A Study on High School Mathematics Teaching Design Based on Teaching for Robust Understanding: Taking the Cosine Theorem as an Example

Teachers’teaching behavior plays a crucial role in students’development,and there are problems in the current teaching behavior of mathematics teachers such as ignoring students’cognitive needs,lack of equal opportunities for students’classroom performance as well as lack of formative evaluation of students.In order to solve the phenomenon,this paper analyzes and explains how to promote teaching based on the Teaching for Robust Understanding(TRU)evaluation framework with the goal of focusing on the development of all students,taking the teaching design of The Cosine Theorem as an example,and provides ideas and methods for first-line high school mathematics teachers.

Two Generic Frameworks of Multiple Viewpoints Oriented Requirements Method and Their Comparison

Traditional requirements method has some problems when it is used for large distributed systems. Multiple viewpoints oriented requirements method (MVORM) is a new method for resolving these problems. This paper develops two generic formal frameworks of MVORM, framework based on refinement relation (FBRR) and framework based on implementation relation (FBIR). They are generic, because no assumptions are made about the development process or the formal description languages to be used. Three kinds of specification relations and three kinds of specification transformations are discussed over FBIR and FBRR. This paper also compares the equivalence between FBIR and FBRR. We point out that an equivalent FBIR can be found for any FBRR, but reverse transformation is not always possible. We think FBIR is better than FBRR on most cases.

UbD Framework in Teaching Confucian Filial Piety and Its Relevance in Modern Society

This study explores the lasting relevance of Confucian filial piety in Chinese culture that promotes individual self-cultivation, family harmony, and social stability. The Understanding by Design (UbD) framework is proposed as an effective approach for teaching Confucius’ wisdom and the reinforcement of the cognitive, affective and psychomotor learning outcomes. This approach emphasizes “backward design” which prioritizes meaningful understanding over memorization. Integrating filial piety into the UbD framework enhances students’ understanding of its philosophical foundations and modern significance, while also strengthening their intercultural communication skills. The study concludes that UbD approach develops language skills and cultural sensitivity, encouraging insights into the dynamic nature of cultural values. The meaningful outcomes through integrating the approach into filial piety curriculum design can support students’ development of self-awareness, empathy, and ethical maturity, which foster values essential for ethical leadership and community-oriented responsibilities.

Process-Oriented Requirements Engineering: User-Centric LORS Framework

In recent years, the process orientation requirements engineering field has received significant interest. However, dealing with ordinary users within an enterprise for developing as-is business process is very complex because this requires skills, responsibility, knowledge, and expertise of business processes. This research answers the following questions: 1) how to systematically gather information regarding as-is business process requirements in an informal environment and by non-expert users? and 2) how can an enterprise refine the identified business process with a semantic process model? The primary purpose of this research is to develop a supporting framework that is suitable for the definition of an as-is business process to be deployed within the enterprise environment. Hence, the focus is on gathering requirements to define the as-is business process. This framework concentrates on three significant aspects of this process: development, refinement, and serialization the semantics of the process model. To accomplish this objective, the LORS framework has been proposed, which consists of four phases (List, Order, Refinement, and Serialization). The framework presents a new unique technique to identify the business process, refine the process, and generate the model semantics. This study assumes that a simple and complete framework will help non-expert users define a high-quality as-is process, such that enhance and facilitate the matching process with existing reference models. We present a case study, evaluate the case study relative to specified criteria, and research the limitations and implications discovered from our research. This research concludes that the LORS framework is simple, flexible, visible, interactive, dynamic, and effective.

Visuals to Text:A Comprehensive Review on Automatic Image Captioning

Image captioning refers to automatic generation of descriptive texts according to the visual content of images.It is a technique integrating multiple disciplines including the computer vision(CV),natural language processing(NLP)and artificial intelligence.In recent years,substantial research efforts have been devoted to generate image caption with impressive progress.To summarize the recent advances in image captioning,we present a comprehensive review on image captioning,covering both traditional methods and recent deep learning-based techniques.Specifically,we first briefly review the early traditional works based on the retrieval and template.Then deep learning-based image captioning researches are focused,which is categorized into the encoder-decoder framework,attention mechanism and training strategies on the basis of model structures and training manners for a detailed introduction.After that,we summarize the publicly available datasets,evaluation metrics and those proposed for specific requirements,and then compare the state of the art methods on the MS COCO dataset.Finally,we provide some discussions on open challenges and future research directions.

RePizer：a framework for prioritization of software requirements

The standard software development life cycle heavily depends on requirements elicited from stakeholders. Based on those requirements, software development is planned and managed from its inception phase to closure. Due to time and resource constraints, it is imperative to identify the high-priority requirements that need to be considered first during the software development process. Moreover, existing prioritization frameworks lack a store of historical data useful for selecting the most suitable prioritization technique of any similar project domain. In this paper, we propose a framework for prioritization of software requirements, called Re Pizer, to be used in conjunction with a selected prioritization technique to rank software requirements based on defined criteria such as implementation cost. ReP izer assists requirements engineers in a decision-making process by retrieving historical data from a requirements repository. Re Pizer also provides a panoramic view of the entire project to ensure the judicious use of software development resources. We compared the performance of Re Pizer in terms of expected accuracy and ease of use while separately adopting two different prioritization techniques, planning game（PG） and analytical hierarchy process（AHP）. The results showed that Re Pizer performed better when used in conjunction with the PG technique.

Intelligent Agent Based Mapping of Software Requirement Specification to Design Model

Automatically mapping a requirement specification to design model in Software Engineering is an open complex problem. Existing methods use a complex manual process that use the knowledge from the requirement specification/modeling and the design, and try to find a good match between them. The key task done by designers is to convert a natural language based requirement specification (or corresponding UML based representation) into a predominantly computer language based design model—thus the process is very complex as there is a very large gap between our natural language and computer language. Moreover, this is not just a simple language conversion, but rather a complex knowledge conversion that can lead to meaningful design implementation. In this paper, we describe an automated method to map Requirement Model to Design Model and thus automate/partially automate the Structured Design (SD) process. We believe, this is the first logical step in mapping a more complex requirement specification to design model. We call it IRTDM (Intelligent Agent based requirement model to design model mapping). The main theme of IRTDM is to use some AI (Artificial Intelligence) based algorithms, semantic representation using Ontology or Predicate Logic, design structures using some well known design framework and Machine Learning algorithms for learning over time. Semantics help convert natural language based requirement specification (and associated UML representation) into high level design model followed by mapping to design structures. AI method can also be used to convert high level design structures into lower level design which then can be refined further by some manual and/or semi automated process. We emphasize that automation is one of the key ways to minimize the software cost, and is very important for all, especially, for the “Design for the Bottom 90% People” or BOP (Base of the Pyramid People).

以执业能力为导向的导师制在骨科实习生培养中的效果评价

目的探索以执业能力为导向的导师负责制在骨科实习生培养中的应用效果。方法选取2021年9月—2023年6月2021和2022学年“5+3”一体化的60名本科实习生作为研究对象,将2021学年的实习生作为对照组,2022学年的实习生作为研究组,每组30名。对照组采用标准教学模式培养,研究组采用以执业能力为导向的导师负责制模式培养,培养时间为1个月。比较2组实习生的理论和临床考核成绩、迷你临床演练评估量表(mini-clinical evaluation exercise,Mini-CEX)评分、主观-客观-评价-计划(subject-objective-assessmentplan,SOAP)评分、医患沟通技能评价量表(set elicit give understand end framework,SEGUE)评分。结果2组实习生的客观题和临床技能考核成绩比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组实习生的病例分析题成绩、Mini-CEX评分、SOAP评分和SEGUE评分([41.3±3.5)分、(47.9±7.0)分、(74.4±7.7)分、(20.5±3.2)分]高于对照组[(36.8±6.1)分、(36.0±7.0)分、(62.0±7.1)分、(18.1±3.0)分],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论以执业能力为导向的导师负责制能够明显提高骨科实习生的临床诊疗水平,有助于培养出更优秀的医学人才。

企业上云迁移能力通用要求标准解读

随着上云程度逐步加深,企业面临上云迁移带来的业务中断、业务场景及系统间关联性复杂、迁移操作复杂且效率低、迁移成本和风险较高等问题,为填补面向上云迁移场景的能力要求标准的空白,中国电子技术标准化研究院牵头研制《信息技术云计算企业上云迁移能力通用要求》,对该标准要点进行解读。介绍了企业上云迁移能力框架,详细阐述了上云迁移物理资源、上云迁移规划与设计、上云迁移演练与实施、上云迁移验收与交付以及迁移风险管理等方面的能力要求,并对该标准的推广应用做了分析,助力云迁移工作的有序开展。

基于框架的Web服务软件自动化测试技术

为弥补传统手动Web服务软件测试周期长、效率低等缺点,设计一种基于框架的Web服务软件自动化测试技术。介绍测评体系结构,设计Web服务自动化测试框架;基于该框架进行综合安全监管系统软件的自动化测试技术应用研究,在软件需求分析的基础上进行测试数据设计,并自动生成测试用例;利用自动化测试框架实现数据驱动脚本自动测试,列出测试用例执行结果并分析软件问题。结果表明,该技术能缩短软件测试周期、提高测试效率和测试覆盖率。

高速公路养护管理系统数据库的设计

为了保证高速公路日常养护管理正常有序的进行 ,本文根据数据库的设计原理、方法及路面管理系统原理 ,结合高速公路养护管理系统的实际应用环境和操作业务流程 ,提出了高速公路养护管理系统数据库设计的 4个阶段———用户实际需求分析、概念结构设计、逻辑结构设计和物理结构设计 ,设计出适用于各种高速公路养护管理系统最优的数据库模式 ,并建立了通用的数据库应用系统 ,使得养护管理系统能够进行路面性能评价、性能预测和养护维修决策 .

“领会教学法”在体育院校篮球必修课教学中的应用研究

体育院校是培养体育专业师资的重要基地。为适应体育院校篮球教学改革及发展的需要,将“领会教学法”在体育院校体育教育专业篮球必修课中实验应用。结果表明:“领会教学法”在促进学生掌握篮球技能,提高战术意识,增强其比赛中运用技术的能力等方面收效甚佳,其推广应用是必要的、可行的。建议在体育院校篮球必修课中积极应用“领会教学法”。

动态需求跟踪方法及跟踪精度问题研究

在对动态需求跟踪现有研究综述的基础上,详细分析了动态需求跟踪面临的精度问题,并提出了解决方案——动态需求跟踪框架.该框架以自动化的需求跟踪为核心,组合了变更请求、影响分析、变更控制等活动,利用工作产品的特点和迭代过程中累积的变更信息来辅助建立需求跟踪关系,提高了需求跟踪关系的精度.

基于自然语言理解的需求聚类和需求优选方法研究

为了实现大数量软件需求的优选,提出了一种基于自然语言理解的需求聚类和需求优选方法。该方法首先基于自然语言处理技术对需求进行深层次语言理解,找到相同语义的需求并只保留一条。随后,采用基于超图分割的需求聚类方法对大量需求进行聚类。最后,提出了需求优选目标函数,该目标函数根据需求聚类结果为需求优先级打分,并在综合考虑需求与类别的相似性、类别的权重以及聚类标准的权重的基础上,最终给出一个合理的需求优选结果。在大规模真实的需求集合上进行了实验,实验结果表明:基于自然语言处理技术的需求聚类性能优异;需求聚类对后续的需求优选起有着非常重要的作用;基于超图分割的需求聚类,以及在此基础上提出的需求优选函数相对于基线方法有着明显的提高。

一种基于扩展I*框架和UML的面向Agent需求建模方法

以分布式电子商务系统为研究背景,提出了一种基于扩展I* 建模框架和UML 的面向Agent需求建模方法.该方法将需求工程划分为早期需求获取和后期需求规格说明两个阶段:在早期需求获取阶段,在I* 策略模型中引入服务依赖概念,用于描述组织背景中Agent的意图和Agent之间的依赖关系,同时描述系统内部Agent和分布式环境中其他Agent之间的依赖关系;在后期需求规格说明阶段,采用扩展的U ML 在Agent抽象层次上建立统一的需求模型.该方法还为早期需求获取平滑过渡到后期需求规格说明提供了统一的模型映射规则,从而保持模型的一致性.

一种基于UML的信息系统需求分析方法

针对目前信息系统开发中,需求分析经常遇到的难题,提出了一种基于UML的信息系统需求分析方法,给出了一个需求分析框架,通过活动图技术来对业务流程建模,用对象图模型、状态图模型、交互图模型来构造系统的领域模型.讨论了业务建模、用例的提取、用例的集成等关键技术的实施步骤,使该方法具有更强的可操作性.

需求驱动的软件体系结构设计

利用目标逻辑机制组织软件需求 ,在需求驱动下 ,只考虑体系结构设计方案是否满足相应目标 ,然后使用场景评价体系结构设计方案。研究表明 ,这种设计思想扩大了软件体系结构的选择空间和抽象层次 ,有助于提高软件系统设计质量、可靠性及适应环境变化的能力。

基于多视角的装备体系军事需求开发框架模型

装备体系军事需求开发框架模型为装备体系军事需求的开发提供了指导和规则。考虑到军事装备体系自身的体系复杂性和参与军事需求开发的人员多样性,为了能综合反映出各个角度上的需求,应用多视角方法首先对装备体系军事需求进行了分析,然后基于该方法构建了军事需求开发框架模型,进而分析了装备体系军事需求体系,最后以示例来说明该框架模型的实用性。

基于活动的C^4ISR系统作战需求综合建模方法

在综合分析DoDAF作战视图产品的基础上,对基于活动、以信息为中心的C4ISR系统作战需求综合建模方法进行了研究。首先利用UML的扩展机制(包括构造型、标记值和约束),建立了作战需求综合建模的元模型;其次,通过面向对象方法确定了最小核心要素集模型,并深入分析各个核心要素及其相互之间关系;最后,在上述基础上,明确提出了C4ISR系统作战需求综合建模的开发框架,为作战需求综合建模的过程提供指导。

互联网时代舆论引导范式的新思考

中国社会的舆论场生态正在发生重大变化,立足互联网时代舆论场生态面临的重要变化和所处的社会语境,从意见表达者、平台开放性、观点集中度等三个要素阐述舆论引导面临的新挑战。继而通过解读当前舆论引导的新要求,并在简要回顾舆论引导理念和方式变化历程的基础上,提出舆论引导范式转型的若干建议:把握社会问题、设置稳定的公共议题,鼓励实名制表达、形成理性的观点互动,超越单一性思维、强化复杂性认知框架。