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SEPARATION OF FORMIC ACID-WATER AZEOTROPIC MIXTURES BY MEMBRANE DISTILLATION 被引量:1
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作者 Ying KONG Yong Lie WU Ji Ping XU Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Changchun 130022 《Chinese Chemical Letters》 SCIE CAS CSCD 1992年第6期477-478,共2页
The azeotrope disappeared when the formic acid-water mixtures were treated by membrane distillation. Membrane distillation were used for separation of formic acid-water azeotropic mixtures for the first time.
关键词 SEPARATION OF formic acid-water AZEOTROPIC MIXTURES BY MEMBRANE DISTILLATION ACID
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Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to produce formic acid coupled with oxidative conversion of biomass
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作者 Xi Liu Yifan Wang +2 位作者 Zhiwei Dai Daihong Gao Xuebing Zhao 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第5期705-729,共25页
Electrochemical reduction of CO_(2)(CO_(2)RR)has become a research hot spot in recent years in the context of carbon neutrality.HCOOH is one of the most promising products obtained by electrochemical reduction of CO_(... Electrochemical reduction of CO_(2)(CO_(2)RR)has become a research hot spot in recent years in the context of carbon neutrality.HCOOH is one of the most promising products obtained by electrochemical reduction of CO_(2) due to its high energy value as estimated by market price per energy unit and wide application in chemical industry.Biomass is the most abundant renewable resource in the natural world.Coupling biomass oxidative conversion with CO_(2)RR driven by renewable electricity would well achieve carbon negativity.In this work,we comprehensively reviewed the current research progress on CO_(2)RR to produce HCOOH and coupled system for conversion of biomass and its derivatives to produce value-added products.Sn-and Bi-based electrocatalysts are discussed for CO_(2)RR with regards to the structure of the catalyst and reaction mechanisms.Electro-oxidation reactions of biomass derived sugars,alcohols,furan aldehydes and even polymeric components of lignocellulose were reviewed as alternatives to replace oxygen evolution reaction(OER)in the conventional electrolysis process.It was recommended that to further improve the efficiency of the coupled system,future work should be focused on the development of more efficient and stable catalysts,careful design of the electrolytic cells for improving the mass transfer and development of environment-friendly processes for recovering the formed formate and biomass oxidation products. 展开更多
关键词 Electrochemical reduction of CO_(2) formic acid Oxidative conversion of biomass LIGNOCELLULOSE Coupled system
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Water shutoff model test in water-rich sandy stratum by phosphoric acid-water glass grout 被引量:3
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作者 杨宇友 倪茂光 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS 2014年第10期4014-4020,共7页
The rheological behavior of phosphoric acid-water glass grout in different mixing ratios was studied. Grout made of water glass with Baume degree of 20° and 13.4% phosphoric acid by 1:1 volume ratio is found to b... The rheological behavior of phosphoric acid-water glass grout in different mixing ratios was studied. Grout made of water glass with Baume degree of 20° and 13.4% phosphoric acid by 1:1 volume ratio is found to be more effective in stopping water. Laboratory model test of water shutoff by grouting was conducted. Test results show that the diffusion length and water cutoff effect of the grout are significantly improved as the grout head is raised, due to the dilution of underground water, and it takes the grout longer than its gel time to cut off water. 展开更多
关键词 water-rich sandy stratum phosphoric acid-water glass grout grouting water shutoff model test
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Amine-functionalized hierarchically porous carbon supported Pd nanocatalysts for highly efficient H2 generation from formic acid with fast-diffusion channels 被引量:1
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作者 Xianzhao Shao Xinyi Miao +7 位作者 Fengwu Tian Miaomiao Bai Xiaosha Guo Wei Wang Zuoping Zhao Xiaohui Ji Miyi Li Fangan Deng 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第1期249-258,I0007,共11页
Formic acid(FA)has come to be considered a potential candidate for hydrogen storage,and the development of efficient catalysts for H2releasing is crucial for realizing the sustainable process from FA.Herein,we have de... Formic acid(FA)has come to be considered a potential candidate for hydrogen storage,and the development of efficient catalysts for H2releasing is crucial for realizing the sustainable process from FA.Herein,we have developed the ultrafine Pd nanoparticle(NPs)with amine-functionalized carbon as a support,which was found to show an excellent catalytic activity in H_(2)generation from FA dehydrogenation.The synergetic mechanism between amine-group and Pd active site was demonstrated to facilitate H2generation byβ-hydride elimination.Moreover,the texture of support for Pd NPs also plays an important role in determining the reactivity of FA,since the diffusion of gaseous products makes the kinetics of diffusion as a challenge in this high performance Pd catalysts.As a result,the as-prepared Pd/NH_(2)-TPC catalyst with the small sized Pd nanoparticles and the hierarchically porous structures shows a turnover of frequency(TOF)value of 4312 h^(-1)for the additive-free FA dehydrogenation at room temperature,which is comparable to the most promising heterogeneous catalysts.Our results demonstrated that the intrinsic catalytic activities of active site as well as the porous structure of support are both important factors in determining catalytic performances in H2generation from FA dehydrogenation,which is also helpful to develop high-activity catalysts for other advanced gas-liquid-solid reactions systems. 展开更多
关键词 Hierarchically carbon Diffusion formic acid Hydrogen production Palladium nanoparticles
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Highly dispersed 1 nm Pt Pd bimetallic clusters for formic acid electrooxidation through a CO-free mechanism 被引量:1
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作者 Zhongying Fang Ziwei Zhang +8 位作者 Shemsu Ligani Fereja Jinhan Guo Xinjie Tong Yue Zheng Rupeng Liu Xiaolong Liang Leting Zhang Zongjun Li Wei Chen 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第3期554-564,I0015,共12页
Direct formic acid fuel cell(DFAFC) is an important research project in clean energy field.However,commercialization of DFAFC is still largely limited by the available catalysts with unsatisfied activity,durability an... Direct formic acid fuel cell(DFAFC) is an important research project in clean energy field.However,commercialization of DFAFC is still largely limited by the available catalysts with unsatisfied activity,durability and cost for formic acid electrooxidation(FAEO).Using Pt-and Pd-based nanoclusters as electrocatalysts is a particularly promising strategy to solve the above problem,but two attendant problems need to be solved firstly.(Ⅰ) The controllable synthesis of practicable and stable sub-2 nm clusters remains challenging.(Ⅱ) The catalyzing mechanism of sub-2 nm metal clusters for FAEO has not yet completely understood.Herein,different from traditional solution synthesis,by designing a novel supporting material containing electron-rich and electron-deficient functional groups,size-and dispersioncontrollable synthesis of ~1 nm PtPd nanoclusters is realized by an electrochemical process.The electrocatalytic properties and reaction mechanism of the PtPd nanoclusters for the FAEO were studied by different electrochemical techniques,in-situ fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectra and density functional theory(DFT) calculations.The tiny PtPd nanoclusters have much higher catalytic activity and durability than commercial Pt/C,Pd/C and 3.5 nm PtPd nanoparticles.The present study shows that the metalreactant interaction plays a decisive role in determining the catalytic activity and cluster-support interaction plays a decisive role in enhancing the durability of electrocatalyst.The ratio and arrangement of Pt and Pd atoms on the surface of 1 nm PtPd cluster as well as the overall valence state,d-band center and specific surface area make them exhibit different catalytic performance and reaction mechanism from nanoparticle catalysts.In addition,in situ FTIR and DFT calculations showed that on the surface of PtPd clusters,the generation of CO_(2)through trans-COOH intermediate is the most optimal reaction pathway for the FAEO. 展开更多
关键词 CLUSTER formic acid oxidation ELECTROCATALYSIS In situ FTIR Reaction mechanism
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Ti-Fe_(2)O_(3)/Ni(OH)_(x) as an efficient and durable photoanode for the photoelectrochemical catalysis of PET plastic to formic acid 被引量:1
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作者 Xin Li Jianying Wang +2 位作者 Mingze Sun Xufang Qian Yixin Zhao 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第3期487-496,I0014,共11页
Photoelectrochemical(PEC) technology provides a promising prospect for the transformation of polyethylene terephthalate(PET) plastic wastes to produce value-added chemicals.The PEC catalytic systems with high activity... Photoelectrochemical(PEC) technology provides a promising prospect for the transformation of polyethylene terephthalate(PET) plastic wastes to produce value-added chemicals.The PEC catalytic systems with high activity,selectivity and long-term durability are required for the future up-scaling industrial applications.Herein,we employed the interfacial modification strategy to develop an efficient and stable photoanode and evaluated its PEC activity for ethylene glycol(EG,derived from PET hydrolysate) oxidation to formic acid.The interfacial modification between Fe_(2)O_(3)semiconductor and Ni(OH)xcocatalyst with ultrathin TiO_(x) interlayer not only improved the photocurrent density by accelerating the kinetics of photogenerated charge carriers,but also kept the high Faradaic efficiency(over 95% in 30 h) towards the value-added formic acid product.This work proposes an effective method to promote the PEC activity and enhance the long-term stability of photoelectrodes for upcycling PET plastic wastes. 展开更多
关键词 Plastic waste formic acid Photoelectrochemical catalysis High durability Interfacial modification
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Self-catalytic induced interstitial C-doping of Pd nanoalloys for highly selective electrocatalytic dehydrogenation of formic acid
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作者 Jun Li Liying Cai +6 位作者 Xiaosi Liang Shuke Huang Xiaosha Wang Yongshuai Kang Yongjian Zhao Lei Zhang Chenyang Zhao 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第4期550-558,共9页
Light-metalloid-atom-doped Pd interstitial nanoalloy is promising candidate for electrocatalysis because of the favorable electronic effect.Herein,an innovative method was developed to synthesize C-doped Pd interstiti... Light-metalloid-atom-doped Pd interstitial nanoalloy is promising candidate for electrocatalysis because of the favorable electronic effect.Herein,an innovative method was developed to synthesize C-doped Pd interstitial nanoalloy using palladium acetate both as metal precursor and C dopant.Elaborate characterizations demonstrated that C atoms were successfully doped into the Pd lattice via self-catalytic decomposition of acetate ions.The as-synthesized C-doped Pd catalysts showed excellent activity and durable stability for formic acid electrooxidation.The mass activity and specific activity at 0.6 V of C-doped Pd were approximately 2.59 A/mg and 3.50 mA cm^(-2),i.e.,2.4 and 2.6 times of Pd,respectively.DFT calculations revealed that interstitial doping with C atoms induced differentiation of Pd sites.The strong noncovalent interaction between the Pd sites and the key intermediates endowed Pd with high-selectivity to direct routes and enhanced CO tolerance.This work presents a sites-differentiation strategy for metallic catalysts to improve the electrocatalysis. 展开更多
关键词 C-doped PALLADIUM Interstitial nanoalloy ELECTROCATALYSIS formic acid oxidation reaction
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Pt-Te alloy nanowires towards formic acid electrooxidation reaction
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作者 Bin Sun Yu-Chuan Jiang +5 位作者 Qing-Ling Hong Xue Liu Fu-Min Li Dong-Sheng Li Yun Yang Yu Chen 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第10期481-489,I0013,共10页
The high-performance anodic electrocatalysts is pivotal for realizing the commercial application of the direct formic acid fuel cells.In this work,a simple polyethyleneimine-assisted galvanic replacement reaction is a... The high-performance anodic electrocatalysts is pivotal for realizing the commercial application of the direct formic acid fuel cells.In this work,a simple polyethyleneimine-assisted galvanic replacement reaction is applied to synthesize the high-quality PtTe alloy nanowires(PtTe NW)by using Te NW as an efficient sacrificial template.The existence of Te atoms separates the continuous Pt atoms,triggering a direct reaction pathway of formic acid electrooxidation reaction(FAEOR)at PtTe NW.The one-dimensional architecture and highly active sites have enabled PtTe NW to reveal outstanding electrocatalytic activity towards FAEOR with the mass/specific activities of 1091.25 mA mg^(-1)/45.34 A m^(-2)at 0.643 V potential,which are 44.72/23.16 and 20.26/11.75 times bigger than those of the commercial Pt and Pd nanoparticles,respectively.Density functional theory calculations reveal that Te atoms optimize the electronic structure of Pt atoms,which decreases the adsorption capacity of CO intermediate and simultaneously improves the durability of PtTe NW towards FAEOR.This work provides the valuable insights into the synthesis and design of efficient Pt-based alloy FAEOR electrocatalysts. 展开更多
关键词 formic acid electrooxidation PtTe alloy nanowires Galvanic replacement reaction Reaction pathway Fuel cells
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Interfacial engineering of holey platinum nanotubes for formic acid electrooxidation boosted water splitting
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作者 Zi-Xin Ge Yu Ding +6 位作者 Tian-Jiao Wang Feng Shi Pu-Jun Jin Pei Chen Bin He Shi-Bin Yin Yu Chen 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第2期209-216,I0006,共9页
Both structure and interface engineering are highly effective strategies for enhancing the catalytic activity and selectivity of precious metal nanostructures.In this work,we develop a facile pyrolysis strategy to syn... Both structure and interface engineering are highly effective strategies for enhancing the catalytic activity and selectivity of precious metal nanostructures.In this work,we develop a facile pyrolysis strategy to synthesize the high-quality holey platinum nanotubes(Pt-H-NTs)using nanorods-like Pt^(Ⅱ)-phenanthroline(PT)coordination compound as self-template and self-reduction precursor.Then,an up-bottom strategy is used to further synthesize polyallylamine(PA)modified Pt-H-NTs(Pt-HNTs@PA).PA modification sharply promotes the catalytic activity of Pt-H-NTs for the formic acid electrooxidation reaction(FAEOR)by the direct reaction pathway.Meanwhile,PA modification also elevates the catalytic activity of Pt-H-NTs for the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)by the proton enrichment at electrolyte/electrode interface.Benefiting from the high catalytic activity of Pt-H-NTs@PA for both FAEOR and HER,a two-electrode FAEOR boosted water electrolysis system is fabricated by using Pt-H-NTs@PA as bifunctio nal electrocatalysts.Such FAEOR boosted water electrolysis system only requires the operational voltage of 0.47 V to achieve the high-purity hydrogen production,showing an energy-saving hydrogen production strategy compared to traditional water electrolysis system. 展开更多
关键词 Holey platinum nanotubes Chemical functionalization formic acid oxidation reaction Hydrogen evolution reaction Water splitting
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High-Con cent rat ion Electrosynthesis of Formic Acid/Formate from CO_(2):Reactor and Electrode Design Strategies
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作者 Yizhu Kuang Hesamoddin Rabiee +4 位作者 Lei Ge Thomas E.Rufford Zhiguo Yuan John Bell Hao Wang 《Energy & Environmental Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第6期141-157,共17页
The electrochemical CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR),driven by renewable energy,provides a potential carbon-neutral avenue to convert CO_(2)into valuable fuels and feedstocks.Conversion of CO_(2)into formic acid/for... The electrochemical CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR),driven by renewable energy,provides a potential carbon-neutral avenue to convert CO_(2)into valuable fuels and feedstocks.Conversion of CO_(2)into formic acid/formate is considered one of the economical and feasible methods,owing to their high energy densities,and ease of distribution and storage.The separation of formic acid/formate from the reaction mixtures accounts for the majority of the overall CO_(2)RR process cost,while the increment of product concentration can lead to the reduction of separation cost,remarkably.In this paper,we give an overview of recent strategies for highly concentrated formic acid/formate products in CO_(2)RR.CO_(2)RR is a complex process with several different products,as it has different intermediates and reaction pathways.Therefore,this review focuses on recent study strategies that can enhance targeted formic acid/formate yield,such as the all-solid-state reactor design to deliver a high concentration of products during the reduction of CO_(2)in the electrolyzer.Firstly,some novel electrolyzers are introduced as an engineering strategy to improve the concentration of the formic acid/formate and reduce the cost of downstream separations.Also,the design of planar and gas diffusion electrodes(GDEs)with the potential to deliver high-concentration formic acid/formate in CO_(2)RR is summarized.Finally,the existing technological challenges are highlighted,and further research recommendations to achieve high-concentration products in CO_(2)RR.This review can provide some inspiration for future research to further improve the product concentration and economic benefits of CO_(2)RR. 展开更多
关键词 electrochemical CO_(2)reduction reaction electrode design formic acid/formate high-concentration reactor design
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石墨烯负载Pt催化剂的制备及对甲酸的电催化氧化 被引量:1
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作者 陈体伟 田甜 +2 位作者 薛茗月 李玉郷 孟成 《许昌学院学报》 CAS 2024年第2期54-57,共4页
采用恒电位电化学还原技术制得石墨烯电极,然后采用循环伏安方法在石墨烯基体上电沉积一层Pt纳米微粒.采用电化学测试技术研究Pt/石墨烯电极材料的电子传递性能及对甲酸电催化氧化性能.相对于商用Pt电极材料,Pt纳米微粒/石墨烯电极材料... 采用恒电位电化学还原技术制得石墨烯电极,然后采用循环伏安方法在石墨烯基体上电沉积一层Pt纳米微粒.采用电化学测试技术研究Pt/石墨烯电极材料的电子传递性能及对甲酸电催化氧化性能.相对于商用Pt电极材料,Pt纳米微粒/石墨烯电极材料对甲酸表现出优异的电催化氧化活性,氧化峰电流显著提高.该种石墨烯负载Pt催化剂有望用作直接甲酸燃料电池的优良电极材料. 展开更多
关键词 石墨烯 直接甲酸燃料电池 铂催化剂 循环伏安法 电催化氧化
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Cu(110)晶面催化还原CO_(2)制备甲酸机理的第一性原理研究
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作者 张旭昀 汤静 +2 位作者 常庆 王勇 谭秀娟 《功能材料》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第4期4102-4110,共9页
铜基催化剂是一种高效还原CO_(2)为甲酸的绿色催化剂,明确不同晶面的还原机理对催化剂的设计及开发具有重要指导意义,但Cu(110)晶面的催化机理尚不明确。采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法对Cu(110)表面的还原机理进行了研究,系统... 铜基催化剂是一种高效还原CO_(2)为甲酸的绿色催化剂,明确不同晶面的还原机理对催化剂的设计及开发具有重要指导意义,但Cu(110)晶面的催化机理尚不明确。采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法对Cu(110)表面的还原机理进行了研究,系统研究了不同中间产物的吸附相关性质并探讨了相关的吸附机理。吸附能结果表明,CO_(2)在Cu(110)表面无法发生化学吸附,而^(*)COOH、^(*)HCOO、HCOOH分子和H原子的最稳定吸附位点分别为长桥位点、短桥位点、顶位点和HCP位点。布居数结果表明,^(*)HCOO和HCOOH分子在吸附过程中与Cu(110)表面的Cu原子形成离子键,H原子和Cu原子之间存在氢键作用,^(*)COOH分子中的C和Cu原子形成共价键。此外,电子态密度结果表明^(*)HCOO基团和Cu原子之间形成O—Cu键,^(*)COOH基团中的C和Cu原子形成C—Cu键,HCOOH分子中的O和Cu原子形成O—Cu键。相比于^(*)COOH/Cu(110)体系,^(*)HCOO/Cu(110)吸附体系的电荷密度、电荷转移量和成键能力均较强,说明CO_(2)在Cu(110)还原过程中中间体^(*)HCOO更稳定,合成路径属于更加高效的:CO_(2)→^(*)HCOO→HCOOH路径。 展开更多
关键词 电催化 二氧化碳还原 甲酸 第一性原理 铜基催化剂
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甲酸处理对菜用大豆秸秆青贮品质及微生物组成的影响
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作者 邸桂俐 李青洋 +6 位作者 唐厚旺 刘长锴 赵红玉 曹雅楠 孙庆龙 唐云梦 孙海霞 《黑龙江畜牧兽医》 CAS 北大核心 2024年第17期81-85,共5页
为了研究甲酸处理对菜用大豆秸秆青贮品质和微生物组成的影响,试验采用袋装青贮发酵的方法,以新鲜的菜用大豆秸秆为原料,设3个处理组[对照组(不添加甲酸)及0.3%组(添加0.3%甲酸)和0.6%组(添加0.6%甲酸)],每组3个重复,青贮42 d,青贮结束... 为了研究甲酸处理对菜用大豆秸秆青贮品质和微生物组成的影响,试验采用袋装青贮发酵的方法,以新鲜的菜用大豆秸秆为原料,设3个处理组[对照组(不添加甲酸)及0.3%组(添加0.3%甲酸)和0.6%组(添加0.6%甲酸)],每组3个重复,青贮42 d,青贮结束后取样进行营养成分和微生物组成的测定。结果表明:与对照组比较,0.3%组和0.6%组菜用大豆秸秆青贮的干物质、总碳、粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤木质素含量均差异不显著(P>0.05),pH值、氨态氮/总氮及氨态氮、乙酸和丁酸含量均显著降低(P<0.05);各组间乳酸含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。0.6%组变形菌门微生物相对丰度显著高于对照组(P<0.05),0.3%组、0.6%组甲型变形菌纲微生物相对丰度显著高于对照组(P<0.05),0.6%组梭菌纲微生物相对丰度显著低于对照组和0.3%组(P<0.05),0.6%组梭菌属微生物相对丰度显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。甲酸的添加没有显著促进乳酸菌的增殖,而对有害菌梭菌属微生物的生长繁殖有抑制作用,且0.6%组的抑制效果优于0.3%组。说明添加甲酸对菜用大豆秸秆青贮发酵品质有改善作用,可抑制有害微生物及丁酸产生,其中以0.6%的添加水平最好。 展开更多
关键词 菜用大豆 甲酸 青贮品质 微生物 营养成分
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棉、聚酰胺纤维和氨纶混纺面料定量分析研究
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作者 王玥 刘娟 +1 位作者 王佳云 孙婷婷 《中国标准化》 2024年第14期165-168,共4页
棉、聚酰胺纤维和氨纶混纺面料,目前行业内常用的定量方法存在耗时耗力、所用试剂对人体和环境存在危害的情况。本文通过现行多种方法之间的比对,立足试验数据,确认采用80%甲酸和20%盐酸的组合法,可以更加高效且安全地得到准确、稳定的... 棉、聚酰胺纤维和氨纶混纺面料,目前行业内常用的定量方法存在耗时耗力、所用试剂对人体和环境存在危害的情况。本文通过现行多种方法之间的比对,立足试验数据,确认采用80%甲酸和20%盐酸的组合法,可以更加高效且安全地得到准确、稳定的定量结果,为此类混纺面料的定量研究提供了新思路。 展开更多
关键词 手工拆分法 纤维定量分析 三组分 盐酸 甲酸
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船用铸铁耐高温甲酸腐蚀涂层抗高温腐蚀性能研究
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作者 刘昭亮 孙长飞 惠节 《舰船科学技术》 北大核心 2024年第3期75-78,共4页
为有效预防铸铁材料的腐蚀,提高船舶的安全性,研究船用铸铁耐高温甲酸腐蚀涂层抗高温腐蚀性能。制备纳米Fe粉体材料和添加了纳米Al粉和Cr_(3)C_(2)粉的Fe-Al/Cr_(3)C_(2)复合喷涂粉体材料以及指标甲酸溶液,利用正火态20钢制备铸铁试件M-... 为有效预防铸铁材料的腐蚀,提高船舶的安全性,研究船用铸铁耐高温甲酸腐蚀涂层抗高温腐蚀性能。制备纳米Fe粉体材料和添加了纳米Al粉和Cr_(3)C_(2)粉的Fe-Al/Cr_(3)C_(2)复合喷涂粉体材料以及指标甲酸溶液,利用正火态20钢制备铸铁试件M-1和M-2,将甲酸溶液作为腐蚀溶液,在不同高温环境下进行抗高温腐蚀性能测试。试验结果表明,铸铁涂层试件在高温甲酸溶液腐蚀后,涂层表明呈现不同程度凸起,该凸起为Al和Cr氧化物以及Fe氧化物,该氧化物对铸铁材料起到了保护膜作用,因此试件M-2的抗高温腐蚀性能较好;在相同高温甲酸溶液腐蚀环境下,试件M-2的质量损失数值也低于试件M-1,表明添加了纳米Al粉和Cr_(3)C_(2)粉的Fe-Al/Cr_(3)C_(2)复合喷涂粉体材料制备成的铸铁试件M-2抗高温腐蚀能力较强。 展开更多
关键词 船舶 铸铁 耐高温 甲酸腐蚀涂层 抗高温腐蚀性能 腐蚀速率
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NiPd/TiO_(2)催化剂的制备及催化甲酸分解制氢 被引量:3
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作者 吴慧 郑君宁 +3 位作者 左佑华 许立信 叶明富 万超 《精细化工》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第6期1302-1309,共8页
高效、清洁且无毒无害的催化剂是实现以甲酸(HCOOH)为化学储氢材料分解制氢的重点。首先,通过水热法453 K下制备了TiO_(2)载体;然后,通过浸渍法将活性组分Ni、Pd负载到TiO_(2)载体上合成了NiPd/TiO_(2)催化剂。采用SEM、TEM、N2吸附-脱... 高效、清洁且无毒无害的催化剂是实现以甲酸(HCOOH)为化学储氢材料分解制氢的重点。首先,通过水热法453 K下制备了TiO_(2)载体;然后,通过浸渍法将活性组分Ni、Pd负载到TiO_(2)载体上合成了NiPd/TiO_(2)催化剂。采用SEM、TEM、N2吸附-脱附、XRD、XPS、UV-Vis DRS对催化剂样品进行了表征。探究了由不同n(Ni)∶n(Pd)制备的催化剂对催化甲酸分解制氢性能的影响。结果表明,NiPd金属粒子对TiO_(2)的改性不仅扩大了TiO_(2)的光吸收范围,还有助于电荷分离,加速光催化反应的进行。在光照下,当NiPd/TiO_(2)催化剂中n(Ni)∶n(Pd)=2∶8时,催化剂的反应转化频率(TOF)最大,为3528 h^(–1)(323 K下),甲酸分解的活化能(E_(a))为53.9 kJ/mol。 展开更多
关键词 NiPd催化剂 甲酸 分解制氢 TiO_(2) 光照
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不同种类添加剂对全株玉米发酵特性及营养品质的影响 被引量:2
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作者 牛琼梅 初晓辉 +5 位作者 李彦飞 桂宝林 谢勇 杨双双 马向丽 单贵莲 《饲料研究》 CAS 北大核心 2024年第1期93-98,共6页
试验旨在筛选适用于全株玉米青贮调制的添加剂种类及添加量,促进青贮玉米产业化开发。以蜡熟期全株玉米为原料,研究甲酸、乳酸菌和糖蜜对全株玉米发酵特性、营养品质及有氧稳定性的影响。结果显示:与自然发酵相比,6 mL/kg甲酸可显著降... 试验旨在筛选适用于全株玉米青贮调制的添加剂种类及添加量,促进青贮玉米产业化开发。以蜡熟期全株玉米为原料,研究甲酸、乳酸菌和糖蜜对全株玉米发酵特性、营养品质及有氧稳定性的影响。结果显示:与自然发酵相比,6 mL/kg甲酸可显著降低青贮饲料中不良微生物的数量及氨态氮(NH_(3)-N)含量(P<0.05),提高了可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)含量及有氧稳定性。添加布什乳杆菌或植物乳杆菌+布什乳杆菌复合菌剂可显著增加乙酸含量(P<0.05),降低不良微生物数量及NH_(3)-N含量,提高有氧稳定性。添加糖蜜显著增加了青贮饲料中有害菌的数量及NH_(3)-N含量(P<0.05),降低了乙酸、干物质(DM)和WSC含量。研究表明,综合考虑全株玉米青贮饲料的发酵特性、营养品质及有氧稳定性,生产中推荐采用6 mL/kg甲酸、单独添加布氏乳杆菌或按1∶5配比添加植物乳杆菌与布氏乳杆菌复合菌剂对全株玉米进行青贮。 展开更多
关键词 全株玉米 乳酸菌 糖蜜 甲酸 发酵特性 营养成分 有氧稳定性
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甲酸为氢源硝基苯转移加氢合成对氨基苯酚
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作者 王雨菲 贾宇 +3 位作者 张议升 薛伟 李芳 王延吉 《化工进展》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第8期4421-4431,共11页
以UiO-66为前体,在N_(2)气氛下焙烧制备了ZrO_(2)@C,以其为载体,利用浸渍法制备了Pd/ZrO_(2)@C催化剂。以Pd/ZrO_(2)@C+SO_(4)^(2-)/ZrO_(2)为催化剂,对以甲酸(FA)为氢源、硝基苯(NB)转移加氢合成对氨基苯酚(PAP)的反应进行了研究。通... 以UiO-66为前体,在N_(2)气氛下焙烧制备了ZrO_(2)@C,以其为载体,利用浸渍法制备了Pd/ZrO_(2)@C催化剂。以Pd/ZrO_(2)@C+SO_(4)^(2-)/ZrO_(2)为催化剂,对以甲酸(FA)为氢源、硝基苯(NB)转移加氢合成对氨基苯酚(PAP)的反应进行了研究。通过表征发现,Pd/ZrO_(2)@C载体中的ZrO_(2)为四方相ZrO_(2),包埋在无定形C中。随着ZrO_(2)@C在空气中焙烧温度的升高和焙烧时间的增加,其C含量和比表面积随之下降,同时Pd颗粒尺寸变大。Pd/ZrO_(2)@C催化剂中Pd以Pd^(0)和Pd^(2+)两种形式存在,且随着C含量的减少,Pd^(0)含量增加,Pd^(2+)含量减少;当Pd^(0)含量明显高于Pd^(2+),其对PAP的选择性明显下降。在140℃、反应6h的条件下,Pd/ZrO_(2)@C-200-4+SO_(4)^(2-)/ZrO_(2)具有较好的催化性能,NB转化率为63.7%,PAP选择性为42.3%。 展开更多
关键词 催化 加氢 载体 对氨基苯酚 甲酸 硝基苯
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甲酸对全株饲料桑青贮营养和发酵品质、有氧稳定性及体外瘤胃发酵特性的影响
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作者 康雅洁 申瑶 +4 位作者 薛夫光 胡秀贞 南雪梅 唐湘方 熊本海 《动物营养学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第8期5170-5180,共11页
本研究旨在探究甲酸对全株饲料桑青贮营养和发酵品质、有氧稳定性及体外瘤胃发酵特性的影响,为全株饲料桑的开发利用提供科学有效的理论支撑。试验分为5组,各组分别在饲料桑中添加0(对照组,CK组)、2(FA2组)、4(FA4组)、6(FA6组)、8 mL/k... 本研究旨在探究甲酸对全株饲料桑青贮营养和发酵品质、有氧稳定性及体外瘤胃发酵特性的影响,为全株饲料桑的开发利用提供科学有效的理论支撑。试验分为5组,各组分别在饲料桑中添加0(对照组,CK组)、2(FA2组)、4(FA4组)、6(FA6组)、8 mL/kg(FA8组)甲酸,每组4个重复,青贮90 d。分别在有氧暴露第0(当天)、3、6、9、12天采集样品,测定其青贮品质和有氧稳定性,以选出适宜甲酸添加水平。随后,进一步探究饲料桑添加甲酸后对奶牛瘤胃发酵的影响,将饲料桑分为3组:饲料桑青贮原料组(M组)、未添加甲酸青贮饲料桑组(CK组)和经筛选出最优甲酸添加水平青贮饲料桑组(FA2组),每组3个重复,进行48 h体内降解试验和体外发酵试验。结果表明:1)有氧暴露期间,FA4组干物质(DM)含量始终最高,有氧暴露第0、3、6、12天显著高于CK和FA6组(P<0.05);FA2、FA4组有氧暴露第9天中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量显著低于CK和FA8组(P<0.05)。2)有氧暴露第0天,FA2、FA4、FA6、FA8组pH及氨态氮(NH_(3)-N)、乙酸(AA)含量均显著低于CK组(P<0.05)。随有氧暴露时间延长,FA2组pH稳定且始终最低。3)有氧暴露期间,FA2组饲料温度始终低于CK组和环境温度。因此,适宜的甲酸添加水平为2 mL/kg。4)FA2组干物质消化率(DMD)显著高于CK组(P<0.05),丙酸、正戊酸含量显著低于CK组(P<0.05),pH、乙酸含量、乙酸/丙酸显著低于M组(P<0.05)。综上所述,添加2 mL/kg甲酸可改善饲料桑青贮营养和发酵品质、有氧稳定性及体外瘤胃发酵功能。 展开更多
关键词 甲酸 饲料桑 青贮 有氧稳定性
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大豆生物质基多位点Co_(2)P催化甲酸脱氢
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作者 王碧溪 刘泽宇 +9 位作者 吴亚北 杨言言 杨颂 王荀 叶子 董洪亮 朱峰 余焕焕 吕英英 余钟亮 《燃料化学学报(中英文)》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第6期883-892,共10页
本研究报道了一种通过大豆和钴盐热解制备的甲酸脱氢用Co_(2)P催化剂,制备过程简单且环境友好。催化过程中,催化剂上的含K固体碱可作为路易斯酸性位点促进HCOO^(-)中间体的吸附,而自掺杂的N可作为碱性位点促进H+的吸附。大豆生物质中的... 本研究报道了一种通过大豆和钴盐热解制备的甲酸脱氢用Co_(2)P催化剂,制备过程简单且环境友好。催化过程中,催化剂上的含K固体碱可作为路易斯酸性位点促进HCOO^(-)中间体的吸附,而自掺杂的N可作为碱性位点促进H+的吸附。大豆生物质中的P可与钴盐结合并热解成Co_(2)P,该位点可裂解HCOO^(-)的H-C键。催化剂制备过程中当Co(NO_(3))_(2)·6H_(2)O/大豆的质量比为1:15时,所得Co_(2)P催化剂对甲酸脱氢反应的产气率可达237.47 mL/(g·h),并展现出良好的稳定性。本研究结果可为甲酸选择性产氢用非贵金属非均相催化剂的开发提供一定的借鉴基础。 展开更多
关键词 甲酸 多相催化剂 生物质 脱氢反应
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