Research on the Application of New Energy Photovoltaic Power Generation Technology

With the rapid development of technology and economy,the demand for energy in society is increasing.People are gradually realizing that fossil energy is limited,and the development of new energy may also face situations where it cannot meet social needs.The problem of resource shortage is gradually exposed to people.Therefore,the development of usable new energy has become an urgent problem for society to solve.At present,electricity is the most widely used energy source worldwide and photovoltaic power generation technology is gradually becoming well-known.As an emerging industry,the development of photovoltaic power generation still requires continuous promotion by national and social policies to be extended to various industries and ensure the stability of its energy supply.This article mainly outlines the principles,characteristics,and advantages of photovoltaic power generation,and briefly explains the current technology types and application aspects of photovoltaic power generation to contribute to its promotion and better serve all aspects of social life with new energy.

Application of Power Electronics Converters in Renewable Energy

Against the backdrop of global energy shortages and increasingly severe environmental pollution,renewable energy is gradually becoming a significant direction for future energy development.Power electronics converters,as the core technology for energy conversion and control,play a crucial role in enhancing the efficiency and stability of renewable energy systems.This paper explores the basic principles and functions of power electronics converters and their specific applications in photovoltaic power generation,wind power generation,and energy storage systems.Additionally,it analyzes the current innovations in high-efficiency energy conversion,multilevel conversion technology,and the application of new materials and devices.By studying these technologies,the aim is to promote the widespread application of power electronics converters in renewable energy systems and provide theoretical and technical support for achieving sustainable energy development.

Life Cycle Assessment,Estimation and Comparison of Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Potential of New Energy Power Generation in China

From the perspective of life cycle assessment （LCA）, the development, construction, and operation of all kinds of new energy power generation technologies release greenhouse gas （GHG） emissions. This sparks concerns about the lowcarbon nature of the new energy power generation technologies. Based on national and international literature review, this paper estimates and compares the GHG emission factors of traditional thermal power generation and new energy power generation technologies in China with the LCA approach. The GHG mitigation potential of new energy power generation technologies as substitution for traditional thermal power generation in China was evaluated, according to the objectives of new energy power generation of the national development planning. The results show that the GHG emission factors of new energy power generation axe much lower than that of traditional thermal power generation even with LCA accounting, and the GHG mitigation potential of new energy substitution is huge.

Method for Determination of Optimal Installed Capacity of Renewable Sources of Energy by the Criterion of Minimum Losses of Active Power in Distribution System

New method for determination of optimal placement and value of installed capacity of renewable source of energy (RES) by the criterion of minimum losses of active power, that allows taking into consideration the dependence of RES on natural conditions of region, schedule of energy supply, parameters and configuration of distribution network is suggested in the paper. Results of computations of test scheme confirm the efficiency of the proposed method and its simplicity as compared with the methods considered in literature sources.

The Research on Biogas Power Generation by Two Step Method

The paper aims to demonstrate the system of SANYI biogas power generation by two-step method which can produce methane and generate electricity effectively and stably.So it can be stable synchronization meshwork energy source establishment and provide references to develop an effective and stable project of producing methane and generating electricity.

One Step on the Smart Grid Path： Load and Generation Coordination in a Virtual Power System

Worldwide the introduction of dispersed generators （DG） in the distribution network is assuming a significant importance. There is an increasing relevance of the energy process efficiency improvement; as for electric power systems, the most interesting perspective concerns the capability of the system to increase the exploitation of the renewable resources. The integration of DGs in the electric distribution network requires a revision of this infrastructure, so far designed and developed assuming that power flows in one direction： from the high voltage transmission network to the medium voltage distribution, to reach final customers on the low voltage network. The attention to an efficient operation of distribution networks is increasing all over the world; this interest is becoming higher and higher also in Italy, where the high energy prices push in the direction of fostering efficiency as much as possible. This work describes a study developed in the AlpEnergy project framework： an International Cooperation Program aimed at introducing an efficient operational model for the distributed production and consumption. In particular it is proposed a new model for the integration and the management of the DG in the distribution network. The new model （defined VPS： Virtual Power System） is based on a communication channel between the active users （generators）, the loads and, eventually, the Distribution System Operators （DSOs）.

State Estimation of Regional Power Systems with Source-Load Two-Terminal Uncertainties

The development and utilization of large-scale distributed power generation and the increase of impact loads represented by electric locomotives and new energy electric vehicles have brought great challenges to the stable operation of the regional power grid.To improve the prediction accuracy of power systems with source-load twoterminal uncertainties,an adaptive cubature Kalman filter algorithm based on improved initial noise covariance matrix Q0 is proposed in this paper.In the algorithm,the Q0 is used to offset the modeling error,and solves the problem of large voltage amplitude and phase fluctuation of the source-load two-terminal uncertain systems.Verification of the proposed method is implemented on the IEEE 30 node system through simulation.The results show that,compared with the traditional methods,the improved adaptive cubature Kalman filter has higher prediction accuracy,which verifies the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method in state estimation of the new energy power system with source-load two-terminal uncertainties.

Research of Thermal Energy Storage Technology in the Solar Thermodynamic Power

Recently, although renewable energy has a great development, primary source is still thermal power generation, which uses fossil fuel as the energy source. Supply and demand of fossil fuel are essential for social and economy development. However, development pattern that excessively relies on the natural source is impossible to provide a sustainable development way for us. As a result, we should combine renewable energy with new energy technology as the aim of economy. It means that it is urgent to exploit new energy. Meanwhile, the ratio of energy waste cannot be ignored. How to decrease energy waste is also significant. Construction sector costs a lot of energy, which is mainly used for heating and refrigeration. In the new energy generation technology, thermal energy can be transformed to electricity with combination of BIPV and thermal energy storage technology. Photovoltaic generation has a great progress in the building construction. As a result, the thermal energy storage technology becomes the key link in the production chain. In this paper, feasibility of applying phase-change material (PCM) in the thermal energy storage will be analyzed. And analysis results are provided with a relative mathematical model.

面向高比例新能源电网短路计算的机电-电磁融合电源模型

为解决新型电力系统计算与分析中传统电源模型难以继续适用的问题,提出一种面向高比例新能源电网短路计算的机电-电磁融合电源模型。一方面,考虑新能源电源通用控制策略作用下的外部输出特性,采用单一压控电流源等效电源侧海量新能源电源的整体输出;另一方面,根据短路电流故障的时间划分尺度,保留传统发电机工频基波意义下的外部输出特性,并采用3个大小不一且衰减速度不同的电压源等效电源侧所有发电机的整体输出。进而采用3个电压源和1个压控电流源并联的形式作为融合电源模型的结构,并采用内点法对融合电源模型参数进行在线辨识。通过短路仿真数据和电网实测故障录波数据验证了融合电源模型的适用性。

电网友好型建筑构建路径探索

建筑领域是电力系统重要终端用户,也是构建新型电力系统的重要环节。面向建筑零碳/低碳化构建目标和新型电力系统建设任务,建筑能源系统需要承担哪些新的任务?能够发挥什么样的作用?这些问题均亟待解答。为此,重点从新型电力系统对建筑能源系统提出的新的需求、需承担的新任务及建筑能源系统能够发挥的作用等方面进行探讨,建筑能源系统需要自身革新,在建筑全面电气化、提升建筑能源系统的柔性用电能力等方面寻求突破,在实现建筑自身“源储荷”各环节转变的基础上应当进一步挖掘灵活用电能力,成为新型电力系统中集“产消储调”于一体的友好用户。该研究将为深入认识建筑等用户侧在新型电力系统中需做出的变革、可发挥的作用提供有益探索和参考。

园区受端新型电力系统电力电量再平衡方法

我国工业园区电能消耗占据了较高的比例,针对依托新型电力系统促进工业园区绿色低碳发展的需要,提出了一种面向工业园区受端新型电力系统的电力电量再平衡方法。首先,开展电力和电量需求预测并进行电力电量初平衡;然后,基于受端源网荷储协同作用并充分考虑园区节能、电能替代、各类分布式电源、储能和需求响应能力的作用进行电力电量再平衡,由此确定园区年度外调电和区内自产电的比例,进一步建立包含低碳效应和电力系统规模变化在内的量化指标评价体系,对电力电量再平衡带来的变配电容量缩减规模和降碳效用进行评价。以我国南方某工业园区新型电力系统的电力电量再平衡为例对以上方法进行了验证,结果表明:该园区2030年变配电规划容量可缩减10.1%,用电综合碳排放因子由0.60 kg/(kW·h)降至0.54 kg/(kW·h);2060年变配电规划容量可缩减9.57%,电能替代实现减碳5.85万t/a,可为受端新型电力系统的电力电量平衡提供有力的理论支撑。

基于软件定义的新型电力系统分层自治电力平衡模式研究

新型电力系统是一个典型的复杂系统,源荷双侧的强不确定性导致电力电量时空分布极度不平衡,电力电量平衡逻辑发生了根本性变化,电力平衡面临巨大的挑战。为建立源网荷储多元协同互动的新型平衡模式,根据分层可以弱化复杂系统复杂性的理念,提出了基于能量自治单元的分层自治电力平衡模式。能量自治单元具备自调度、自平衡能力,在不同市场模式下具备不同的具体形态,将成为多元海量资源参与电力市场的有效途径。基于软件范型理论,指出能量自治单元应具备多元融合的架构模型、自适应运行机理和持续演化的生命周期,同时介绍了基于软件定义的能量自治单元软硬件解耦构建思路。最后,对能量自治单元构建的关键技术进行了讨论和展望。

面向沙戈荒区域新能源消纳的电力系统日前低碳调度策略

针对在沙漠、戈壁、荒漠区域的新能源机组面临消纳和经济性差等问题,提出一种面向沙戈荒区域新能源消纳的电力系统日前低碳调度策略。考虑系统结构的复杂性,采用模型分层的优化方案。上层模型以需求响应(DR)调用成本最小和优化负荷与风光预测总值协方差最大为目标,旨在优化用电负荷曲线,释放电网新能源消纳潜力;下层模型通过协调风电机组、光伏机组、储能电站、火电机组以及上层模型得到的优化负荷,同时将阶梯型的碳交易成本引入到目标函数中,建立多目标“源网储荷”协同低碳调度模型,旨在提高系统运行的经济性,降低系统的碳排放量,提高新能源的消纳能力。最后基于改进的IEEE 30节点系统进行仿真测试,结果验证了模型的有效性。

“源网荷储”协同助力陕西省新型电力系统建设

“双碳”目标战略背景下,国内电力行业以构建新能源为主体的新型电力系统为目标,积极开展相关研究并探索转型之路。陕西省风光资源丰富的资源禀赋与位于“清洁大送端”的区位优势决定其自身的电力发展路径具有重要的示范意义。以陕西省实际情况为基点,从源网荷储4个环节入手,分析了陕西省电力行业的发展现状与面临的问题,提出了“源网荷储”协同助力新型电力系统建设的思路。电源侧以新能源为主体,传统机组兜底保障为发展目标;电网侧积极向适应高比例新能源并网、多元化负荷接入、多市场主体参与的方向进行转变;负荷侧加强主动响应资源管理,并尝试构建面向新能源消纳的多能互补系统;储能侧尽快建立健全相关机制,充分发挥储能的支撑作用与新能源消纳潜力。最后给出了相应的可推广至其他省市地区的应用建议。

基于电网“Ⅰ区+”的多元协同管控系统研究

结合“双碳”战略目标,分析电力系统“双高”特征问题,对现有调度自动化技术支撑体系整体架构进行梳理与思考。提出基于“Ⅰ区+”建设多元协同管控系统工作思路,通过5G无线通信采集技术拓展调控对象边界,作为Ⅰ区调度自动化系统有线采集的补充,实现分布式电源、地方电厂、电动汽车、智能楼宇等多类型可调节资源的规模化接入、监视与控制。通过开展试点工作,试探多种技术路线,并形成统一推广的研究方案。目前已实现14座10 kV分布式光伏、9座地方电厂、3.6万户低压分布式光伏发电数据可观可测,并实现6座10 kV分布式光伏平滑调节与控制,以及65户低压分布式光伏发电数据可调可控。通过对新型电力系统各类资源的在线感知、智能决策和互动响应,推动现有“源随荷动”向“源网荷储协调互动”调控模式转变,促进新能源消纳,协助电网削峰填谷,提升电网安全高效、清洁低碳经济运行水平。

适用于新型电力系统调度和规划的数学模型框架及碳排放指标分析

目前我国全社会总碳排放量中约35%~40%来自电力系统,因此,构建新能源高渗透率的新型电力系统,降低电力生产中的碳排放,是实现“2030碳达峰、2060碳中和”目标的必然选择。在双碳战略目标下的新型电力系统建设过程中,有两个问题尤为重要:第一,新型电力系统恰当的数学模型框架是什么样的?这是解决新型电力系统规划、运行调度、分析计算等问题的基础;第二,怎样准确评估新型电力系统碳减排潜力和在此基础上怎样准确识别系统中制约碳减排的瓶颈因素?文中从新型电力系统规划及运行调度角度对以上两个问题进行分析。首先,我们从新型电力系统源、网、荷、储4个方面对比总结了现有的各组成要素模型,对应当采用的系统框架提出了建议;接着,在新型电力系统数学模型框架基础上,提出了理想碳排放量、各因素对碳排放的灵敏度指标定义及其应用方法,这些指标将有助于为新型电力系统建设提供参考。

新能源基地柔性直流外送系统无功补偿设备配置方法研究

大规模风光新能源基地通过柔性直流(VSC-HVDC)外送是我国新能源发电上网的重要方式之一。因新能源基地电压支撑能力弱,导致系统稳定性受到严重影响,静止同步补偿器(STATCOM)和调相机配置是提高系统稳定性的有效手段。提出了含STATCOM和调相机的两阶段配置方法:阶段1通过配置STATCOM实现系统侧的电压支撑;阶段2通过配置调相机保证系统的暂态稳定性。基于PSCAD/EMTDC仿真平台搭建了新能源基地VSC-HVDC外送系统仿真模型,通过模型仿真,验证了所提方法的有效性和合理性。

新能源电站并网电能质量分析治理系统研究

待并网且未进行治理的新能源电站并网后会引起电网电压波动、闪变或谐波超标等问题,因此需要对该类新能源电站进行分析,提出治理方案。目前通常采用人工分析手段,分析效率低且容易因人为因素导致提供的治理方案不是最优,因此研究了新能源电站并网电能质量分析治理系统,以实现新能源电站全自动分析。对该系统提供的分析治理方案的人工验证表明,该系统具有有效性,其提供的方案具有合理性。

新能源接入下光伏逆变器快速功率控制方法

由于现有的控制方法跟踪控制过程失败,不同节点控制后的功率超过3600 W,因此研究新能源接入下光伏逆变器快速功率控制方法。通过建立逆变器阵列优化数学模型,添加对应的约束条件。根据逆变器的工作周期,确定开关的占空比,通过划定不同功率等级能获得电路功率的损耗情况。运用改进粒子群算法对逆变器的最大功率点进行跟踪控制,改变光伏阵列的输出电压。通过搜索全局区域调整后可得到最优解。使用修正PI控制器进行模糊实时调节,将电流解耦,将新能源输入的有功功率进行分配输出从而完成对功率的快速控制。实验结果表明,实验组在最大功率点跟踪控制过程中能最终收敛于光伏阵列的全局最大功率点,能准确对结果进行跟踪控制,达到良好的控制效果;经过不同节点控制后的功率始终稳定在3500~3600 W之间,结果符合预期,有效地解决了电压较高的缺陷,实现了光伏逆变器快速功率控制。

面向新型电力系统的电能计量技术

简述了新型电力系统呈现的新特性,分析了电能准确计量面临的突出问题。针对新型电力系统中对电能计量的新需求,提出了电能计量技术的创新发展方向,给出了一种多源互补场景的电能计量应用架构。