Improve access to the EU market by identifying French consumer preference for fresh fruit from China

Most previous studies have investigated country-of-origin effect for agricultural products from the economically developed country, but few have focused on the impact of country-of-origin on agricultural products from economically developing countries. Using a national online survey in France, we determine French consumers＇ perceptions and preferences for fresh fruit from China. Results of ordered logit models show that fresh fruit from China was perceived as low quality and unsafe. Respondents who care about country-of-origin were less likely to purchase fresh fruit from China, while those who care about brand were more likely to buy Chinese fresh fruit. Risk perception and quality perception both had a significant impact on the purchase of Chinese fresh fruit. Results of latent class models obtained with key consumer demographics show that heterogeneous preferences exist among different consumer groups. The results provide critical information to both China and other economically developing countries in their efforts to improve market penetration in economically developed countries.

The Influence of Perceived Risk on Purchase Intention——A Case study of Taobao Online Shopping of Fresh Fruit

Based on perceived risk,the impacts of different kinds of risks on consumer's purchase intention are tested by using the investigation data of 2016,and perceived risks of consumers from different groups have different impacts on purchase intention. Via interviews and online questionnaires,425 copies of effective samples were obtained. The structural equation modeling is used for research. Results display that product risk significantly affects purchase intention,and perceived risk among different groups has significant difference. According to research conclusion,the authors think that consumer should actively collect all kinds of information and take effective risk avoidance measures; Taobao platform should continuously perfect purchase rule,punish the behavior of leaking buyers' information,and continuously update Alipay software to prevent hacker intrusion; business should guarantee product quality,open information and make scientific marketing strategy.

Analysis of Total Antimony in Fresh Fruit and Pollution Evaluation in Hunan Province

[ Objective] The content of total antimony （Sb） in fresh fruit was investigated and its pollution was evaluated, to provide the basic data for diet exposure evaluation. [ Method] The content of total Sb in 194 samples was detected by hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry （HG-AFS）, and the Sb pollution in several fruits was evaluated by the method of single factor pollution index. [ Result ] The mean of total Sb was 0. 005 6 mg/kg, and the median was 0.003 8 mg/kg. The minimum value was not detected while the maximum value was O. 21 mg/kg, and the confidence interval was ND-O. 019 mg/kg （PS-P95）. The medi- ans of total Sb content in different fruits successively were dragon fruit （0.011 0 mg/kg） 〉 kiwi fruit （0.008 0 mg/kg） 〉 peach （0.006 0 mg/kg）. According to the method of single factor pollution index, the index from all samples was less than 0.2, suggesting that the samples involved were under the normal background value. [ Conclusion ] The Sb was detected in all samples but under the background value, and it was concluded that there was no Sb pollution in fresh fruit in Hunan Province.

Analysis of Volatile Components in Fresh Fruit of Morinda citrifolia L.from Different Origins Based on HS-SPME-GC/MS

[Objectives]This study was conducted to clarify the differences of volatile components in fresh fruit of Morinda citrifolia L.from different origins.[Methods]The method of HS-SPME-GC/MS detection was used to determine the volatile chemical components in fresh fruit of M.citrifolia.[Results]52,52 and 45 volatile components were identified from the fresh fruit of M.citrifolia from Xisha,Wanning and Haikou,respectively.Among them,the number and content of the identified esters were relatively high,mainly methyl caprylate,ethyl caprylate,4-pentenyl caproate,3-methylbuten-2-enyl caprylate,methyl caproate,and ethyl caproate.There were also fatty acids,alcohols,phenols,ketones,aldehydes and other substances.There were 33 common ingredients in the fruit from the three origins,mainly including caprylic acid,caproic acid,capric acid,methyl caprylate,ethyl caprylate,4-pentenyl caproate,3-methylbutene-2-enyl caprylate,methyl caproate,ethyl caproate,methyl caprate and hexyl caproate.[Conclusions]The types and contents of volatile components in fresh fruit of M.citrifolia from different origins were significantly different.

Development of Autonomous Travelling Device for Oil Palm FFB （Fresh Fruit Bunches） Harvester

Robot technology is a very promising technology for agricultural sector, but the existing industrial robot could not deliver the above-mentioned criteria. Industrial robot mainly uses high voltage electrical power, which is not available at field and outdoor operation. The only available and reliable power is a hydraulic from the tractor. The harvester robot consumes the hydraulic power from the tractor and at the same time the tractor can be used as a traveling device for the robot. This paper describes the study on the development of autonomous tractor for the oil palm harvester. The development took considerations on the design of the electro-hydraulic system and the control software for the robot structure to be flexible enough to operate in plantation environment.

Phytochemical Composition and Antioxidant Capacity of Psidium guajava Fresh Fruits and Flour

Psidium guajava fruits are consumed fresh or processed (beverages, syrup, ice cream, jams and jellies). Guayaba is a fruit highly perishable and susceptible to damage during the postharvest. One strategy to overcome this problem is its processing by using techniques that preserve its organoleptic, nutritive and functional properties and allow getting food with added value. The purpose of this study was to obtain flour from fresh fruits cultivated in Argentina Northwestern by lyophilization and to determine the antioxidant activity and the main phytochemicals present in fresh fruits and flour. Nutritional composition (sugar, protein and fat) and the bioactive phytochemicals (total phenolic compounds, flavonoid phenolic, condensed and hydrolizable tannin, ascorbic acid, pigments such as anthocyanin and carotenoids) as well as fiber content, were evaluated. The flour preserved flavor, aroma and color of pulp from fresh fruits. The flour contained around 30% of sugar, 20% of total protein, 0.5% of fat and high level of crude fiber. Carotenoids and ascorbic acid were the dominant phytochemicals in flour as well as in fresh fruits. The guayaba flour showed antioxidant activity with SC50 values similar to fresh fruits. The flour showed nutraceutical characteristics that are demanded by functional food and could be used as a dietary supplement.

Analysis of Consumers' Willingness to Pay for Traceable Fresh Fruits in Shanghai City and Countermeasures

By the survey of consumers' behaviour of purchasing fresh fruits, this paper researches the group characteristics of people who consume traceable fresh fruits, and analyses the main factors influencing consumers' willingness to purchase. Based on this, corresponding proposals are put forward as follows: first, the government should not only focus on supervision and regulation over food security, but also strengthen the education of food security knowledge, publicity and promotion of traceable system; second, the government and related enterprise should particularly pay attention to the impact of consumers' individual characteristics on willingness to purchase and purchase behaviours, and work out feasible strategy of traceable food marketing, according to consumers' preferences, consumers' attention to health, consumers' attention to the healthy growth of children and other factors; finally, when implementing the system, the state and the government should take into full account the average income level of consumers, give full play to the effect of scale merit, and work out the reasonable price that can be accepted by most of consumers.

Comparison of Sugar Content in Bottled 100% Fruit Juice versus Extracted Juice of Fresh Fruit

This paper presents findings of an experiment for the comparison of sugar concentration in extracted juice of fresh fruit to that of commercially-bottled 100% fruit juice with a “no sugar added” attribute. The goal of the study was to determine if the sugar content of bottled 100% fruit juice with a “no sugar added” label is equivalent to that of extracted juices of fresh fruits. The reported study was performed to address the potential concern that commercially-bottled 100% fruit juices with “no sugar added” may contain higher sugar content than extracted juice of fresh fruit. The fruit juices that were tested included apple, grapefruit, orange, pineapple, pomegranate, red grape and white grape. All bottled juices and fresh fruits were purchased in Toledo, Ohio, USA during the winter of 2012. The fresh fruits were juiced and three samples were tested for sugar concentration using a Brix refractometer. The same testing protocol was also applied to the bottled 100% fruit juice. Application of the Mann-Whitney test on the experimental data demonstrated no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05). The results suggested that the sugar content in the commercially bottled 100% fruit juice with the “no sugar added” label is an accurate representation of sugar content in the freshly-extracted juice of the corresponding fruit.

Association between fresh fruit consumption and the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-related hospitalization and death in Chinese adults:A prospective cohort study

Background:Existing evidence suggests that fruit consumption is a significant influencing factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),but this is unclear in the Chinese population.We examined the association of fresh fruit consumption with the risk of COPD-related hospitalization and death in a nationwide,population-based prospective cohort from China.Methods:Between 2004 and 2008,the China Kadoorie Biobank recruited>0.5 million adults aged 30 to 79 years from ten diverse regions across China.After excluding individuals diagnosed with major chronic diseases and prevalent COPD,the prospective analysis included 421,428 participants.Cox regression was used to calculate the hazard ratios(HRs)for the association between fresh fruit consumption and risk of COPD-related hospitalization and death,with adjustment for established and potential confounders.Results:During a mean follow-up of 10.9 years,11,292 COPD hospitalization events and deaths were documented,with an overall incidence rate of 2.47/1000 person-years.Participants who consumed fresh fruit daily had a 22%lower risk of COPD-related hospitalization and death compared with non-consumers(HR=0.78,95%confidence interval[CI]:0.71-0.87).The inverse association between fresh fruit consumption and COPD-related hospitalization and death was stronger among non-current smokers and participants with normal body mass index(BMI)(18.5 kg/m^(2)≤BMI<24.0 kg/m^(2));the corresponding HRs for daily fresh fruit consumption were 0.78(95%CI:0.68-0.89)and 0.69(95%CI:0.59-0.79)compared with their counterparts,respectively.Conclusions:High-frequency fruit consumption was associated with a lower risk of COPD in Chinese adults.Increasing fruit consumption,together with cigarette cessation and weight control,should be considered in the prevention and management of COPD.

Kinematics analysis for five DOF Fresh Fruit Bunch harvester

The existing mechanized oil palm harvester is claimed to be unsuccessful due to its inefficiency to harvest Fresh Fruit Bunch(FFB).It takes a lot of time compared to the conventional harvesting method,using human power.Therefore a study was carried out using Denavit and Hartenberg(D-H)approach to automate the five Degrees of Freedom(DOF)harvester manipulator.The general objective was to reduce the number of workers required for harvesting as well as to provide comfortable ergonomic for the operator of oil palm harvester.The D-H’s convention was used for selecting frames of reference in robotics application which has become the standard way of representing robots and modeling their motions.In this study,the forward kinematics and inverse kinematics were used to deduce joint angles variables while the conventional Jacobian was used for motion velocity computation.The formulated inverse equations were tested manually on the harvester with given locations to obtain deduced joint angles.The results were θ_(1)=129.64°,θ_(3)=180°,θ_(4)=90°,which were quite accurate.Thus,the kinematics analysis of harvester arm automation was done successfully.

30个鲜食枣种质果实品质综合评价

为筛选果实综合性状良好的鲜食枣品种,以30个不同鲜食枣种质为研究对象,选取8个外观品质指标和6个内在品质指标,采用相关性分析、主成分分析、聚类分析方法综合评价鲜食枣果实品质。结果表明,不同枣种质的果实品质性状差异明显,变异系数为9.10%~29.95%,b^(*)值的变异系数最大,L^(*)值的变异系数最小。主成分分析得到特征值大于1的4个主成分,累计方差贡献率为81.08%,根据主成分分析结果进行计算并排序,综合评价前5位为Z2-5、N-2、Z-6、灵武长枣4号、N-3,果实品质较好。结合相关性和聚类分析,将鲜食枣果实品质指标简化为6个,为b^(*)值、可滴定酸含量、单果重、果形指数、维生素C含量、可溶性固形物含量。研究结果为鲜食枣种质资源的评价和品种选育提供了参考。

贮藏温度对火棘鲜果采后生理及功效活性成分的影响

以重庆彭水野生火棘鲜果为试材,研究贮藏温度对火棘功效活性成分原花青素、黄酮、总酚和VC含量的影响,分析相关抗性酶超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(shenylalanine ammonia lyase,PAL)活性和次生代谢产物丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量及腐损率变化趋势。结果表明:-5、-3、-1、1、3、5℃贮藏60 d原花青素保持率分别是初始含量的72.97%、65.43%、48.12%、29.76%、21.33%和19.22%;黄酮保持率分别为77.25%、76.27%、72.01%、60.39%、56.96%和35.19%;总酚保持率分别为83.66%、82.61%、62.80%、55.69%、48.51%和43.11%;VC保持率分别为87.17%、86.43%、75.46%、54.83%、36.06%和24.35%;SOD活性保持率分别为81.56%、79.78%、66.32%、27.86%、15.83%和11.25%;PAL活性保持率分别为57.43%、50.05%、42.00%、19.69%、15.62%和14.12%;MDA累积程度与初始含量相比,分别为2.19、2.59、4.51、6.52、7.52倍和8.54倍;腐损率与5℃贮藏60 d相比,分别低88.10%、87.94%、81.09%、54.25%和12.53%。-5、-3℃贮藏与5、3、1、-1℃贮藏相比均可有效保持原有功效成分、降低腐损率、减少MDA累积程度、保持较高SOD和PAL活性,但-5℃和-3℃贮藏差异不显著,-3℃可作为优选贮藏温度。

基于BA-SVR混合模型的果蔬生鲜物流需求预测模型研究

本文通过构建BA-SVR混合模型对果蔬生鲜物流需求进行预测研究。首先通过互联网大数据搜索技术构建果蔬生鲜需求指数相关网络关键词词库,进而采用皮尔森(Pearson)相关分析和逐步回归选择预测因子。其次,结合果蔬自身特点以及物流市场变动因素,提出了果蔬生鲜物流指数(Fruit&Vegetable Logistic Index, FVLI)概念,分析了FVLI变动的影响变量,使其成为反映物流市场信息变动的重要指标。再次,利用蝙蝠算法(Bat Algorithm, BA)自动更新迭代参数的优势,将其引入到支持向量回归(Support Vector Regression, SVR)模型中,用于优化SVR模型中自由参数值,进而构建BA-SVR混合模型对北京市果蔬生鲜需求变化趋势进行模拟仿真及实证预测。最后根据构建的性能预测指标,通过确立的基准模型与其进行对比,评估BA-SVR混合模型性能的优劣,从而提出一种可以用于果蔬生鲜物流信息短期预测的改进方法。

基于适度包装理念的生鲜果蔬包装设计策略分析

由于包装不当造成的商品损失和由于过度包装对生态环境产生的负面影响,是当前生鲜果蔬包装设计面临的主要问题。本文解析了适度包装的内涵,总结了果蔬特性和包装需求,并通过对“世界之星”包装设计奖中生鲜果蔬类设计案例的详细分析,探讨适度包装设计应采用的策略和方法。

基于标准汤剂的鲜龙葵果配方颗粒质量标准研究

目的基于标准汤剂的质量评价方法,建立鲜龙葵果配方颗粒的质量标准。方法制备并计算10批鲜龙葵果标准汤剂及3批配方颗粒的出膏率;以鲜龙葵果药材为对照,采用薄层色谱法(TLC)鉴别鲜龙葵果配方颗粒的专属性;采用超高效液相色谱法(UPLC)测定鲜龙葵果配方颗粒中澳洲茄碱、澳洲茄边碱的含量,并建立鲜龙葵果配方颗粒的特征图谱,确定4个特征峰及其相对保留时间的规定范围。结果标准汤剂出膏率为(18.21±1.87)%,确定的配方颗粒的出膏率范围为12.75%~23.67%,3批配方颗粒的出膏率分别为15.90%、21.26%、18.01%。标准汤剂中澳洲茄碱含量为(24.54±1.24)mg·g^(-1),澳洲茄边碱的含量为(31.34±1.65)mg·g^(-1);3批配方颗粒中澳洲茄碱含量分别为19.3 mg·g^(-1)、18.5 mg·g^(-1)、20.4 mg·g^(-1);澳洲茄边碱含量分别为23.9 mg·g^(-1)、22.9 mg·g^(-1)、25.8 mg·g^(-1)。识别出4个共有特征峰,以澳洲茄碱为参照物峰,其余3个峰的相对保留时间规定值分别为1.13、1.70、1.85。结论本研究证明鲜龙葵果配方颗粒与标准汤剂具有质量一致性,为制定配方颗粒的质量标准提供了数据支持。

基于BPNN-PID控制策略的果蔬保鲜环境参数调控优化

【目的】开发新的控制策略,用于解决传统控制方法果蔬保鲜环境参数因时变性、非线性、滞后性强和惯性大等特点导致的控制精度低、鲁棒性弱等问题。【方法】将传统比例−积分−微分(Proportional-integral-derivative,PID)和BP神经网络(Back-propagation neural network,BPNN)算法相结合,开发一种基于BPNN-PID的控制策略,通过自主搭建的果蔬保鲜环境调控试验平台和自主设计的控制系统,研究不同控制策略对保鲜环境参数调控效果的影响。【结果】基于BPNN-PID控制策略的果蔬保鲜环境控制系统,环境温度超调量为1.7℃、稳定时间为80 min、稳态误差为±0.2℃,环境相对湿度超调量为2.8%、稳定时间为55 min,相对湿度稳定维持在80%~90%范围内。与传统PID控制策略相比,BPNN-PID控制策略环境温度超调量减小了2.1℃、稳态误差减小了0.3℃、稳定时间缩短了25 min,环境相对湿度超调量减小了2.2%、稳定时间缩短了25 min,环境参数波动幅度均有所降低。【结论】本文开发的果蔬保鲜环境控制系统呈现出良好的动态调整能力,具有较强的鲁棒性,控制性能明显提升,实现了保鲜环境参数的精准控制,满足果蔬保鲜贮藏要求。研究结果为果蔬保鲜环境参数调控提供了参考。

不同温度对鲜切百合鳞茎片紫红色变化的影响

在百合鳞茎的贮藏和加工过程中,鳞茎片经常发生紫红色变化的现象。为研究温度对鲜切百合鳞茎片紫红色变化的影响,采用不同温度(4、20、35℃)贮藏兰州百合鳞茎片,测定了百合鳞茎片表面色泽、总酚含量、总花青素含量、花青素合成相关酶及多酚氧化酶(polyphenol oxidase,PPO)和过氧化物酶(peroxidase,POD)活力变化。结果表明,较高的温度提高了百合鳞茎片总酚含量。在贮藏中期,温度通过促进PPO和POD的活力,增加了百合鳞茎片的褐变度,导致其表面品质下降。同时,较高的温度促进了苯丙氨酸解氨酶(phenylalanine ammonia lyase,PAL)、查尔酮合成酶(chalcone synthase,CHS)、二氢黄酮醇还原酶(dihydroflavonol reductase,DFR)和花青素合成酶(anthocyanin synthase,ANS)等花青素合成相关酶的活力,且20℃的贮藏温度可以显著增加百合鳞茎片中花青素的积累,但都不足以使百合鳞茎片表面呈现紫红色。因此,温度不是影响鲜切百合鳞茎片紫红色变化的主要因素。

气调包装对采后‘金艳’猕猴桃货架期及内在品质的影响

以1℃冷库贮藏后硬度为3.0 kg·cm^(-2)的‘金艳’猕猴桃果实为试材,采用微孔保鲜袋、不同厚度PE保鲜袋、气调保鲜袋及气体湿度调节包装袋6种不同处理对出库后的‘金艳’猕猴桃进行自发气调处理,以市售保鲜袋为对照,分析其对果实货架期及其内在品质的影响,以期筛选出适合猕猴桃货架期保鲜的气调包装。结果表明:气调包装处理可有效延长猕猴桃果实货架期,随处理时间延长,果实硬度、可滴定酸含量逐渐降低,失重率、腐烂率、可溶性固形物含量、固酸比逐渐升高,果实不断后熟软化,风味品质得以提升,但不同处理保鲜效果存在差异。果实品质各项评估指标综合评价与感官评价分析,果实货架期延长、果实品质提升效果依次为气体湿度调节包装袋>气调保鲜袋>0.04 mm PE保鲜袋>0.02 mm PE保鲜袋=0.03 mm PE保鲜袋=微孔保鲜袋>CK,气体湿度调节包装袋货架期整体表现更为优异,有效延长了果实货架期,维持了较好的果实品质。因此,兼具气体、湿度调节的包装袋在猕猴桃货架期保鲜中具有更广阔的应用前景。

供应链中生鲜果蔬品质劣变机制、共性管控及智能检测技术研究进展

供应链中生鲜果蔬由于呼吸作用、蒸腾作用和乙烯释放等因素,持续消耗有机物质(如糖和淀粉),导致生鲜果蔬品质降低。在整个供应链中,生鲜果蔬的生理、生化变化受内在因素(种类与品种、产地与采收期、成熟度或生长期)和环境因素(如温度、湿度、O_(2)和CO_(2)体积分数、乙烯体积分数、挤压、撞击、振动等)的影响。目前,供应链中应用了许多采后技术来提高品质和保留率,以减少生鲜果蔬的品质劣变,提高其市场竞争力。作者简要介绍了供应链中生鲜果蔬品质劣变(如霉变、萎蔫、褐变、软化、黄化等)机制、生鲜果蔬品质劣变影响因素,以及通过采用共性管控技术减缓生鲜果蔬的品质劣变,并综述了智能标签在生鲜果蔬新鲜度检测中的研究进展。

切前处理技术预防鲜切果蔬褐变的研究进展

鲜切果蔬切割之后容易发生表面褐变等问题,严重影响果蔬商品价值和消费者的购买欲,成为制约鲜切果蔬发展的重要瓶颈。该文重点针对冷激处理、热处理、高氧处理、化学处理等切前处理技术在鲜切果蔬上的应用进行阐述,并对切前处理调控果蔬褐变的机制进行探讨,分析目前存在的关键问题及未来的发展方向,以期为开发更安全高效的褐变控制技术提供理论参考。