Commercial broilers （CB） have been generally reared in Korea; however, Korean native chicken （KNC） is also bred for meat production. This study was performed to evaluate the behavioral characteristics of Korean na...Commercial broilers （CB） have been generally reared in Korea; however, Korean native chicken （KNC） is also bred for meat production. This study was performed to evaluate the behavioral characteristics of Korean native chickens （Han-hyup） and commercial broilers （Ross 308）. In the study, KNC and CB were separately housed in 4 pens （30 birds/pen）, so there were two replicates for each treatment. Chickens were observed by video recording throughout the 8 weeks growth period for 12 hours each day. The time spent （standing, sitting, and walking） and frequencies （drinking, feeding, preening, dust-bathing, flapping, aggressive pecking, and ground pecking） of chicken＇s behavior were evaluated. Behavior was compared between the earlier period （1 to 4 weeks） and the later one （5 to 8 weeks） to know the changes in each behavior as they matured. Results showed that more time was spent on standing by KNC than CB. On the contrary, time spent for sitting behavior was less in KNC. The frequencies of most behaviors in KNC were higher than CB in the earlier period except feeding and dust-bathing. The greatest decreasing behavior as they matured was walking in both treatments, and a large number of commercial broilers did not walk, but instead rested as days passed. Feeding behavior of CB was more frequent in the earlier stage, but gradually reversed in the later period. The active behaviors such as fe, eding, preening, pecking, flapping and aggressive pecking in the KNC group were higher than the CB group, declining as time passed in both treatments; except dust-bathing that showed opposite pattern. These results were showed that KNC are much more active compared to CB, especially for walking, preening and pecking behavior. This may conclude that they may have fewer tendencies to develop potential health problems like dermatitis or even disease like sudden death syndrome.展开更多
[Objective]This experiment aimed to establish fast and slow feathering lines from purified and rejuvenated core breeding flock. [Method] Individual and family selection were used for continuous selection from zero to ...[Objective]This experiment aimed to establish fast and slow feathering lines from purified and rejuvenated core breeding flock. [Method] Individual and family selection were used for continuous selection from zero to the second generation. [Result]The results showed that in the fast feathering line,the average weight gain was improved by 108. 34 g per generation in roosters at the age of 20 weeks while a 54. 5 g increase was got per generation in hens. Hen housed egg production was increased from 150 to 170 at the age of 66 weeks,and the healthy rate of chicken flock was raised by 0. 7 percent. In the slow feathering line,the average weight gain was increased by 156. 6g per generation in roosters while a 38. 9 g increase was got per generation in hens,and the hen housed egg production was increased from 158 to 179 at the age of 66 weeks. [Conclusion] This research had a great significance in increasing native chicken＇s production performance and developing its market competitiveness.展开更多
Wumeng native chicken （Wumeng silky chicken and Weining chicken） grow mainly in Wumeng mountainous area of Yunnan-Guizhou plateau. Wu- meng silky chicken is featured by strong stress resistance, delicious meat, abun...Wumeng native chicken （Wumeng silky chicken and Weining chicken） grow mainly in Wumeng mountainous area of Yunnan-Guizhou plateau. Wu- meng silky chicken is featured by strong stress resistance, delicious meat, abundant essential restrictive amino acids and trace elements for human body （ zinc, sele- nium, etc. ）, with high medicinal and health value. Weining chicken is characterized by early sexual maturity, uniform distribution of intramuscular fat, small mus- cle fiber, tender and delicious meat, resistance to cold and forage, which is an excellent local chicken breed for development of modern, efficient, mountainous eco- logical animal husbandry in Bijie area. The existing problems in industrialization development and utilization of Wumeng native chicken are discussed, and the cor- responding countermeasures are put forward展开更多
[Objective]The paper was to compare the slaughter performance and meat flavor of quality chicken under cage rearing and free-range farming conditions.[Method]A total of 4001-day-old cocks,S07 line cultivated by Sichua...[Objective]The paper was to compare the slaughter performance and meat flavor of quality chicken under cage rearing and free-range farming conditions.[Method]A total of 4001-day-old cocks,S07 line cultivated by Sichuan Dahen Poultry Breeding Co.,Ltd.(bred for 4 succes-sive generations),were kept in cages until the end of 5 weeks of age,which were then divided into cage rearing and free-range farming groups.All cocks were fed with the same diet,and slaughter tests and meat quality analysis were carried out at the end of 10 and 22 weeks of age,respectively.[Result]The live weight,carcass weight and abdominal fat percentage in cage rearing group were significantly higher than those in free-range farming group(P<0.01),and the percentage of half-eviscerated yield and percentage of eviscerated yield in cage rearing group were significantly higher than those in free-range farming group(P<0.05),but there were no significant differences in dressing percentage,percentage of leg muscle and per-centage of breast muscle.The intramuscular fat(IMF)content and muscle fiber density of chicken in cage rearing group were significantly higher than those in free-range farming group(P<0.01),but there was no significant difference in inosinic acid(IMP)content.The content of IMF and IMF increased with the increase of feeding age,but the deposition rate of intramuscular fat was higher than that of IMF in late feeding period.[Conclusion]The study will provide reliable guidance for production and market consumption of high quality chicken.展开更多
The purpose of the study was to determine the effect and obtain the level of use of fermented shrimp waste in the feed that produces the best biological value in native chickens.The study used 125 one-day-old chickens...The purpose of the study was to determine the effect and obtain the level of use of fermented shrimp waste in the feed that produces the best biological value in native chickens.The study used 125 one-day-old chickens(DOC)placed in 25 cages randomly,containing five chickens reared for eight weeks.The study used experimental methods,and the experimental design used was a completely randomized design with five types of treatment,namely,feed without the use of fermented shrimp waste(R0),feed containing 5%fermented shrimp waste(R1),feed containing 10%fermented shrimp waste(R2),feed containing 15%fermented shrimp waste(R3),and feed containing 20%fermented shrimp waste(R4),each treatment was repeated five times.The observed variables were absorbed nitrogen,nitrogen stored in the body,and biological value.Data were analysed using ANOVA and Duncan's Multiple Distance Test.The results showed that the use of fermented shrimp waste at a level of 20%in feed resulted in the best biological value in native chickens.展开更多
[ Objective] The aim was to explore the classification basis of Chinese local chicken for providing theoretical basis of giving full play to the genetic potential, heterosis, new ideas and methods of new varieties and...[ Objective] The aim was to explore the classification basis of Chinese local chicken for providing theoretical basis of giving full play to the genetic potential, heterosis, new ideas and methods of new varieties and strains breeding, identification and evaluation. [ Method] The multivariate statistical analysis of laying performance and production area ecology of 11 kind of chicken was done by principal component analysis and cluster analysis. E]Result] The cluster analysis of 4 egg laying performance indexs indicated that 11 kinds of chicken can be roughly classified into large chicken and small chicken; 10 indexs of multivariate statistical analysis indicated that 11 kinds of chicken can be classified into high altitude type and low altitude type when first 3 eigenvalues were selected as 3 principal component by principal component analysis（ 94.99% of the total amount of information）, and similarity coefficient was computed according to first three principal component values of each kind and then cluster analysis was done with nearest neighbor way. [ Conclusion] Ecological factor was also an important aspect of assortment.展开更多
PCDD/Fs contamination of free-range chicken eggs and soils from private Vietnam households was studied.The possibility of using free-range eggs as bio-indicators of dioxin contamination was considered as the soil-chic...PCDD/Fs contamination of free-range chicken eggs and soils from private Vietnam households was studied.The possibility of using free-range eggs as bio-indicators of dioxin contamination was considered as the soil-chicken-egg exposure pathway is considered to be the most sensitive exposure pathway of dioxins in soils to humans.A large territory from Dong Nai province in the south to Lao Cai province in the north was covered by the research.All analyses were performed by HRGC-HRMS method.PCDD/Fs levels in eggs from the majority of southern households exceeded the EC limit for eggs and egg products(2.5 pg WHO-TEQ2005 g^-1 lipid).Total TEQs ranged from 0.4 to 361 pg WHO-TEQ2005 g^-1 lipid in eggs and from 0.1 to 1272 pg WHO-TEQ2005/g in soil.2,3,7,8-TCDD contribution was statistically significantly higher in both eggs and soils in sprayed with Agent Orange areas,indicating its long-term impact.In order to assess within site variation,a total of 62 individual eggs from 14 private households were analyzed.Mean relative standard deviation of total TEQ values in individual eggs within the separate households was 27%.Rather good correlation of PCDD/Fs concentration in eggs and respective soils was observed for all dioxin congeners and for hexa-and hepta-furans(except for 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDF).Higher bioaccumulation for lower chlorinated congeners was confirmed.The current study of using eggs as bioindicators for large POPs contaminated sites may be suggested as a policy approach to evaluate human exposure to dioxin/POPs contaminated sites for known or suspected contaminated areas.展开更多
文摘Commercial broilers （CB） have been generally reared in Korea; however, Korean native chicken （KNC） is also bred for meat production. This study was performed to evaluate the behavioral characteristics of Korean native chickens （Han-hyup） and commercial broilers （Ross 308）. In the study, KNC and CB were separately housed in 4 pens （30 birds/pen）, so there were two replicates for each treatment. Chickens were observed by video recording throughout the 8 weeks growth period for 12 hours each day. The time spent （standing, sitting, and walking） and frequencies （drinking, feeding, preening, dust-bathing, flapping, aggressive pecking, and ground pecking） of chicken＇s behavior were evaluated. Behavior was compared between the earlier period （1 to 4 weeks） and the later one （5 to 8 weeks） to know the changes in each behavior as they matured. Results showed that more time was spent on standing by KNC than CB. On the contrary, time spent for sitting behavior was less in KNC. The frequencies of most behaviors in KNC were higher than CB in the earlier period except feeding and dust-bathing. The greatest decreasing behavior as they matured was walking in both treatments, and a large number of commercial broilers did not walk, but instead rested as days passed. Feeding behavior of CB was more frequent in the earlier stage, but gradually reversed in the later period. The active behaviors such as fe, eding, preening, pecking, flapping and aggressive pecking in the KNC group were higher than the CB group, declining as time passed in both treatments; except dust-bathing that showed opposite pattern. These results were showed that KNC are much more active compared to CB, especially for walking, preening and pecking behavior. This may conclude that they may have fewer tendencies to develop potential health problems like dermatitis or even disease like sudden death syndrome.
基金Supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology Development Project(10050306003)
文摘[Objective]This experiment aimed to establish fast and slow feathering lines from purified and rejuvenated core breeding flock. [Method] Individual and family selection were used for continuous selection from zero to the second generation. [Result]The results showed that in the fast feathering line,the average weight gain was improved by 108. 34 g per generation in roosters at the age of 20 weeks while a 54. 5 g increase was got per generation in hens. Hen housed egg production was increased from 150 to 170 at the age of 66 weeks,and the healthy rate of chicken flock was raised by 0. 7 percent. In the slow feathering line,the average weight gain was increased by 156. 6g per generation in roosters while a 38. 9 g increase was got per generation in hens,and the hen housed egg production was increased from 158 to 179 at the age of 66 weeks. [Conclusion] This research had a great significance in increasing native chicken＇s production performance and developing its market competitiveness.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Correspondent Entrepreneurial Project of Guizhou Department of Science and Technology(QKHTKTP C[2012]4002)Reform Transformation Project of Guizhou Department of Science and Technology(QKHT Z[2012]4004)+1 种基金Key Agriculture Project of Guizhou Department of Science and Technology(QKH NZ[2013]3021)Key Agriculture Project of Bijie City(BKHZ[2013]33)
文摘Wumeng native chicken （Wumeng silky chicken and Weining chicken） grow mainly in Wumeng mountainous area of Yunnan-Guizhou plateau. Wu- meng silky chicken is featured by strong stress resistance, delicious meat, abundant essential restrictive amino acids and trace elements for human body （ zinc, sele- nium, etc. ）, with high medicinal and health value. Weining chicken is characterized by early sexual maturity, uniform distribution of intramuscular fat, small mus- cle fiber, tender and delicious meat, resistance to cold and forage, which is an excellent local chicken breed for development of modern, efficient, mountainous eco- logical animal husbandry in Bijie area. The existing problems in industrialization development and utilization of Wumeng native chicken are discussed, and the cor- responding countermeasures are put forward
基金Supported by National Chicken Industry Research System of China(CARS-41-G04)Key R&D Program of Sichuan Province(2021YFN0029,2021YFYZ0031)Special Project of Financial Operation of Sichuan Province(SASA2020CZYX007)。
文摘[Objective]The paper was to compare the slaughter performance and meat flavor of quality chicken under cage rearing and free-range farming conditions.[Method]A total of 4001-day-old cocks,S07 line cultivated by Sichuan Dahen Poultry Breeding Co.,Ltd.(bred for 4 succes-sive generations),were kept in cages until the end of 5 weeks of age,which were then divided into cage rearing and free-range farming groups.All cocks were fed with the same diet,and slaughter tests and meat quality analysis were carried out at the end of 10 and 22 weeks of age,respectively.[Result]The live weight,carcass weight and abdominal fat percentage in cage rearing group were significantly higher than those in free-range farming group(P<0.01),and the percentage of half-eviscerated yield and percentage of eviscerated yield in cage rearing group were significantly higher than those in free-range farming group(P<0.05),but there were no significant differences in dressing percentage,percentage of leg muscle and per-centage of breast muscle.The intramuscular fat(IMF)content and muscle fiber density of chicken in cage rearing group were significantly higher than those in free-range farming group(P<0.01),but there was no significant difference in inosinic acid(IMP)content.The content of IMF and IMF increased with the increase of feeding age,but the deposition rate of intramuscular fat was higher than that of IMF in late feeding period.[Conclusion]The study will provide reliable guidance for production and market consumption of high quality chicken.
文摘The purpose of the study was to determine the effect and obtain the level of use of fermented shrimp waste in the feed that produces the best biological value in native chickens.The study used 125 one-day-old chickens(DOC)placed in 25 cages randomly,containing five chickens reared for eight weeks.The study used experimental methods,and the experimental design used was a completely randomized design with five types of treatment,namely,feed without the use of fermented shrimp waste(R0),feed containing 5%fermented shrimp waste(R1),feed containing 10%fermented shrimp waste(R2),feed containing 15%fermented shrimp waste(R3),and feed containing 20%fermented shrimp waste(R4),each treatment was repeated five times.The observed variables were absorbed nitrogen,nitrogen stored in the body,and biological value.Data were analysed using ANOVA and Duncan's Multiple Distance Test.The results showed that the use of fermented shrimp waste at a level of 20%in feed resulted in the best biological value in native chickens.
基金funded by the national"863"program(2011AA100305)Zhejiang Province Science and Technology Platform Project(2011E60003)+1 种基金Yangzhou City Science and Technology Plan(YZ2011069)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK2011431)
文摘[ Objective] The aim was to explore the classification basis of Chinese local chicken for providing theoretical basis of giving full play to the genetic potential, heterosis, new ideas and methods of new varieties and strains breeding, identification and evaluation. [ Method] The multivariate statistical analysis of laying performance and production area ecology of 11 kind of chicken was done by principal component analysis and cluster analysis. E]Result] The cluster analysis of 4 egg laying performance indexs indicated that 11 kinds of chicken can be roughly classified into large chicken and small chicken; 10 indexs of multivariate statistical analysis indicated that 11 kinds of chicken can be classified into high altitude type and low altitude type when first 3 eigenvalues were selected as 3 principal component by principal component analysis（ 94.99% of the total amount of information）, and similarity coefficient was computed according to first three principal component values of each kind and then cluster analysis was done with nearest neighbor way. [ Conclusion] Ecological factor was also an important aspect of assortment.
文摘PCDD/Fs contamination of free-range chicken eggs and soils from private Vietnam households was studied.The possibility of using free-range eggs as bio-indicators of dioxin contamination was considered as the soil-chicken-egg exposure pathway is considered to be the most sensitive exposure pathway of dioxins in soils to humans.A large territory from Dong Nai province in the south to Lao Cai province in the north was covered by the research.All analyses were performed by HRGC-HRMS method.PCDD/Fs levels in eggs from the majority of southern households exceeded the EC limit for eggs and egg products(2.5 pg WHO-TEQ2005 g^-1 lipid).Total TEQs ranged from 0.4 to 361 pg WHO-TEQ2005 g^-1 lipid in eggs and from 0.1 to 1272 pg WHO-TEQ2005/g in soil.2,3,7,8-TCDD contribution was statistically significantly higher in both eggs and soils in sprayed with Agent Orange areas,indicating its long-term impact.In order to assess within site variation,a total of 62 individual eggs from 14 private households were analyzed.Mean relative standard deviation of total TEQ values in individual eggs within the separate households was 27%.Rather good correlation of PCDD/Fs concentration in eggs and respective soils was observed for all dioxin congeners and for hexa-and hepta-furans(except for 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDF).Higher bioaccumulation for lower chlorinated congeners was confirmed.The current study of using eggs as bioindicators for large POPs contaminated sites may be suggested as a policy approach to evaluate human exposure to dioxin/POPs contaminated sites for known or suspected contaminated areas.
