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Epidemiologic investigation of pediatric distal humerus fractures: An American insurance claims database study
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作者 Kyle Jay Klahs Jake E Dertinger +4 位作者 Grant T Mello Kevin Thapa Alexis B Sandler E'Stephan J Jesus Garcia Nata Parnes 《World Journal of Orthopedics》 2024年第1期52-60,共9页
BACKGROUND Distal humerus elbow fractures are one of the most common traumatic fractures seen in pediatric patients and present as three main types:Supracondylar(SC),lateral condyle(LC),and medial epicondyle(ME)fractu... BACKGROUND Distal humerus elbow fractures are one of the most common traumatic fractures seen in pediatric patients and present as three main types:Supracondylar(SC),lateral condyle(LC),and medial epicondyle(ME)fractures.AIM To evaluate the epidemiology of pediatric distal humerus fractures(SC,LC,and ME)from an American insurance claims database.METHODS A retrospective review was performed on patients 17 years and younger with the ICD 9 and 10 codes for SC,LC and ME fractures based on the IBM Truven MarketScan®Commercial and IBM Truven MarketScan Medicare Supplemental databases.Patients from 2015 to 2020 were queried for treatments,patient age,sex,length of hospitalization,and comorbidities.RESULTS A total of 1133 SC,154 LC,and 124 ME fractures were identified.SC fractures had the highest percentage of operation at 83%,followed by LC(78%)and ME fractures(41%).Male patients were,on average,older than female patients for both SC and ME fractures.CONCLUSION In the insurance claims databases used,SC fractures were the most reported,followed by LC fractures,and finally ME fractures.Age was identified to be a factor for how a pediatric distal humerus fractures,with patients with SC and LC fractures being younger than those with ME fractures.The peak age per injury per sex was similar to reported historic central tendencies,despite reported trends for younger physiologic development. 展开更多
关键词 Supracondylar humerus fracture Lateral condyle fracture Medial epicondyle fracture Pediatric elbow Truven epidemiology
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Epidemiology of open fractures in sport: One centre's 15-year retrospective study
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作者 Alexander M Wood Greg A J Robertson +2 位作者 Kirsty Mac Leod Anna Porter Charles M Court-Brown 《World Journal of Orthopedics》 2017年第7期545-552,共8页
AIM To describe the epidemiology of sport-related open fractures from one centre's adult patient population over a 15-year period. METHODS A retrospective review of a prospectively-collected database was performed... AIM To describe the epidemiology of sport-related open fractures from one centre's adult patient population over a 15-year period. METHODS A retrospective review of a prospectively-collected database was performed: The database contained information all sport-related open fractures, sustained from 1995 to 2009 in the Edinburgh, Mid and East Lothian Populations.RESULTS Over the 15-year period, there were 85 fractures recorded in 84 patients. The annual incidence of open sport-related fractures was 0.01 per 1000 population. The mean age at injury was 29.2 years(range 15-67). There were 70(83%) males and 14 females(17%).The 6 most common sports were soccer(n = 19, 22%), rugby(n = 9, 11%), cycling(n = 8, 9%), hockey(n = 8, 9%); horse riding(n = 6, 7%) and skiing(n = 6, 7%). The five most common anatomical locations were finger phalanges(n = 30, 35%); tibial diaphysis(n = 19, 23%); forearm(n = 12, 14%); ankle(n = 7, 8%) and metacarpals(n = 5, 6%). The mean injury severity score was 7.02. According to the Gustilo-Anderson classification system, 45(53%) fractures were grade 1; 28(33%) fractures were grade 2; 8(9%) fractures were grade 3a; and 4(5%) fractures were grade 3b. Out of the total number of fractures, 7(8%) required plastic surgical intervention as part of management. The types of flaps used were split skin graft(n = 4), fasciocutaneous flaps(n = 2); and adipofascial flap(n = 1). CONCLUSION We analysed the epidemiology of open fractures secondary to sport in one centre over a 15-year period. Soccer and rugby were the most common causative sports while fractures of the finger phalanx and of the tibial diaphysis were the most common sites. Open fractures are uncommon in sport; however, when they are sustained they usually occur on muddy sport fields or forest tracks and therefore must be treated appropriately. It is important that clinicians and sports therapists have knowledge of these injuries, in order to ensure they are managed optimally. 展开更多
关键词 Open fracture SPORT epidemiology INJURY TRAUMA
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Epidemiology of Open Limb Fractures in a Country with Low-Income
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作者 Noufanangue Kanfitine Kombate Atchi Walla +6 位作者 Kolima Akloa Komi Amakoutou Batarabadja Bakriga Gamal Ayouba Yaovi Yannick Dellanh Anani Abalo Assang Michel Dossim 《Open Journal of Orthopedics》 2017年第11期356-361,共6页
Introduction: Open limb fractures are frequent and severe. Very often they result from high velocity traffic accidents. The aim of this study was to identify the epidemiologic aspects of open limb fractures in order t... Introduction: Open limb fractures are frequent and severe. Very often they result from high velocity traffic accidents. The aim of this study was to identify the epidemiologic aspects of open limb fractures in order to improve prevention and care. Material and Methods: It was a retrospective study carried out in the Department of Orthopaedic and traumatology Surgery of Afagnan hospital. It concerned the files of patients admitted from January 1st to December 31st 2016. Patients of 15 years old and older who presented open limb fractures were included in the study. The study variables were: age, sex, occupation, trauma aetiology, injury mechanism, location and type of lesions. An X-ray (antero-posterior and lateral view) of the injured limb segment was done in all patients. Results: On 87 patients, 148 cases of fractures were collected. The mean age was 38.08 years with extremes of 15 and 82. There were 23 women (26.4%) and 64 men (73.6%). The most common etiology was traffic accidents (73.5%). Motorcycle accidents (58.3%);accidents involving motorcycle and car (19.4%). Accidents at work represented (16.1%). Lower limbs were more affected (77.1%). Open fractures classified Gustillo-Anderson type III were predominant with type IIIa (51.0%), IIIb (32.6%) and IIIc (16.3%). Conclusion: Open limb fractures are severe. They are mainly due to the increase of high-velocity traffic accidents. This explains the predominance of the young male population. Road safety and all actors’ behaviour change are essential for the reduction of traffic accident morbidity. 展开更多
关键词 OPEN fracturE LIMB epidemiology
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Epidemiology and current management of cerebrovascular disease in China 被引量:1
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作者 Sheng-Shou HU 《Journal of Geriatric Cardiology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第5期465-474,共10页
The Annual Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China(2022)intricate landscape of cardiovascular health in China.In connection with the previous section,this fifth section of the report continues the dissec... The Annual Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China(2022)intricate landscape of cardiovascular health in China.In connection with the previous section,this fifth section of the report continues the dissection on the manage-ment of cardiovascular diseases(CVD).Cerebrovascular disease is the leading cause of death and loss of healthy life among Chinese residents.Based on the results of GBD 2019,from 1990 to 2019,the years of life lost due to premature death caused by stroke showed a decreasing trend,while the years lived with disability still increased continuously.At present,national mortal-ity surveillance system can provide national and provincial representative annual death data on cerebrovascular disease,but the national representative data on some other important epidemiological indicators(such as incidence,prevalence,disability rate,and case fatality rate)are scarce in China.With the construction of large cohort population and extension of follow-up time,re-search on stroke-related risk factors is increasing,providing a basis for the prevention and control of risk factors.Due to limited large-scale population-based intervention studies,there is a lack of epidemiological evidence to transform into feasible interven-tion strategies and measures.In recent years,great progress in endovascular treatment for basilar-artery occlusion has been achieved in China,but there is still much room for improvement of guideline-based anticoagulant treatment and lipid-lowering treatment,as well as standardized diagnosis and treatment among patients with ischemic stroke. 展开更多
关键词 PREVENTION DIAGNOSIS epidemiology
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Characteristics of proppant transport and placement within rough hydraulic fractures 被引量:1
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作者 HUANG Hai ZHENG Yong +5 位作者 WANG Yi WANG Haizhu NI Jun WANG Bin YANG Bing ZHANG Wentong 《Petroleum Exploration and Development》 SCIE 2024年第2期453-463,共11页
A three-dimensional reconstruction of rough fracture surfaces of hydraulically fractured rock outcrops is carried out by casting process,a large-scale experimental setup for visualizing rough fractures is built to per... A three-dimensional reconstruction of rough fracture surfaces of hydraulically fractured rock outcrops is carried out by casting process,a large-scale experimental setup for visualizing rough fractures is built to perform proppant transport experiments.The typical characteristics of proppant transport and placement in rough fractures and its intrinsic mechanisms are investigated,and the influences of fracture inclination,fracture width and fracturing fluid viscosity on proppant transport and placement in rough fractures are analyzed.The results show that the rough fractures cause variations in the shape of the flow channel and the fluid flow pattern,resulting in the bridging buildup during proppant transport to form unfilled zone,the emergence of multiple complex flow patterns such as channeling,reverse flow and bypassing of sand-carrying fluid,and the influence on the stability of the sand dune.The proppant has a higher placement rate in inclined rough fractures,with a maximum increase of 22.16 percentage points in the experiments compared to vertical fractures,but exhibits poor stability of the sand dune.Reduced fracture width aggravates the bridging of proppant and induces higher pumping pressure.Increasing the viscosity of the fracturing fluid can weaken the proppant bridging phenomenon caused by the rough fractures. 展开更多
关键词 reservoir fracturing rough fracture PROPPANT transport and placement characteristics bridging buildup
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Investigation of the epidemiology,pathogenicity and immunogenicity of Bordetella bronchiseptica isolated from cats and dogs in China from 2021 to 2023 被引量:1
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作者 Qinghua Shang Wenhui Gao +7 位作者 Xiangting Zhang Jianqing Zhao Ying Wu Haoqi Li Ming Zhou Zhen F.Fu Chengguang Zhang Ling Zhao 《Animal Diseases》 CAS 2024年第3期156-172,共17页
Bordetella bronchiseptica(Bb)is recognized as a leading cause of respiratory diseases in dogs and cats.However,epidemiological data on Bb in dogs and cats in China are still limited,and there is no commercially availa... Bordetella bronchiseptica(Bb)is recognized as a leading cause of respiratory diseases in dogs and cats.However,epidemiological data on Bb in dogs and cats in China are still limited,and there is no commercially available vaccine.Live vaccines containing Bb that are widely used abroad are generally efective but can establish latency and potentially reactivate to cause illness in some immunodefcient vaccinated recipients,raising safety concerns.In this study,34 canine-derived and two feline-derived Bb strains were isolated from 1809 canine and 113 feline nasopharyngeal swab samples collected from eight provinces in China from 2021 to 2023.The PCR results showed that the percentage of positive Bb was 22.94%(441/1922),and more than 90%of the Bb isolates had four virulence factor-encoding genes(VFGs),namely,fhaB,prn,betA and dnt.All the isolated strains displayed a multidrug-resistant phenotype.The virulence of 10 Bb strains isolated from dogs with respiratory symptoms was tested in mice,and we found that eight isolates were highly virulent.Furthermore,the eight Bb isolates with high virulence were inactivated and intramuscularly injected into mice,and three Bb strains(WH1218,WH1203 and WH1224)with the best protective efcacy were selected.Dogs immunized with these three strains exhibited strong protection against challenge with the Bb feld strain WH1218.Ultimately,the WH1218 strain with the greatest protection in dogs was selected as the vaccine candidate.Dogs and cats that received a vaccine containing 109 CFU of the inactivated WH1218 strain showed complete protection against challenge with the Bb feld strain WH1218.This study revealed that Bb is an important pathogen that causes respiratory diseases in domestic dogs and cats in China,and all the isolates exhibited multidrug resistance.The present work contributes to the current understanding of the prevalence,antimicrobial resistance,and virulence genes of Bb in domestic dogs and cats.Additionally,our results suggest that the WH1218 strain is a promising candidate safe and efcacious inactivated Bb vaccine. 展开更多
关键词 Bordetella bronchiseptica epidemiological investigation PATHOGENICITY IMMUNOGENICITY Inactivated vaccine
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Effect of fracture fluid flowback on shale microfractures using CT scanning 被引量:2
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作者 Jiale He Zhihong Zhao +6 位作者 Yiran Geng Yuping Chen Jianchun Guo Cong Lu Shouyi Wang Xueliang Han Jun Zhang 《Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第2期426-436,共11页
The field data of shale fracturing demonstrate that the flowback performance of fracturing fluid is different from that of conventional reservoirs,where the flowback rate of shale fracturing fluid is lower than that o... The field data of shale fracturing demonstrate that the flowback performance of fracturing fluid is different from that of conventional reservoirs,where the flowback rate of shale fracturing fluid is lower than that of conventional reservoirs.At the early stage of flowback,there is no single-phase flow of the liquid phase in shale,but rather a gas-water two-phase flow,such that the single-phase flow model for tight oil and gas reservoirs is not applicable.In this study,pores and microfractures are extracted based on the experimental results of computed tomography(CT)scanning,and a spatial model of microfractures is established.Then,the influence of rough microfracture surfaces on the flow is corrected using the modified cubic law,which was modified by introducing the average deviation of the microfracture height as a roughness factor to consider the influence of microfracture surface roughness.The flow in the fracture network is simulated using the modified cubic law and the lattice Boltzmann method(LBM).The results obtained demonstrate that most of the fracturing fluid is retained in the shale microfractures,which explains the low fracturing fluid flowback rate in shale hydraulic fracturing. 展开更多
关键词 SHALE Flowback of fracturing fluid MICROfracturE Lattice Boltzmann method(LBM)
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Complication rates after direct anterior vs posterior approach for hip hemiarthroplasty in elderly individuals with femoral neck fractures 被引量:3
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作者 Tatiana Charles Nicolas Bloemers +1 位作者 Bilal Kapanci Marc Jayankura 《World Journal of Orthopedics》 2024年第1期22-29,共8页
BACKGROUND Dislocation rates after hemiarthroplasty reportedly vary from 1%to 17%.This serious complication is associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates.Approaches to this surgery are still debated,with ... BACKGROUND Dislocation rates after hemiarthroplasty reportedly vary from 1%to 17%.This serious complication is associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates.Approaches to this surgery are still debated,with no consensus regarding the superiority of any single approach.AIM To compare early postoperative complications after implementing the direct anterior and posterior approaches(PL)for hip hemiarthroplasty after femoral neck fractures.METHODS This is a comparative,retrospective,single-center cohort study conducted at a university hospital.Between March 2008 and December 2018,273 patients(a total of 280 hips)underwent bipolar hemiarthroplasties(n=280)for displaced femoral neck fractures using either the PL(n=171)or the minimally invasive direct anterior approach(DAA)(n=109).The choice of approach was related to the surgeons’practices;the implant types were similar and unrelated to the approach.Dislocation rates and other complications were reviewed after a minimum followup of 6 mo.RESULTS Both treatment groups had similarly aged patients(mean age:82 years),sex ratios,patient body mass indexes,and patient comorbidities.Surgical data(surgery delay time,operative time,and blood loss volume)did not differ significantly between the groups.The 30 d mortality rate was higher in the PL group(9.9%)than in the DAA group(3.7%),but the difference was not statistically significant(P=0.052).Among the one-month survivors,a significantly higher rate of dislocation was observed in the PL group(14/154;9.1%)than in the DAA group(0/105;0%)(P=0.002).Of the 14 patients with dislocation,8 underwent revision surgery for recurrent instability(posterior group),and one of them had 2 additional procedures due to a deep infection.The rate of other complications(e.g.,perioperative and early postoperative periprosthetic fractures and infection-related complications)did not differ significantly between the groups.CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the DAA to bipolar hemiarthroplasty for patients with femoral neck fractures is associated with a lower dislocation rate(<1%)than the PL. 展开更多
关键词 HEMIARTHROPLASTY Femoral neck fracture Direct anterior approach Posterior approach DISLOCATION MORTALITY
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Evaluating the stability and volumetric flowback rate of proppant packs in hydraulic fractures using the lattice Boltzmann-discrete element coupling method 被引量:1
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作者 Duo Wang Sanbai Li +2 位作者 Rui Wang Binhui Li Zhejun Pan 《Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第6期2052-2063,共12页
The stability and mobility of proppant packs in hydraulic fractures during hydrocarbon production are numerically investigated by the lattice Boltzmann-discrete element coupling method(LB-DEM).This study starts with a... The stability and mobility of proppant packs in hydraulic fractures during hydrocarbon production are numerically investigated by the lattice Boltzmann-discrete element coupling method(LB-DEM).This study starts with a preliminary proppant settling test,from which a solid volume fraction of 0.575 is calibrated for the proppant pack in the fracture.In the established workflow to investigate proppant flowback,a displacement is applied to the fracture surfaces to compact the generated proppant pack as well as further mimicking proppant embedment under closure stress.When a pressure gradient is applied to drive the fluid-particle flow,a critical aperture-to-diameter ratio of 4 is observed,above which the proppant pack would collapse.The results also show that the volumetric proppant flowback rate increases quadratically with the fracture aperture,while a linear variation between the particle flux and the pressure gradient is exhibited for a fixed fracture aperture.The research outcome contributes towards an improved understanding of proppant flowback in hydraulic fractures,which also supports an optimised proppant size selection for hydraulic fracturing operations. 展开更多
关键词 Numerical simulation Hydraulic fracturing Proppant flowback Closure stress Particulate flow
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The Chinese skeleton: insights into microstructure that help to explain the epidemiology of fracture 被引量:13
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作者 Elaine Cong Marcella D Walker 《Bone Research》 SCIE CAS 2014年第2期80-92,共13页
Osteoporotic fractures are a major public health problem worldwide, but incidence varies greatly across racial groups and geographic regions. Recent work suggests that the incidence of osteoporotic fracture is rising ... Osteoporotic fractures are a major public health problem worldwide, but incidence varies greatly across racial groups and geographic regions. Recent work suggests that the incidence of osteoporotic fracture is rising among Asian populations. Studies comparing areal bone mineral density and fracture across races generally indicate lower bone mineral density in Asian individuals including the Chinese, but this does not reflect their relatively low risk of non-vertebral fractures. In contrast, the Chinese have relatively high vertebral fracture rates similar to that of Caucasians. The paradoxically low risk for some types of fractures among the Chinese despite their low areal bone mineral density has been elucidated in part by recent advances in skeletal imaging. New techniques for assessing bone quality non-invasively demonstrate that the Chinese compensate for smaller bone size by differences in hip geometry and microstructural skeletal organization. Studies evaluating factors influencing racial differences in bone remodeling, as well as bone acquisition and loss, may further elucidate racial variation in bone microstructure. Advances in understanding the microstructure of the Chinese skeleton have not only helped to explain the epidemiology of fracture in the Chinese, but may also provide insight into the epidemiology of fracture in other races as well. 展开更多
关键词 bone insights into microstructure that help to explain the epidemiology of fracture The Chinese skeleton
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Comparative efficacy of proximal femoral nail vs dynamic condylar screw in treating unstable intertrochanteric fractures 被引量:1
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作者 Ahmed Mohamed Yousif Mohamed Monzir Salih +2 位作者 Mohanad Abdulgadir Ayman E Abbas Duha Lutfi Turjuman 《World Journal of Orthopedics》 2024年第8期796-806,共11页
BACKGROUND Among the most frequent hip fractures are trochanteric fractures,which usually occur from low-energy trauma like minor falls,especially in older people with osteoporotic bones.AIM To evaluate the treatment ... BACKGROUND Among the most frequent hip fractures are trochanteric fractures,which usually occur from low-energy trauma like minor falls,especially in older people with osteoporotic bones.AIM To evaluate the treatment efficacy of dynamic condylar screws(DCS)and proximal femoral nails(PFN)for unstable intertrochanteric fractures.METHODS To find pertinent randomized controlled trials and retrospective observational studies comparing PFN with DCS for the management of unstable femoral intertrochanteric fractures,a thorough search was carried out.For research studies published between January 1996 and April 2024,PubMed,EMBASE,Scopus,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,and Google Scholar were all searched.The complete texts of the papers were retrieved,vetted,and independently examined by two investigators.Disputes were settled by consensus,and any disagreements that persisted were arbitrated by a third author.RESULTS This study included six articles,comprising a total of 173 patients.Compared to the DCS,the PFN had a shorter operation time[mean difference(MD):-41.7 min,95%confidence interval(95%CI):-63.04 to-20.35,P=0.0001],higher success rates with closed reduction techniques[risk ratio(RR):34.05,95%CI:11.12-104.31,P<0.00001],and required less intraoperative blood transfusion(MD:-1.4 units,95%CI:-1.80 to-1.00,P<0.00001).Additionally,the PFN showed shorter fracture union time(MD:-6.92 wk,95%CI:-10.27 to-3.57,P<0.0001)and a lower incidence of reoperation(RR:0.37,95%CI:0.17-0.82,P=0.01).However,there was no discernible variation regarding hospital stay,implant-related complications,and infections.CONCLUSION Compared to DCS,PFN offers shorter operative times,reduces the blood transfusions requirements,achieves higher closed reduction success,enables faster fracture healing,and lowers reoperation incidence. 展开更多
关键词 Intertrochanteric fracture UNSTABLE Dynamic condylar screw Proximal femoral nail META-ANALYSIS Comparative study
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Epidemiology of Mpox Outbreaks and Implications for Surveillance in Imo State, Nigeria
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作者 Adeniyi A. Adeniran Ebubechi C. Eronini +15 位作者 Olugbenga Asaolu Simisola Adedeji Adaeze Joy Ugwu Marcus Oludare Faith Ehiaghe Ugba Aibinuomo Ayomide Oluwaseyi Tella Adedamola Dania Oluyinka Olayiwola Olanike Suliat Oladele Tinuola Daniel Musa Haruna Adebayo O. Amao John O. Ibitoye Oluwagbemiga Obembe Christopher Obanubi Abdulmalik Abubakar 《Advances in Infectious Diseases》 CAS 2024年第1期206-212,共7页
Mpox disease is caused by a double-stranded DNA virus, genus Orthopoxvirus of the family Poxviridae. The incubation period is usually 6 to 13 days but can range from 5 to 21 days while symptoms and signs may persist f... Mpox disease is caused by a double-stranded DNA virus, genus Orthopoxvirus of the family Poxviridae. The incubation period is usually 6 to 13 days but can range from 5 to 21 days while symptoms and signs may persist for 2 to 5 weeks. Although, the clinical features are usually less severe when compared to the deadly smallpox, the disease can be fatal with case fatality rate between 1% and 10%. In Imo State, Nigeria, there has been a changing epidemiology of the disease in the last 6 years and the frequency and geographic distribution of cases have progressively increased. This study aims to conduct a review of the disease epidemiology between 2017 and 2023 and implications for surveillance in Imo State. Surveillance data from the Surveillance Outbreak Response and Management System (SORMAS) was extracted between January 2017 and December 2023 across the 27 Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Imo State. A line list of 231 suspected cases was downloaded into an excel template and analyzed using SPSS<sup>®</sup> version 20 software. Analysis was done using descriptive statistics and associations were tested using Fischer’s exact at 0.05 level of significance. Of the 231 suspected cases, 57.1% (132) were males, 42.9% (99) were females and the modal age group was between the ages of 0 - 4 (32.5%). Eight (8) LGAs (districts) accounted for 71% (n = 164) of all the suspected cases. 21.2% (49) were confirmed positive, 27 males (55.1%) and 22 females (44.9%) (p > 0.05). Modal age group was 20 - 24 (22.4%, n = 11), 18% (9) were children under 14 years, p > 0.05. Case fatality rate was 8% (n = 4). There was no significant association between mortality and age group. Five (5) LGAs accounted for about 60% (29) of all confirmed cases. These LGAs contribute only 20% to the total population in the State. Only 5.6% and 4% of suspected and confirmed cases, respectively, had knowledge of contact with an infectious source. The study described the epidemiology of Mpox outbreaks between 2017 and 2023 and the findings have significant implications on detection and outbreak response activities. 展开更多
关键词 Mpox epidemiology OUTBREAK SURVEILLANCE
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How to use the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)data:research design and methodology
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作者 Wen-Qiang Che Yuan-Jie Li +5 位作者 Chi-Kwan Tsang Yu-Jiao Wang Zheng Chen Xiang-Yu Wang An-Ding Xu Jun Lyu 《Military Medical Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第5期686-696,共11页
In the United States(US),the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)program is the only comprehensive source of population-based information that includes stage of cancer at the time of diagnosis and patient s... In the United States(US),the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)program is the only comprehensive source of population-based information that includes stage of cancer at the time of diagnosis and patient survival data.This program aims to provide a database about cancer incidence and survival for studies of surveillance and the development of analytical and methodological tools in the cancer field.Currently,the SEER program covers approximately half of the total cancer patients in the US.A growing number of clinical studies have applied the SEER database in various aspects.However,the intrinsic features of the SEER database,such as the huge data volume and complexity of data types,have hindered its application.In this review,we provided a systematic overview of the commonly used methodologies and study designs for retrospective epidemiological research in order to illustrate the application of the SEER database.Therefore,the goal of this review is to assist researchers in the selection of appropriate methods and study designs for enhancing the robustness and reliability of clinical studies by mining the SEER database. 展开更多
关键词 SURVEILLANCE epidemiology and End results(SEER) Big data epidemiology METHODOLOGIES Study design
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Multiple damage zones around hydraulic fractures generated by high-frequency pulsating hydraulic fracturing
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作者 Yan Peng Sheng-Jie Wei +2 位作者 Guang-Qing Zhang Da-Wei Zhou Chuang-Chao Xu 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第4期2688-2702,共15页
Pulsating hydraulic fracturing(PHF)is a promising fracturing method and can generate a dynamic periodic pressure.The periodic pressure can induce fatigue failure of rocks and decrease initiation pressure of fracture.I... Pulsating hydraulic fracturing(PHF)is a promising fracturing method and can generate a dynamic periodic pressure.The periodic pressure can induce fatigue failure of rocks and decrease initiation pressure of fracture.If the frequency of periodic pressure exceeds 10 Hz,the distribution of pressure along the main fracture will be heterogeneous,which is much different from the one induced by the common fracturing method.In this study,the impact of this special spatial feature of pressure on hydraulic fracture is mainly investigated.A coupled numerical simulation model is first proposed and verified through experimental and theoretical solutions.The mechanism of secondary fracture initiation around the main fracture is then discovered.In addition,sensitivity studies are conducted to find out the application potential of this new method.The results show that(1)this coupled numerical simulation model is accurate.Through comparison with experimental and theoretical data,the average error of this coupled model is less than 1.01%.(2)Even if a reservoir has no natural fracture,this heterogeneous distribution pressure can also cause many secondary fractures around the main fracture.(3)The mechanism of secondary fracture initiation is that this heterogeneous distribution pressure causes tensile stress at many locations along the main fracture.(4)Through adjusting the stimulation parameters,the stimulation efficiency can be improved.The average and amplitude of pressure can increase possibility of secondary fracture initiation.The frequency of this periodic pressure can increase number of secondary fractures.Even 6 secondary fractures along a 100 m-length main fracture can be generated.(5)The influence magnitudes of stimulation parameters are larger than ones of geomechanical properties,therefore,this new fracturing method has a wide application potential. 展开更多
关键词 Tight reservoir Reservoir stimulation Numerical simulation Secondary fracture fracture initiation
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Molecular Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease in North Sichuan Region, China, 2018-2023: A Descriptive Study
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作者 Zhe Xu Zheng Zhao +6 位作者 Linming Fan Manyu Liang Jinglu Chen Jia Zeng Ping Shi Xi’en Gu Zhengdong Li 《Advances in Microbiology》 CAS 2024年第6期317-332,共16页
Background: Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) remains an important public health problem in China. Many studies on the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD have been reported, but studies in North Sichuan region ... Background: Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) remains an important public health problem in China. Many studies on the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD have been reported, but studies in North Sichuan region have been neglected. Methods: HFMD-related enterovirus infected cases were clinically confirmed and underwent real-time RT-PCR (rRT-PCR) from May 2018 to October 2023 in Guangyuan Central Hospital. Results: During 2018-2023, other EV (437 cases, 81.08%) was the most predominant serotype followed by CV-A16 (94 cases, 17.44%), EV-A71 (8 cases, 1.48%) was the least predominant serotype. Peak infections occurred in July and October. There were no significant differences in gender, age and serotypes. HFMD was concentrated in children under 47 months of age, with the highest incidence in children aged 12 - 23 months and the highest proportion of other EV infections in the whole age group. COVID-19 did not cause significant changes in gender, age and serotype. Overall, there was a significant increase in the proportion of children aged 12 - 23 months infected with CV-A16, and an increase in the proportion of children aged over 36 months infected with other EVs. Conclusions: The incidence of HFMD caused by EV-A71 has decreased significantly, and other EVs have become the main pathogens of HFMD in North Sichuan region in recent years. In the prevention and control of CV-A16, more attention should be paid to children aged 12 - 23 months and the dominant serotype should be closely monitored. Our study highlights the importance of developing of new diagnostic reagents and vaccines for the prevention and control of enterovirus infection. This study for the first time provides insights into district interventions to local conditions. 展开更多
关键词 ENTEROVIRUS HFMD epidemiology Clinical Characteristics
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Visualization and characterization of experimental hydraulic fractures interacting with karst fracture-cavity distributions
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作者 Hanzhi Yang Xin Chang +4 位作者 Chunhe Yang Wuhao Guo Lei Wang Guokai Zhao Yintong Guo 《Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第5期1667-1683,共17页
Karst fracture-cavity carbonate reservoirs,in which natural cavities are connected by natural fractures to form cavity clusters in many circumstances,have become significant fields of oil and gas exploration and explo... Karst fracture-cavity carbonate reservoirs,in which natural cavities are connected by natural fractures to form cavity clusters in many circumstances,have become significant fields of oil and gas exploration and exploitation.Proppant fracturing is considered as the best method for exploiting carbonate reservoirs;however,previous studies primarily focused on the effects of individual types of geological formations,such as natural fractures or cavities,on fracture propagation.In this study,true-triaxial physical simulation experiments were systematically performed under four types of stress difference conditions after the accurate prefabrication of four types of different fracture-cavity distributions in artificial samples.Subsequently,the interaction mechanism between the hydraulic fractures and fracture-cavity structures was systematically analyzed in combination with the stress distribution,cross-sectional morphology of the main propagation path,and three-dimensional visualization of the overall fracture network.It was found that the propagation of hydraulic fractures near the cavity was inhibited by the stress concentration surrounding the cavity.In contrast,a natural fracture with a smaller approach angle(0°and 30°)around the cavity can alleviate the stress concentration and significantly facilitate the connection with the cavity.In addition,the hydraulic fracture crossed the natural fracture at the 45°approach angle and bypassed the cavity under higher stress difference conditions.A new stimulation effectiveness evaluation index was established based on the stimulated reservoir area(SRA),tortuosity of the hydraulic fractures(T),and connectivity index(CI)of the cavities.These findings provide new insights into the fracturing design of carbonate reservoirs. 展开更多
关键词 Karst fracture-cavity reservoir fracturing experiment fracture propagation Cross-sectional morphology Stimulation effectiveness
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Measurement,associations,patterns,and promotion:Unveiling vital areas in physical activity epidemiology
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作者 Kara M.Whitaker Guest editor Michael J.LaMonte 《Journal of Sport and Health Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第5期605-607,共3页
Physical activity(PA)epidemiology first emerged as a new field of study around the 1950s with publication of seminal investigations on London civil servants1 and has continued to evolve as a scientific discipline to p... Physical activity(PA)epidemiology first emerged as a new field of study around the 1950s with publication of seminal investigations on London civil servants1 and has continued to evolve as a scientific discipline to present time.This subdiscipline of epidemiology studies the frequencies,distributions,and dynamics of PA and its impact on human health,morbidity,and mortality.Research over the past 75 years has demonstrated numerous health benefits of PA.Based on these research findings,the World Health Organization recommends adults aged 18-64 years engage in at least 150-300 min of moderate-intensity aerobic PA per week,or at least 75-150 min of vigorous-intensity aerobic PA per week,or a combination of both intensities. 展开更多
关键词 epidemiology PROMOTION continued
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A novel dandelion-based bionic proppant and its transportation mechanism in different types of fractures
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作者 Jun Li Ming-Yi Wu +2 位作者 Xu Han Si-Yuan He Ze-Yu Lin 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第4期2583-2599,共17页
Low-permeability reservoirs are generally characterized by low porosity and low permeability.Obtaining high production using the traditional method is technologically challenging because it yields a low reservoir reco... Low-permeability reservoirs are generally characterized by low porosity and low permeability.Obtaining high production using the traditional method is technologically challenging because it yields a low reservoir recovery factor.In recent years,hydraulic fracturing technology is widely applied for efficiently exploiting and developing low-permeability reservoirs using a low-viscosity fluid as a fracturing fluid.However,the transportation of the proppant is inefficient in the low-viscosity fluid,and the proppant has a low piling-up height in fracture channels.These key challenges restrict the fluid(natural gas or oil)flow in fracture channels and their functional flow areas,reducing the profits of hydrocarbon exploitation.This study aimed to explore and develop a novel dandelion-bionic proppant by modifying the surface of the proppant and the fiber.Its structure was similar to that of dandelion seeds,and it had high transport and stacking efficiency in low-viscosity liquids compared with the traditional proppant.Moreover,the transportation efficiency of this newly developed proppant was investigated experimentally using six different types of fracture models(tortuous fracture model,rough fracture model,narrow fracture model,complex fracture model,large-scale single fracture model,and small-scale single fracture model).Experimental results indicated that,compared with the traditional proppant,the transportation efficiency and the packing area of the dandelion-based bionic proppant significantly improved in tap water or low-viscosity fluid.Compared with the traditional proppant,the dandelionbased bionic proppant had 0.1-4 times longer transportation length,0.3-5 times higher piling-up height,and 2-10 times larger placement area.The newly developed proppant also had some other extraordinary features.The tortuosity of the fracture did not influence the transportation of the novel proppant.This proppant could easily enter the branch fracture and narrow fracture with a high packing area in rough surface fractures.Based on the aforementioned characteristics,this novel proppant technique could improve the proppant transportation efficiency in the low-viscosity fracturing fluid and increase the ability of the proppant to enter the secondary fracture.This study might provide a new solution for effectively exploiting low-permeability hydrocarbon reservoirs. 展开更多
关键词 Dandelion-based bionic proppant Low-viscosity fracturing fluid Unconventional reservoir Volumetric fracturing stimulation
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Management of geriatric acetabular fractures:Contemporary treatment strategies
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作者 Theodoros Tosounidis Byron Chalidis 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 SCIE 2024年第13期2151-2156,共6页
Acetabular fractures in the geriatric population are typically low-energy fractures resulting from a fall from standing height.Compromised bone quality in the elderly,as well as this population’s concomitant medical ... Acetabular fractures in the geriatric population are typically low-energy fractures resulting from a fall from standing height.Compromised bone quality in the elderly,as well as this population’s concomitant medical comorbidities,render the management of such fractures challenging and controversial.Non-operative management remains the mainstay of treatment,although such a choice is associated with numerous and serious complications related to both the hip joint as well as the general condition of the patient.On the other hand,operatively treating acetabular fractures(e.g.,with osteosynthesis or total hip arthroplasty)is gaining popularity.Osteosynthesis can be performed with open reduction and internal fixation or with minimally invasive techniques.Total hip arthroplasty could be performed either in the acute phase combined with osteosynthesis or as a delayed procedure after a period of non-operative management or after failed osteosynthesis of the acetabulum.Regardless of the implemented treatment,orthogeriatric co-management is considered extremely crucial,and it is currently one of the pillars of a successful outcome after an acetabular fracture. 展开更多
关键词 Acetabular fractures Geriatric fractures fracture fixation Total hip arthroplasty MORTALITY MORBIDITY
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Beyond the imaging evaluation of fractures of the lateral process of the talus:Let’s not forget concomitant injuries
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作者 Cristian Lindner Pedro Reyes +1 位作者 Eduardo Molina Andrés Olave 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 SCIE 2024年第30期6410-6412,共3页
Fractures of the lateral process of the talus(FLPT)are uncommon fractures that represent a clinical challenge.Traditional radiological classification systems rely predominantly on radiographic findings.However,due to ... Fractures of the lateral process of the talus(FLPT)are uncommon fractures that represent a clinical challenge.Traditional radiological classification systems rely predominantly on radiographic findings.However,due to the high rate of FLPT misdiagnosis and the limited accuracy in evaluating concomitant talar injuries through plain radiographs,novel imaging classification systems have been developed that aim to enhance the diagnosis of concomitant talar injuries,thereby optimizing patient management and reducing the incidence of long-term complications. 展开更多
关键词 TALUS Bone fracture Subtalar joint Hindfoot injuries fracture of the talus Intraarticular fracture
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