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Study on Supercooling Point and Freezing Point in Floral Organs of Apricot 被引量:15
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作者 MENG Qing-rui LIANG Yin-quan WANG Wen-feng DU Shao-hua LI Yan-hui YANG Jian-min 《Agricultural Sciences in China》 CAS CSCD 2007年第11期1330-1335,共6页
Under the environment of an artificial climate chamber, supercooling point (SCP) and freezing point (FP) in flower and young fruit at different development stages and freezing injuries of floral organs were studie... Under the environment of an artificial climate chamber, supercooling point (SCP) and freezing point (FP) in flower and young fruit at different development stages and freezing injuries of floral organs were studied. The apricot cultivars tested were Kety, Golden Sun and Honghebao. With the development of flower buds, SCP and FP increased, which indicated that their cold resistance decreased. SCP and FP varied with different floral organs. For different apricot cultivars, it was found that, the lower SCP or FP in floral organs was, the more resistant capacity the cultivar had, and the larger the temperature interval from SCP to FP was. SCP was not a constant value, but a range. Frequency distribution of SCP in petals was more dispersing than that in stamens and pistils. Floral organs could maintain a supercooling state to avoid ice formation, but they were sensitive to freezing. Once floral organs froze, thev turned brown after thawing. 展开更多
关键词 APRICOT floral organs supercooling point freezing point FROST
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On the determination and simulation of seawater freezing point temperature under high pressure 被引量:4
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作者 YAN Liangjun WANG Zhaomin +1 位作者 LIU Chengyan WU Yang 《Advances in Polar Science》 CSCD 2019年第4期391-398,共8页
At present,it is believed that the freezing point temperature of seawater is a function of salinity and pressure,and the freezing point is a key parameter in a coupled air-sea-ice system.Generally,empirical formulas o... At present,it is believed that the freezing point temperature of seawater is a function of salinity and pressure,and the freezing point is a key parameter in a coupled air-sea-ice system.Generally,empirical formulas or methods are used to calculate the freezing point of seawater.Especially in high-pressure situations,e.g.,under a thick ice sheet or ice shelf,the pressure term must be taken into account in the determination of seawater freezing point temperature.This study summarized various methods that have been used to calculate seawater freezing point with high pressure.The methods that were employed in two ocean-ice models were also assessed.We identified the disadvantages of these methods used in these two models and addressed the corresponding uncertainties of the freezing point temperature formulas.This study provides useful information on the calculation of the freezing point temperature in numerical modeling and indicates a need to investigate the sensitivity of numerical simulations to the uncertainties in the freezing point temperature in future. 展开更多
关键词 freezing point temperature seawater SALINITY PRESSURE COMPARISON
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Chemical Properties,Low-Temperature Performance,and Burning Performance of Bio-Jet Fuel
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作者 Zhang Zongwei Wang Zihan +2 位作者 Yang Ze Li Junqi Liu Haonan 《China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第4期23-30,共8页
The effects of composition of bio-jet fuels on freezing point,smoke point,distillation range,and flash point are investigated.Performance tests using petroleum-based jet fuel with different compositions are conducted ... The effects of composition of bio-jet fuels on freezing point,smoke point,distillation range,and flash point are investigated.Performance tests using petroleum-based jet fuel with different compositions are conducted in line with standard test specifications.The results show that alkylbenzenes reduce the freezing point,with the amount of reduction becoming greater with increasing alkylbenzene content.For a 25%content of the C_8 aromatic xylene,the freezing point is in the range from-55.5℃to-60.1℃.The presence of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons leads to an increase in carbon deposition performance,especially when alkyl side chains are present.With cycloalkanes,carbon deposition is reduced,although alkyl side chains weaken this beneficial effect.Isomeric hydrocarbons are beneficial in reducing carbon deposition.The ASTM D7566 specifications for the distillation range are based on the average properties of petroleum-based aviation fuel,and if all the parameters governing the distillation range of an alternative jet fuel are at their lower limits,it is necessary to check whether other performance standards are met.Light components affect the flash point greatly,with 5%of benzene reducing the flash point by 17℃,whereas intermediate components(e.g.,xylene and ethylbenzene)and heavier components have less impact.Although alcohols provide better combustion performance,their content must be strictly limited owing to their effects in reducing the flash point. 展开更多
关键词 sustainable aviation fuel freezing point smoke point distillation range flash point
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Spatial Characteristics of Temperature Indices of Climate Change in China
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作者 王大钧 胡春丽 徐智鑫 《Meteorological and Environmental Research》 CAS 2010年第8期52-54,61,共4页
Based on the temperature indices established by expert group on the detection,monitoring and indices of climate change,spatial characteristics of temperature indices from 278 meteorological stations in China during 19... Based on the temperature indices established by expert group on the detection,monitoring and indices of climate change,spatial characteristics of temperature indices from 278 meteorological stations in China during 1961-2008 were studied.The results showed that day number of freezing point went down gradually from northwest to southeast,as well as the most regions of China.Day number of summer was mostly over 50 d in China and over 100 d in Eastern China except for the most part of Northeast China,while there was an increase trend in the most regions of China.Growth period was generally above 150 d in China and increased with the decrease of latitude from north to south,while the trend coefficient of growth period in 236 stations was positive. 展开更多
关键词 Indices of climate change Day number of freezing point Day number of summer Growth period China
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Application of Colligative Properties in Quality Detection of Watering Raw Milk
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作者 LIN Fang-dong JIANG Zhen-ju CAO Rui 《Animal Husbandry and Feed Science》 CAS 2011年第2期42-44,共3页
[ Objective] To investigate the effects of different water amount on freezing point of raw milk. EMetbodl The freezing point of raw milk added water at different proportions was detected by SWC-LG freezing point detec... [ Objective] To investigate the effects of different water amount on freezing point of raw milk. EMetbodl The freezing point of raw milk added water at different proportions was detected by SWC-LG freezing point detector. The linear regression equation was obtained. The reproduc- ibility was checked. The water content in raw milk was calculated according to the standard regression curve. E Result~ When the water content changed from 0 to 10%, the freezing point of raw milk increased linearly. As evidenced by the reproducibility test, the standard deviation and rela- tive standard deviation were less than 1%. The milk concentration obtained by detecting the freezing point of blind milk samples had an absolute er- ror of no more than 0.5%, compared with actual watering milk concentration. [ ConcluMonl Water content in raw milk can be determined by measur- ing freezing point, and this method is reliable and reproducible. 展开更多
关键词 Raw milk Freezing point Water content
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Thermophysical Properties of Channel Catfish at Freezing Temperatures
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作者 Oladiran Fasina 《Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B)》 2012年第12期1287-1292,共6页
Freezing is the most common method used to preserve and minimize loss in quality of catfish during storage. Since freezing is a heat transfer process, the design and selection of freezing equipment require knowledge o... Freezing is the most common method used to preserve and minimize loss in quality of catfish during storage. Since freezing is a heat transfer process, the design and selection of freezing equipment require knowledge of thermophysical properties such as freezing temperature, enthalpy of freezing, unfreezable water and specific heat. Channel catfish thermophysical properties at freezing temperature were determined using differential scanning calorimetry. Using the combination of Raoult's law and Classius-Clapeyron equations, the amount of unfreezable (bound water) was estimated to be 0.129 g H20 g^-1 During freezing (or melting), the specific heat increased from about 1.5 J g^-1 ℃^-1 to about 30.6 J g^-1 ℃^-1 It was found that freezing of catfish occur over a wide temperature range with the peak and incident freezing temperatures occurring at temperatures of-1.88 ℃ and -6.10 ℃, respectively. About 250 J g^-1 of heat have to be removed from catfish when it is to be frozen to -40 ℃. The implication is that any system that will be designed to freeze catfish must be able to remove 250 J g^-1 of heat. 展开更多
关键词 Freezing point CATFISH ENTHALPY bound water specific heat.
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FREEZING POINT OF LOAD-BEARING MOIST SOIL AND ITS DETERMINATION
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作者 刘宗超 丁德文 《Chinese Science Bulletin》 SCIE EI 1990年第6期493-497,共5页
Since Workman-Reynolds effect was discovered, more and more attention has been paid to the freezing electrical potential of solution. Hanley and Rao have discussed the freezing electrical potentials and influencing fa... Since Workman-Reynolds effect was discovered, more and more attention has been paid to the freezing electrical potential of solution. Hanley and Rao have discussed the freezing electrical potentials and influencing factors, such as the time of solution freezing, ion 展开更多
关键词 freezing point freezing electrical potential thawing point
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