Structure, Stability and Vibrational Spectra of LaC_5~n(n=-1,0,+1) Clusters

用密度泛含方法研究了ＬａＣ５ｎ（ｎ＝－１，０，＋１）分子簇的结构和稳定性及振动光谱，对这个六原子体系提出了三种可能构型，点群结构为Ｃ２ｖ对称性．第一个构型为Ｌａ接在弯曲的Ｃ５链上，第二个是Ｌａ通过二个键与Ｃ５环相连第三个是Ｌａ通过一个键与Ｃ５环相连；结果表明，第一个构型即当Ｌａ接在弯曲的Ｃ５链上时能量最低．振动光谱分析指出，当ｎ＝－１时，第二个构型为局域极小值；当ｎ＝＋１时，第一个和第二个构型为局域极小值；对ｎ＝０，局域极小值没有找到．

Damage Detection of Offshore Jacket Structures Using Frequency Domain Selective Measurements

The development of damage detection techniques for offshore jacket structures is vital to prevent catastrophic events. This paper applies a frequency response based method for the purpose of structural health monitoring. In efforts to fulfill this task, concept of the minimum rank perturbation theory has been utilized. The present article introduces a promising methodology to select frequency points effectively. To achieve this goal, modal strain energy ratio of each member was evaluated at different natural frequencies of structure in order to identify the sensitive frequency domain for damage detection. The proposed methodology opens up the possibility of much greater detection efficiency. In addition, the performance of the proposed method was evaluated in relation to multiple damages. The aforementioned points are illustrated using the numerical study of a two dimensional jacket platform, and the results proved to be satisfactory utilizing the proposed methodology.

Time frequency spectrum of atmospheric turbulence and sweeping hypothesis

The present study is focused on the structure of time frequency spectrum.A scaling law for Eulerian time frequency spectrum and the corresponding temporal structure function are calculated from the sweeping hypothesis and Kolmogorov’s similarity law regarding spatial structure function.An experiment is designed to study this scaling law in the atmospheric turbulent boundary layer.The results well support the conclusion derived from relevant theoretical analysis.

MODAL PARAMETERS EXTRACTION WITH CROSS CORRELATION FUNCTION AND CROSS POWER SPECTRUM UNDER UNKNOWN EXCITATION

In most of real operational conditions only response data are measurable while the actual excitations are unknown, so modal parameter must be extracted only from responses. This paper gives a theoretical formulation for the cross-correlation functions and cross-power spectra between the outputs under the assumption of white-noise excitation. It widens the field of modal analysis under ambient excitation because many classical methods by impulse response functions or frequency response functions can be used easily for modal analysis under unknown excitation. The Polyreference Complex Exponential method and Eigensystem Realization Algorithm using cross-correlation functions in time domain and Orthogonal Polynomial method using cross-power spectra in frequency domain are applied to a steel frame to extract modal parameters under operational conditions. The modal properties of the steel frame from these three methods are compared with those from frequency response functions analysis. The results show that the modal analysis method using cross-correlation functions or cross-power spectra presented in this paper can extract modal parameters efficiently under unknown excitation.

A two-step multi-frequency receiver function inversion method for shallow crustal S-wave velocity structure and its application across the basin-mountain range belts in Northeast China

A shallow crustal velocity structure(above 10 km depth) is essential for understanding the crustal structures and deformation and assessing the exploration prospect of natural resources, and also provides priori information for imaging deeper crustal and mantle structure. Passive-source seismic methods are cost-effective and advantageous for regional-scale imaging of shallow crustal structures compared to active-source methods. Among these passive methods, techniques utilizing receiver function waveforms and/or body-wave amplitude ratios have recently gained prominence due to their relatively high spatial resolution. However, in basin regions, reverberations caused by near-surface unconsolidated sedimentary layers often introduce strong non-uniqueness and uncertainty, limiting the applicability of such methods. To address these challenges, we propose a two-step inversion method that uses multi-frequency P-RF waveforms and P-RF horizontal-to-vertical amplitude ratios. Synthetic tests indicate that our two-step inversion method can mitigate the non-uniqueness of the inversion and enhance the stability of the results. Applying this method to teleseismic data from a linear seismic array across the sedimentary basins in Northeast China, we obtain a high-resolution image of the shallow crustal S-wave velocity structure along the array. Our results reveal significant differences between the basins and mountains. The identification of low-velocity anomalies(<2.8 km s^(-1)) at depths less than 1.0 km beneath the Erlian Basin and less than 2.5 km beneath the Songliao Basin suggests the existence of sedimentary layers. Moreover, the high-velocity anomalies(~3.4–3.8 km s^(-1)) occurring at depths greater than 7 km in the Songliao Basin may reflect mafic intrusions emplaced during the Early Cretaceous. Velocity anomaly distribution in our imaging result is consistent with the location of the major faults, uplifts, and sedimentary depressions, as well as active-source seismic results. This application further validates the effectiveness of our method in constraining the depth-dependent characteristics of the S-wave velocity in basins with unconsolidated sedimentary cover.

Analysis of Dynamic Cross Response between Spindles in a Dual Spindle Type Multi-Functional Turning Machine

In order to meet increasing demand for higher productivity and flexibility, recently many kinds of multi-functional machine tools, which are capable of multiple machining functions or different kinds of machining processes on one machine, have been developed and widely used in manufacturing industries. In this study, a multi-functional turning lathe, which has two spindles and two turrets so that multiple turning operations and various machining processes could be performed simultaneously, has been developed. Furthermore, the equations of correlation between whole responses and cross responses of the two spindles have been derived to examine to what extent the two spindles affect each other’s vibrations.

Shear-wave velocity structures of the shallow crust beneath the Ordos and Sichuan Basins from multi-frequency direct P-wave amplitudes in receiver functions

As the two largest cratonic basins in China,the Ordos Basin and the Sichuan Basin are of key importance for understanding the evolutionary history of the Chinese continent.In this study,the shear-wave velocity(V_(S))structures of the shallow crust(depth up to 10 km)beneath the two basins are imaged based on the frequency-dependence of direct P-wave amplitudes in receiver functions.The teleseismic data used in the study came from 160 broadband seismic stations,including permanent and temporary stations.The results show that the V_(S) and the thickness of the sediments in the Ordos Basin and the Sichuan Basin are respectively lower and thicker in the west than in the east.In the Ordos Basin,the shallow crustal V_(S) increases gradually from 2.10 km s^(−1)in the northwest to 2.65 km s^(−1)in the southeast and the thickest sediments are 7–8 km in the northwest and 5 km in the east.In the Sichuan Basin,the shallow crustal V_(S) increases from 2.4 km s^(−1) in the west to 2.7 km s^(−1)in the east and the thickness of the sediments decreases from>7 km in the west to 6 km in the east.The east-west difference of the shallow crustal structures of the two basins may have been controlled by the Cenozoic India-Eurasia collision.The western parts of the basins near the collision have a higher deposition rate,while in the parts inside the basins far from the collision,the V_(S) slowly increases with depth,indicating that these areas have experienced a more uniform deposition process.In addition,both basins are characterized by velocity structures that are higher along the edges and lower inside of the basins.The edges of the basins suffered strong denudation due to the uplifting and deformation influenced by tectonic evolution.The downward gradient of the shear-wave velocity beneath the Ordos Basin is twice that of the Sichuan Basin,which may be caused by the different deposition and denudation rates of the two basins resulting from differences in structural evolution and thermal events.In addition,the northern Ordos Basin exhibits a strong structural horizontal stratification,while the southern part shows obvious lateral variations in the V_(S) structure,both of which may have been affected by the Qilian orogenic event,the collision and assembly of the South China and the North China block,and the lateral extrusion of the Tibetan Plateau.

Regularized automatic frequency response function acquisition of a milling robot operating in a high-dimensional workspace

Because robotic milling has become an important means for machining significant large parts,obtaining the structural frequency response function(FRF)of a milling robot is an important basis for machining process optimization.However,because of its articulated serial structure,a milling robot has an enormous number of operating postures,and its dynamics are affected by the motion state.To accurately obtain the FRF in the operating state of a milling robot,this paper proposes a method based on the structural modification concept.Unlike the traditional excitation method,the proposed method uses robot joint motion excitation instead of hammering excitation to realize automation.To address the problem of the lack of information brought by motion excitation,which leads to inaccurate FRF amplitudes,this paper derives the milling robot regularization theory based on the sensitivity of structural modification,establishes the modal regularization factor,and calibrates the FRF amplitude.Compared to the commonly used manual hammering experiments,the proposed method has high accuracy and reliability when the milling robot is in different postures.Because the measurement can be performed directly and automatically in the operation state,and the problem of inaccurate amplitudes is solved,the proposed method provides a basis for optimizing the machining posture of a milling robot and improving machining efficiency.

Promoting the International Dissemination of Chinese Culture Through International Chinese Language Education: A Case Study of Chinese-English Idiomatic Equivalence

One major task of our improvement of China’s international communication capabilities is to tell China’s stories well and make China’s voice heard to communicate a comprehensive,multi-dimensional view of China in the international arena.International Chinese language education bears the dual responsibility of spreading the Chinese language and promoting the Chinese culture.How to shape global narratives for telling China’s stories and improve China’s international communication capabilities has become an important issue that concerns international Chinese language education.Chinese idioms,which are hidden treasures of the Chinese language,can play a unique role in this regard.It is therefore necessary to review the content and methods of including idioms in international Chinese language education.In this paper,instruction in idioms is approached by making a corpus-based comparative analysis from the theoretical perspectives of equivalence,cognitive metaphor,and second language acquisition.Qualitative and quantitative methods are combined to analyze idioms to be added to the vocabulary of international Chinese language education in three dimensions:word frequency,semantic transparency,and functional equivalence.This paper aims to explore a new approach to the dissemination of Chinese culture through instruction in idioms in international Chinese language education.

避免频率二次跌落的风储联合调频控制策略

风电高渗透电力系统中,风机释放转子动能参与频率响应改善系统频率稳定性,但存在欠响应支撑效果不足或过响应导致系统频率二次跌落现象。储能响应不受时空因素影响,通过整定储能响应参数,可提升风电频率响应的有效性。该文首先基于统一结构模型分析系统频率二次跌落与风机控制策略之间的作用机理。其次,整定充分利用风机频率响应能力及避免系统频率二次跌落的风电机组频率响应系数。然后,引入频率稳定裕度概念,并基于关系矩阵整定的储能最小出力,等效扩展系统频率稳定裕度。基于以上分析,综合考虑时空因素对系统频率响应影响,提出一种多时间尺度下避免频率二次跌落的风储联合调频控制策略。最后,基于DIgSILENT搭建风电高渗透4机4区系统进行仿真验证。结果表明,所提控制策略在不同风速下兼顾风机频率响应能力,同时避免频率二次跌落,提高全网频率安全稳定裕度。

基于振动测量的热防护结构脱粘损伤检测方法

针对典型飞行器热防护结构脱粘损伤现场快速无损检测的需求,提出了一种基于敲击测量频响函数的脱粘损伤识别方法。首先,利用有限元方法建立了含脱粘损伤的热防护结构有限元模型并进行了振动特性分析,分析了脱粘损伤引起的结构局部刚度下降规律以及频响函数对脱粘损伤的敏感性;其次,确定了脱粘损伤识别的特征频率范围,给出了一个脱粘损伤指标;最后,采用力锤与激光多普勒测振仪对含脱粘的热防护结构进行了测量。实验结果表明,当脱粘面积达到60%时,脱粘损伤指标比健康件增加了1倍以上,当脱粘面积达到80%时,脱粘损伤指标为健康件的5倍以上,验证了所提出的方法能够有效识别出热防护结构的脱粘损伤。

Structure and stability of (AlN)_n clusters

AIN and Al2N2 have been observed in the record of time-of-flight mass-spectra as positive ions. Associating with density functional theory(DFT) B3LYP method with 6-31G* basis set, we have carried out the optimizing calculations of the geometry, electronic state and vibrational frequency for (AIN)n (n = 1-15) clusters, moreover, discussed the character of the chemical bond and thermodynamical stability and explained the experimental mass spectra. The results show that there do not exist AI-AI and N-N bonds and only exists AI-N bond in the ground state structures of (AIN)n clusters; and the "magical number" regularity of (AIN)n is those whose atom number Is 4, 8, 12,16, 20, etc, all of which are times of four.

温度场下功能梯度圆锥壳-环板振动特性分析

针对功能梯度圆锥壳-环板组合结构振动问题,本文采用一阶剪切变形理论和Rayleigh-Ritz法分析了温度场下组合结构的振动特性。组合结构位移变量采用谱几何法来表征,考虑材料参数与温度相关并引入人工边界弹簧建立了组合结构振动特性分析模型。数值算例中,通过将文中求解结果与文献解和有限元法结果进行对比验证了模型的正确性,进而分析尺寸、材料、温度和连接位置等参数对结构振动特性的影响。研究结果表明:组合结构基频随厚度增加而增加,随着幂律指数、半顶角和温度场参数增加而降低,随环板内径和连接位置变化会呈现非单一变化趋势。

双频超声波预处理对TG酶介导的花生蛋白—酪蛋白交联及其功能特性研究

本研究探讨了双频超声波预处理对TG酶介导的花生蛋白-酪蛋白交联的工艺条件以及交联产物的功能特性。通过单因素实验和正交实验对交联工艺参数进行了优化,并对比研究了非酶交联、普通酶法交联和超声波协同酶法交联对蛋白质功能特性、二级结构和微观结构的影响。结果表明,在酶法交联条件(花生蛋白∶酪蛋白=4∶3)(g∶g)、交联pH 6.0、交联温度50℃、酶质量分数1%、交联时间2 h下,双频超声波处理蛋白质的最佳工艺条件为:超声处理时间15 min、超声波功率密度40 W/L、双频超声工作时间比50 s∶10 s(25 kHz∶40 kHz)、超声介质温度50℃,在此条件下的蛋白质交联度为28.79%,与非酶交联、普通酶法交联相比,分别增加了75.41%和39.70%。功能性测定结果表明:与非酶交联相比,超声协同酶法交联处理的吸油性、起泡稳定性、乳化稳定性和凝胶持水性分别提高了7.17%、43.99%、15.10%和9.93%;但持水性、起泡性和乳化性分别下降了7.83%、40.38%和5.72%,溶解度在pH 3.0~12.0有不同程度的下降。二级结构分析结果表明,超声协同酶法交联的蛋白质二级结构中β-折叠下降了4.34%,β-转角上升了5.33%。

大气湍流随机相屏模拟方法研究

对几种模拟随机湍流相位屏的方法进行了总结,利用结构函数对每种方法进行了分析,并从Zernike多项式分解的思路和激光大气传输的角度,通过焦斑扩展和焦斑质心漂移对几种方法进行了完整比较,最后对湍流低频倾斜信息的补偿方式进行了探讨。通过分析发现:傅里叶变换(FFT)法模拟的相屏体现的湍流高频信息较充分,但低频信息不足;Zernike法模拟的相屏体现的湍流低频信息较充分,但高频信息不足。随着采用的Zernike多项式阶数的增加,其体现的高频信息会得到改善,但这些高频信息主要集中在圆域的边缘区域。分形法模拟的相屏体现的湍流高低频信息均较好。针对焦斑扩展和焦斑质心漂移,除分形法外,其他算法均存在不同缺陷。采用FFT法与Zernike多项式展开法相结合的方式或FFT法与湍流自相似理论相结合的方式模拟大气湍流随机相屏,也不失为一种较有效的方式,但从激光大气传输的角度来说,采用分形法模拟湍流随机相屏最好。

分层土壤中点电流源电流场计算的递推算法

提出了一种适用于具有任意分层的水平或垂直土壤结构的计算点电流源电流场的递推算法。详细地分析了利用递推法获得水平或垂直多层土壤中的电流场的过程。与以往的方法相比,该方法的优点在于无需将每层土壤中的电位表达式具体写出,避免了极为复杂的公式表达,非常便于开发任意分层土壤结构的接地网接地性能数值分析软件。为了验证其有效性和正确性,对任意一段线电流进行了分析计算,并将分析结果与已有的计算结果进行比较,相对偏差很小。

C32衍生物C32X2(X=H，F，Cl，Br)的理论研究

在混合密度泛函B3LYP理论下,用6-31G*基函数对富勒烯C32及其衍生物C32X2(X=H,F,Cl,Br)的几何结构、电子结构和振动频率进行了研究.研究结果表明,C32X2(X=H,F,Cl,Br)均存在着比C32本体更好的离域共轭键,预计它们的稳定性比C32要大,C32X2(X=H,F,Cl,Br)均是势能面上的稳定驻点.振动频率计算表明C32卤化衍生物的稳定性随着卤素原子序数的增大而降低,C—F键稳定化能最大.C32H2和C32F2在所研究的簇分子中是较为稳定的,它们应该能够合成出来.

动刚度分析在汽车车身结构设计中的应用

介绍了汽车关键点动态特性重要性,建立了评价动态特性的速度频率响应函数,利用Point Mobility方法对算例进行了模拟计算,分析结果显示该方法能有效的预测动态特性存在的问题,为结构修改提供重要的依据。

短频时间变换与地震信号分析

野外采集的地震信号是多种波的复合体，是一种时变的非平稳信号。联合时频分析的方法是研究这类信号的有力工具。本文首先分析了短时Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ变换和短频时间变换这两种时频分析方法，通过理论记录说明时频分析方法可以细致地刻画信号的时间特性；然后将短频时间变换方法应用于地震信号的分析与处理中。文中展示的实际数据分析结果表明了时频分析方法在地震勘探信号分析与处理中的应用意义，即利用短频时间变换这一有效的分析工具，可使我们对数据的时频结构和能量分布有清晰的认识，为进一步选择合理的数据处理方案提供依据。

沈农系列水稻高产品种及其衍生系的遗传结构分析

以沈农265、沈农606、沈农9741、千重浪1号、沈农9903、沈农9816等6个高产品种及其衍生的570份品系为材料,通过对DEP1、GS5、qSW5、Gn1a、qGW8、GS3和GW2等7个功能基因位点的检测来分析这些已经克隆的控制产量性状的基因在辽宁水稻育种中的应用情况;同时,利用籼粳特异性的InDel标记分析籼稻血缘含量对北方高产优质粳稻育种的贡献。结果表明,除了GW2外,其他6个功能基因位点均检测到等位基因的变异。576份材料中,DEP1、qSW5和qGW8在沈农系列粳稻品种中被广泛利用。检测到467份材料含有DEP1基因,占总数的81.9%;550份材料含有qSW5基因,占96.5%;351份材料含有qGW8,占61.6%;而GS5、Gn1a以及GS3在育种中被利用得较少,仅在少数品系中被利用,比例分别为5.4%、0.7%和1.1%。籼粳特异性标记分析表明,54.0%的参试材料在32个位点上有一定籼型血缘引入,且第5染色体上存在的籼型位点较多,占该染色体的20.8%。