Research on Vehicle Control Technology Using Four-Wheel Independent Steering System

The enhancement of vehicle handling stability and maneuverability through active and independent rear wheels control is presented. Firstly, the configuration of four-wheel independent steering prototype vehide is introduced briefly. Then the concrete overall design of the electronic controllers of four wheel independent steering system （4WIS） is formulated in details. Under the control strategy of zero sideslip angle at mass center, the mathematical model of 4WIS is established to deduce the equations of separated rear wheel steering angles. According to these equations, simulation analysis for 4WIS vehicle performances is finished to show that 4WIS vehicle can improve the maneuverability greatly at low speed and increase the handling stability at high speed. Finally, the road test of 4WIS vehide has performed to verify the correctness of simulation and show that compared with the conventional four wheel steering （4WS） vehicle, the 4WIS vehicle not only improves the kinematical harmony but also decreases steering resistance and lighten abrasion of tires.

四轮独立驱动电动汽车等转矩转弯试验及滑动率分析

针对研制的四轮独立驱动电动试验样车4 WID EV,建立了稳态转向动力学模型。按等转矩模式分配四轮驱动力,进行了不同条件下的转弯试验。采用坐标网格法测绘了样车的行驶轨迹,得到了四轮转弯半径及整车转弯半径的变化情况。转弯试验揭示出驱动轮存在滑动,推导了滑动率的计算公式,并分析了转向轮转角及车速对滑动率的影响规律。结果表明,采用等转矩模式分配四轮驱动力,各轮间存在相互拖拽现象,从而产生功率内循环。

非道路动力底盘线控四轮独立转向控制系统研究

我国苜蓿主要生产区为甘肃、宁夏等路况复杂的山地丘陵地带,用于苜蓿收获的非道路动力底盘的行驶灵活性将直接影响其作业性能。为改善其低速工况下的行驶灵活性,基于车辆三自由度动力学模型提出了非道路动力底盘以跟随已知路线前进为目标的多种工况下的分层控制策略,搭建了四轮转向硬件在环实验平台,并进行了仿真实验。实验结果表明:动力底盘模型能够实现轨迹跟随、原地转向及斜向行驶,质心位置最大偏差为0.6 4 1 8 m,中心线方向最大偏差为3.3 0 9 6 rad。开发的控制系统取得较好的半实物仿真效果,为改善非道路动力底盘低速情况下转向灵活性提供了理论基础。

全地形机器人转向特性分析

为了提高全地形机器人的转向性能,建立了3自由度转向模型,并分别以质心侧偏角为零、轮胎与地面无滑移为转向、驱动控制为目标,推导出转向因素公式,设计了一种四轮独立转向-独立驱动(Four Wheel Independent Steering and Independent Drive,4WIS-4WID)控制方式。通过simulink与虚拟样机联合仿真,针对车速、载重对转向特性的影响进行分析。研究表明,该控制方式能够在低速转向时进一步提升机器人的灵活性,在高速转向时改善机器人的稳定性,但负重及速度的增加会对机器人的转向性能造成不利影响。