Effective transmittance of Fabry–Perot cavity under non-parallel beam incidence

The Fabry–Perot(FP) resonant cavity is widely used in laser and spectroscopic measurements due to its unique interference transfer function(ITF). In the ideal case of parallel incident light, the ITF of the FP resonant cavity can be expressed by the Airy function. However, in reality, it is difficult to achieve perfect parallelism with collimated beams. In this article, a theoretical model is established for non-parallel light incidence, which assumes that the non-parallel incident light is a cone-shaped beam, and the cone angle is used to quantify the non-parallelism of the beam. The transmittance function of the FP resonant cavity under non-parallel light incidence is derived. The accuracy of the model is experimentally verified. Based on this model, the effects of divergence angle, tilt angle and FP cavity parameters(reflectivity, cavity length)on the ITF are studied. The reasons for the decrease in peak value, broadening and asymmetry of the interference peak under non-parallel light incidence are explained. It is suggested that a fine balance between the interference peak and the collimation effect of the incident light should be considered in the design and application of FP resonant cavities, especially for tilted applications such as angle-scanned spectroscopy. The research results of this article have certain significance for the design and application of FP resonant cavities.

Experimental Study on Force Behavior of Steel Rein forced Concrete Transfer Beam Structure with Basement of Large Space

本文通过转换梁及其下部柱中设与不设型钢骨架两种方案托柱式底层大空间转换层结构模型的对比试验，系统研究了其在垂直荷载和水平荷载作用下的受力性能、位移延性和破坏机制等．结果表明：型钢混凝土转换梁结构具有良好的受力及抗震性能，并提出了有关设计建议．

Analysis of metal transfer during electron beam welding with filler wire

The metal transfer mode of electron beam welding （EBW） with filler wire was studied experimentally. The spatial position between the electron beam and the filler wire was defined. Basing on the charge coupled device （CCD） visual sensing system, the metal transfer mode of filler wire was investigated. The results showed that there were five transfer modes during EBW process due to different wire feed rates and spatial positions between beam and filler wire, such as short-circuiting mode, molten metal bridge mode, small droplet mode, big droplet mode and mixed mode. By comparing the weld appearance of different transfer modes, the molten metal bridge transfer was proved to be the best transfer mode.

Magnet lattice design of the SSRF electron-beam transfer lines

Under three-dimensional plane geometrical constraints ( X,Y,θ ), with two asymmetric achromatic sections, the combined three-section structural FODO-like magnet lattice design is adopted and finely optimized in the SSRF electron-beam transfer lines. The magnet lattice has high flexibility and robustness, and the Courant–Snyder parameters can be easily adjusted within a wide range to meet the requirements of transmission and injection for different operation modes of the linear accelerator, booster synchrotron, and storage ring. In this article, the main parameters of the linear optics design of the SSRF electron-beam transfer lines are described, involving the physical design criteria, the total geometrical layout, the magnet lattice, and the beam Courant–Snyder parameters matching. The studies of the variant beam dynamic simulation program calculations show that the design purpose of the efficient beam transmission and injection will be basically achieved.

纳米隔热材料在板坯加热炉水梁中的应用研究

针对新型纳米绝热保温材料在高温板坯加热炉的应用,开展了传统水梁包扎方式与新型纳米隔热包扎方式的对比研究。通过数值仿真分析对不同方案隔热效果及温度分布进行了预测,并搭建水冷实验系统对采用不同包扎方式的水梁散热量进行测试分析。测试结果表明随着炉温逐步升高,纤维隔热材料的导热系数快速上升,常规纤维隔热水梁散热快速增加,而纳米隔热材料的导热系数增加较小,故此纳米隔热水梁的散热增加较为缓慢,两种方案散热量的差距随着炉温升高而逐渐增大。在此基础上开展了工程应用,应用效果与数值仿真及实验研究数据吻合良好。工程应用对比结果表明,纳米隔热水梁相对传统水梁包扎方案可实现水梁区域能耗降低25%,具有较好的经济和生态效益。

基于迁移学习的室内波束选择优化方法

使用基于深度学习的室内波束选择方法可以显著提高波束匹配概率和搜索效率,但该方法需要大型数据集来调整其大量可训练参数,导致了额外的系统开销。针对这一不足,结合一种迁移学习技术,使得目标场景神经网络以小数据集方式获得与大数据集相近的匹配精度,从而减小基于深度学习的波束选择方法中数据集大小对匹配结果产生的影响。首先使用大型数据集在一个源场景中对源神经网络进行充分训练,使得网络参数能够充分包含信道状态信息以及环境信息;而后利用源神经网络参数对目标场景中的神经网络进行不同程度初始化,使该神经网络在经过小数据集训练后依然可以获得较好的波束匹配性能。仿真结果表明,针对室内波束选择场景,在数据集有限的情况下,使用迁移学习方法进行波束选择,同样可以获得较高的匹配精度。

Enabling the transfer matrix method to model serial-parallel compliant mechanisms including curved flexure beams

Compliant mechanisms with curved flexure hinges/beams have potential advantages of small spaces,low stress levels,and flexible design parameters,which have attracted considerable attention in precision engineering,metamaterials,robotics,and so forth.However,serial-parallel configurations with curved flexure hinges/beams often lead to a complicated parametric design.Here,the transfer matrix method is enabled for analysis of both the kinetostatics and dynamics of general serial-parallel compliant mechanisms without deriving laborious formulas or combining other modeling methods.Consequently,serial-parallel compliant mechanisms with curved flexure hinges/beams can be modeled in a straightforward manner based on a single transfer matrix of Timoshenko straight beams using a step-by-step procedure.Theoretical and numerical validations on two customized XY nanopositioners comprised of straight and corrugated flexure units confirm the concise modeling process and high prediction accuracy of the presented approach.In conclusion,the present study provides an enhanced transfer matrix modeling approach to streamline the kinetostatic and dynamic analyses of general serial-parallel compliant mechanisms and beam structures,including curved flexure hinges and irregular-shaped rigid bodies.

局域共振夹芯超结构梁带隙特性及实验研究

本文提出了一种新型局域共振夹芯超结构梁,该结构由夹芯梁基体和由软材料包裹质量块组成的局域共振单元构成。分别采用传递矩阵法和有限元法计算了该结构的带隙分布和振动传输特性,搭建了局域共振夹芯超结构梁的振动传输测试实验平台,并与数值计算结果进行对比验证,最后分析了结构参数对结构带隙分布特性的调控规律。研究结果表明,该结构在低频范围内共出现两条弯曲波带隙,带隙频率分别为196.1~339.0 Hz和377.2~655.6 Hz。而完全带隙位于弯曲波带隙内,频率范围为380.0~423.6 Hz。且在这两条弯曲波带隙范围内,弯曲振动传输会发生明显的减弱现象。另外,局域共振夹芯超结构梁的结构参数会对带隙分布特性产生较大影响,通过合理选择结构参数,可以实现局域共振夹芯超结构梁低频率和高带宽的减振要求。

深圳京基东滨时代大厦超限高层塔楼结构设计

深圳京基东滨时代大厦塔楼为框架-核心筒结构,结构高度194.35m,属于超B级高度的超限高层建筑,四角及南北两侧均设有L形墙或一字形墙与框架梁平面外相接。为满足建筑功能需求,2层取消了大量楼板和外框架与核心筒相连的框架梁,形成跃层柱。41层东西两侧外框柱均往内收进,需设置托柱转换梁。以上难点增加了结构设计难度。采用性能化设计,有针对性地对关键部位采取相应的加强措施,并对特殊部位进行专项分析,如L形墙或一字形墙等特殊墙体、跃层柱、托柱转换梁等。通过弹塑性动力时程分析考察整体结构的抗震性能。计算结果表明:该结构抗震性能均能达到设计的预期目标。

某地铁上盖建筑采用厚板转换结构设计的研究

对南京5号线某地铁轨行区上盖建筑的转换层进行分析研究,论证了采用梁板转换体系、厚板转换体系的可行性,并对比分析了两种建模方式对转换厚板内力及配筋的影响。研究结果表明:在转换层高度受限的情况下,厚板转换体系可行,两种厚板转换计算模型计算结果真实可靠,设计时采用两种模型计算结果的包络值。

建筑钢筋混凝土梁式转换层施工技术

建筑中的梁式转换层作为整个结构中承受最大荷载的部分,其施工质量的好坏直接影响到建筑结构的整体安全性。因此,对于建筑钢筋混凝土梁式转换层施工技术的研究具有重要的现实意义和应用价值。本文以某具体项目为例,通过深入研究该建筑的梁式转换层施工技术,为建筑行业提供了一种新的施工方法和技术,以确保建筑结构的安全性和稳定性。同时,对于提高建筑工程质量、推动城市建设进步等方面都具有积极的推动作用。

型钢混凝土梁在盖挖逆作法地铁换乘车站中的应用研究

为尽量减少对地面交通的干扰,换乘车站的换乘节点处常常采用对地层扰动次数较多的盖挖逆作法施工。为掌握换乘节点结构中型钢混凝土梁的作用,采用三维数值模拟方法对太原地铁下元站换乘节点结构中是否采用型钢混凝土梁进行分析,并将采用型钢混凝土梁的数值模拟结果和现场变形监测数据进行对比分析。结果表明:由于型钢混凝土梁的刚度大,车站施工引起地层的位移可以得到有效控制,下元站的换乘节点结构具有较大的安全储备。

Seismic Behavior of Diaphragm-Through Connections of Concrete-Filled Square Steel Tubular Columns and H-Shaped Steel Beams

Based on the introductions of a type of diaphragm-through connection between concrete-filled square steel tubular columns (CFSSTCs) and H-shaped steel beams,a finite element model of the connection is developed and used to investigate the seismic behavior of the connection.The results of the finite element model are validated by a set of cyclic loading tests.The cyclic loading tests and the finite element analyses indicate that the failure mode of the suggested connections is plastic hinge at the beam with inelastic rotation angle exceeding 0.04 rad.The suggested connections have sufficient strength,plastic deformation and energy dissipation capacity to be used in composite moment frames as beam-to-column rigid connections.

Transfer function measurement for the SSRF SRF system

A digital transfer function measurement system has been embedded in the low-level radio frequency (LLRF) system of the storage ring of the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility. The measurement results indicate that the decreased control accuracy at high current is primarily owing to ripples from the high-voltage power supply, the transient beam loading effect, and the digital aliasing effect. The current LLRF algorithm is not able to suppress these disturbances.

Bioeffects of Low Energy Ion Beam Implantation:DNA Damage,Mutation and Gene Transter

Low-energy ion beam implantation （10 - 200 keV） has been proved to have a wide range of biological effects and is broadly used in the breeding of crops and micro-organisms.To understand its mechanisms better and facilitate its applications, the developments in the bioeffects of low energy ion beam implantation in the past twenty years are summarized in this paper.

Numerical analysis of thermal fluid transportation during electron beam welding of 2219 aluminum alloy plate and experimental validation

A three-dimensional mathematical model using volume-of-fluid method is developed to investigate the heat transfer, fluid flow and keyhole dynamics during electron beam welding of 2219 aluminum alloy plate. In the model, an adaptive heat source is employed to simulate the heating process of electron beam. Fluid flow is mainly driven by surface tension, thermo-capillary force, recoil pressure, hydrostatic pressure and thermal buoyancy. The thermal-fluid transport behaviors of welding pool during the drilling and backfilling stages of keyhole and the formation reason of the nail-shaped weld with an arc crater are systematically analyzed. Finally, all calculation results are validated by experiments and show good agreements.

Multi-objective Optimization of Non-uniform Beam for Minimum Weight and Sound Radiation

A multi-objective optimization of non-uniform beams is presented for minimum radiated sound power and weight. The transfer matrix method is used to compute the structural and acoustic responses of a non-uniform beam accurately and efficiently. The multi-objective particle swarm optimization technique is applied to search the Pareto optimal solutions that represent various compromises between weight and sound radiation. Several constraints are imposed, which substantially reduce the volume fraction of feasible solutions in the design space. Two nonuniform beams with different boundary conditions are studied to demonstrate the multi-objective optimal designs of the structure.

Transfer matrix method for free and forced vibrations of multi-level functionally graded material stepped beams with different boundary conditions

Functionally graded materials(FGMs)are a novel class of composite materials that have attracted significant attention in the field of engineering due to their unique mechanical properties.This study aims to explore the dynamic behaviors of an FGM stepped beam with different boundary conditions based on an efficient solving method.Under the assumptions of the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory,the governing differential equations of an individual FGM beam are derived with Hamilton’s principle and decoupled via the separation-of-variable approach.Then,the free and forced vibrations of the FGM stepped beam are solved with the transfer matrix method(TMM).Two models,i.e.,a three-level FGM stepped beam and a five-level FGM stepped beam,are considered,and their natural frequencies and mode shapes are presented.To demonstrate the validity of the method in this paper,the simulation results by ABAQUS are also given.On this basis,the detailed parametric analyses on the frequencies and dynamic responses of the three-level FGM stepped beam are carried out.The results show the accuracy and efficiency of the TMM.

Coupled flexural-torsional vibration band gap in periodic beam including warping effect

The propagation of coupled flexural-torsional vibration in the periodic beam including warping effect is investigated with the transfer matrix theory. The band structures of the periodic beam, both including warping effect and ignoring warping effect, are obtained. The frequency response function of the finite periodic beams is simulated with finite element method, which shows large vibration attenuation in the frequency range of the gap as expected. The effect of warping stiffness on the band structure is studied and it is concluded that substantial error can be produced in high frequency range if the effect is ignored. The result including warping effect agrees quite well with the simulated result.