How freezing and thawing processes affect black-soil aggregate stability in northeastern China

Laboratory experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of freezing and thawing processes on wet aggregate stability （WAS） of black soil. Wet aggregate stability was determined by different aggregate size groups, different water contents, various freeze-thaw cycles, and various freezing temperatures. The results showed that, when at suitable water content, aggregate stability was enhanced, aggregate sta-bility will be disrupted when moisture content is too high or too low, especially higher water content. Temperature also had a significant ef-fect, but moisture content determined the suitable freezing temperatures for a given soil. Water-stable aggregate （WSA〉0.5）, the total aggre-gate content, and mean weight diameter decreasing with the freeze-thaw cycles increase, reached to 5 percent significance level. The reason for crumbing aggregates is the water and air conflict, thus raising the hypothesis that water content affects the aggregate stability in the process of freezing and thawing.

冻融过程对黑土水稳性团聚体含量影响

以黑土为试验材料,通过室内模拟试验,研究了冻融过程中含水量、温度、循环次数等因素对黑土团聚体稳定性的影响.结果表明:田间持水量(40%)时的冻融过程增强团聚体稳定性,含水量过高或过低均破碎团聚体,特别是高含水量(70%);冻结温度对团聚体稳定性也有显著影响,含水量条件是适宜冻结温度的先决条件;随冻融循环次数增加(1次、7次和14次)各级团聚体含量(>0.5mm)、团聚体总量和平均重量直径降低.在此基础上,针对含水量对团聚体稳定性效应的研究争议,提出冻融过程团聚体稳定性的土壤水气矛盾统一体假设.建议在黑土冻结前,调节土壤含水量至田间持水量,从而保持和改善土壤物理结构.

冻融对东北黑土风干团聚体与水稳性团聚体组成及稳定性的影响

为保护我国黑土资源,实现可持续利用,研究冻融作用对黑土团聚体稳定性的影响及冻-融作用机制具有重要的理论价值和实际意义。本文以黑龙江省克山、嫩江农田表层(0~20 cm)黑土为材料,通过室内冻融交替模拟试验,分别测定初始含水率和循环次数对黑土风干团聚体与水稳性团聚体组成及稳定性的影响。研究结果表明:风干团聚体与水稳性团聚体中较大粒径组(>2 mm)团聚体随着冻融循环次数的增加呈逐渐减小的趋势,而较小颗粒粒径组(<0.5 mm)团聚体则呈增加趋势。冻融过程中土壤初始含水量显著影响风干团聚体和水稳性团聚体的稳定性。随着初始含水量的增加,冻融显著降低黑土风干团聚体的平均重量直径(MWD)。土壤含水率为50%田间持水量时,冻融明显增加黑土水稳性团聚体的MWD。随着冻融循环次数的增加,风干团聚体小团聚体含量(WSA>0.25)、团聚体破坏率(PAD0.25、PAD1.0)和MWD均明显降低。本研究结果显示:冻融过程中适宜的土壤含水量有助于增加黑土水稳性团聚体的稳定性。这些发现有助于深入了解冻融过程对黑土侵蚀过程的影响与作用机制。