Breeding of male-sterile lines has become the mainstream for the heterosis utilization in foxtail millet,but the genetic basis of most male-sterile lines used for the hybrid is still an area to be elucidated.In this s...Breeding of male-sterile lines has become the mainstream for the heterosis utilization in foxtail millet,but the genetic basis of most male-sterile lines used for the hybrid is still an area to be elucidated.In this study,a highly male-sterile line Gao146A was investigated.Genetic analysis indicated that the highly male-sterile phenotype was controlled by a single recessive gene a single recessive gene.Using F 2 population derived from cross Gao146A/K103,one gene controlling the highly male- sterility,tentatively named as ms1,which linked to SSR marker b234 with genetic distance of 16.7 cM,was mapped on the chromosome VI.These results not only laid the foundation for fine mapping of this highly male-sterile gene,but also helped to accelerate the improvement of highly male-sterile lines by using molecular marker assisted breeding method.展开更多
The effect of cytoplasmic herbicide resistant gene in millet plants was studied. The heterozygous populations and isogenic lines with homocaryotic alloplasmic genes were obtained by crossing and reciprocal crossing of...The effect of cytoplasmic herbicide resistant gene in millet plants was studied. The heterozygous populations and isogenic lines with homocaryotic alloplasmic genes were obtained by crossing and reciprocal crossing of cytoplasmic herbicide resistant plants with susceptive plants of foxtail millet. The characters of F1, F2, backcross and composite cross groups, and the growth and development of isogenic lines were compared. The cytoplasmic herbicide resistant gene slowed the development of seedling, delayed heading, and shortened the milking stage in the foxtail millet plant. Yield capacity and main agronomic characters were all affected by the cytoplasmic herbicide resistant gene in most of the backcross, composite cross, and F2 populations. However, there was stronger hybrid vigor in F1. The backcrosses, composite crosses, and F2 populations were widely separated and some of them had good characters similar to those of susceptive groups. The plant characters and development of foxtail millet were negatively affected by the cytoplasmic herbicide resistant gene. The authors proposed a method of using hybrid vigor to obtain high yield and avoid the negative effects of herbicide resistance cytoplasm in plant growth. The expected results could be obtained by selecting individuals in separate populations of fast developed seedlings, well-developed roots, and with capacities of early heading and fast milking. Guided by the principal mentioned above, many high yield lines and hybrid crosses of foxtail millet with herbicide resistant cytoplasm were obtained.展开更多
【目的】谷子(Setaria italica L.)具有显著耐旱性。研究旨在通过反向遗传学方法分析并鉴定在干旱条件下影响植物萌发过程的重要调控因子,为研究作物干旱条件下种子萌发的调控机制创造条件。【方法】使用Clustal X 2.0和MEGA 5.05软件...【目的】谷子(Setaria italica L.)具有显著耐旱性。研究旨在通过反向遗传学方法分析并鉴定在干旱条件下影响植物萌发过程的重要调控因子,为研究作物干旱条件下种子萌发的调控机制创造条件。【方法】使用Clustal X 2.0和MEGA 5.05软件对谷子SiNAC18蛋白序列及其同源序列进行多序列比对,并构建系统进化树;利用real-time PCR方法检测SiNAC18在不同胁迫条件下的表达模式;通过瞬时转化的方法分析SiNAC18蛋白亚细胞定位;在拟南芥中过表达SiNAC18,分析SiNAC18的生物学功能;分析SiNAC18在转基因拟南芥中可能控制的下游基因。【结果】SiNAC18全长1 074 bp,编码由357个氨基酸组成的亲水性蛋白,分子量约为38.8 k D;系统进化树分析表明SiNAC18属于NAC转录因子家族第Ⅰ组的NAP亚组,与拟南芥基因At NAC29同源性最高;氨基酸序列比对结果显示,SiNAC18与其他物种包括水稻、拟南芥、大豆和玉米中同源性最高的NAC类转录因子蛋白的N端都具有A、B、C、D和E这5个保守结构域,蛋白C端具有高度多态性,证明SiNAC18的N端序列与其结合下游基因启动子元件相关;real-time PCR结果显示,SiNAC18在干旱(PEG)、ABA、高盐(Na Cl)及过氧化氢(H2O2)处理条件下的表达量明显上升;亚细胞定位结果表明SiNAC18蛋白定位于细胞核中;基因功能分析结果显示,在ABA和PEG胁迫处理下,SiNAC18转基因拟南芥与野生型种子的萌发率存在明显差异:在正常生长条件下,野生型拟南芥WT和SiNAC18转基因拟南芥的萌发率基本一致,在PEG浓度为10%和15%的MS培养基上,SiNAC18转基因拟南芥的萌发率显著高于WT。在2和5μmol·L-1 ABA处理条件下,转基因拟南芥的萌发率显著低于WT;下游基因表达分析结果显示,ABA信号途径相关基因At RD29A,脯氨酸合成相关基因At P5CR和At PRODH以及过氧化物酶基因At PRX34在SiNAC18转基因株系中的表达量高于WT中的表达量,表明SiNAC18通过调控这些下游基因影响转基因植物在干旱条件下的萌发率。【结论】谷子NAC类转录因子基因SiNAC18可能通过ABA信号途径、氧化胁迫调控等途径正向调控植物在干旱条件下的萌发过程。展开更多
基金supported by the Postdoctoral Management Committee,China(92948)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province,China(2012011032-1)the Chinese Agricultural Research System(CARS-07)
文摘Breeding of male-sterile lines has become the mainstream for the heterosis utilization in foxtail millet,but the genetic basis of most male-sterile lines used for the hybrid is still an area to be elucidated.In this study,a highly male-sterile line Gao146A was investigated.Genetic analysis indicated that the highly male-sterile phenotype was controlled by a single recessive gene a single recessive gene.Using F 2 population derived from cross Gao146A/K103,one gene controlling the highly male- sterility,tentatively named as ms1,which linked to SSR marker b234 with genetic distance of 16.7 cM,was mapped on the chromosome VI.These results not only laid the foundation for fine mapping of this highly male-sterile gene,but also helped to accelerate the improvement of highly male-sterile lines by using molecular marker assisted breeding method.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province, China （301438）.
文摘The effect of cytoplasmic herbicide resistant gene in millet plants was studied. The heterozygous populations and isogenic lines with homocaryotic alloplasmic genes were obtained by crossing and reciprocal crossing of cytoplasmic herbicide resistant plants with susceptive plants of foxtail millet. The characters of F1, F2, backcross and composite cross groups, and the growth and development of isogenic lines were compared. The cytoplasmic herbicide resistant gene slowed the development of seedling, delayed heading, and shortened the milking stage in the foxtail millet plant. Yield capacity and main agronomic characters were all affected by the cytoplasmic herbicide resistant gene in most of the backcross, composite cross, and F2 populations. However, there was stronger hybrid vigor in F1. The backcrosses, composite crosses, and F2 populations were widely separated and some of them had good characters similar to those of susceptive groups. The plant characters and development of foxtail millet were negatively affected by the cytoplasmic herbicide resistant gene. The authors proposed a method of using hybrid vigor to obtain high yield and avoid the negative effects of herbicide resistance cytoplasm in plant growth. The expected results could be obtained by selecting individuals in separate populations of fast developed seedlings, well-developed roots, and with capacities of early heading and fast milking. Guided by the principal mentioned above, many high yield lines and hybrid crosses of foxtail millet with herbicide resistant cytoplasm were obtained.
