The mapping methods and division of tectonic units of the regional tectonic map in the eastern China seas and adjacent regions

The geological-geophysical map series of the eastern China seas and adjacent region （1：1 000 000） will be published in the late half year of 2009. The regional tectonic map is one of the main professional maps. The Mapping methods, the division method of geological tectonic units and the main geological tectonic units are mainly discussed. The strata from Pliocene to Holocene are peeled off so as to display the Pre-Pliocene structures. In basins, isopaches are drawn for the Cenozoic deposits. The plate tectonic theory and present tectonic pattern are adopted as the priorities in tectonic division. As to the division of intraplate tectonic units, it is a revision, complement and improvement of previous dividing systems, and the nomenclature for each tectonic unit follows the current system in China. The first-order tectonic unit is plate （Pacific Plate, Eurasian Plate and Philippine Sea Plate）. The second-order tectonic unit is tectonic domain （East Asian continental tectonic domain,East Asian continental margin tectonic domain and west Pacific tectonic domain）. The Philippine Sea Plate and the west part of the Pacific Plate are called the West Pacific tectonic domain. The part of the Eurasian Plate involved in this study area can be further divided into East Asian continental tectonic domain and East Asian continental margin tectonic domain. The East Asian continental margin domain is composed of the Ryukyu island arc, the Okinawa Trough back-arc basin and the back-arc basin of Sea of Japan. The East Asian continental tectonic domain in this study area is composed of the Sino-Korea Massif, the Changjiang River （Yangtze） Massif and South China Massif. In turn, these massifs consist of basins, folded belts or uplift zones. The basins,the folded belts or the uplift zones are further divided into uplifts and depressions made up of sags and swells.

Development unit division and favorable area evaluation for joint mining coalbed methane

Based on the productivity equation of coalbed methane (CBM) well, considering the impact of coal reservoir reformability on gas well productivity, the main production layer optimization index in the “three-step method” of optimal combination of production layers is corrected, and then the CBM production layer potential index is introduced to evaluate favorable areas for commingled multi-coal seam production. Through analysis of the key parameters of coal reservoirs affecting the CBM productivity index, a development unit division method for areas with multi-coal seams is established, and a quantitative grading index system is proposed. On this basis, the evaluation process of CBM development favorable area is developed: the mature 3-D modeling technology is used to characterize the reservoir physical properties of multi-coal seams in full-scale;the production layer potential index of each grid is calculated, and the production layer potential index contour under single-layer or commingled multi-layer production are plotted;according to the distribution of the contour of production layer potential index, the quantitative index of CBM development unit is adopted to outline the grade I, II, III coal reservoir distribution areas, and thus to pick out the favorable development areas. The practical application in the Yuwang block of Laochang in Yunnan proved that the favorable area evaluation process proposed can effectively overcome the defects of selecting favorable development areas only relying on evaluation results of a major coal seam pay, and enhance the accuracy of the evaluation results, meeting the requirements of selecting favorable areas for multi-coal seam commingled CBM production.

Application of ‘Division’ in E-C Translation of Long and Complex Attributive Clauses

The attributive clause plays a significant role in E-C translation.Due to the stylistic difference in Chinese and English(Chinese is paratactic while English is hypotactic),complex English attributive clauses cannot be translated literally as awkwardness may occur.One possible approach to coping with the problem is the adoption of‘Division’in translating long English attributive clauses.This essay provides three steps in translating complex English attributive clauses into Chinese(clarifying meaning units,restructuring and polishing)and the accompanied techniques such as amplification and omission to make the translation more readable and natural to Chinese readers.

On the Maximal Disjoint Division in Riesz Spaces

The authors p oint out a problem in the article of Ref.(Xiong Hongyun,Rong Ximin.Maximal disjoint systems in Riesz space and representation.Acta Math Sinica ,1998,41(4):763-766.)and revise it.Let E be an Archimed ean Riesz space possessing a weak unit e and a maximal disjoint division{e i:i∈I} in which each e i is a proj ection element. Concerning the following statements:(1) There exists a completel y regular Hausdorff space X such that E is Riesz isomorphic to C(X);(2) For every i∈I there exi sts a completely regular Hausdorff space X i such that the band generated by e i is Riesz isomorphic to C(X i).It is shown that (1) implies (2),and find some conditions for the inverse bein g true are found.Furthermore,if each X i in (2) is a compact Ha usdorff space, a necessary and sufficient condition is established under which E can be represented as a C(X) for some compact Hausdorff space X.As corollaries, corresponding results for late rally complete Riesz spaces are obtained.

A passive optical network based on optical code division multiplexing and time division multiple access technology

A passive optical network （PON） scheme based on optical code division multiplexing （OCDM） for the downstream traffics is proposed and analyzed in detail. In the PON, the downstream traffics are broadcasted by OCDM technology to guarantee the security, while the upstream traffics pass through the same optical fiber by the common time division multiple access （TDMA） technology to decrease the cost. This schemes are denoted as OCDM/TDMA-PON, which can be applied to an optical access network （OAN） with full services on demand, such as Internet protocol, video on demand, tele-presence and high quality audio. The proposed OCDM/TDMA-PON scheme combines advantages of PON, TDMA, and OCDM technology. Simulation results indicate that the designed scheme improves the OAN performance, and enhances flexibility and scalability of the system.

Study on Flow Unit of Heavy Oil Bottom Water Reservoir with Over-Limited Thickness in Offshore Oilfield

The upper Ming section of L oilfield is a typical offshore heavy oil bottom-water reservoir with thick fluvial layers. All horizontal wells are developed by natural energy. Due to the few drilling holes and influence by the resolution of seismic data, it is difficult to describe reservoirs with thickness over 20 meters. In this paper, seismic resonance amplitude inversion technology is introduced to restore the real response of thick reservoirs and interbeds by drilling and drilling verification, and the geological bodies with different thickness are displayed by frequency division RGB three primary colors. Flow units of heavy oil reservoirs with bottom water are divided according to the three major factors of interlayer, lithologic internal boundary and water-oil thickness ratio which have the greatest influence on horizontal well development, thick sand bodies are divided into 10 different flow units in three levels, each unit is separated from each other, and the reservoir structure, water-cut characteristics and water-flooding characteristics are different. The reliability of the research is improved by using the dynamic data of horizontal wells and newly drilled passing wells, which provides a basis for tapping the potential of heavy oil reservoirs with bottom water.

A new pattern of the tectonic units and metallogenic belts in Africa continent in terms of lithosphere

Based on the comprehensive study of geology and geophysics in African continent,three types of lithosphere(craton-type,orogenic-type and rift-type)can be identified.Considering lithosphere discontinuities as the boundary,two first-order tectonic units(mainly cratonic-type in the west and rift-type in the east)are proposed.Different types of lithosphere can be divided into secondary-order and third-order structural units,and the blocks within lithosphere can be further divided into fourth-order structural units.The geological history,the formation process and significance of different types of lithosphere in African continent are briefly discussed.

基于流域治理单元的湖北省丹江口库区小流域划分

丹江口库区小流域单元划分是库区水质安全保障和水生态文明建设的基础性工作。选择湖北省丹江口库区(十堰市)为研究区域,以高精度DEM、高分辨率遥感影像等为数据源,基于《湖北省流域综合治理和统筹发展规划纲要》确定的9个三级流域片区与23个四级流域片区,采用河网自动提取和人机交互修整等方法,划定了1 472个五级小流域单元,形成了一种面向流域综合治理单元的重要生态功能区小流域划分方法。研究成果可为湖北省丹江口库区水土流失防治、小流域治理成效评估等提供决策依据,以形成各部门水土流失防治的“合力”。

利用熵权TOPSIS和遗传算法的焊接单元划分方法

在充分分析焊接工艺特性的基础上,以降低焊接序列规划和焊接工位分配难度为目标,综合考虑单元间的平衡问题和单元复杂度问题,提出一种利用熵权TOPSIS法和遗传算法实现焊接单元合理划分的方法。首先,根据最佳单元划分公式确定基础件数量范围;其次,以零件的质量、体积、表面积、零件连接数量、焊缝数量、焊缝体积为评价指标,通过熵权TOPSIS法确定基础件;然后,以单元稳定性、单元平衡性和单元复杂度为优化目标,利用遗传算法得到不同单元数量时的最佳单元划分方案,通过对比分析确定最佳单元划分方案,实现焊接单元的科学合理划分;最后,以某车型前副车架为例进行验证,结果表明该方法快速、合理、有效,能够满足实际的工程需求。

基于PCA-ShapeDTW-QWGRU的分布式光伏集群短期功率预测

针对分布式光伏短期功率预测建立基于主成分分析、改进的动态时间规整算法与量子加权门控循环单元(PCAShapeDTW-QWGRU)的集群功率预测模型。针对集群划分不够精细、光伏电站数据蕴含的信息难以捕捉的问题,提出基于主成分分析结合密度聚类算法(PCA-OPTICS)的集群划分方法;针对目前选取代表电站与集群相似性较低的问题,提出基于改进的动态时间规整算法(ShapeDTW)的代表电站的选取方法,利用ShapeDTW度量相似性距离,选取最小值作为代表电站,并利用基于均方根传播梯度下降法优化的量子加权门控循环单元(RMSprop-QWGRU)模型进行预测;为了解决代表电站与集群功率的变换系数转换差异较大的问题,采用实时变换系数对代表电站进行集群功率值预测计算。实验结果表明,所提方法能有效提升光伏集群功率预测的精度。

河南安阳矿区主焦煤矿水文地质单元划分研究

根据主焦煤田自然地理条件、地质条件和水文地质特征进行了水文地质条件分析,并据此进行了水文地质单元划分,根据构造分布主要以F_(12)、F_(33)、F_(B57)断层将主焦煤田划分为3个一级水文地质单元和2个二级水文地质单元。结合水文地质单元划分的结果和矿井生产实际,给出了防治水的思路和措施。

Real-time spatiotemporal division multiplexing electroholography for 1,200,000 object points using multiple-graphics processing unit cluster

Computationally, the calculation of computer-generated holograms is extremely expensive, and the image quality deteriorates when reconstructing three-dimensional(3 D) holographic video from a point-cloud model comprising a huge number of object points. To solve these problems, we implement herein a spatiotemporal division multiplexing method on a cluster system with 13 GPUs connected by a gigabit Ethernet network.A performance evaluation indicates that the proposed method can realize a real-time holographic video of a3 D object comprising ~1,200,000 object points. These results demonstrate a clear 3 D holographic video at32.7 frames per second reconstructed from a 3 D object comprising 1,064,462 object points.

山西省文水县地质灾害风险评价及风险管控研究:以区域泥石流、崩塌和滑坡为例

地质灾害易发性评价是风险性评价的基础,以往的区域地质灾害易发性评价常采用同一种单元划分方法,而不同灾种受不同因素的影响,需采用不同的评价指标建立模型。本文以文水县地质灾害发育特征分析为基础,考虑泥石流发育诱发因素的特殊性,采用流域评价单元对泥石流灾害进行易发性评价,采用栅格评价单元对崩塌、滑坡灾害进行易发性评价,在两者加权叠加的基础上开展区域风险评价,并提出风险管控建议。

危险化学品重大危险源辨识中的疑难分析

以某企业二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)项目为例,分析探讨危险化学品建设项目重大危险源辨识过程中的疑难问题及疏漏:如单元划分、混合物临界值取值、实际存在量(在线量)如何确定等问题,以供安全评价机构、设计单位、政府安全监督管理部门的相关人员参考。

县级国土空间规划中详规单元划分研究——以安徽北部某县为例

县级国土空间规划作为实施性规划,在实际编制和使用过程中承担着承上启下的作用,具体内容更是起着上传下达、纵向管理的重要作用。文章以安徽北部F县为例,通过对市县级、乡镇级和村庄规划对于详细规划单元划分的要求进行研究对比,梳理出县级国土空间总体规划阶段,详细规划单元划分的依据和深度要求,以便于更好在县级规划中加以使用,并能够在乡镇级规划和村庄规划中得以传导。

自然保护地登记单元划分优化方法研究

自然资源统一确权登记是贯彻落实党中央、国务院关于生态文明建设决策部署的重要举措。针对自然资源确权登记工作中自然保护地与水流重叠、基础数据与现状存在差异等问题,聚焦自然保护地划分登记单元环节,并结合江苏天目国家森林公园自然资源统一确权登记工作,探索了自然保护地登记单元划分优化方法,提出了对于自然资源确权登记实践开展的建议,为后续推进全民所有自然资源资产所有权委托代理机制试点工作提供参考。

国土空间详细规划中地方规划单元转型研究

国土空间规划体系对总体规划—详细规划传导提出新的要求,也赋予了规划单元新的内涵。随着地方控制性详细规划从一次性编制转向按需编制,全域覆盖的规划单元成为分解落实总体规划要求的空间底板。以部分先行省市为例,从编制技术和治理体系视角探讨规划单元在总体规划—详细规划传导中的作用,研究发现:一是单元层面的刚性管控内容着重体现底线性和公益性;二是划分规划单元不仅是一项规划编制技术,还能形成一套市区间达成共识的公共资源统筹和任务分解方案,将地块层面(尤其是经营性用地)的部分规划权力赋予区级政府,可以提高详细规划管理的动态适应能力。在为地方实践提出建议的同时,对规划立法问题进行探讨,建议相关法规对是否允许各地探索不同的详细规划模式等问题作出规定。

中国动车组车次号编码改进方案研究

随着我国高速铁路的不断发展,现行动车组车次编码混乱、容量受限及难辨识等问题日益明显,急需对其进行改进。总结并分析国外铁路旅客列车车次编码方案,借鉴航空编码规则,针对我国现行动车组车次编码方案和高速铁路发展趋势,重点考虑了车次编码容量、车次运营管理精细度、乘客识记方便程度以及车次文化内涵等因素,提出近期和远期两个阶段的动车组车次编码改进方案。在近期方案中,跨局列车采用“原字母+K+数字”的表达方式,管内列车采用“原字母+N+数字”的表达方式,进一步明确了不同速度等级和运行区域列车车次的概念,增加了开行列车的辨识度,改进后编码容量是现有动车组编码的1.5倍。在远期方案中,取消“D”字头车次编码,划分为“C”字头管内城际列车、“S”字头管内市郊列车、“G”字头跨局高速动车组列车和“W”字头跨局卧铺动车组列车,增加运营公司汉字代码,采用“首字母+运营等级+数字+运营公司代码”的编码方式,改进后车次编码容量是现有车次编码的54倍。此外,在车票购买网站及车票上标注运营列车名称并以不同颜色区分,增加客用车票二维码,进一步丰富列车车次文化内涵,展现不同车次地域特色,同时能在国内、国际上对我国的列车产品及铁路发展情况进行良好宣传。本研究综合考虑旅客列车运行中的多种因素,全方位优化动车组车次编码,为中国高速铁路车次编码改进提供参考。

道岔产品认证问题梳理及优化举措

针对道岔产品认证管理现状及存在的问题,本文介绍了中国铁路专用产品认证制度的发展历程和重要性,着重阐述了铁路道岔产品在认证管理中的关键地位;分析了道岔产品认证管理的相关政策和规则,包括铁路产品认证管理办法、采信目录、道岔产品认证规则等;针对道岔产品认证存在的问题进行深入分析,包括标准不一致、抽样组合复杂、图纸型号繁冗、准入条件较为严格等;分析了道岔产品认证优化举措,主要包括单元划分优化、抽样方案优化、配合推进道岔统型工作、降低准入门槛等。这些优化举措有助于提高道岔产品认证的效率和质量,推动铁路运输安全和效率的提升。

基于DEM数据的相对高程计算方法研究

提出一种基于DEM数据、适用于复杂地形区域的相对高程因子的计算方法。首先利用DEM数据划分地形单元,然后在每个地形单元内确定相对基准面,最后分区域计算相对高程。并选择河北省承德市丰宁县为研究区开展实验验证,研究表明,该方法能够方便、科学地计算出相对高程值,并为复杂地形区域相对高程提取及数字高程模型研究提供一种新的方法与借鉴。