APPROXIMATE ANALYTICAL SOLUTION OF THE SELF-EXCITED VIBRATION OF PIECEWISE-SMOOTH SYSTEMS INDUCED BY DRY FRICTION——The Vibration Mechanism of the Chinese Cultural Relic Dragon Washbasin

Based on our previous work, a mathematical model of piecewise-smooth systems is established by means of phase-plane orbit analysis, and it is then used to study the intersting phenomena of Chinese cultural relic Dragon Washbasin. The mechanism of nonlinear damping is analyzed; the approximate analytical solution of self-excited vibration of piecewise-smooth nonlinear systems induced by dry friction is derived by means of KB Method, the results of which agree well with that of the numerical solution. Therefore, the method presented in this paper is proved to be very efficient in analyzing the self-excited vibration of piecewise-smooth systems induced by dry friction.

SELF-EXCITED VIBRATION CAUSED BY DRY FRICTION BETWEEN TWO ELASTIC STRUCTURES——Vibration Mechanism of the Chinese Cultural Relic Dragon Washbasin

Based on our previous work([1]), self-excited vibration of a multi-degree-of-freedom system caused by dry friction between two elastic structures is investigated using the Chinese cultural relic dragon washbasin as an example. Some new characteristics of the self-excited vibration in this kind of system are found. The conditions under which self-excited vibration occurs at low-order or high-order modes are discussed. Effects of changes in parameters of the system on the self-excited vibration are analyzed. The vibration mechanism of the water droplets spurting phenomenon of the Chinese cultural relic dragon washbasin is further explained. This investigation presents a new idea for modeling the self-excited vibration caused by dry friction interaction between two elastic structures.

Self-excited vibration of driveline for vehicle launch

The launch shudder phenomenon induced by self-excited vibration of driveline was stud- ied with a compact car equipped with AMT as research object. The research showed that self-excited vibration was closely related with damping of driveline, the variation of friction coefficient, equiva- lent radius of friction plate and applied force of pressure plate. Six DOFs torsional vibration model of vehicle driveline was established according to the parameters of the certain compact car. The simula- tion was carried out and the result was compared with test data. It was found that the negative slope of friction coefficient with relative slip speed does not necessarily lead to self-excited vibration and the frequency of self-excited vibration on 1st gear is near to the 1st order of torsional natural frequen- cy. The influence of each viscous damping in driveline on self-excited vibration was analyzed by sim- ulation and the results showed that increasing the torsional dampings of half-axles and tires properly was effective to improve launch shudder phenomenon.

Theoretical and experimental study on the self-excited vibration of a flexible rotor system with floating spline

The internal friction of floating spline can cause self-excited vibration of a supercritical flexible rotor system.To address this issue,a high-efficiency dynamic modeling method is proposed to investigate the self-excited vibration behavior and instability evolution of the rotor.Experiments are conducted to validate the theoretical results.The coupled dynamic equations for the rotor system connected with the floating spline are derived through the combination of finite element method and lumped parameter model.A hybrid numerical approach of precise integration and Runge-Kutta method is adopted to examine the effects of the friction coefficient of spline’s tooth surface,torque,and eccentricity on the self-excited vibration of the rotor system.The results show that the spline friction leads to negative damping and inputs energy into the rotor system under supercritical conditions,triggering self-excited vibration when the input energy exceeds a specific level.With the same parameters,the experimentally obtained axial trajectory and primary frequency components are consistent with the theoretical results,verifying the accuracy of the proposed theoretical model.This study can serve as a useful theoretical guide for the dynamic stability design of flexible rotor systems with the floating spline.

结合面形貌特性对模态耦合不稳定系统的影响

针对目前结合面微观形貌特性对由摩擦和系统结构双重引起的模态耦合系统的稳定性影响的理论研究缺少,尝试从微观角度解释结合面形貌对宏观系统的动态特性影响。基于分形理论建立结合面形貌较为准确的法向、切向接触刚度模型;以车辆制动盘为对象,将所建立的分形接触刚度模型引入其中,建立一个两自由度的典型模态耦合模型;研究了结合面切向与法向的刚度比、摩擦因数和固有频率比对系统稳定和不稳定区的影响,以及系统出现不同频率噪声的条件。研究可知,形貌参数是结合面产生振动噪声的主要影响因素;结合面形貌特性不同,系统产生振动噪声的频率和条件也不同。这些结论有助于更深入地研究结合面形貌特性对宏观系统的影响;同时可为工程设计制造合适结合面形貌提供参考,具有一定的工程意义。

一类含间隙系统的分岔与混沌的形成过程

用变步长四阶Runge-Kutta法,通过对一类单自由度含间隙系统一组系统参数的仿真,首次证明了单自由度含间隙系统中不仅存在叉式分岔、倍周期分岔,而且还存在Hopf分岔,并且给出了发生Hopf分岔的具体系统参数以及Hopf分岔与混沌的形成过程。对其分岔与混沌行为的研究为工业实际中含间隙机械系统和冲击振动系统的优化设计提供了理论依据。

水力振荡器振动特性对减阻规律的影响研究

为了掌握水力振荡器振动特性对减阻规律的影响,基于Lu Gre摩擦理论,建立了钻柱与井壁岩石间摩擦力的计算模型,得到了水力振荡器的单因素振动特性对钻柱与井壁间摩擦力的影响规律;利用正交试验,分析水力振荡器振动强度、振幅、振动频率综合作用下对钻柱与井壁岩石间摩擦力的影响。研究结果表明:提高水力振荡器振动强度、振幅、振动频率均能降低钻柱与井壁岩石间摩擦力,其中摩擦力随振动频率的增大呈现先增强后减弱趋势,在振动频率大于20Hz时,各振动强度对应的减阻效率有下降趋势,最佳振荡频率为22Hz;水力振荡器各振动特性对钻柱与井壁岩石间摩擦力影响显著性由大到小,依次为振动强度、振幅、振动频率。

饱和黏弹性半空间中摩擦桩的竖向振动

为深入了解饱和黏弹性半空间地基中摩擦桩的竖向振动特性,基于Boer多孔介质理论,考虑激振频率对摩擦桩桩底土体动刚度的影响,采用平面应变模型并结合桩土接触面的混合边值条件,推导求解得出了饱和黏弹性半空间地基中摩擦桩的竖向动力阻抗模型公式和桩顶速度时域响应解并验证了其合理性。进一步通过参数化对比分析探讨了桩基埋深比和土体渗透系数对所得竖向动力阻抗和桩顶速度时域响应的影响规律。解析推导得出的对应竖向动力阻抗模型公式和桩顶速度时域响应解,丰富了桩基动力学的理论,可为相关工程实践提供参考和理论支持。

摩擦驱动型压电叠堆直线电机的工作机理

以一种典型的摩擦驱动型压电叠堆直线电机结构为例,对摩擦驱动型压电叠堆直线电机的振动摩擦驱动机理进行研究。结合电机系统的振动脱离模型,分析了电机定子与动子脱离的力学条件,进而分析电机结构参数和工作参数对椭圆运动和振动脱离性能的影响。对原理样机进行了试验研究,结果表明,压电叠堆的激励电压、激励频率和电机的预压力对电机的振动脱离性能有显著影响。

干气密封滑动密封端面高频微幅摩擦振动研究

为揭示干气密封端面间摩擦振动规律,通过对密封端面在干摩擦状态下的微观形貌与受力进行分析,基于分形理论构建包含分形参数的密封端面法向位移激励,以及干气密封在干摩擦状态下的两自由度摩擦振动系统模型,并对摩擦振动系统模型的影响因素进行数值分析。研究结果表明:法向振动位移和速度随着分形维数与转速的增大先增大后减小;密封环面分形维数在1.3左右,以及密封环面平均滑动速度为67.86 m/s时会导致密封端面在法向出现共振现象;法向振动位移和速度随着特征尺度与摩擦因数的增大而增大;法向振动以准周期的高频微幅振动规律变化,相比于特征尺度,分形维数对法向振动的影响更加显著,而摩擦因数对法向振动来说不是一个敏感因素;切向振动位移和速度随着摩擦因数的增大而增大,而且以周期性的高频微幅振动规律变化;摩擦因数对系统切向振动的影响比对法向振动的影响更加明显。

基于分形理论的滑动轴承故障诊断研究

针对滑动轴承异常振动时振动信号的无规则特性和分形维数对时域振动信号的敏感性,将分形理论应用于风机滑动轴承故障诊断,分析了不同程度的接触摩擦状态与分形维数关系,揭示了接触摩擦越严重分形维数越大的规律,将其应用于故障诊断,取得了良好的效果,为滑动轴承故障诊断提出了一种新方法。研究表明:将该方法应用于矿山机械故障诊断领域具有重要的现实意义。

盘式制动系统参数对制动颤振的影响分析

为了研究盘式制动系统参数对制动颤振的影响,建立了二自由度的动力学模型,利用Matlab进行数值仿真,分别研究了制动初速度、制动压力、阻尼和刚度等因素对制动系统动力学特性的影响。根据得到的位移曲线和相图可以看出:随着制动初速度的增大,系统黏滞阶段持续时间减少,并逐渐进入稳定运动状态;制动压力相对较小时,制动系统处于稳定状态,随着制动压力的增大,摩擦片和制动盘的振动幅值也随之增大,振动强度变大;在阻尼增大的过程中,摩擦片和制动盘均由起初的纯滑动运动状态进入稳定运动状态,且达到稳定运动状态的时间也逐渐缩短;摩擦片在相对较小的制动刚度下即可达到稳定状态,而制动盘则需要有较大的刚度才能达到稳定状态。

失谐叶盘结构减振问题研究综述

叶盘结构是航空发动机、燃气轮机的重要零部件,在工程实际中应用广泛。失谐普遍存在于叶盘结构中,并且会破坏叶盘系统原有的振动特性,是导致叶盘高周疲劳失效的原因之一,因此研究如何降低叶盘结构振动是非常有必要的。在梳理国内外相关研究的基础上,介绍了叶盘结构失谐振动的机理,归纳了失谐叶盘系统减振的主要技术方法,如人为主动失谐、碰撞阻尼、摩擦阻尼、优化叶片安装排序减振等,提出了今后的一些研究方向。

振动时效对焊件疲劳寿命的影响及机理分析

通过对振动时效前后焊接钢板的疲劳实验、透射电镜观察实验，研究了振动时效对焊件疲劳寿命的影响．结果表明，振动时效可提高焊件疲劳寿命．并用位错-内耗理论分析了振动时效提高焊件疲劳寿命的内在本质．

轴向基础振动对缠绕式液压胶管沿程压力衰减特性影响

液压胶管在硬岩掘进机(TBM)液压系统中大量使用,管内流体动力学行为影响系统的安全可靠性。为了得到振动环境下管内流体压力沿管长方向的衰减特性,基于复合材料经典层合板理论和流固耦合理论,建立缠绕式胶管轴向振动的流固耦合模型,得到沿胶管管长方向压力损失的数值计算公式,通过仿真与实验研究振动参数、结构参数和流体参数对压力衰减特性的影响,研究结果表明:沿程压力损失的幅值随着基础振动振幅的增加呈线性增长,随振动频率的增加而增加;随胶管管长和管径的增加,沿程损失波动的程度减弱;随流速的增加,沿程压力损失的波动比减小,流体黏度对沿程压力损失波动的影响较小。研究结果可为TBM管系设计和抗振设计提供理论依据。

高坝泄流诱发事故闸门的爬行振动研究

事故闸门承担着上/下游发生事故时在动水中紧急落门,以封堵水流、防止事故扩大的重要任务,然而闸门无法完全落门并伴随爬行振动的工程问题屡屡发生,不仅导致无法封堵水流,在紧急情况下可能造成严重损失,而且使相关结构受到强烈的冲击荷载,对启闭设备及闸门的长期安全运行极为不利。从系统控制理论的基本观点出发,将由动/静摩擦力转换导致的非线性摩擦特性从闸门动水落门过程中剥离出来作为一个单独的环节,并合理选取被控量与参据量,构建了负反馈控制系统模型以描述上述工程问题。通过理论模型与工程问题互相印证、闸门爬振位移时程模拟和闭门持住力反演,表明理论模型是合理有效的。基于所提出的理论模型,阐明了闸门无法完全落门并伴随爬行振动工程问题的发生机制,为旨在避免上述工程问题的闸门改造方案提供了理论指导。

Analytic Solution to Nonlinear Dynamical System of Dragon Washbasin

Based on phase-plane orbit analysis, the mathematical model of piecewise-smooth systems of multi-degree-of-freedom under the mode coordinate is established. Approximate analytical solution under the physical coordinate of multi-degree-of-freedom self-excited vibration induced by dry friction of piecewise-smooth nonlinear systems is derived by means of average method, the results of which agree with those of the numerical solution. An effective and reliable analytical method investigating piecewise-smooth nonlinear systems of multi-degree-of-freedom has been given. Furthermore, this paper qualitatively analyses the curves about stationary amplitude versus rubbing velocity of hands and versus natural frequency of hands, and about angular frequency versus rubbing velocity of hands. The results provide a theoretical basis for identifying parameters of the system and the analysis of steady region.

基于摩擦自激振动理论的地铁线路梯形轨枕支承小半径曲线轮轨系统钢轨波磨研究

基于摩擦自激振动理论,研究了地铁线路梯形轨枕支承小半径曲线轨道上出现的钢轨波磨病害的成因及影响因素。建立了梯形轨枕支承小半径曲线轮轨系统的有限元模型,利用复特征值法研究了轮轨系统的摩擦自激振动特性,并分别讨论了轨道减振结构中侧向缓冲垫参数、底部橡胶垫板参数和扣件参数对轮轨系统发生摩擦自激振动的影响。结果表明,在梯形轨道支承小半径曲线轨道上,诱导该区间钢轨波磨的主要成因可能是轮轨间蠕滑力饱和导致的摩擦自激振动;总的扣件刚度和底部橡胶垫板的垂向阻尼对轮轨系统自激振动的影响较为明显,轮轨系统的不稳定振动趋势随扣件刚度和底部橡胶垫板的垂向阻尼的增加而降低。因此,在一定范围内通过增大扣件刚度和底部橡胶垫板垂向阻尼,有助于缓解梯形轨枕支承小半径曲线轨道上钢轨波磨的发生趋势。

干气密封滑动摩擦界面摩擦振动理论分析及实验测试

为揭示干气密封端面间摩擦振动规律,通过对密封端面在干摩擦状态下的微观形貌与受力进行分析,基于分形理论构建了包含分形参数的密封端面法向位移激励以及干气密封在干摩擦状态下的两自由度摩擦振动系统模型。为验证模型的合理性和正确性,搭建了干气密封摩擦振动实验测试平台。对不同工况下的理论与实验结果进行对比分析,结果表明:当载荷一定时,理论模型计算振幅与实验测试振幅均随着转速的增大而增大;当转速一定时,理论模型计算振幅与实验测试振幅均随着载荷的增大而增大;在相同工况下,理论模型计算振幅与实验测试振幅接近,且理论值普遍大于实验值。