In Shakespeare' s Merchant of Venice,Portia is portrayed as a legal expert.Considerable scholarly work has been devoted to the discussion of the play,and Portia' s ruling appears to be supported by a majority ...In Shakespeare' s Merchant of Venice,Portia is portrayed as a legal expert.Considerable scholarly work has been devoted to the discussion of the play,and Portia' s ruling appears to be supported by a majority of scholarly commentary.However,a number of important legal issues regarding the contract represented in the play require immediate attention.This article attempts to re-evaluate Portia' s ruling and the conventional views on Portia as a legal expert by considering the issues in question within a recent framework of law,and will argue that Portia' s role as a legal expert is questionable.Antonio,Bassanio,and Shylock can all ' walk free'.展开更多
This paper studies and predicts the number growth of China＇s mobile users by using the power-law regression. We find that the number growth of the mobile users follows a power law. Motivated by the data on the evolut...This paper studies and predicts the number growth of China＇s mobile users by using the power-law regression. We find that the number growth of the mobile users follows a power law. Motivated by the data on the evolution of the mobile users, we consider scenarios of self-organization of accelerating growth networks into scale-free structures and propose a directed network model, in which the nodes grow following a power-law acceleration. The expressions for the transient and the stationary average degree distributions are obtained by using the Poisson process. This result shows that the model generates appropriate power-law connectivity distributions. Therefore, we find a power-law acceleration invariance of the scale-free networks. The numerical simulations of the models agree with the analytical results well.展开更多
This paper summarizes a Riemann-solver-free spacetime discontinuous Galerkin method developed for general conservation laws. The method integrates the best features of the spacetime Conservation Element/Solution Eleme...This paper summarizes a Riemann-solver-free spacetime discontinuous Galerkin method developed for general conservation laws. The method integrates the best features of the spacetime Conservation Element/Solution Element (CE/SE) method and the discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method. The core idea is to construct a staggered spacetime mesh through alternate cell-centered CEs and vertex-centered CEs within each time step. Inside each SE, the solution is approximated using high-order spacetime DG basis polynomials. The spacetime flux conservation is enforced inside each CE using the DG concept. The unknowns are stored at both vertices and cell centroids of the spatial mesh. However, the solutions at vertices and cell centroids are updated at different time levels within each time step in an alternate fashion. Thanks to the staggered spacetime formulation, there are no left and right states for the solution at the spacetime interface. Instead, the solution available to evaluate the flux is continuous across the interface. Therefore, no (approximate) Riemann solvers are needed to provide a unique numerical flux. The current method can be used to solve arbitrary conservation laws including the compressible Euler equations, shallow water equations and magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) equations without the need of any form of Riemann solvers. A set of benchmark problems of various conservation laws are presented to demonstrate the accuracy of the method.展开更多
文摘In Shakespeare' s Merchant of Venice,Portia is portrayed as a legal expert.Considerable scholarly work has been devoted to the discussion of the play,and Portia' s ruling appears to be supported by a majority of scholarly commentary.However,a number of important legal issues regarding the contract represented in the play require immediate attention.This article attempts to re-evaluate Portia' s ruling and the conventional views on Portia as a legal expert by considering the issues in question within a recent framework of law,and will argue that Portia' s role as a legal expert is questionable.Antonio,Bassanio,and Shylock can all ' walk free'.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.70871082)the Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project,China(Grant No.S30504)
文摘This paper studies and predicts the number growth of China＇s mobile users by using the power-law regression. We find that the number growth of the mobile users follows a power law. Motivated by the data on the evolution of the mobile users, we consider scenarios of self-organization of accelerating growth networks into scale-free structures and propose a directed network model, in which the nodes grow following a power-law acceleration. The expressions for the transient and the stationary average degree distributions are obtained by using the Poisson process. This result shows that the model generates appropriate power-law connectivity distributions. Therefore, we find a power-law acceleration invariance of the scale-free networks. The numerical simulations of the models agree with the analytical results well.
文摘This paper summarizes a Riemann-solver-free spacetime discontinuous Galerkin method developed for general conservation laws. The method integrates the best features of the spacetime Conservation Element/Solution Element (CE/SE) method and the discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method. The core idea is to construct a staggered spacetime mesh through alternate cell-centered CEs and vertex-centered CEs within each time step. Inside each SE, the solution is approximated using high-order spacetime DG basis polynomials. The spacetime flux conservation is enforced inside each CE using the DG concept. The unknowns are stored at both vertices and cell centroids of the spatial mesh. However, the solutions at vertices and cell centroids are updated at different time levels within each time step in an alternate fashion. Thanks to the staggered spacetime formulation, there are no left and right states for the solution at the spacetime interface. Instead, the solution available to evaluate the flux is continuous across the interface. Therefore, no (approximate) Riemann solvers are needed to provide a unique numerical flux. The current method can be used to solve arbitrary conservation laws including the compressible Euler equations, shallow water equations and magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) equations without the need of any form of Riemann solvers. A set of benchmark problems of various conservation laws are presented to demonstrate the accuracy of the method.
