Finite Element Analysis of Coronal Shear Fractures of the Femoral Neck: Displacement of the Femoral Head and Effect of Osteosynthetic Implants

Coronal shear fractures of the femoral neck (CSFF) are the most challenging to treat among proximal femur fractures, directly affecting the life expectancy of patients with osteoporosis. However, an adequate osteosynthesis method has not been elucidated yet. This study investigated the displacement direction of the femoral head fragment and its effect on the bone using finite element method. A finite element model for CSFF was developed from CT image data of a patient with osteoporosis using Mechanical Finder (ver. 11). Subsequently, finite element analyses were performed on six osteosynthesis models under maximum load applied during walking. The compressive stresses, tensile stresses, and compressive strains of each model were examined. The results suggested that the compressive and tensile stress distributions were concentrated on the anterior side of the femoral neck. Compressive strain distribution in the femoral head and neck was concentrated in four areas: at the tip of the blade or lag screw, the anteroinferior side of the blade or lag screw near the fracture site, and the upper right and lower left near the junction of the blade or lag screw and nail. Thus, the distribution of both these stresses revealed that the femoral head fragment was prone to anterior and inferior displacement. Distribution of compressive strains revealed the direction of the stress exerted by the osteosynthetic implant on the bone. The same results were observed in all osteosynthetic implants;thus, the findings could lay the foundation for developing methods for placing osteosynthetic implants less prone to displacement and the osteosynthetic implants themselves. In particular, the study provides insight into the optimal treatment of CSFF.

Spontaneous bilateral femur neck fracture secondary to grand mal seizure:A case report

BACKGROUND Spontaneous bilateral femur neck fracture is a rare entity in the general population.CASE SUMMARY A 17-year-old immobile,developmentally delayed male with the sequelae of cerebral palsy fractured both femoral necks during a grand mal epileptic seizure.He had been treated with valproic acid as an antiseizure medication for about 10years;otherwise,he had no history of drug use.The laboratory analysis was normal except a marked vitamin D deficiency.Closed reduction and osteosynthesis with percutaneous cannulated screws were performed.Solid union was observed at 6 mo,and rapid postoperative rehabilitation was started.CONCLUSION A femoral neck fracture may occur in a person with epilepsy presenting with hip pain in the emergency department.

Surgical Management of Fracture Neck of Femur in a Medically Unfit ASA3/4 Patient Selection Using Direct Infiltration Local Anaesthesia

Patients who suffer a Fractured Neck of Femur (NOF) have a high mortality and morbidity rate with up to 20% needing long term care post fracture and a further 30% not returning to their pre fracture functioning. Hip fracture accounts for 87% of total fragility fractures. We describe an anaesthetic technique of fixation of fracture of the femoral neck under direct infiltration local anaesthesia;that can be performed on the sick elderly patient. Twenty-eight NOF fractures were included in this series (24 DHS, 4 Hemiarthroplasty);twenty-three procedures were completed (82.14%);no patient required conversion to another form of anaesthesia either general or spinal;five patients required some degree of light sedation due to agitation (17.8%). This method presents itself as an option in managing patient with high comorbidities which can also be implemented in impoverished areas with limited access to operating surgical facilities.

Bone mineral density in fracture neck of femur patients:What's the significance?

BACKGROUND The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence(NICE)guidelines have advised further research is required into investigating the added prognostic value of bone mineral density(BMD)in the assessment of fracture risk with the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool(FRAX)score.AIM To investigate the significance of BMD in fracture neck of femur patients and compare it to the outcome of the FRAX score.METHODS Inclusion criteria for this study were all patients who underwent dual-energy Xray absorptiometry(DXA)scan following fracture neck of femur between 2015 and 2017.Analysis of BMD,FRAX scores and patient demographic data was undertaken.RESULTS A total of 69 patients were included in the study,mean age 74.1 years.There was no significant difference between mean BMD of the femoral neck in males(0.65)as compared to females(0.61)(P=0.364).Analyses showed no significant correlation between BMD and menopause age(rs=-0.28,P=0.090).A significant difference was seen of the femoral neck BMD between the different fracture pattern types(P=0.026).A stronger correlation was observed between BMD of femoral neck and FRAX major score(rs=-0.64,P<0.001)than with BMD of lumbar spine and FRAX major score(rs=-0.37,P=0.003).CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that BMD of the femoral neck measured by DXA scan is of added prognostic value when assessing patients for risk of fracture neck of femur in combination with the FRAX predictive scoring system.

Risk modeling of femoral neck fracture based on geometric parameters of the proximal epiphysis

BACKGROUND Fractures of the proximal femur epiphysis are problematic for state health care because they are associated with severe medical and social problems and high morbidity and mortality rates.AIM To model the potential risk of hip fracture via femur geometric parameters.METHODS Seventy educational cadaveric femurs from people aged 14 to 80 years,10 X-ray images from the records of the Human Anatomy Department and 10 X-ray images from the Department of Traumatology,Orthopedics and Disaster Surgery of Sechenov University,were evaluated.The parameters of the fractured bone were measured using images captured with a Canon d60 camera.The projection values of the proximal epiphysis of the cadaveric femurs and geometric parameters of the bones shown in the X-ray images were measured with Autodesk software(AutoCAD 2018).Analysis of the video frames showing bone rotation reveal that the greater trochanter can be inscribed in a parallelepiped,where one of the faces is parallel to the plane of view in the frontal standard projection and is rectangular.The angle of bone rotation obtained by turning the cube corresponded to the angle measured with the second technique.This reliable method of calculating the rotation of the bone relative to the anterior projection was employed in subsequent calculations.The geometric parameters of the femur were measured using X-ray images according to the proposed method.RESULTS The geometric parameters of 70 femurs were analyzed,and correlation coefficients were calculated.Our measurement results were compared with those reported by other authors.The potential influence of femur geometry on force distribution in the proximal epiphysis of the femur was described,and a 2-dimensional model of the femur epiphysis associated with minimal neck fracture risk was provided.The assessment of the geometric parameters of the femoral epiphysis indicated the greatest risk of a varus fracture of the neck if the angle of the minimal resistance zone(AMRZ)index>24°and the neck-shaft angle(NSA)<127.5°.In contrast,the minimum risk was observed at AMRZ<14°and NSA>128.87°.CONCLUSION The proposed method provides the potential femur neck fracture risk based on geometric parameters.

Thirty-day mortality of patients with hip fracture during COVID-19 pandemic and pre-pandemic periods:A systematic review and metaanalysis

BACKGROUND Timely intervention in hip fracture is essential to decrease the risks of perioperative morbidity and mortality.However,limitations of the resources,risk of disease transmission and redirection of medical attention to a more severe infective health problem during coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic period have affected the quality of care even in a surgical emergency.AIM To compare the 30-d mortality rate and complications of hip fracture patients treated during COVID-19 pandemic and pre-pandemic times.METHODS The search of electronic databases on 1st August 2020 revealed 45 studies related to mortality of hip fracture during the COVID-19 pandemic and pre-pandemic times.After careful screening,eight studies were eligible for quantitative and qualitative analysis of data.RESULTS The pooled data of eight studies(n=1586)revealed no significant difference in 30-d mortality rate between the hip fracture patients treated during the pandemic and pre-pandemic periods[9.63%vs 6.33%;odds ratio(OR),0.62;95%CI,0.33,1.17;P=0.14].Even the 30-d mortality rate was not different between COVID-19 non-infected patients who were treated during the pandemic time,and all hip fracture patients treated during the pre-pandemic period(OR,1.03;95%CI,0.61,1.75;P=0.91).A significant difference in mortality rate was observed between COVID-19 positive and COVID-19 negative patients(OR,6.99;95%CI,3.45,14.16;P<0.00001).There was no difference in the duration of hospital stay(OR,-1.52,95%CI,-3.85,0.81;P=0.20),overall complications(OR,1.62;P=0.15)and incidence of pulmonary complications(OR,1.46;P=0.38)in these two-time frames.Nevertheless,the preoperative morbidity was more severe,and there was less use of general anesthesia during the pandemic time.CONCLUSION There was no difference in 30-d mortality rate between hip fracture patients treated during the pandemic and pre-pandemic periods.However,the mortality risk was higher in COVID-19 positive patients compared to COVID-19 negative patients.There was no difference in time to surgery,complications and hospitalization time between these two time periods.

股骨颈骨折空心钉内固定后股骨近端骨质疏松的有限元分析

背景:股骨颈骨折空心钉内固定术后由于患肢短期内常常不能负重,且高刚度的内植物对骨折断端存在应力遮挡效应,易导致患肢出现骨质疏松,股骨近端生物力学分布发生变化,术后股骨头坏死发病率较高,目前关于股骨颈骨折术后股骨近端骨质疏松对股骨近端及空心钉生物力学影响的研究较少。目的:通过有限元分析探讨股骨颈骨折术后发生骨质疏松对空心钉内固定治疗的生物力学影响,探究生物力学因素在股骨头坏死进程中的作用。方法:获取1例股骨颈骨折患者股骨CT扫描数据,利用Mimics 19.0、3-Matic、UG 11.0、Hypermesh 14.0、Abaqus软件建立空心钉治疗股骨颈骨折的股骨近端模型,利用Abaqus软件分析1种术后股骨近端无骨质疏松、3种术后股骨近端骨质疏松的有限元模型,测量分析4种模型不同部件的应力、接触压力、位移峰值及云图,对比分析股骨头内部应力变化及分布情况。结果与结论:股骨头及下前空心钉的应力、接触压力随骨质疏松程度变化较大,4种模型的位移峰值随着骨质疏松程度加重而缓慢增长。通过单因素方差分析,结果显示骨质疏松程度对不同部件的应力、接触压力、位移峰值无显著性影响,股骨头内部应力分布随骨质疏松发生相应变化,股骨近端的生物力学环境变化对股骨头坏死有着重要影响。

ERAS理念联合骨科康复护理对股骨颈骨折患者髋关节置换术后疼痛及恢复情况的影响

目的探究加速康复外科(ERAS)理念联合骨科康复护理对股骨颈骨折患者髋关节置换术后疼痛及恢复情况的影响。方法选取安徽省马鞍山市中医院2019年1月至2022年3月进行治疗的股骨颈骨折患者80例,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,各40例。对照组给予骨科常规康复护理,观察组给予骨科常规康复护理联合ERAS理念进行干预。干预前后比较两组术后恢复情况,包括髋关节功能、髋关节置换效果、视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、术后情况、术后并发症发生情况。结果干预后,观察组各项髋关节功能评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,两组各项髋关节置换效果评分高于干预前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组VAS评分低于干预前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组住院天数、术后下床活动时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组并发症总发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论ERAS理念联合骨科康复护理能够缩短股骨颈骨折患者的术后住院时间和下床所需时间,缓解术后疼痛,减少并发症,促进术后髋关节恢复。

三种手术入路全髋关节置换治疗股骨颈骨折早期临床疗效比较

目的比较直接上方入路(direct superior approach,DSA)、直接前方入路(direct anterior approach,DAA)和后外侧入路(posterolateral approach,PLA)行全髋关节置换术(total hip arthroplasty,THA)治疗股骨颈骨折(femoral neck fracture,FNF)的早期临床疗效。方法采用前瞻性随机对照研究。选择2019年7月~2021年7月收治的90例FNF患者,依据随机数字表法分为DSA组、DAA组和PLA组,每组30例,分别经DSA、DAA和PLA入路行THA。比较三组患者的手术时间、失血量、切口长度、术后下地时间及住院时间,术前、术后1周、术后1、3、6个月的髋关节Harris评分,疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS),SF-36评分及并发症;利用影像学资料对假体安放位置、双下肢长度、髋臼前倾角、髋臼外展角及股骨柄内外翻发生率进行测量并比较。结果与DSA组和DAA组比较,PLA组手术时间更短(P=0.000)。但失血量、切口长度、术后下地时间、住院时间长、手术后1周内VAS评分、Harris评分、SF-36评分,DSA组和DAA组均优于PLA组(P=<0.05)。术后1月、3月、6月VAS评分、Harris评分、SF-36评分,三组无显著差异(P>0.05)。DAA组股骨柄内翻发生率16.7%(5/30),DSA组和PLA组无股骨柄内翻病例,DAA组高于其他两组(P<0.05)。结论相较于PLA入路,DSA入路和DAA入路具有手术创伤小、术中失血量少、术后康复快等早期优势。但是DAA入路股骨柄内翻发生率更高。

内固定治疗成人股骨颈骨折的研究进展

股骨颈骨折占成年人骨折3.85%[1],是一种常见的骨折,可发生于各个年龄段。股骨颈骨折术后骨不连和股骨头缺血性坏死一直是创伤骨科治疗的难点[2]。近年来,股骨颈骨折术后发生股骨颈短缩的并发症,引起了大家的重视和思考,股骨颈的过度短缩,可影响下肢步态,甚至导致髋关节活动障碍[3,4]。目前对股骨颈骨折的保髋治疗仍然存在较大的争议[5~7],包括内固定物选择、闭合还是切开复位、术前是否应该进行牵引等。尤其对于不稳定的Pauwels III型股骨颈骨折,需选择抗剪切力较好的内固定方式。近10年来国内外市场上涌现出不同的股骨颈骨折内固定器械,足以说明股骨颈骨折内固定物仍然不够完善。

人工股骨头置换术与人工全髋关节置换术治疗老年股骨颈骨折的临床效果分析

目的探究对老年股骨颈骨折患者应用人工股骨头置换术与人工全髋关节置换术的效果。方法回顾性选取2017年1月—2022年5月高邮市中医医院收治的238例股骨颈骨折患者的临床资料,依据治疗方案不同分为对照组(n=132)和观察组(n=106)。对照组实施人工股骨头置换术治疗,观察组实施人工全髋关节置换术治疗,比较两组治疗效果、临床相关指标、髋关节功能评分(Harris Hip Score,HHS)、髋关节疼痛程度评分(Visual Analogue Scale,VAS)、并发症。结果观察组治疗效果(96.23%)高于对照组(89.39%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.926,P<0.05)。与对照组相比,观察组手术时间、住院时间较长,术中出血量、术后引流量较多,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1年,观察组HHS评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。和对照组比较,观察组各时间点VAS评分以及并发症发生率均较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用人工股骨头置换术治疗老年股骨颈骨折患者,有着手术时间短等优点,但其远期效果较差。虽然人工全髋关节置换术的手术时间等较长,但远期效果较好,疼痛感低,并发症少,可依据患者实际情况而选择手术方案。

Comparison of Proximal Femoral Geometry and Risk Factors between Femoral Neck Fractures and Femoral Intertrochanteric Fractures in an Elderly Chinese Population

Background： Few studies have investigated the differences in proximal femoral geometry and risk factors between patients with different types of hip fracture, especially in elderly Chinese. This study aimed to assess the differences in proximal femoral geometry parameters between patients with femoral neck fractures and patients with intertrochanteric fractures to provide guidance for individualized customized prosthesis and accurate reconstruction of proximal femurs in elderly Chinese patients. Methods： We retrospectively studied the electronic medical records of 198 elderly patients over 65 years of age who were admitted to the orthopedic department with hip fractures between January 2017 and December 2017 in The Third Hospital, Hebei Medical University. Age, fracture site, gender, and proximal femoral geometry parameters （.neck shaft angle [NSA], center edge angle [CEA], femoral head diameter [FHD], femoral neck diameter [FND], femoral neck axial length [FNAL], hip axial length [HAL], and femoral shaft diameter [FSD]） were recorded. Student＇s t-test was used to compare the continuous variables, Chi-square test was used to analyze categorical variables, and multiple logistic stepwise regression analysis was used to evaluate the influencing factors of hip fracture type. Results： Statistically significant differences in NSA （137.63 ± 4.56° vs. 132.07 ± 4.17°, t = 1.598, P 〈 0.001）, CEA （37.62 ± 6.77° vs. 43.11 ±7.09°, t = 5.597, P 〈 0.001 ）, FND （35.21 ± 3.25 mm vs. 34.09 ±3.82 mm, t = 2.233, P = 0.027）, and FNAL （99.30 ± 7.91 mm vs. 103.58± 8.39 ram, t = 3.715, P 〈 0.001 ） were found between the femoral neck fracture group and femoral intertrochanteric fracture group. FHD, FND, FSD, HAL, and FNAL were different between sexes （all P 〈 0.001 ）. The greater NSA was the risk factor for femoral neck fractures （,odds ratio [OR]： 0.70, P 〈 0.001 ）, greater CEA and longer FNAL were risk factors for femoral intertrochanteric fractures （OR： 1.15, 1.17, all P 〈 0.001）, and greater FND was a protective factor for femoral intertrochanteric fractures （OR： 0.74, P 〈 0.001）. Conclusions： We demonstrate differences in geometric morphological parameters of the proximal femur in different hip fracture types, as well as an effect of sex. These differences should he considered in the selection of prostheses for fracture internal fixation and hip replacements. These data could help guide the design of individualized customized prostheses and improve the accurate reconstruction of the proximal femur for elderly Chinese hip fracture patients.

Perioperative mortality and morbidity of hip fractures among COVID-19 infected and non-infected patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Purpose:Hip fractures among elderly patients are surgical emergencies.During COVID-19 pandemic time,many such patients could not be operated at early time because of the limitation of the medical resources,the risk of infection and redirection of medical attention to a severe infective health problem.Methods:A search of electronic databases(PubMed,Medline,CINAHL,EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials)with the keywords"COVID","COVID-19","SARS-COV-2","Corona","pandemic","hip fracture","trochanteric fracture"and"neck femur fracture"revealed 64 studies evaluating treatment of hip fracture in elderly patients during COVID-19 pandemic time.The 30-day mortality rate,inpatient mortality rate,critical care/special care need,readmission rate and complications rate in both groups were evaluated.Data were analyzed using Review Manager(RevMan)V.5.3.Results:After screening,7 studies were identified that described the mortality and morbidity in hip fractures in both COVID-19 infected(COVID-19+)and non-infected(COVID-19-)patients.There were significantly increased risks of 30-day mortality(32.23%COVID-19+deathvs.8.85%COVID-19-death)and inpatient mortality(29.33%vs.2.62%)among COVID-19+patients with odds ratio(OR)of 4.84(95%CI:3.13-7.47,p<0.001)and 15.12(95%CI:6.12-37.37,p<0.001),respectively.The COVID-19+patients needed more critical care admission(OR=5.08,95%CI:1.49-17.30,p<0.009)and they remain admitted for a longer time in hospital(mean difference=3.6,95% CI:1.74-5.45,p<0.001);but there was no difference in readmission rate between these 2 groups.The risks of overall complications(OR=17.22),development of pneumonia(OR=22.25),and acute respiratory distress syndrome/acute respiratory failure(OR=32.96)were significantly high among COVID-19+patients compared to COVID-19-patients.Conclusions:There are increased risks of the 30-day mortality,inpatient mortality and critical care admission among hip fracture patients who are COVID-19+.The chances of developing pneumonia and acute respiratory failure are more in COVID-19+patients than in COVID-19-patients.

股骨近端外翻截骨植骨术治疗儿童股骨颈骨折骨不连的疗效探讨

目的评估股骨近端外翻截骨植骨术治疗儿童股骨颈骨折骨不连的疗效。方法回顾性分析2011年1月至2022年1月复旦大学附属儿科医院骨科收治的8例股骨颈骨折骨不连患儿临床资料,均采用股骨近端外翻截骨、髋加压锁定钢板固定,并对骨不连区域行植骨治疗,观察股骨髋内翻改善情况、骨不连愈合以及手术后并发症情况。结果8例股骨颈骨折骨不连患儿行股骨近端外翻截骨植骨术后均痊愈,随访时间(14.5±3.9)个月,愈合时间为(9.5±2.1)个月。术后1年随访时股骨颈干角为(145.6±9.8)°,较手术前股骨颈干角(117.6±17.0)°增加,股骨颈干角异常得到纠正,差异有统计学意义(t=4.310,P<0.05),术后发生伤口感染1例,经抗生素对症治疗3周后痊愈。结论股骨近端外翻截骨植骨术治疗儿童股骨颈骨折骨不连疗效确切,可有效纠正股骨髋内翻畸形。

Radiation Exposure during Dynamic Hip Screw Fixation: A Comparative Study

Background: The safe amount of radiation permissible during fixation of neck of femur fractures has long been studied. Factors including surgeons’ experience have been highlighted. We aimed in this study to compare different factors for quality and safety improvement. Methods: It was a retrospective study, including all patients who had undergone a standard DHS fixation between January 2018 and June 2019 for inter-trochanteric neck of femur fractures. Two groups were stratified;(Group A) had the procedure performed by a specialist non-consultant surgeon (NCG) and (Group B) by an established consultant (CG). The Dose Area Product (DAP) and the duration of radiation exposure were recorded. Results: Over a period of 18 months, 91 cases were included with a mean age of 82 years old. The mean weight was 62 kg. 42 patients had complex fractures, and 49 patients had simple fractures. 12% of patients were ASA II, 70% of cases were ASA III and 18% of the patients were ASA IV. The mean DAP for group A was 345.131 CGYCM2 (SD 273.65) and for group B 234.63 CGYCM2 (SD 165.30). The time of exposure was 8.6 sec and 13.16 sec in groups B and A respectively. Conclusion: The data collected from this study were comparable to others. The amount of radiation exposure was of difference related to the decision-making intra-operatively. Other factors were not statistically significant.

股骨颈皮质碎片面积和移位距离与中青年股骨颈骨折空心螺钉内固定术后并发症的关系研究

目的:探讨股骨颈皮质碎片面积和移位距离与中青年股骨颈骨折空心螺钉内固定术后并发症的关系。方法:分析2009年1月至2021年1月采用空心螺钉内固定术治疗的合并股骨颈皮质粉碎的中青年股骨颈骨折患者的病例资料,统计患者股骨头坏死和骨折不愈合的发生情况,并基于术前CT测定患者的股骨颈皮质碎片面积和移位距离。股骨颈皮质碎片面积≤0.25cm^(2)、移位距离≤0.5cm者纳入A组,皮质碎片面积≤0.25cm^(2)、移位距离>0.5cm者纳入B组,皮质碎片面积>0.25cm^(2)、移位距离≤0.5cm者纳入C组,皮质碎片面积>0.25cm^(2)、移位距离>0.5cm者纳入D组。分析股骨颈皮质碎片面积和移位距离与股骨头坏死和骨折不愈合发生率的关系。结果:共纳入348例患者,A组160例、B组71例、C组82例、D组35例。34例患者发生股骨头坏死,其中A组6例、B组9例、C组9例、D组10例;25例患者发生骨折不愈合,A组3例、B组6例、C组7例、D组9例。A组股骨头坏死发生率为3.8%[95%CI(1.3%,8.0%)]、骨折不愈合发生率为1.9%[95%CI(0.4%,5.4%)],B组股骨头坏死发生率为12.7%[95%CI(6.0%,22.7%)]、骨折不愈合发生率为8.5%[95%CI(3.2%,17.5%)],C组股骨头坏死发生率为11.0%[95%CI(5.1%,19.8%)]、骨折不愈合发生率为8.5%[95%CI(3.5%,16.8%)],D组股骨头坏死发生率为28.6%[95%CI(14.6%,46.3%)]、骨折不愈合发生率为25.7%[95%CI(12.4%,43.3%)]。结论:中青年股骨颈骨折患者的股骨颈皮质碎片面积>0.25cm^(2)且移位距离>0.5cm时,采用空心螺钉内固定术治疗后股骨头坏死和骨折不愈合的发生率明显增高。

加速康复外科联合舒适护理对老年股骨颈骨折患者的影响

目的分析加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)联合舒适护理对老年股骨颈骨折(femoral neck fracture,FNF)患者的影响。方法选取开封市人民医院2020年8月至2022年8月收治的82例老年股骨颈骨折患者为研究对象,分为对照组和研究组,每组41例。对照组行常规护理,研究组行ERAS联合舒适护理,比较两组的心理状态、髋关节功能、疼痛程度、并发症及生活质量。结果护理后,研究组焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)、抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scale,SDS)评分均低于对照组(P<0.001);研究组护理后1个月、3个月及6个月Harris评分较对照组高(P<0.001);研究组术后1 d、3 d、5 d及7 d视觉模拟评分法(visual analogue scale,VAS)评分较对照组低(P<0.05);研究组并发症发生率较对照组低(4.88%vs.24.39%,P=0.012);研究组社会功能、心理功能、躯体功能及物质生活评分均较对照组高(P<0.001)。结论老年FNF患者应用ERAS联合舒适护理,有利于减少并发症,提高生活质量,减轻术后疼痛,并促进髋关节功能恢复,改善心理状态。

围术期快速康复护理模式对老年股骨颈骨折术后谵妄及睡眠质量的影响

目的:探讨围术期快速康复护理模式对老年股骨颈骨折术后谵妄及睡眠质量的影响。方法:选取2020年1月至2021年12月福建省三明市清流县总医院外二科收治的老年股骨颈骨折患者80例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法随机分为对照组和观察组,每组40例。对照组接受常规护理,观察组接受围术期快速康复护理模式干预,比较2组患者术后谵妄发生率、髋关节功能、睡眠质量等。结果:观察组术后谵妄发生率2.50%低于对照组20.00%(P<0.05);2组术前Harris髋关节功能评分比较无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组术后1个月、3个月、6个月时Harris髋关节评分高于对照组(均P<0.05);2组术前匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)评分比较无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组术后12 h、24 h、48 h、72 h时PSQI评分低于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论:老年股骨颈骨折患者围术期接受快速康复护理模式干预,可降低术后谵妄发生概率,保证其拥有良好的睡眠质量,更利于髋关节功能恢复。

空心加压螺钉治疗股骨颈骨折疗效分析

目的:探讨空心加压螺钉内固定术治疗股骨颈骨折的疗效及术后致股骨头缺血性坏死的相关影响因素。方法:对2003年1月至2009年6月应用空心加压螺钉治疗的96例股骨颈骨折进行回顾性分析,男44例,女52例;年龄21～88岁,平均56.3岁。将患者年龄、性别、骨折类型、骨折复位情况、外伤至手术复位时间与术后骨折不愈合及股骨头缺血性坏死之间的关系进行统计学分析。结果:84例获得随访,时间9～60个月,平均25.4个月。术后出现下肢深静脉血栓2例,骨折不愈合8例,股骨头缺血性坏死11例。术后Harris评分为(86.20±11.00)分,优40例,良32例,可7例,差5例。未移位骨折组和移位骨折组股骨头坏死发生率分别为3.22%和18.87%,两者差异有统计学意义(P=0.037);解剖复位组和非解剖复位组的股骨头坏死发生率分别为5.00%和20.45%,两者差异有统计学意义(P=0.036);而不同年龄、性别、手术时间对继发股骨头坏死无明显差异。结论:空心加压螺钉内固定术治疗无移位股骨颈骨折疗效良好,骨折类型及骨折复位情况是影响术后股骨头缺血性坏死的主要因素。对年轻移位的股骨颈骨折患者,应尽可能解剖复位、牢靠内固定,以减少术后股骨头缺血性坏死的发生;对于骨折移位严重的高龄患者,建议行人工关节置换术。

股骨颈骨折内固定术后致股骨头坏死的影响因素分析

目的:探讨股骨颈骨折患者内固定术后致股骨头坏死的相关影响因素。方法:对上海市第六人民医院1999年5月至2004年4月期间收治的患者,进行术后门诊随访和通讯手段随访相结合的形式获得有完整随访资料者99例,运用SPSS14.0建立数据库,并进行统计分析。结果:到2006年1月为止,99例患者术后随访共有15例出现坏死,坏死率为15.2%。交互作用分析得出:年龄与内固定是否取出、性别与复位时间存在交互作用;单因素Logistic回归分析得出:年龄、骨折是否移位、复位质量和内固定是否取出是影响因素;多因素Logistic逐步回归分析得出:年龄、年龄与内固定是否取出、复位质量是股骨头坏死的相关影响因素;多因素Logistic逐步回归后的精细分析得出:56～85岁患者中,内固定取出组股骨头坏死是未取出组的26.00倍(95%CI=3.076～219.747)。结论:股骨颈骨折患者内固定术手术时年龄越大,越不易并发股骨头坏死;对于老年患者,取出内固定可能会增加股骨头坏死和塌陷的风险;解剖复位有助于降低内固定术后股骨头坏死的发生率。