An Opposition-Based Learning-Based Search Mechanism for Flying Foxes Optimization Algorithm

The flying foxes optimization(FFO)algorithm,as a newly introduced metaheuristic algorithm,is inspired by the survival tactics of flying foxes in heat wave environments.FFO preferentially selects the best-performing individuals.This tendency will cause the newly generated solution to remain closely tied to the candidate optimal in the search area.To address this issue,the paper introduces an opposition-based learning-based search mechanism for FFO algorithm(IFFO).Firstly,this paper introduces niching techniques to improve the survival list method,which not only focuses on the adaptability of individuals but also considers the population’s crowding degree to enhance the global search capability.Secondly,an initialization strategy of opposition-based learning is used to perturb the initial population and elevate its quality.Finally,to verify the superiority of the improved search mechanism,IFFO,FFO and the cutting-edge metaheuristic algorithms are compared and analyzed using a set of test functions.The results prove that compared with other algorithms,IFFO is characterized by its rapid convergence,precise results and robust stability.

Survey on Vaccination of Foxes Against Encephalitis

[Objective] This study was conducted to survey the vaccination of foxes against encephalitis in Changli. [Method] A total of 85 fox blood samples were col- lected from four farmers in Changli County. The serum antibody titer against fox encephalitis was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The OD values were measured to determine the presence of CAV-1 antibody in samples. [Result] 93% of the 15 serum samples from Farmer 1, 86% of the 14 serum sam- ples from Farmer 2, 97% of the 30 serum samples from Farmer 3 and 92% of 26 serum samples from farmer 4 were CAV-1 antibody-positive. In summary, among the 85 serum samples from the four farmers, six were CAV-1 antibody-negative, and 79 were CAV-1 antibody-positive, namely 93% of the foxes were successfully immunized. [Conclusion] The results revealed that vaccination against fox encephali- tis in Changli was run well, but the immunization in several foxes should be strengthened.

Effects of Dietary Fat Levels on Growth, Nutrient Digestibility, Nitrogen Utilization and Fur Quality of Growing-furring Blue Foxes

This study evaluated the effects of dietary fat levels on the growth, nutrient digestibility, nitrogen balance and pelt characteristics of the blue fox(Alopex lagopus). Age-matched blue foxes(12 weeks old) with similar body weights were randomly divided into six dietary groups over 98 days, during the growing-furring period. Blue foxes in the six groups were fed with experimental diets containing 10%(groupⅠ), 12%(groupⅡ), 14%(group Ⅲ), 16%(group Ⅳ), 18%(groupⅤ) and 20%(group Ⅵ) fat during the growing period(from 13 weeks to 18 weeks of age);foxes were fed with diets containing 12%(groupⅠ), 14%(groupⅡ), 16%(group Ⅲ), 18%(group Ⅳ), 20%(groupⅤ) and 22%(group Ⅵ) fat during the furring period(from 18 weeks to 26 weeks of age). The results indicated that 16%-18% dietary fat, during the growing period significantly improved nutrient utilization, and as a main energy source, significantly reduced the feed/gain ratio. A dietary fat level of 18%, during the furring period not only improved the growth and development and decreased the feed/gain ratio, but also increased nutrient digestibility and fur quality. These data, combined with data from a conic regression model, showed that dietary fat levels between 16.29% and 18.40%, during the growing period and between 17.72% and 18.72%, during the furring period enhanced the growth performance and fur quality of blue foxes.

On Power Relations in The Little Foxes from the Perspective of Turn-taking Analysis

This paper focuses on discussing the power relations among the Hubbards from the perspective of turn-taking analysis.In it, a lot of work about the quantitative turn-taking analysis has been done. And the mentioned data reflects that there is a close relationship between power and turn-taking.

Transcendence of traditional melodrama A brief analysis on Lillian Hellman＇s The Little Foxes

Lillian Hellman is a leading figure in 20th century American theatre. Due to the intensity of feeling and the general theme of good vs. evil, her plays are tagged with ＂melodrama＂. However, by examining one of her masterpieces The Little Foxes, it is revealed that Lillian Hellman transcends the confmes of traditional melodrama by combining the complexity of real life into the pretense of representation, thus making her play forcefully believable.

Foxes ’nest’ in tree

A family of foxes has made its home 30ft up in the air at the top of a tree in Suffolk.Donna Martell, from Ipswich, discovered the unlikely den (窝)after noticing a young fox club scaling

Diagnosis of Colibacillosis in Foxes

An epidemic occurred in a fox farm of Changli County in April, 2015. The clinical symptoms in ill foxes included depression, poor appetite or appetite loss,rough, disorder and dull hair, standing inability, trembling, sunken eyes, decreased skin elasticity, dehydration and loose stools around the anus. When the abdomens of ill foxes were pressed, white or yellow manure flew out from the anuses, and some of the manures contained mucus or blood. The pathological changes included liver enlargement with necrotic lesions, spleen enlargement, lung hemorrhage, kidney enlargement with bleeding spots, thymus hemorrhage and intestinal catarrhal inflammation. The epidemic was finally identified as colibacillosis through clinical symptoms observation, pathological anatomy, biochemical tests and 16 SrRNA amplification.

STRUGGLE FOR A "ZERO ZONE"——Women's Plight Situation in The Little Foxes

The little foxes, Lillian Hellman's most popular piece of drama, is a cynical play which concerns with family greed and revenge. Analyzed from various critical perspectives, The Little Foxes is most prominently studied on her political viewpoint. Here this paper is intended to study it from the aspect of women's position in the drama, or more concretely, in that society by the analyzing of the two main women characters: Birdie and Regina, to reveal that whichever kind of life a woman living in the early twentieth chose to live, she would never be "successful".

FIVE FOXes“船大”一样好掉头

服装经营要不要上规模已毋需讨论,突出的问题就是怎么在获得规模经济效应的同时,保持经营的灵活性:以前是船小了好掉头,现在换成了旗舰店带队的舰队该怎么办?

Isolation and Identification of a Pathogenic E.coli Strain Causing Diarrhea in Foxes

[Objectives] The study aimed to identify the pathogenic E. coli strain that caused diarrhea in foxes and to analyze its drug sensitivity.[Methods] A pathogenic E. coli strain was isolated from dead foxes with diarrhea. By conventional bacterial isolation and culture, morphological observation, pathogenicity test and K-B disc method, the isolated strain was identified as pathogenic E. coli .[Results] The isolated pathogen was highly sensitive to ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin and lincomycin, moderately sensitive to enrofloxacin, neomycin, gentamycin, spectinomycin, florfenicol, amikacin and polymyxin, and resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin and doxycycline.[Conclusions] This study provided reference for the prevention and control of diarrheal diseases in foxes in Qinhuangdao region.

Evaluation on Quality of Winter Pelts of Blue Frost Foxes

Several statistic indexes including pelt weight, pelt area, skin thickness, length of hair, fineness of hair and hair density, were adopted in the evaluation of winter pelt quality of blue frost fox and their parents.Results showed that some indexes of qualitative characters of blue frost fox were the medium between blue fox and silver fox, and some were superior to them.

Effects of Feeding Intensity and Ca:P Ratio on Foot Welfare in Blue Foxes (<i>Vulpes lagopus</i>)

The aim was to clarify effects of ad libitum and restricted feeding with Ca:P ratios on foot welfare in blue foxes. Experiment was started at weaning on August 6th and finished at pelting on November 26th, 2013. Treatments were: 1) restricted feeding, Ca:P ratio 1.5:1;2) restricted feeding, Ca:P ratio 2.9:1;3) restricted feeding Ca:P ratio control level;4) ad libitum feeding, Ca:P ratio 1.5:1;5) ad libitum feeding, Ca:P-ratio 2.9:1;6) ad libitum feeding Ca:P ratio control level. Body growth variables, feed intake and welfare variables were measured. The behaviour was video recorded. Foreleg carpal joint angle as an indicator of leg weakness and the fox’s ability to move were evaluated. During weeks 32 - 35 and 37 - 47 animals from restricted groups ate 60% - 65% and 67% - 68% of the given feed, respectively. Body weight gain was faster in foxes fed ad libitum than with a restricted diet (P ad libitum groups compared to restricted ones. The body condition score was significantly (P ad libitum animals. Body length was greater for ad libitum than for restricted groups (P ad libitum and restricted groups

Histopathological Observation of Parvovirus Infection in Foxes

In this study, histopathological changes in the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, intestine, brain and other organs of foxes died of parvovims infection were observed. According to the results, multiple organs of infected foxes were congested and hemorrhaged with tissue damage, inflammatory cell infiltration and a series of pathological changes, mainly exhibiting hepatic cell cord rupture, liver cell granular degeneration and fatty degeneration, small intestinal mucous mem- brane shedding, intestinal villi necrosis and shedding, severe hemorrhage of lamina pmpria with inflammatory cell infiltration, and severe small intestinal bleeding. This study laid a solid foundation for clinical diagnosis, prevention and treatment of parvovirus infection in foxes.

Foreleg Bending in Blue Foxes (<i>Vulpes lagopus</i>) as Evaluated by Radiography

The aim was to compare radiographic X-ray data to foreleg bending, moving difficulties and body size in juvenile blue foxes. Experimental groups were: 1) restricted feeding, Ca:P ratio 1.5:1 (R 1);2) restricted feeding, Ca:P ratio 2.9:1 (R 2);3) restricted feeding Ca:P ratio 2.0:1 control level (R 3);4) ad libitum feeding, Ca:P ratio 1.5:1 (AL 1);5) ad libitum feeding, Ca:P ratio 2.9:1 (AL 2);6) ad libitum feeding Ca:P ratio 2.0:1 control level (AL 3). Moving difficulties and foreleg bending were evaluated in live animals. At pelting, left foreleg was removed. X-ray pictures were taken from lateral views. Dimensions of ulna and radius were measured from the X-ray pictures. Conditions of carpal joint and elbow joint were visually evaluated. The results showed that final body weight was affected by feeding intensity (P = 0.001). Ad libitum fed animals had more moving difficulties compared to restricted ones (P = 0.001). The Ca:P ratio tended (P = 0.06) to have an effect on feet bending. Bending was greatest in low Ca:P ratio (1.5:1) and, correspondingly, least in high Ca:P ratio (2.9:1). Moving difficulties were most common in heaviest animals. The moving difficulties tended (P = 0.07) to be positively related to feet bending. Maximum width of ulna was lowest in low Ca:P ratio diet (1.5:1). Bending was negatively correlated with maximum width of ulna. It can be concluded that low Ca:P ratio in the diet (1.5:1) increases foreleg bending in juveniles. Moving difficulties are related to foreleg bending and high body weight.

白花丹素介导sirt1-FOXO1通路对糖尿病肾病大鼠氧化应激损伤的影响

目的探究白花丹素通过沉默信息调节因子2相关酶(sirt)1-叉头框蛋白(FOX)O1通路对糖尿病肾病(DN)大鼠氧化应激损伤的影响。方法120只SD大鼠随机分为对照组、DN组、白花丹素低剂量组、白花丹素高剂量组、EX-527组(sirt1抑制剂,5 mg/kg)、白花丹素高剂量+EX-527组,每组20只。检测大鼠24 h尿蛋白、空腹血糖(FBG)、血肌酐(SCr)、血β2微球蛋白(β2-MG)及肾组织匀浆中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-6水平;测定大鼠左肾指数;过碘酸雪夫(PAS)染色观测肾脏病理变化;TUNEL法检测肾组织细胞凋亡;Western印迹法检测sirt1-FOXO1通路相关蛋白表达。结果与对照组相比,DN组24 h尿蛋白、FBG、Scr、β2-MG水平、左肾指数、MDA、IL-1β、IL-6水平均显著升高,肾组织匀浆SOD、CAT水平、肾组织sirt1、FOXO1蛋白均显著降低(P<0.05)。与DN组相比,白花丹素低、高剂量组24 h尿蛋白、FBG、Scr、β2-MG水平、左肾指数、MDA、IL-1β、IL-6水平均显著降低,肾组织匀浆SOD、CAT水平、肾组织sirt1、FOXO1蛋白显著升高(P<0.05);EX-527组24 h尿蛋白、FBG、Scr、β2-MG水平、左肾指数、MDA、IL-1β、IL-6水平均显著升高,肾组织匀浆SOD、CAT水平、肾组织sirt1、FOXO1蛋白均显著降低(P<0.05);EX-527可部分削弱白花丹素高剂量对DN大鼠氧化应激损伤的缓解作用。结论白花丹素可能通过激活sirt1-FOXO1通路,缓解DN大鼠氧化应激损伤。

二硫化钼掺杂改性FOX⁃7含能复合材料的热分解特性

为了提高1,1‐二氨基‐2,2‐二硝基乙烯(FOX‐7)的热分解特性,在较低分解活化能下实现能量的快速释放,采用溶剂‐反溶剂的方法制备了掺杂改性的FOX‐7/MoS2含能复合材料。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、热重‐差示扫描量热仪(TG‐DSC)等分析测试手段对复合材料的形貌结构、物相组成、热分解特性、分解活化能进行了表征和测试。结果表明,掺杂改性的FOX‐7/MoS2含能复合材料既可以提高低温阶段的分解温度,又可以催化高温下的分解放热。其中,与原料相比,FOX‐7/MoS2‐5%的低温阶段的分解温度和分解活化能分别提高了6.8℃和78.6 kJ·mol^(-1);高温阶段的分解温度和分解活化能分别降低了23.4℃和340.4 kJ·mol^(-1)。热重‐质谱结果表明,高温阶段FOX‐7/MoS2‐5%产物中CO_(2)的比例从7.3%增加到16.8%,表明MoS_(2)的掺杂改性又促进了高温阶段的分解,使分解更加完全和充分。

Mink Circovirus Can Infect Minks, Foxes and Raccoon Dogs

Dear Editor,Mink circovirus (MiCV), which is clustered in the genus Circovirus of the family Circoviridae, was first described in minks from farms in Dalian, China in 2013 (Lian et al.2014). The complete single-stranded circular genome of the virus is 1,753 nucleotides long and contains two major open reading frames (ORFs), designated ORF1 (Rep gene)and ORF2 (Cap gene)(Lian et al. 2014;Ge et al. 2018).

Male Homosexuality and Foxes in Ji Yun's Zhiguai Collection Tales of the Thatched Cottage

Tales reflecting homosexual relationships between foxes and humans had appeared as early as the Ming Dynasty.With both the increase in prevalence in society and fictional representation of homosexuality during the Ming and Qing Dynasties,the stories of male-male sex between foxes and humans became increasingly popular,demonstrating the popular attitudes toward homosexuality among the Qing literati.In this paper,I analyze late imperial Chinese homosexuality as portrayed in Ji Yun's zhiguai collection uTales of the Thatched Cottage?,(Yuewei Caotang Biji).Zhiguai,or strange tales in English,is a genre of writing featuring ghosts,magical animalhuman shapeshiftings,dreams that intervene in reality,and other supernatural characters and events.These tales are set against a background of strict Confucian orthodoxy and Buddhist beliefs in sexual activity(whether heterosexual or homosexual)as a manifestation of human greed,in a society where everything had its place,in which the boundaries of sexuality were rigidly controlled.I examine what foxes reveal about homosexuality in these tales as they cross the boundary between moral and immoral,healthy and destructive.1 argue that the fox’s homosexual punishment of humanity has two motives:(1)disciplining sexual lasciviousness and(2)karmic retribution for misdeeds in a former life.In these instances,the fox’s ensuing erotic deviancy serves as the vehicle for cautionary tales that demonstrate homosexuality to be a taboo as it punishes greedy desires(sexual or otherwise).

FOXC1在消化系统癌发生发展中作用的研究进展

叉头盒蛋白C1(FOXC1)是一个癌相关的转录因子,在癌发生发展相关的各种信号通路中发挥着重要作用。FOXC1从多个方面参与调控癌细胞,包括增殖、转移、复发等。FOXC1可通过上调癌基因的表达,如细胞周期蛋白D1,促进细胞周期的进展和细胞增殖。FOXC1可促进上皮细胞-间质转化(EMT),在EMT过程中,细胞从极化的上皮细胞转变为具有间质特征的细胞,这有助于肿瘤细胞的浸润和迁移。FOXC1可通过调控与血管生成相关的基因在肿瘤血管生成中发挥作用。FOXCI可通过调控活性氧水平、激活β-catenin的表达等方式增强细胞迁移与侵袭。总之,FOXC1通过多种机制发挥其功能。

FOXM1通过调节KIF20A介导巨噬细胞M2极化对食管鳞状细胞癌细胞的作用

目的 探究叉头转录因子(FOX)M1和驱动蛋白家族(KIF)20A对食管鳞状细胞癌细胞的作用及其可能的作用机制。方法 体外培养正常食管上皮细胞(Het-1A)、人食管鳞状细胞癌细胞(KYSE70)和人急性单核细胞白血病细胞(THP-1)。佛波酯(PMA)诱导THP-1细胞产生M0巨噬细胞。将M0巨噬细胞与KYSE70细胞共培养以获得肿瘤相关巨噬细胞(TAM),收集共培养上清液处理KYSE70细胞,分为空白对照组(不进行转染)、si-NC组(转染si-NC)、si-FOXM1组(转染si-FOXM1)、si-NC+oe-NC组(转染si-NC和oe-NC)、si-FOXM1+oe-NC组(转染si-FOXM1和oe-NC)、si-NC+oe-KIF20A组(转染si-NC和oe-KIF20A)、si-FOXM1+oe-KIF20A组(转染si-FOXM1和oe-KIF20A),荧光素酶报告实验和染色质免疫沉淀(ChIP)-PCR实验检测FOXM1对KIF20A的转录调控作用;实时荧光定量(qRT)-PCR和Western印迹检测FOXM1、KIF20A、精氨酸(Arg)-1、白细胞介素(IL)-10、E-钙黏蛋白(cadherin)和N-cadherin表达;流式细胞术检测TAM细胞中CD68^(+)/CD206^(+)细胞率;EdU实验检测细胞增殖;CCK-8检测细胞活力;Transwell实验检测细胞迁移和侵袭。结果 与Het-1A组相比,KYSE70组细胞中FOXM1和KIF20A表达明显升高(P<0.001)。FOXM1通过靶向结合KIF20A启动子区域调节KIF20A表达。与si-NC+oe-NC组相比,si-FOXM1+oe-NC组TAM细胞中CD68^(+)/CD206^(+)细胞率、Arg-1和IL-10蛋白表达明显降低(P<0.05),si-NC+oe-KIF20A组变化明显升高(P<0.05);与si-FOXM1+oe-NC组相比,si-FOXM1+oe-KIF20A组TAM细胞中CD68^(+)/CD206^(+)细胞率、Arg-1和IL-10蛋白表达明显升高(P<0.05)。用共培养上清液处理KYSE70细胞,与空白对照组相比,TAM组KYSE70细胞活力、增殖、迁移、侵袭和EMT能力受到明显促进(P<0.05);与si-NC+oe-NC+TAM组相比,si-FOXM1+oe-NC+TAM组KYSE70细胞活力、增殖、迁移、侵袭和EMT能力明显抑制,而si-NC+oe-KIF20A+TAM组明显促进(P<0.05);与si-FOXM1+oe-NC+TAM组相比,si-FOXM1+oe-KIF20A+TAM组KYSE70细胞活力、增殖、迁移、侵袭和EMT能力受到明显促进(P<0.05)。结论 FOXM1通过上调KIF20A表达促进巨噬细胞M2极化从而促进KYSE70细胞增殖和转移。