Shake-table testing of a self-centering precast reinforced concrete frame with shear walls

The seismic performance of a self-centering precast reinforced concrete （RC） frame with shear walls was investigated in this paper. The lateral force resistance was provided by self-centering precast RC shear walls （SPCW）, which utilize a combination ofunbonded prestressed post-tensioned （PT） tendons and mild steel reinforcing bars for flexural resistance across base joints. The structures concentrated deformations at the bottom joints and the unbonded PT tendons provided the self-centering restoring force. A 1/3-scale model of a five-story self-centering RC frame with shear walls was designed and tested on a shake-table under a series of bi-directional earthquake excitations with increasing intensity. The acceleration response, roof displacement, inter-story drifts, residual drifts, shear force ratios, hysteresis curves, and local behaviour of the test specimen were analysed and evaluated. The results demonstrated that seismic performance of the test specimen was satisfactory in the plane of the shear wall; however, the structure sustained inter-story drift levels up to 2.45%. Negligible residual drifts were recorded after all applied earthquake excitations. Based on the shake-table test results, it is feasible to apply and popularize a self-centering precast RC frame with shear walls as a structural system in seismic regions.

Shaking table experimental study of recycled concrete frame-shear wall structures

In this study, four 1/5 scaled shaking table tests were conducted to investigate the seismic performance of recycled concrete frame-shear wall structures with different recycled aggregates replacement rates and concealed bracing detail. The four tested structures included one normal concrete model, one recycled coarse aggregate concrete model, and two recycled coarse and fi ne aggregate concrete models with or without concealed bracings inside the shear walls. The dynamic characteristics, dynamic response and failure mode of each model were compared and analyzed. Finite element models were also developed and nonlinear time-history response analysis was conducted. The test and analysis results show that the seismic performance of the recycled coarse aggregate concrete frame-shear wall structure is slightly worse than the normal concrete structure. The seismic resistance capacity of the recycled concrete frame-shear wall structure can be greatly improved by setting up concealed bracings inside the walls. With appropriate design, the recycled coarse aggregate concrete frame-shear wall structure and recycled concrete structure with concealed bracings inside the walls can be applied in buildings.

In-Plane Shear Performance of Wood-Framed Drywall Sheathing Wall Systems under Cyclic Racking Loading

A pilot study was conducted at Penn State University to determine whether the type of drywall joint compound would influence the shear strength of wood-frame stud walls sheathed with Gypsum Wall Board (GWB or drywall). In this study, five 2438 mm by 2438 mm specimens were tested under in-plane cyclic racking loading following the CUREE loading protocol for light-frame wall systems. Three specimens were finished using non-cement based joint compound while the other two used cement based joint compound. Based on the experimental testing of the specimens, the results show that the use of cement based joint compound on drywall joints produces higher shear capacity for the wall system as compared to similar specimens finished with conventional non-cement based joint compound. The result of the study is particularly important for high seismic regions where interior stud walls in residential construction effectively take part in seismic resistance even though wood shear walls are normally used on exterior walls.

An effective simplified model of composite compression struts for partially-restrained steel frame with reinforced concrete infill walls

To resolve the issue regarding inaccurate prediction of the hysteretic behavior by micro-based numerical analysis for partially-restrained（PR）steel frames with solid reinforced concrete（RC）infill walls,an innovative simplified model of composite compression struts is proposed on the basis of experimental observation on the cracking distribution,load transferring mechanism,and failure modes of RC infill walls filled in PR steel frame.The proposed composite compression struts model for the solid RC infill walls is composed ofαinclined struts and main diagonal struts.Theαinclined struts are used to reflect the part of the lateral force resisted by shear connectors along the frame-wall interface,while the main diagonal struts are introduced to take into account the rest of the lateral force transferred along the diagonal direction due to the complicated interaction between the steel frame and RC infill walls.This study derives appropriate formulas for the effective widths of theαinclined strut and main diagonal strut,respectively.An example of PR steel frame with RC infill walls simulating simulated by the composite inclined compression struts model is illustrated.The maximum lateral strength and the hysteresis curve shape obtained from the proposed composite strut model are in good agreement with those from the test results,and the backbone curve of a PR steel frame with RC infill walls can be predicted precisely when the inter-story drift is within 1%.This simplified model can also predict the structural stiffness and the equivalent viscous damping ratio well when the inter-story drift ratio exceeds 0.5%.

Research on Seismic Design of High-Rise Buildings Based on Framed-Shear Structural System

Under the rapidly advancing economic trends,people’s requirements for the functionality and architectural artistry of high-rise structures are constantly increasing,and in order to meet such modern requirements,it is necessary to diversify the functions of high-rise buildings and complicate the building form.At present,the main structural systems of high-rise buildings are:frame structure,shear wall structure,frame shear structure,and tube structure.Different structural systems determine the size of the load-bearing capacity,lateral stiffness,and seismic performance,as well as the amount of material used and the cost.This project is mainly concerned with the seismic design of frame shear structural systems,which are widely used today.

Shear-resistant behavior of light composite shear wall

Shear test results for a composite wall panel in a light composite structure system are compared with test results for shear walls in Japan.The analysis results show that this kind of composite wall panel works very well,and can be regarded as a solid panel.The composite wall panel with a hidden frame is essential for bringing its effect on shear resistance into full play.Comprehensive analysis of the shear-resistant behavior of the composite wall panel suggests that the shear of the composite shear wall panel can be controlled by the cracking strength of the web shearing diagonal crack.

钢管混凝土键连接框架梁和剪力墙的受剪性能

目的 研究钢管混凝土键连接框架梁和剪力墙的受剪性能,为工程应用提供设计依据。方法 应用有限元分析软件ABAQUS对比钢管混凝土键连接与现浇连接梁墙的结构受剪性能,分析前者受剪机理及不同因素对受剪性能的影响。结果 钢管混凝土键连接梁墙的结构承载力和延性系数较现浇结构分别提高约10%和34%;钢材强度从Q235到Q390,初始刚度增加8.44%;截面高度从100 mm到120 mm,延性系数提高17.73%;截面厚度每增加2 mm,承载力提高约15%;截面长度和混凝土强度等级对承载力、初始刚度和延性系数的影响均小于15%,纵向距离对其受剪性能几乎无影响。结论 采用钢管混凝土键连接梁墙的结构总体受剪性能优于现浇结构;钢材强度和截面厚度分别是影响初始刚度和承载力的主要因素。

装配式轻钢框架-轻钢骨架轻混凝土墙板结构抗震性能

为研究装配式轻钢框架-轻钢骨架轻混凝土墙板结构抗震性能,对1个足尺轻钢框架结构试件和3个足尺轻钢框架-轻钢骨架轻混凝土墙板结构试件进行了低周反复荷载下的抗震性能试验及理论分析,试件变量包括:2种装配构造,即内嵌式装配墙板、外贴式装配墙板;2种轻钢骨架轻混凝土墙板,即框架式轻钢骨架轻混凝土墙板、桁架式轻钢骨架轻混凝土墙板。研究了各试件的破坏特征和损伤演化过程,分析了结构滞回特性、承载力、变形能力、刚度退化、耗能性能和应变。结果表明:装配式轻钢框架-轻钢骨架轻混凝土墙板结构共同工作性能良好,其水平承载力相比轻钢框架提高了204.7%~210.4%,抗侧刚度提高了257.3%~512.5%,结构变形及耗能能力有显著提高;内嵌墙板的自攻钉连接构造以及外贴墙板的螺栓连接构造传力性能可靠,结构具备2道抗震防线的受力特征;基于简化塑性分析模型以及拉压杆软化桁架模型,对试件承载力进行了计算,计算结果与试验符合较好。

新增部分剪力墙的框架结构抗震性能研究

在框架结构中新增部分剪力墙,能够明显提升结构的抗震性能,框架与新增部分剪力墙之间新老混凝土界面受力行为是结构分析的关键问题。运用ABAQUS有限元软件,基于新老混凝土界面模拟方法,建立了4个高宽比为1.5的框架-剪力墙模型,通过低周往复加载,研究了新老混凝土界面参数、新增剪力墙的混凝土强度、墙与框架的连接方式对承载力的影响。分析了新增部分剪力墙的框架结构和整浇框架-剪力墙结构在破坏形态、承载力和延性等抗震性能方面的差异。研究结果表明:新增部分剪力墙的框架结构的屈服荷载和峰值荷载都小于整浇框架-剪力墙结构,新增墙体端部设暗柱,不与框架柱连接的方式和分布筋全部插入框架的方式在承载力上相差不大。最后,给出了新增部分剪力墙的框架结构的水平承载力计算公式。

钢筋-砂浆面层交叉条带加固带填充墙框架抗震性能试验研究

为研究钢筋-砂浆面层交叉条带加固带填充墙框架结构的抗震性能并建立受剪承载力计算公式,设计制作了8榀低矮填充墙框架结构、3榀高窄填充墙框架结构、1榀未设钢筋-砂浆面层交叉条带加固的对照试件,进行了抗震性能试验。结果表明:钢筋-砂浆面层交叉条带加固带填充墙框架的受剪承载力受混凝土强度、框架柱截面尺寸以及交叉条带配筋量影响较大,加固后受剪承载力最高可提升40%;加固后试件的耗能能力和延性均有一定程度的提升;在填充墙上增设的钢筋-砂浆面层交叉条带可视为协助框架结构受力的拉压杆体系。对试验数据进行拟合得到加固后试件受剪承载力计算公式,结果表明:框架、填充墙和交叉条带之间有承载力协同效果,填充墙框架结构的公式计算值和试验值吻合较好。

框架承担倾覆力矩的合理计算方法

为理清框架倾覆力矩的相关概念区别,并给出各自合理计算方法,对计算框架、支撑、框架+支撑、局部框架或者局部框架+支撑倾覆力矩的统一解法进行总结,给出相应的力学法。指出框架倾覆力矩和框架承担倾覆力矩之间的显著区别,给出两者的异同以及建筑结构中框架承担倾覆力矩的计算原则,并进一步给出合理计算框架承担倾覆力矩的方法,即修正的统一解法。修正的统一解法适用于一般建筑结构和带竖向构件转换的结构,也适用于带伸臂框架-核心筒结构。最后对典型结构算例的框架承担倾覆力矩进行计算分析,结果合理可行。

不同类型地震动下RC框剪结构协同工作对比分析

确保强震下双重抗侧力结构的协同工作是实现多道抗震防线的关键。基于地震动特性分析,对比了普通地震动、远场长周期地震动、近断层向前方向性地震动及近断层滑冲型地震动作用下RC框架-剪力墙结构的协同工作性能,并分析了刚度特征值及结构周期对其的影响;最后初步提出了特殊地震动作用下RC框架-剪力墙结构考虑内力重分配的框架剪力调整方法,并将其与规范中的调整方法进行了对比。结果表明:三类特殊地震动作用下的框架剪力分担率均大于普通地震动,尤其是远场长周期地震动,在地震动强度较小时也能使框架剪力出现较大增长;周期较大结构的中下部楼层框架剪力增大较快;结构框架剪力分担率随刚度特征值的增大而增大,但内力重分配程度逐渐减小;建议在结构抗震设计时,考虑不同类型地震动特性和刚度特征值对结构内力重分配的影响。

高层框架剪力墙隔震结构剪力墙合理刚度研究

针对高层框架剪力墙隔震体系,基于隔震层上部框架剪力墙协同工作原理,建立了高层框架剪力墙基础隔震结构在倒梯形荷载作用下的简化模型,推导了倒梯形荷载作用下结构的最大层间弹性位移角表达式。采用弯剪型三质点模型,进一步推导了三质点模型的质量矩阵和柔度矩阵,利用振型分解反应谱法,根据底部剪力相等原理,得到了以层间位移角为限值约束条件下的剪力墙合理刚度表达式。提出了高层框架剪力墙隔震体系的剪力墙合理刚度交互设计方案。最后以一栋12层的框架剪力墙隔震结构为数值算例,按照剪力墙合理刚度的理论推导和交互设计方案,进行剪力墙合理刚度的计算和设计,通过数据分析验证了本文提出的算法和设计方案是可行的,可以为结构设计提供参考。

远近场地震动对隔震建筑抗震韧性影响分析

不同类型的地震动对隔震结构的地震响应和抗震韧性影响不同,为进一步探究其影响的差异,本文以北京地区某7层RC框架-剪力墙隔震结构为例,分别选取近场脉冲地震动、近场无脉冲地震动和远场地震动各11条进行设防地震和罕遇地震下的弹塑性分析计算及抗震韧性评价。分析结果表明:在地震作用下,远场地震动与近场无脉冲地震动响应相近;近场脉冲地震动对层间位移角、楼层加速度的影响远大于其他两类地震动,隔震层位移均值接近规定限值;近场脉冲地震动因其极大的地震响应导致抗震韧性评价各项指标远不如其他两类地震动,设防地震下远近场地震动均满足抗震韧性一星水准,罕遇地震下近场无脉冲地震动和远场地震动均满足韧性三星,而近场脉冲地震动只能达到韧性二星水准。研究结果可为地震灾害防范和隔震结构韧性设计提供参考。

地铁车辆基地全框支剪力墙结构层间位移角限值讨论

车辆基地全框支剪力墙结构是新型的结构形式,在工程实践中有对底部框架侧向刚度控制得过于严格的现象,相关设计标准中要求底部框架层间位移角不宜大于1/2 000。讨论了控制上部剪力墙结构层间位移角的依据、目的和计算中存在的问题,比较了底盘平面大小对底部框架层间位移角的影响。建议车辆基地全框支剪力墙结构上部剪力墙的层间位移角限值按广东省标准《高层建筑混凝土结构技术规程》(DBJ/T 15-92—2021)取为多遇地震作用下1/450;在保证上部剪力墙先于底部框支框架屈服的前提下,大幅度放松底部框架层间位移角限值及非两区八类建筑全框支剪力墙减隔震结构层间位移角限值,也取为多遇地震作用下1/450。实现合理的屈服机制尤为重要。

建筑工程框架剪力墙结构主体工程施工技术

框架剪力墙结构因具有布置灵活、抗荷载能力强等优势而在建筑工程中得到广泛应用。论文以某建筑工程为例,对框架剪力墙结构受力特性进行分析,重点探讨施工工艺要点,包含测量放线、钢筋工程、模板工程、结构转换层、混凝土工程的施工工艺,以提高建筑框架剪力墙施工水平。

厚板转换全框支剪力墙结构振动台试验抽层简化模型设计与分析

为研究厚板转换全框支剪力墙结构的整体抗震性能,并检验该结构转换厚板的有效性,在重庆大学土木工程学院振动台实验室开展了缩尺模型结构的模拟地震振动台试验,试验对象为某36层车辆段上盖建筑。本文阐述了厚板转换全框支剪力墙结构振动台试验中模型的设计过程;介绍了测点布置与加载方案;对比分析了不同抽层简化方案对结构的影响。研究结果表明,对于厚板转换全框支剪力墙结构,抽层后依据刚度与强度等效原则调整构件截面能有效降低简化模型与原型的误差;抽层起始位置应被保证距离试验重点研究楼层不低于3层;连续抽层层数为1层时误差最小,建议选择连续抽层层数为1层。

某部分框支剪力墙结构等效刚度比控制分析

转换层下部结构刚度对部分框支剪力墙结构的竖向刚度规则性和地震剪力传递突变程度有较大影响,等效刚度比是衡量转换层下部结构相对刚度的重要设计指标。本文对8度区某部分框支剪力墙结构等效刚度比的控制进行分析讨论。首先,通过转换层下部结构高度线性插值对等效刚度比进行修正,其次,通过调整转换层层高和转换层下部结构剪力墙厚度两种方式,分析不同等效刚度比对结构整体指标、构件受力和结构整体抗震性能的影响。结果表明,等效刚度比越大,转换层与其上一层的层间位移角比和有害层间位移角比越小,等效刚度比小于1.0时,转换层与其上一层的有害位移角比突变增大;设置转换层对转换层以上3层的地震剪力分配产生了较大影响;框支框架的相对刚度比越大,水平力传递突变程度越小;随着等效刚度比增加,结构主要屈服部位由结构底部转移至转换层以上部位。

带凹槽剪力墙-混凝土梁节点性能分析

在高层、超高层钢框架-混凝土混合结构核心筒的施工中,滑模、爬模施工工艺得到广泛应用。但在实际工程中,核心筒内部往往采用混凝土次梁,这使得滑模、爬模施工工艺的应用受到限制。针对这一实际问题,提出了带凹槽剪力墙-混凝土梁节点。在对3个不同凹槽尺寸的带凹槽剪力墙-混凝土梁节点进行加载试验的基础上,利用有限元软件ABAQUS模拟3个墙梁节点,将有限元计算结果与试验结果对比。结果表明:带凹槽剪力墙-混凝土梁节点拥有良好的承载能力,且屈服荷载与极限荷载相差较大。凹槽构造可提升节点抗剪能力,且凹槽截面尺寸的大小是带凹槽剪力墙-混凝土梁节点抗剪能力提高的主要原因。

盾构始发后靠剪力墙对反力架力学特性影响研究

[目的]由于盾构始发场地空间有限,导致反力架尺寸受限,难以单独提供足够的盾构始发反力。因此,需设计并安装反力架后靠结构,以实现两者协同受力。[方法]以上海机场联络线工程为背景,采用有限元分析方法,系统地研究了反力架与剪力墙之间的连接方式,并分析了剪力墙的纵向长度、厚度及高度等参数对反力架结构受力与变形的影响。通过模拟计算,筛选出反力架与剪力墙之间最优的连接方式以及剪力墙的最优尺寸组合。[结果及结论]反力架与剪力墙间采取贴合的连接方式,避免反力架和永久结构贴合面传递弯矩,对永久结构影响更小,并可以有效释放反力架不利部位的弯矩,使反力架受力更加合理。随着剪力墙纵向长度的加长,可显著提高反力架和剪力墙结构受力变形能力;剪力墙厚度的变化对反力架受力变形影响较小,但在一定程度上可以增强剪力墙自身受力、减小变形;剪力墙高度对反力架和剪力墙结构受力及变形的影响非常显著;当剪力墙高度小于13.5 m时,由于墙顶未锚入中板,导致反力架和剪力墙自身的受力、变形均处于不利状态。