π-Electron-Assisted Relaxation of Spin Excited States in Cobalt Phthalocyanine Molecules on Au（111） Surface

We present our investigation on the spin relaxation of cobalt phthalocyanine （CoPc） films on Au（111） （CoPc/Au（111）） surface using scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. The spin relaxation time derived from the linewidth of spin-flip inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy is quantitatively analyzed according to the Korringa-like formula. We find that although this regime of the spin relaxation time calculation by just considering the exchange interaction between itinerant conduction electrons and localized d-shells （s-d exchange interaction） can successfully reproduce the experimental value of the adsorbed magnetic atom, it fails in our case of CoPc/Au（111）. Instead, we can obtain the relaxation time that is in good agreement with the experimental result by considering the fact that the 7c electrons in CoPc molecules are spin polarized, where the spin polarized 7c electrons extended at the Pc macrocycle may also scatter the conduction electrons in addition to the localized d spins. Our analyses indicate that the scattering by the π electrons provides an efficient spin relaxation channel in addition to the s-d interaction and thus leads to much short relaxation time in such a kind of molecular system on a metal substrate.

Influence of pump intensity on atomic spin relaxation in a vapor cell

Atomic spin relaxation in a vapor cell, which can be characterized by the magnetic resonance linewidth(MRL),is an important parameter that eventually determines the sensitivity of an atomic magnetometer. In this paper, we have extensively studied how the pump intensity affects the spin relaxation. The experiment is performed with a cesium vapor cell, and the influence of the pump intensity on MRL is measured at room temperature at zero-field resonance. A simple model with five atomic levels of a Λ-like configuration is discussed theoretically, which can be used to represent the experimental process approximately, and the experimental results can be explained to some extent. Both the experimental and the theoretical results show a nonlinear broadening of the MRL when the pump intensity is increasing. The work helps to understand the mechanism of pump induced atomic spin relaxation in the atomic magnetometers.

Miniature quad-channel spin-exchange relaxation-free magnetometer for magnetoencephalography

A miniature quad-channel optically pumped atomic magnetometer(OPM) has been developed based on the spinexchange relaxation-free(SERF) mechanism. With a vapor cell of size 8 mm×8 mm×8 mm, we have incorporated four SERF magnetometer channels, which provides sufficient spatial resolution for magnetoencephalography(MEG). The four channels share the same laser beam for the best cancellation of common mode noise due to laser fluctuations. With gradient measurement, the sensitivities of the four sensors are better than 6 fT/Hz^(1/2), which is also good enough for MEG measurement. The vapor cell is heated to 160℃ by a novel nonmagnetic current-heating structure. Our sensor with high spatial resolution and compact size is particularly suitable for MEG systems.

Transverse relaxation determination based on light polarization modulation for spin-exchange relaxation free atomic magnetometer

A transverse relaxation determination of spin-exchange relaxation free （SERF） magnetometer based on polarization modulation technique is proposed. Compared with the radio-frequency （RF） excitation and light intensity excitation meth- ods used in SERF magnetometer, the light polarization modulation method has a high stability in low-frequency range, which indicates a more accurate transverse relaxation measurement.

Spin dynamics of the potassium magnetometer in spin-exchange relaxation free regime

The laser-pumped potassium spin-exchange relaxation free （SERF） magnetometer is the most sensitive detector of magnetic field and has many important applications. We present the experimental results of our potassium SERF magne- tometer. A pump-probe approach is used to identify the unique spin dynamics of the atomic ensemble in the SERF regime. A single channel sensitivity of 8 f.THz-1/2 is achieved with our SERF magnetometer.

Direct spin–phonon coupling of spin-flip relaxation in quantum dots

Within the frame of the Pavlov–Firsov spin–phonon coupling model, we study the spin-flip assisted by the acoustical phonon scattering between the first-excited state and the ground state in quantum dots. We analyze the behaviors of the spin relaxation rates as a function of an external magnetic field and lateral radius of quantum dot. The different trends of the relaxation rates depending on the magnetic field and lateral radius are obtained, which may serve as a channel to distinguish the relaxation processes and thus control the spin state effectively.

Disorder-enhanced nuclear spin relaxation at Landau level filling factor one

The nuclear spin relaxation rate （l/T1） is measured for GaAs two-dimensional （2D） electron systems in the quantum Hall regime with an all-electrical technique for agitating and probing the nuclear spins. A ＂tilted plateau＂ feature is observed near the Landau level filling factor v = 1 in 1/T1 versus v. Both the width and magnitude of the plateau increase with decreasing electron density. At low temperatures, lIT1 exhibits an Arrhenius temperature dependence within the tilted plateau regime. The extracted energy gaps are up to two orders of magnitude smaller than the corresponding charge transport gaps. These results point to a nontrivial mechanism for the disorder-enhanced nuclear spin relaxation, in which microscopic inhomogeneities play a key role for the low energy spin excitations related to skyrmions.

Spin-exchange relaxation of naturally abundant Rb in a K-Rb-21Ne self-compensated atomic comagnetometer

The total effective spin-exchange relaxation of naturally abundant Rb in a K–Rb–21Ne comagnetometer is analyzed,and the results show that the coexistence of 87Rb and 85Rb isotopes in the same volume can lead to a large extra spinexchange broadening compared to pure 87Rb.This broadening mainly comes from the contribution of the equivalent reduction in the Rb spin-exchange rate.On this basis,an approximate relaxation model is proposed and experimentally demonstrated to be more accurate than that from a previous work.This study also provides a method for determining the properties of alkali-metal vapor cells.

EFFECT OF Na-Na SPIN-EXCHANGE COLLISIONS ON SPIN RELAXATION OF OPTICALLY PUMPED Na IN Xe GAS

We report the first detection of the effect of Na-Na spin exchange collisions on spin relaxation of optically pumped Na in Xe gas by studying the relaxation in the'dark"of the variable<SZ>in a mixture of dense sodium vapor(number density[Na]~10^(13 )cm^(-3)),and buffer gas helium,xenon and nitrogen as a function of[Na]and xenon pressure.

Influence of temperature on thermal relaxation of exchange bias field in CoFe/Cu/CoFe/IrMn spin valve

A multilayered spin valve film with a structure of Ta(5 nm)/Co_(75)Fe_(25)(5 nm)/Cu(2.5 nm)/Co_(75)Fe_(25)(5 nm)/Ir_(20)Mn_(80)(12 nm)/Ta(8 nm)is prepared by the high-vacuum direct current(DC)magnetron sputtering.The effect of temperature on the spin valve structure and the magnetic properties are studied by x-ray diffraction(XRD),atomic force microscopy(AFM),and vibrating sample magnetometry.The effect of temperature on the exchange bias field thermomagnetic properties of multilayered spin valve is studied by the residence time of samples in a reverse saturation field.The results show that as the temperature increases,the IrMn(111)texture weakens,surface/interface roughness increases,and the exchange bias field decreases.Below 200℃,the exchange bias field decreases with the residence time increasing,and at the beginning of the negative saturation field,the exchange bias field Hex decreases first quickly and then slowly gradually.When the temperature is greater than 200℃,the exchange bias field is unchanged with the residence time increasing.

Spin Noise Spectroscopy in N-GaAs:Spin Relaxation of Localized Electrons

Spin noise spectroscopy （SNS） of electrons in n-doped bulk GaAs is studied as functions of temperature and the probe-laser energy. Experimental results show that the SNS signal comes from localized electrons in the donor band. The spin relaxation time of electrons~ which is retrieved from the SNS measurement, depends on the probe light energy and temperature, and it can be ascribed to the variation of electron localization degree.

Tuning of the Electron Spin Relaxation Anisotropy via Optical Gating in GaAs/AlGaAs Quantum Wells

The carrier-density-dependent spin relaxation dynamics for modulation-doped GaAs/Al0.3 Gao,TAs quantum wells is studied using the time-resolved magneto-Kerr rotation measurements. The electron spin relaxation time and its in-plane anisotropy are studied as a function of the optically injected electron density, Moreover, the relative strength of the Rashba and the Dresselhaus spin-rbit coupling fields, and thus the observed spin relaxation time anisotropy, is further tuned by the additional excitation of a 532nm continuous wave laser, demonstrating an effective spin relaxation manipulation via an optical gating method.

On the Relaxational Properties of a Quantum Dipolar Spin Glasses Model

The dissipative part of the linear magnetic dynamic susceptibility of dipolar spin glasses is considered. Due to the transition of the system (at enough high concentration of the magnetic dipoles) from a paramagnetic phase to magnetic dipolar one, an anomalous temperature dependence of the dissipative part of the magnetic susceptibility is found. Our results are in qualitative agreement with experiments performed on the dipolar-coupled Ising magnet LiHoxY1-xF4.

Solid State NMR Study of Polystyrene Nanolatex Particles(I) ^(13)C Spin-Lattice Relaxation Time

C spin-lattice relaxtion times for polystyrene nanolatex particles have been investigated. It was found that the dramatic increase at 80℃ annealing temperature is well below the Tg temperature of bulk polystyrene, the increase of relaxation time of aromatic carbons is larger than that of for aliphatic carbons at transition annealing temperature.

In-situ measurement of magnetic field gradient in a magnetic shield by a spin-exchange relaxation-free magnetometer

A method of measuring in-situ magnetic field gradient is proposed in this paper. The magnetic shield is widely used in the atomic magnetometer. However, there is magnetic field gradient in the magnetic shield, which would lead to additional gradient broadening. It is impossible to use an ex-situ magnetometer to measure magnetic field gradient in the region of a cell, whose length of side is several centimeters. The method demonstrated in this paper can realize the in-situ measurement of the magnetic field gradient inside the cell, which is significant for the spin relaxation study. The magnetic field gradients along the longitudinal axis of the magnetic shield are measured by a spin-exchange relaxation-free （SERF） magnetometer by adding a magnetic field modulation in the probe beam＇s direction. The transmissivity of the cell for the probe beam is always inhomogeneous along the pump beam direction, and the method proposed in this paper is independent of the intensity of the probe beam, which means that the method is independent of the cell＇s transmissivity. This feature makes the method more practical experimentally. Moreover, the AC-Stark shift can seriously degrade and affect the precision of the magnetic field gradient measurement. The AC-Stark shift is suppressed by locking the pump beam to the resonance of potassium＇s D1 line. Furthermore, the residual magnetic fields are measured with σ＋- and σ--polarized pump beams, which can further suppress the effect of the AC-Stark shift. The method of measuring in-situ magnetic field gradient has achieved a magnetic field gradient precision of better than 30 pT/mm.

STUDIES OF MAIN CHAIN DYNAMICS OF FLUORINE-CONTAINING IONOMERS BY CARBON-13 NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RELAXATION

The carbon-13 spin-spin relaxation times of fluorine-containing ionomers are measured and motional correlation times τ;and τ;are calculated by using VJGM model . The results show that the motions of polymer main chain in ionomers become more difficult with increasing of ionization degree and contents of functional group, and depend on the fine structures and stability of ionic microdomains.

Stretched Exponential Relaxation in Disordered Complex Systems： Fractal Time Random Walk Model

We have analytically derived the relaxation function for one-dimensional disordered complex systems in terms of autocorrelation function of fractal time random walk by using operator formalism. We have shown that the relaxation function has stretched exponential, i.e. the Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts character for a fractal time random walk process.

中国散裂中子源缪子谱仪及其应用展望

中国散裂中子源二期升级工程包含建设缪子实验终端和一条表面缪子束线,并规划未来建设负缪子束线和衰变缪子束线.表面缪子束线预计2029年建成出束,有望成为我国首个人造缪子源实验平台.缪子自旋弛豫/旋转/共振谱学和负缪子X射线分析谱学是缪子源平台最重要的应用技术,分别在材料磁性分析和元素成分无损测量方面具有独特优势,在磁性、超导、新能源、科技考古等多学科领域取得了大量瞩目成果.本文围绕中国散裂中子源缪子实验终端及其谱仪建设,分别介绍了缪子自旋弛豫/旋转/共振谱学和负缪子X射线分析谱学的基本原理、特色优势,以及基于缪子实验终端的谱仪物理设计和应用展望;最后展望了该缪子实验终端未来的缪子束线规划和更多样化的应用场景.

基于遗传算法的磁自抑制加热器的设计与优化

超低磁噪声(0~10 nT)的碱金属加热技术是无自旋交换弛豫原子磁力仪实现超高灵敏度的关键,文章提出一种基于遗传算法的磁自抑制加热器多目标优化设计方法。该方法基于毕奥-萨伐尔定律推导目标函数新模型,优化的目标包括加热丝的长度、宽度、厚度和电流方向4类(18个)参数,以此获取加热器最佳磁自抑制性能。利用有限元分析方法,仿真分析了目标区域的磁场分布和温度分布,结果表明:加热器在目标区域的中心区域产生0.02 nT/mA的平均磁场和180.34℃的平均温度。实验测试结果显示:目标区域的磁通密度取值在0.13 nT/mA和0.14 nT/mA范围内,这表明加热器的磁场自抑制性能较好。该研究有助于进一步提高原子磁力仪的性能。

μSR实验进展与缪子源发展趋势

缪子自旋弛豫/旋转技术(muon spin relaxation/rotation,μSR)是一种高度灵敏的原子尺度磁性探测手段.随着μSR技术的不断发展,其在凝聚态物理研究中愈加重要.本文简要介绍μSR技术的优越性和独特性,概述近期μSR技术在凝聚态领域的几项重要进展和挑战,包括镍基超导体La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7)和(R,Sr)NiO_(2)的磁性基态研究、笼目晶格超导体AV_(3)Sb_(5) (A=K,Rb)的电荷密度波研究、NaYbSe_(2)量子自旋液体“海洋”中沉浸的自旋“磁滴”和Cr_(2)O_(3)磁电表面附近磁单极子的研究,并简单阐述了国际上缪子源的建设情况和升级进展.