书馆形式化服务需要建立在图书馆的仪式感之上,重塑仪式感是图书馆安身立命的重要实践,也是学科创新的机遇。