Gliadin, the major storage protein in endosperm, affects grain quality in spring wheat by its content and composition. Eighteen cultivars differing in HMW-GS were used in the study to approach the accumulation pattern...Gliadin, the major storage protein in endosperm, affects grain quality in spring wheat by its content and composition. Eighteen cultivars differing in HMW-GS were used in the study to approach the accumulation pattern of gliadin fractions α, β, γ, ω and regulation of three kinds of nitrogen source. The results showed that the content of gliadin in grains increased gradually along with the process of grain-filling, but the accumulation intensity and final content differed evidently among cultivars with different HMW-GS composition. Of all the subunit types used here, cultivars with subunits 7+9 and 2+12 had smaller accumulation intensity and lower final content. During grain-filling, 4 gliadin fractions had the same increase trend, but differed in accumulation course. The dynamic trends of gliadin accumulation were similar in different nitrogen treatments whose effects on initial amount, accumulation intensity and final level of accumulation varied with cultivars. Of three nitrogen fertilizer types, the amide-form nitrogen source was better to the formation and accumulation of gliadin as well as its four fractions.展开更多
Loss of soil nitrogen has been reported to reduce soil productivity and result in eutrophication.The objective of this work was to understand the mechanisms of nitrogen loss at the maize seedling stage from purple soi...Loss of soil nitrogen has been reported to reduce soil productivity and result in eutrophication.The objective of this work was to understand the mechanisms of nitrogen loss at the maize seedling stage from purple soil in the sloping farmlands of southwest China.The characteristics of nitrogen loss were explored in experiments simulating rainfall conditions during the maize seedling stage at different rainfall intensities(60 mm/h,90 mm/h,and 120 mm/h)and slope gradients(10°,15°,and 20°).The results showed that the runoff and sediment yield increased with time.The surface runoff and sediment yield increased with the rainfall intensity and slope gradient.Nitrogen losses increased in the surface runoff and sediment but decreased in the interflow as the rainfall intensity and slope gradient increased.Dissolved total nitrogen(DTN)was the main form of nitrogen in the surface runoff and interflow,and nitrate nitrogen(NO3-N)was the main form of DTN.The surface runoff and sediment accounted for less than half of the TN losses.Thus,interflow was the main pathwayfor nitrogen loss.The regression lines between the surface runoff and forms of nitrogen losses in the runoff and interflow were linear.The results indicated that an increasing rainfall intensity and slope gradient generally increased the surface runoff,sediment,andnitrogen losses.However,the opposite trend was observed for the interflow and its nitrogen losses.展开更多
文摘Gliadin, the major storage protein in endosperm, affects grain quality in spring wheat by its content and composition. Eighteen cultivars differing in HMW-GS were used in the study to approach the accumulation pattern of gliadin fractions α, β, γ, ω and regulation of three kinds of nitrogen source. The results showed that the content of gliadin in grains increased gradually along with the process of grain-filling, but the accumulation intensity and final content differed evidently among cultivars with different HMW-GS composition. Of all the subunit types used here, cultivars with subunits 7+9 and 2+12 had smaller accumulation intensity and lower final content. During grain-filling, 4 gliadin fractions had the same increase trend, but differed in accumulation course. The dynamic trends of gliadin accumulation were similar in different nitrogen treatments whose effects on initial amount, accumulation intensity and final level of accumulation varied with cultivars. Of three nitrogen fertilizer types, the amide-form nitrogen source was better to the formation and accumulation of gliadin as well as its four fractions.
基金This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No 41271307)the Research and Development Project of Sichuan Province(Grant No.2019YFS0463).
文摘Loss of soil nitrogen has been reported to reduce soil productivity and result in eutrophication.The objective of this work was to understand the mechanisms of nitrogen loss at the maize seedling stage from purple soil in the sloping farmlands of southwest China.The characteristics of nitrogen loss were explored in experiments simulating rainfall conditions during the maize seedling stage at different rainfall intensities(60 mm/h,90 mm/h,and 120 mm/h)and slope gradients(10°,15°,and 20°).The results showed that the runoff and sediment yield increased with time.The surface runoff and sediment yield increased with the rainfall intensity and slope gradient.Nitrogen losses increased in the surface runoff and sediment but decreased in the interflow as the rainfall intensity and slope gradient increased.Dissolved total nitrogen(DTN)was the main form of nitrogen in the surface runoff and interflow,and nitrate nitrogen(NO3-N)was the main form of DTN.The surface runoff and sediment accounted for less than half of the TN losses.Thus,interflow was the main pathwayfor nitrogen loss.The regression lines between the surface runoff and forms of nitrogen losses in the runoff and interflow were linear.The results indicated that an increasing rainfall intensity and slope gradient generally increased the surface runoff,sediment,andnitrogen losses.However,the opposite trend was observed for the interflow and its nitrogen losses.