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True-temperature inversion algorithm for a multi-wavelength pyrometer based on fractional-order particle-swarm optimization
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作者 Mei Liang Zhuo Sun +3 位作者 Jiasong Liu Yongsheng Wang Lei Liang Long Zhang 《Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering》 EI CAS CSCD 2024年第1期55-62,共8页
Herein,a method of true-temperature inversion for a multi-wavelength pyrometer based on fractional-order particle-swarm optimization is proposed for difficult inversion problems with unknown emissivity.Fractional-order... Herein,a method of true-temperature inversion for a multi-wavelength pyrometer based on fractional-order particle-swarm optimization is proposed for difficult inversion problems with unknown emissivity.Fractional-order calculus has the inherent advantage of easily jumping out of local extreme values;here,it is introduced into the particle-swarm algorithm to invert the true temperature.An improved adaptive-adjustment mechanism is applied to automatically adjust the current velocity order of the particles and update their velocity and position values,increasing the accuracy of the true temperature values.The results of simulations using the proposed algorithm were compared with three algorithms using typical emissivity models:the internal penalty function algorithm,the optimization function(fmincon)algorithm,and the conventional particle-swarm optimization algorithm.The results show that the proposed algorithm has good accuracy for true-temperature inversion.Actual experimental results from a rocket-motor plume were used to demonstrate that the true-temperature inversion results of this algorithm are in good agreement with the theoretical true-temperature values. 展开更多
关键词 fractional-order particle swarm True-temperature inversion algorithm Multi-wavelength pyrometer
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Intelligent Fractional-Order Controller for SMES Systems in Renewable Energy-Based Microgrid
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作者 Aadel M.Alatwi Abualkasim Bakeer +3 位作者 Sherif A.Zaid Ibrahem E.Atawi Hani Albalawi Ahmed M.Kassem 《Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences》 SCIE EI 2024年第8期1807-1830,共24页
An autonomous microgrid that runs on renewable energy sources is presented in this article.It has a supercon-ducting magnetic energy storage(SMES)device,wind energy-producing devices,and an energy storage battery.Howe... An autonomous microgrid that runs on renewable energy sources is presented in this article.It has a supercon-ducting magnetic energy storage(SMES)device,wind energy-producing devices,and an energy storage battery.However,because such microgrids are nonlinear and the energy they create varies with time,controlling and managing the energy inside them is a difficult issue.Fractional-order proportional integral(FOPI)controller is recommended for the current research to enhance a standalone microgrid’s energy management and performance.The suggested dedicated control for the SMES comprises two loops:the outer loop,which uses the FOPI to regulate the DC-link voltage,and the inner loop,responsible for regulating the SMES current,is constructed using the intelligent FOPI(iFOPI).The FOPI+iFOPI parameters are best developed using the dandelion optimizer(DO)approach to achieve the optimum performance.The suggested FOPI+iFOPI controller’s performance is contrasted with a conventional PI controller for variations in wind speed and microgrid load.The optimal FOPI+iFOPI controller manages the voltage and frequency of the load.The behavior of the microgrid as a reaction to step changes in load and wind speed was measured using the proposed controller.MATLAB simulations were used to evaluate the recommended system’s performance.The results of the simulations showed that throughout all interruptions,the recommended microgrid provided the load with AC power with a constant amplitude and frequency.In addition,the required load demand was accurately reduced.Furthermore,the microgrid functioned incredibly well despite SMES and varying wind speeds.Results obtained under identical conditions were compared with and without the best FOPI+iFOPI controller.When utilizing the optimal FOPI+iFOPI controller with SMES,it was found that the microgrid performed better than the microgrid without SMES. 展开更多
关键词 fractional-order proportional integral(FOPI) intelligent controller renewable energy resources superconducting magnetic energy storage OPTIMIZATION
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Spatial-temporal differentiation and influencing factors of rural settlements in mountainous areas: an example of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Southwestern China
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作者 WANG Yumeng DENG Qingchun +3 位作者 YANG Haiqing LIU Hui YANG Feng ZHAO Yakai 《Journal of Mountain Science》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第1期218-235,共18页
Rural settlement is the basic spatial unit for compact communities in rural area. Scientific exploration of spatial-temporal differentiation and its influencing factors is the premise of spatial layout rationalization... Rural settlement is the basic spatial unit for compact communities in rural area. Scientific exploration of spatial-temporal differentiation and its influencing factors is the premise of spatial layout rationalization. Based on land use data of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture(hereinafter referred to as Liangshan Prefecture) in Sichuan Province, China from 1980 to 2020, compactness index, fractal dimension, imbalance index, location entropy and the optimal parameters-based geographical detector(OPGD) model are used to analyze the spatial-temporal evolution of the morphological characteristics of rural settlements, and to explore the influence of natural geographical factors, socioeconomic factors, and policy factors on the spatial differentiation of rural settlements. The results show that:(1) From 1980 to 2020, the rural settlements area in Liangshan Prefecture increased by 15.96 km^(2). In space, the rural settlements are generally distributed in a local aggregation, dense in the middle and sparse around the periphery. In 2015, the spatial density and expansion index of rural settlements reached the peak.(2) From 1980 to 2020, the compactness index decreased from 0.7636 to 0.7496, the fractal dimension increased from 1.0283 to 1.0314, and the fragmentation index decreased from 0.1183 to 0.1047. The spatial morphological structure of rural settlements tended to be loose, the shape contour tended to be complex, the degree of fragmentation decreased, and the spatial distribution was significantly imbalanced.(3) The results of OPGD detection in 2015 show that the influence of each factor is slope(0.2371) > traffic accessibility(0.2098) > population(0.1403) > regional GDP(0.1325) > elevation(0.0987) > poverty alleviation(0). The results of OPGD detection in 2020 show that the influence of each factor is slope(0.2339) > traffic accessibility(0.2198) > population(0.1432) > regional GDP(0.1219) > poverty alleviation(0.0992) > elevation(0.093). Natural geographical factors(slope and elevation) are the basic factors affecting the spatial distribution of rural settlements, and rural settlements are widely distributed in the river valley plain and the second half mountain area. Socioeconomic factors(traffic accessibility, population, and regional GDP) have a greater impact on the spatial distribution of rural settlements, which is an important factor affecting the spatial distribution of rural settlements. Policy factors such as poverty alleviation relocation have an indispensable impact on the spatial distribution of rural settlements. The research results can provide decisionmaking basis for the spatial arrangement of rural settlements in Liangshan Prefecture, and optimize the implementation of rural revitalization policies. 展开更多
关键词 Rural settlements Location entropy Geographical detector Spatiotemporal differentiation Influencing factors
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An overview of autophagy in the differentiation of dental stem cells
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作者 XITONG ZHAO TIANJUAN JU +3 位作者 XINWEI LI CHANGFENG LIU LULU WANG LI-AN WU 《BIOCELL》 SCIE 2024年第1期47-64,共18页
Dental stem cells(DSCs)have attracted significant interest as autologous stem cells since they are easily accessible and give a minimal immune response.These properties and their ability to both maintain self-renewal ... Dental stem cells(DSCs)have attracted significant interest as autologous stem cells since they are easily accessible and give a minimal immune response.These properties and their ability to both maintain self-renewal and undergo multi-lineage differentiation establish them as key players in regenerative medicine.While many regulatory factors determine the differentiation trajectory of DSCs,prior research has predominantly been based on genetic,epigenetic,and molecular aspects.Recent evidence suggests that DSC differentiation can also be influenced by autophagy,a highly conserved cellular process responsible for maintaining cellular and tissue homeostasis under various stress conditions.This comprehensive review endeavors to elucidate the intricate regulatory mechanism and relationship between autophagy and DSC differentiation.To achieve this goal,we dissect the intricacies of autophagy and its mechanisms.Subsequently,we elucidate its pivotal roles in impacting DSC differentiation,including osteo/odontogenic,neurogenic,and angiogenic trajectories.Furthermore,we reveal the regulatory factors that govern autophagy in DSC lineage commitment,including scaffold materials,pharmaceutical cues,and the extrinsic milieu.The implications of this review are far-reaching,underpinning the potential to wield autophagy as a regulatory tool to expedite DSC-directed differentiation and thereby promote the application of DSCs within the realm of regenerative medicine. 展开更多
关键词 Dental stem cells Cell differentiation AUTOPHAGY MITOPHAGY Autophagy regulation
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The environment,especially the minimum temperature,affects summer maize grain yield by regulating ear differentiation and grain development
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作者 Jing Chen Baizhao Ren +2 位作者 Bin Zhao Peng Liu Jiwang Zhang 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第7期2227-2241,共15页
Ear differentiation,grain development and their interaction with factors in the growing environment,such as temperature,solar radiation and precipitation,greatly influence grain number and grain weight,and ultimately ... Ear differentiation,grain development and their interaction with factors in the growing environment,such as temperature,solar radiation and precipitation,greatly influence grain number and grain weight,and ultimately affect summer maize production.In this study,field experiments involving different sowing dates were conducted over three years to evaluate the effects of temperature factors,average solar radiation and total precipitation on the growth process,ear differentiation,fertilization characteristics,grain filling and yield of summer maize varieties with different growth durations.Four hybrids were evaluated in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain(HHHP),China from 2018 to 2020 with five different sowing dates.The results showed that the grain yield formation of summer maize was strongly impacted by the environment from the silking(R1)to milking(R3)stage.Average minimum temperature(ATmin)was the key environmental factor that determined yield.Reductions in the length of the growing season(r=–0.556,P<0.01)and the total floret number on ear(R^(2)=0.200,P<0.001)were found when ATmin was elevated from the emerging(VE)to R1 stage.Both grain-filling rate(R^(2)=0.520,P<0.001)and the floret abortion rate on ear(R^(2)=0.437,P<0.001)showed quadratic relationships with ATmin from the R1 to physiological maturity(R6)stage,while the number of days after the R1 stage(r=–0.756,P<0.01)was negatively correlated with ATmin.An increase in ATmin was beneficial for the promotion of yield when it did not exceeded a certain level(above 23°C during the R1–R3 stage and 20–21°C during the R1-R6 stage).Enhanced solar radiation and precipitation during R1–R6 increased the grain-filling rate(R^(2)=0.562,P<0.001 and R^(2)=0.229,P<0.05,respectively).Compared with short-season hybrids,full-season hybrids showed much greater suitability for a critical environment.The coordinated regulation of ATmin,ear differentiation and grain development at the pre-and post-silking stages improved maize yield by increasing total floret number and grain-filling rate,and by reducing the floret abortion rate on ear. 展开更多
关键词 sowing date hybrid maturity growing environment ear differentiation and grain development
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O-linkedβ-N-acetylglucosaminylation may be a key regulatory factor in promoting osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells
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作者 Xu-Chang Zhou Guo-Xin Ni 《World Journal of Stem Cells》 SCIE 2024年第3期228-231,共4页
Cumulative evidence suggests that O-linkedβ-N-acetylglucosaminylation(OGlcNAcylation)plays an important regulatory role in pathophysiological processes.Although the regulatory mechanisms of O-GlcNAcylation in tumors ... Cumulative evidence suggests that O-linkedβ-N-acetylglucosaminylation(OGlcNAcylation)plays an important regulatory role in pathophysiological processes.Although the regulatory mechanisms of O-GlcNAcylation in tumors have been gradually elucidated,the potential mechanisms of O-GlcNAcylation in bone metabolism,particularly,in the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells(BMSCs)remains unexplored.In this study,the literature related to O-GlcNAcylation and BMSC osteogenic differentiation was reviewed,assuming that it could trigger more scholars to focus on research related to OGlcNAcylation and bone metabolism and provide insights into the development of novel therapeutic targets for bone metabolism disorders such as osteoporosis. 展开更多
关键词 O-GLCNACYLATION Osteogenic differentiation Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells OSTEOPOROSIS
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T2-weighted imaging-based radiomic-clinical machine learning model for predicting the differentiation of colorectal adenocarcinoma
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作者 Hui-Da Zheng Qiao-Yi Huang +4 位作者 Qi-Ming Huang Xiao-Ting Ke Kai Ye Shu Lin Jian-Hua Xu 《World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology》 SCIE 2024年第3期819-832,共14页
BACKGROUND The study on predicting the differentiation grade of colorectal cancer(CRC)based on magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)has not been reported yet.Developing a non-invasive model to predict the differentiation gr... BACKGROUND The study on predicting the differentiation grade of colorectal cancer(CRC)based on magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)has not been reported yet.Developing a non-invasive model to predict the differentiation grade of CRC is of great value.AIM To develop and validate machine learning-based models for predicting the differ-entiation grade of CRC based on T2-weighted images(T2WI).METHODS We retrospectively collected the preoperative imaging and clinical data of 315 patients with CRC who underwent surgery from March 2018 to July 2023.Patients were randomly assigned to a training cohort(n=220)or a validation cohort(n=95)at a 7:3 ratio.Lesions were delineated layer by layer on high-resolution T2WI.Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression was applied to screen for radiomic features.Radiomics and clinical models were constructed using the multilayer perceptron(MLP)algorithm.These radiomic features and clinically relevant variables(selected based on a significance level of P<0.05 in the training set)were used to construct radiomics-clinical models.The performance of the three models(clinical,radiomic,and radiomic-clinical model)were evaluated using the area under the curve(AUC),calibration curve and decision curve analysis(DCA).RESULTS After feature selection,eight radiomic features were retained from the initial 1781 features to construct the radiomic model.Eight different classifiers,including logistic regression,support vector machine,k-nearest neighbours,random forest,extreme trees,extreme gradient boosting,light gradient boosting machine,and MLP,were used to construct the model,with MLP demonstrating the best diagnostic performance.The AUC of the radiomic-clinical model was 0.862(95%CI:0.796-0.927)in the training cohort and 0.761(95%CI:0.635-0.887)in the validation cohort.The AUC for the radiomic model was 0.796(95%CI:0.723-0.869)in the training cohort and 0.735(95%CI:0.604-0.866)in the validation cohort.The clinical model achieved an AUC of 0.751(95%CI:0.661-0.842)in the training cohort and 0.676(95%CI:0.525-0.827)in the validation cohort.All three models demonstrated good accuracy.In the training cohort,the AUC of the radiomic-clinical model was significantly greater than that of the clinical model(P=0.005)and the radiomic model(P=0.016).DCA confirmed the clinical practicality of incorporating radiomic features into the diagnostic process.CONCLUSION In this study,we successfully developed and validated a T2WI-based machine learning model as an auxiliary tool for the preoperative differentiation between well/moderately and poorly differentiated CRC.This novel approach may assist clinicians in personalizing treatment strategies for patients and improving treatment efficacy. 展开更多
关键词 Radiomics Colorectal cancer differentiation grade Machine learning T2-weighted imaging
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How mesenchymal stem cells transform into adipocytes:Overview of the current understanding of adipogenic differentiation
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作者 Shan-Shan Liu Xiang Fang +5 位作者 Xin Wen Ji-Shan Liu Miribangvl Alip Tian Sun Yuan-Yuan Wang Hong-Wei Chen 《World Journal of Stem Cells》 SCIE 2024年第3期245-256,共12页
Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are stem/progenitor cells capable of self-renewal and differentiation into osteoblasts,chondrocytes and adipocytes.The transformation of multipotent MSCs to adipocytes mainly involves two s... Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are stem/progenitor cells capable of self-renewal and differentiation into osteoblasts,chondrocytes and adipocytes.The transformation of multipotent MSCs to adipocytes mainly involves two subsequent steps from MSCs to preadipocytes and further preadipocytes into adipocytes,in which the process MSCs are precisely controlled to commit to the adipogenic lineage and then mature into adipocytes.Previous studies have shown that the master transcription factors C/enhancer-binding protein alpha and peroxisome proliferation activator receptor gamma play vital roles in adipogenesis.However,the mechanism underlying the adipogenic differentiation of MSCs is not fully understood.Here,the current knowledge of adipogenic differentiation in MSCs is reviewed,focusing on signaling pathways,noncoding RNAs and epigenetic effects on DNA methylation and acetylation during MSC differentiation.Finally,the relationship between maladipogenic differentiation and diseases is briefly discussed.We hope that this review can broaden and deepen our understanding of how MSCs turn into adipocytes. 展开更多
关键词 Mesenchymal stem cell Adipogenic differentiation Signaling pathway Noncoding RNA Epigenetic regulation
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Identifying Brand Consistency by Product Differentiation Using CNN
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作者 Hung-Hsiang Wang Chih-Ping Chen 《Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences》 SCIE EI 2024年第7期685-709,共25页
This paper presents a new method of using a convolutional neural network(CNN)in machine learning to identify brand consistency by product appearance variation.In Experiment 1,we collected fifty mouse devices from the ... This paper presents a new method of using a convolutional neural network(CNN)in machine learning to identify brand consistency by product appearance variation.In Experiment 1,we collected fifty mouse devices from the past thirty-five years from a renowned company to build a dataset consisting of product pictures with pre-defined design features of their appearance and functions.Results show that it is a challenge to distinguish periods for the subtle evolution of themouse devices with such traditionalmethods as time series analysis and principal component analysis(PCA).In Experiment 2,we applied deep learning to predict the extent to which the product appearance variation ofmouse devices of various brands.The investigation collected 6,042 images ofmouse devices and divided theminto the Early Stage and the Late Stage.Results show the highest accuracy of 81.4%with the CNNmodel,and the evaluation score of brand style consistency is 0.36,implying that the brand consistency score converted by the CNN accuracy rate is not always perfect in the real world.The relationship between product appearance variation,brand style consistency,and evaluation score is beneficial for predicting new product styles and future product style roadmaps.In addition,the CNN heat maps highlight the critical areas of design features of different styles,providing alternative clues related to the blurred boundary.The study provides insights into practical problems for designers,manufacturers,and marketers in product design.It not only contributes to the scientific understanding of design development,but also provides industry professionals with practical tools and methods to improve the design process and maintain brand consistency.Designers can use these techniques to find features that influence brand style.Then,capture these features as innovative design elements and maintain core brand values. 展开更多
关键词 Machine learning product differentiation brand consistency principal component analysis convolutional neural network computer mouse
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HHO optimized support vector machine classifier for traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation of diabetic retinopathy
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作者 Li Xiao Cheng-Wu Wang +4 位作者 Ying Deng Yi-Jing Yang Jing Lu Jun-Feng Yan Qing-Hua Peng 《International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)》 SCIE CAS 2024年第6期991-1000,共10页
AIM:To develop a classifier for traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome differentiation of diabetic retinopathy(DR),using optimized machine learning algorithms,which can provide the basis for TCM objective and intel... AIM:To develop a classifier for traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome differentiation of diabetic retinopathy(DR),using optimized machine learning algorithms,which can provide the basis for TCM objective and intelligent syndrome differentiation.METHODS:Collated data on real-world DR cases were collected.A variety of machine learning methods were used to construct TCM syndrome classification model,and the best performance was selected as the basic model.Genetic Algorithm(GA)was used for feature selection to obtain the optimal feature combination.Harris Hawk Optimization(HHO)was used for parameter optimization,and a classification model based on feature selection and parameter optimization was constructed.The performance of the model was compared with other optimization algorithms.The models were evaluated with accuracy,precision,recall,and F1 score as indicators.RESULTS:Data on 970 cases that met screening requirements were collected.Support Vector Machine(SVM)was the best basic classification model.The accuracy rate of the model was 82.05%,the precision rate was 82.34%,the recall rate was 81.81%,and the F1 value was 81.76%.After GA screening,the optimal feature combination contained 37 feature values,which was consistent with TCM clinical practice.The model based on optimal combination and SVM(GA_SVM)had an accuracy improvement of 1.92%compared to the basic classifier.SVM model based on HHO and GA optimization(HHO_GA_SVM)had the best performance and convergence speed compared with other optimization algorithms.Compared with the basic classification model,the accuracy was improved by 3.51%.CONCLUSION:HHO and GA optimization can improve the model performance of SVM in TCM syndrome differentiation of DR.It provides a new method and research idea for TCM intelligent assisted syndrome differentiation. 展开更多
关键词 traditional Chinese medicine diabetic retinopathy Harris Hawk Optimization Support Vector Machine syndrome differentiation
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RPLP0/TBP are the most stable reference genes for human dental pulp stem cells under osteogenic differentiation
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作者 Daniel B Ferreira Leticia M Gasparoni +1 位作者 Cristiane F Bronzeri Katiucia B S Paiva 《World Journal of Stem Cells》 SCIE 2024年第6期656-669,共14页
BACKGROUND Validation of the reference gene(RG)stability during experimental analyses is essential for correct quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)data normalisation.Commonly,in an unreliable way,... BACKGROUND Validation of the reference gene(RG)stability during experimental analyses is essential for correct quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)data normalisation.Commonly,in an unreliable way,several studies use genes involved in essential cellular functions[glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydro-genase(GAPDH),18S rRNA,andβ-actin]without paying attention to whether they are suitable for such experimental conditions or the reason for choosing such genes.Furthermore,such studies use only one gene when Minimum Information for Publication of Quantitative Real-Time PCR Experiments guidelines recom-mend two or more genes.It impacts the credibility of these studies and causes dis-tortions in the gene expression findings.For tissue engineering,the accuracy of gene expression drives the best experimental or therapeutical approaches.We cultivated DPSCs under two conditions:Undifferentiated and osteogenic dif-ferentiation,both for 35 d.We evaluated the gene expression of 10 candidates for RGs[ribosomal protein,large,P0(RPLP0),TATA-binding protein(TBP),GAPDH,actin beta(ACTB),tubulin(TUB),aminolevulinic acid synthase 1(ALAS1),tyro-sine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein,zeta(YWHAZ),eukaryotic translational elongation factor 1 alpha(EF1a),succinate dehydrogenase complex,subunit A,flavoprotein(SDHA),and beta-2-micro-globulin(B2M)]every 7 d(1,7,14,21,28,and 35 d)by RT-qPCR.The data were analysed by the four main algorithms,ΔCt method,geNorm,NormFinder,and BestKeeper and ranked by the RefFinder method.We subdivided the samples into eight subgroups.RESULTS All of the data sets from clonogenic and osteogenic samples were analysed using the RefFinder algorithm.The final ranking showed RPLP0/TBP as the two most stable RGs and TUB/B2M as the two least stable RGs.Either theΔCt method or NormFinder analysis showed TBP/RPLP0 as the two most stable genes.However,geNorm analysis showed RPLP0/EF1αin the first place.These algorithms’two least stable RGs were B2M/GAPDH.For BestKeeper,ALAS1 was ranked as the most stable RG,and SDHA as the least stable RG.The pair RPLP0/TBP was detected in most subgroups as the most stable RGs,following the RefFinfer ranking.CONCLUSION For the first time,we show that RPLP0/TBP are the most stable RGs,whereas TUB/B2M are unstable RGs for long-term osteogenic differentiation of human DPSCs in traditional monolayers. 展开更多
关键词 Dental pulp stem cells Reference gene Housekeeping gene Endogenous gene Osteogenic differentiation RefFinder
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Photobiomodulation:a novel approach to promote trans-differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells into neuronal-like cells
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作者 Daniella Da Silva Madeleen Jansen van Rensburg +1 位作者 Anine Crous Heidi Abrahamse 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS 2025年第2期598-608,共11页
Photobiomodulation,originally used red and near-infrared lasers,can alter cellular metabolism.It has been demonstrated that the visible spectrum at 451-540 nm does not necessarily increase cell proliferation,near-infr... Photobiomodulation,originally used red and near-infrared lasers,can alter cellular metabolism.It has been demonstrated that the visible spectrum at 451-540 nm does not necessarily increase cell proliferation,near-infrared light promotes adipose stem cell proliferation and affects adipose stem cell migration,which is necessary for the cells homing to the site of injury.In this in vitro study,we explored the potential of adipose-derived stem cells to differentiate into neurons for future translational regenerative treatments in neurodegenerative disorders and brain injuries.We investigated the effects of various biological and chemical inducers on trans-differentiation and evaluated the impact of photobiomodulation using 825 nm near-infrared and 525 nm green laser light at 5 J/cm2.As adipose-derived stem cells can be used in autologous grafting and photobiomodulation has been shown to have biostimulatory effects.Our findings reveal that adipose-derived stem cells can indeed trans-differentiate into neuronal cells when exposed to inducers,with pre-induced cells exhibiting higher rates of proliferation and trans-differentiation compared with the control group.Interestingly,green laser light stimulation led to notable morphological changes indicative of enhanced trans-differentiation,while near-infrared photobiomodulation notably increased the expression of neuronal markers.Through biochemical analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays,we observed marked improvements in viability,proliferation,membrane permeability,and mitochondrial membrane potential,as well as increased protein levels of neuron-specific enolase and ciliary neurotrophic factor.Overall,our results demonstrate the efficacy of photobiomodulation in enhancing the trans-differentiation ability of adipose-derived stem cells,offering promising prospects for their use in regenerative medicine for neurodegenerative disorders and brain injuries. 展开更多
关键词 differentiation inducers green photobiomodulation immortalized adipose-derived stem cell near-infrared photobiomodulation neurodegenerative disease NEUROGENESIS PHOTOBIOMODULATION TRANS-differentiation
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Exercise promotes osteogenic differentiation by activating the long non-coding RNA H19/microRNA-149 axis
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作者 Xu-Chang Zhou Dong-Xue Wang +4 位作者 Chun-Yu Zhang Ya-Jing Yang Ruo-Bing Zhao Sheng-Yao Liu Guo-Xin Ni 《World Journal of Orthopedics》 2024年第4期363-378,共16页
BACKGROUND Regular physical activity during childhood and adolescence is beneficial to bone development,as evidenced by the ability to increase bone density and peak bone mass by promoting bone formation.AIM To invest... BACKGROUND Regular physical activity during childhood and adolescence is beneficial to bone development,as evidenced by the ability to increase bone density and peak bone mass by promoting bone formation.AIM To investigate the effects of exercise on bone formation in growing mice and to investigate the underlying mechanisms.METHODS 20 growing mice were randomly divided into two groups:Con group(control group,n=10)and Ex group(treadmill exercise group,n=10).Hematoxylin-eosin staining,immunohistochemistry,and micro-CT scanning were used to assess the bone formation-related indexes of the mouse femur.Bioinformatics analysis was used to find potential miRNAs targets of long non-coding RNA H19(lncRNA H19).RT-qPCR and Western Blot were used to confirm potential miRNA target genes of lncRNA H19 and the role of lncRNA H19 in promoting osteogenic differentiation.RESULTS Compared with the Con group,the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2 was also significantly increased.The micro-CT results showed that 8 wk moderate-intensity treadmill exercise significantly increased bone mineral density,bone volume fraction,and the number of trabeculae,and decreased trabecular segregation in the femur of mice.Inhibition of lncRNA H19 significantly upregulated the expression of miR-149 and suppressed the expression of markers of osteogenic differentiation.In addition,knockdown of lncRNA H19 significantly downregulated the expression of autophagy markers,which is consistent with the results of autophagy-related protein changes detected in mouse femurs by immunofluorescence.CONCLUSION Appropriate treadmill exercise can effectively stimulate bone formation and promote the increase of bone density and bone volume in growing mice,thus enhancing the peak bone mass of mice.The lncRNA H19/miR-149 axis plays an important regulatory role in osteogenic differentiation. 展开更多
关键词 EXERCISE Osteogenic differentiation Bone formation Bone mesenchymal stem cells AUTOPHAGY
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Patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells with a MERTK mutation exhibit cell junction abnormalities and aberrant cellular differentiation potential
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作者 Hang Zhang Ling-Zi Wu +1 位作者 Zhen-Yu Liu Zi-Bing Jin 《World Journal of Stem Cells》 SCIE 2024年第5期512-524,共13页
BACKGROUND Human induced pluripotent stem cell(hiPSC)technology is a valuable tool for generating patient-specific stem cells,facilitating disease modeling,and invest-igating disease mechanisms.However,iPSCs carrying ... BACKGROUND Human induced pluripotent stem cell(hiPSC)technology is a valuable tool for generating patient-specific stem cells,facilitating disease modeling,and invest-igating disease mechanisms.However,iPSCs carrying specific mutations may limit their clinical applications due to certain inherent characteristics.AIM To investigate the impact of MERTK mutations on hiPSCs and determine whether hiPSC-derived extracellular vesicles(EVs)influence anomalous cell junction and differentiation potential.METHODS We employed a non-integrating reprogramming technique to generate peripheral blood-derived hiPSCs with and hiPSCs without a MERTK mutation.Chromo-somal karyotype analysis,flow cytometry,and immunofluorescent staining were utilized for hiPSC identification.Transcriptomics and proteomics were employed to elucidate the expression patterns associated with cell junction abnormalities and cellular differentiation potential.Additionally,EVs were isolated from the supernatant,and their RNA and protein cargos were examined to investigate the involvement of hiPSC-derived EVs in stem cell junction and differentiation.RESULTS The generated hiPSCs,both with and without a MERTK mutation,exhibited normal karyotype and expressed pluripotency markers;however,hiPSCs with a MERTK mutation demonstrated anomalous adhesion capability and differentiation potential,as confirmed by transcriptomic and proteomic profiling.Furthermore,hiPSC-derived EVs were involved in various biological processes,including cell junction and differentiation.CONCLUSION HiPSCs with a MERTK mutation displayed altered junction characteristics and aberrant differentiation potential.Furthermore,hiPSC-derived EVs played a regulatory role in various biological processes,including cell junction and differentiation. 展开更多
关键词 Cell junction Cellular differentiation Extracellular vesicle Human induced pluripotent stem cells TRANSCRIPTOMICS Proteomics
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Cardiac differentiation is modulated by anti-apoptotic signals in murine embryonic stem cells
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作者 Amani Yehya Joseph Azar +4 位作者 Mohamad Al-Fares Helene Boeuf Wassim Abou-Kheir Dana Zeineddine Ola Hadadeh 《World Journal of Stem Cells》 SCIE 2024年第5期551-559,共9页
BACKGROUND Embryonic stem cells(ESCs)serve as a crucial ex vivo model,representing epiblast cells derived from the inner cell mass of blastocyst-stage embryos.ESCs exhibit a unique combination of self-renewal potency,... BACKGROUND Embryonic stem cells(ESCs)serve as a crucial ex vivo model,representing epiblast cells derived from the inner cell mass of blastocyst-stage embryos.ESCs exhibit a unique combination of self-renewal potency,unlimited proliferation,and pluripotency.The latter is evident by the ability of the isolated cells to differ-entiate spontaneously into multiple cell lineages,representing the three primary embryonic germ layers.Multiple regulatory networks guide ESCs,directing their self-renewal and lineage-specific differentiation.Apoptosis,or programmed cell death,emerges as a key event involved in sculpting and forming various organs and structures ensuring proper embryonic development.How-ever,the molecular mechanisms underlying the dynamic interplay between diffe-rentiation and apoptosis remain poorly understood.AIM To investigate the regulatory impact of apoptosis on the early differentiation of ESCs into cardiac cells,using mouse ESC(mESC)models-mESC-B-cell lym-phoma 2(BCL-2),mESC-PIM-2,and mESC-metallothionein-1(MET-1)-which overexpress the anti-apoptotic genes Bcl-2,Pim-2,and Met-1,respectively.METHODS mESC-T2(wild-type),mESC-BCL-2,mESC-PIM-2,and mESC-MET-1 have been used to assess the effect of potentiated apoptotic signals on cardiac differentiation.The hanging drop method was adopted to generate embryoid bodies(EBs)and induce terminal differentiation of mESCs.The size of the generated EBs was measured in each condition compared to the wild type.At the functional level,the percentage of cardiac differentiation was measured by calculating the number of beating cardiomyocytes in the manipulated mESCs compared to the control.At the molecular level,quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to assess the mRNA expression of three cardiac markers:Troponin T,GATA4,and NKX2.5.Additionally,troponin T protein expression was evaluated through immunofluorescence and western blot assays.RESULTS Our findings showed that the upregulation of Bcl-2,Pim-2,and Met-1 genes led to a reduction in the size of the EBs derived from the manipulated mESCs,in comparison with their wild-type counterpart.Additionally,a decrease in the count of beating cardiomyocytes among differentiated cells was observed.Furthermore,the mRNA expression of three cardiac markers-troponin T,GATA4,and NKX2.5-was diminished in mESCs overexpressing the three anti-apoptotic genes compared to the control cell line.Moreover,the overexpression of the anti-apoptotic genes resulted in a reduction in troponin T protein expression.CONCLUSION Our findings revealed that the upregulation of Bcl-2,Pim-2,and Met-1 genes altered cardiac differentiation,providing insight into the intricate interplay between apoptosis and ESC fate determination. 展开更多
关键词 Mouse embryonic stem cells SELF-RENEWAL Apoptosis Cardiac differentiation B-cell lymphoma 2 PIM-2 Metallothionein-1
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Characteristics of early gastric tumors with different differentiation and predictors of long-term outcomes after endoscopic submucosal dissection
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作者 Hong-Yi Zhu Jie Wu +7 位作者 Yuan-Miao Zhang Fang-Lan Li Jin Yang Bin Qin Jiong Jiang Ning Zhu Meng-Yao Chen Bai-Cang Zou 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2024年第14期1990-2005,共16页
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract,and endosco-pic submucosal dissection(ESD)is the preferred treatment for early-stage gastric cancer.The analysis of the epidemiological char... BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract,and endosco-pic submucosal dissection(ESD)is the preferred treatment for early-stage gastric cancer.The analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of gastric mucosal tumors with different differentiation degrees and the influencing factors of long-term ESD efficacy may have certain significance for revealing the development of gastric cancer and ESD.AIM To analyze the features of gastric mucosal tumors at different differentiation levels,and to explore the prognostic factors of ESD.METHODS We retrospectively studied 301 lesions in 285 patients at The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from 2014 to 2021,according to the latest Japanese guidelines(sixth edition),and divided them into low-grade intrae-pithelial neoplasia(LGIN),high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(HGIN),and computed tomography at 3,6 and 12 months after ESD.We compared clinicopathologic characteristics,ESD efficacy,and complications with different degrees of differentiation,and analyzed the related factors associated with ESD.RESULTS HGIN and differentiated carcinoma patients were significantly older compared with LGIN patients(P<0.001)and accounted for more 0-IIc(P<0.001),atrophic gastritis was common(P<0.001),and irregular microvascular patterns(IMVPs)and demarcation lines(DLs)were more obvious(P<0.001).There was more infiltration in the undifferentiated carcinoma tissue(P<0.001),more abnormal folds and poorer mucosal peristalsis(P<0.001),and more obvious IMVPs,irregular microsurface patterns and DLs(P<0.05)than in the LGIN and HGIN tissues.The disease-free survival rates at 2,5,and 8 years after ESD were 95.0%,90.1%,and 86.9%,respectively.Undifferen-tiated lesions(HR 5.066),white moss(HR 7.187),incomplete resection(HR 3.658),and multiple primary cancers(HR 2.462)were significantly associated with poor prognosis.CONCLUSION Differentiations of gastric mucosal tumors have different epidemiological and endoscopic characteristics,which are closely related to the safety and efficacy of ESD. 展开更多
关键词 Gastric mucosal epithelial neoplasia differentiated early gastric cancer Undifferentiated early gastric cancer Endoscopic submucosal dissection Long-term outcomes
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Maintaining moderate levels of hypochlorous acid promotes neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation in the recovery phase of stroke
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作者 Lin-Yan Huang Yi-De Zhang +9 位作者 Jie Chen Hai-Di Fan Wan Wang Bin Wang Ju-Yun Ma Peng-Peng Li Hai-Wei Pu Xin-Yian Guo Jian-Gang Shen Su-Hua Qi 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS 2025年第3期845-857,共13页
It has been shown clinically that continuous removal of ischemia/reperfusion-induced reactive oxygen species is not conducive to the recovery of late stroke.Indeed,previous studies have shown that excessive increases ... It has been shown clinically that continuous removal of ischemia/reperfusion-induced reactive oxygen species is not conducive to the recovery of late stroke.Indeed,previous studies have shown that excessive increases in hypochlorous acid after stroke can cause severe damage to brain tissue.Our previous studies have found that a small amount of hypochlorous acid still exists in the later stage of stroke,but its specific role and mechanism are currently unclear.To simulate stroke in vivo,a middle cerebral artery occlusion rat model was established,with an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation model established in vitro to mimic stroke.We found that in the early stage(within 24 hours)of ischemic stroke,neutrophils produced a large amount of hypochlorous acid,while in the recovery phase(10 days after stroke),microglia were activated and produced a small amount of hypochlorous acid.Further,in acute stroke in rats,hypochlorous acid production was prevented using a hypochlorous acid scavenger,taurine,or myeloperoxidase inhibitor,4-aminobenzoic acid hydrazide.Our results showed that high levels of hypochlorous acid(200μM)induced neuronal apoptosis after oxygen/glucose deprivation/reoxygenation.However,in the recovery phase of the middle cerebral artery occlusion model,a moderate level of hypochlorous acid promoted the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells into neurons and astrocytes.This suggests that hypochlorous acid plays different roles at different phases of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.Lower levels of hypochlorous acid(5 and 100μM)promoted nuclear translocation ofβ-catenin.By transfection of single-site mutation plasmids,we found that hypochlorous acid induced chlorination of theβ-catenin tyrosine 30 residue,which promoted nuclear translocation.Altogether,our study indicates that maintaining low levels of hypochlorous acid plays a key role in the recovery of neurological function. 展开更多
关键词 cell differentiation cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury CHLORINATION hypochlorous acid MICROGLIA neural stem cell NEUROGENESIS nuclear translocation stroke β-catenin
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High-speed train cooperativecontrol based on fractional-ordersliding mode adaptive algorithm
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作者 Junting Lin Mingjun Ni Huadian Liang 《Railway Sciences》 2023年第1期84-100,共17页
Purpose–This study aims to propose an adaptive fractional-order sliding mode controller to solve the problem of train speed tracking control and position interval control under disturbance environment in moving block... Purpose–This study aims to propose an adaptive fractional-order sliding mode controller to solve the problem of train speed tracking control and position interval control under disturbance environment in moving block system,so as to improve the tracking efficiency and collision avoidance performance.Design/methodology/approach–The mathematical model of information interaction between trains is established based on algebraic graph theory,so that the train can obtain the state information of adjacent trains,and then realize the distributed cooperative control of each train.In the controller design,the sliding mode control and fractional calculus are combined to avoid the discontinuous switching phenomenon,so as to suppress the chattering of sliding mode control,and a parameter adaptive law is constructed to approximate the time-varying operating resistance coefficient.Findings–The simulation results show that compared with proportional integral derivative(PID)control and ordinary sliding mode control,the control accuracy of the proposed algorithm in terms of speed is,respectively,improved by 25%and 75%.The error frequency and fluctuation range of the proposed algorithm are reduced in the position error control,the error value tends to 0,and the operation trend tends to be consistent.Therefore,the control method can improve the control accuracy of the system and prove that it has strong immunity.Originality/value–The algorithm can reduce the influence of external interference in the actual operating environment,realize efficient and stable tracking of trains,and ensure the safety of train control. 展开更多
关键词 High-speed trains Sliding mode control fractional-order differentiation Adaptive law Cooperative control
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Serum biomarkers for the differentiation of autoimmune pancreatitis from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma 被引量:2
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作者 Octavio Caba Carmelo Diéguez-Castillo +2 位作者 Joaquina Martínez-Galán Irene González-Cebrián Cristina Jiménez-Luna 《World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology》 SCIE 2023年第2期268-275,共8页
Autoimmune pancreatitis(AIP),a chronic inflammation caused by the immune system attacking the pancreas,usually presents imaging and clinical features that overlap with those of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC).S... Autoimmune pancreatitis(AIP),a chronic inflammation caused by the immune system attacking the pancreas,usually presents imaging and clinical features that overlap with those of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC).Serum biomarkers,substances that quantitatively change in sera during disease development,are a promising non-invasive tool with high utility for differentiating between these diseases.In this way,the presence of AIP is currently suspected when serum concentrations of immunoglobulin G4(IgG4)antibody are elevated.However,this approach has some drawbacks.Notably,IgG4 antibody concentrations are also elevated in sera from some patients with PDAC.This review focuses on the most recent and relevant serum biomarkers proposed to differentiate between AIP and PDAC,evaluating the usefulness of immunoglobulins,autoantibodies,chemokines,and cytokines.The proposed serum biomarkers have proven useful,although most studies had a small sample size,did not examine their presence in patients with PDAC,or did not test them in humans.In addition,current evidence suggests that a single serum biomarker is unlikely to accurately differentiate these diseases and that a set of biomarkers will be needed to achieve adequate specificity and sensitivity,either alone or in combination with clinical data and/or radiological images. 展开更多
关键词 Autoimmune pancreatitis Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma SERUM Biomarkers differentiation
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Acetylated-PPARγexpression is regulated by different P53 genotypes associated with the adipogenic differentiation of polyploid giant cancer cells with daughter cells 被引量:1
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作者 Kexin Zhang Xiaohui Yang +2 位作者 Minying Zheng Yidi Ning Shiwu Zhang 《Cancer Biology & Medicine》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第1期56-76,共21页
Objective:Polyploid giant cancer cells(PGCCs)with daughter cells express epithelial–mesenchymal transition(EMT)-associated proteins.Highly malignant tumor cells with EMT properties can transdifferentiate into mature ... Objective:Polyploid giant cancer cells(PGCCs)with daughter cells express epithelial–mesenchymal transition(EMT)-associated proteins.Highly malignant tumor cells with EMT properties can transdifferentiate into mature tumor cells.In this study,we elucidated the potential for,and underlying mechanism of,adipogenic differentiation of PGCCs with daughter cells(PDCs).Methods:Cobalt chloride was used to induce PGCC formation in HEY(wild-type P53)and MDA-MB-231(mutant P53)cells;these cells were then cultured in adipogenic differentiation medium.Oil red O staining was used to confirm adipogenic differentiation,and the cell cycle was detected with flow cytometry.The expression of adipogenic differentiation-associated proteins and P300 histone acetyltransferase activity were compared before and after adipogenic differentiation.Animal xenograft models were used to confirm the adipogenic differentiation of PDCs.Results:PDCs transdifferentiated into functional adipocytes.Two different cell cycle distributions were observed in PDCs after adipogenic differentiation.The expression levels of PPARγ,Ace-PPARγ,and Ace-P53 were higher in PDCs after adipogenic differentiation than in cells before adipogenic differentiation.Ace-PPARγand FABP4 expression increased in HEY cells and decreased in MDA-MB-231 PDCs after p53 knockdown.A485 treatment increased Ace-P53,Ace-PPARγ,and FABP4 expression in HEY PDCs by inhibiting SUMOylation of P53.In MDA-MB-231 PDCs,A485 treatment decreased Ace-P53,Ace-PPARγ,and FABP4 expression.Animal experiments also confirmed the adipogenic differentiation of PDCs.Conclusions:Acetylation of P53 and PPARγplays an important role in the adipogenic differentiation of PDCs. 展开更多
关键词 PGCCs adipogenic differentiation PPARΓ post-translational modification P53 genotype
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