Analyzing land use characteristics of rural settlements on the urban fringe of Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, China

The objective of this paper is to analyze land use characteristics of rural settlements in urban fringe so as to provide references for optimizing the regional distribution of rural settlements, consolidating rural settlements, and coordinating urban-rural integrated development. The methods of spatial statistical analysis, buffer analysis, Ripley's K function, kernel density analysis based on GIS(Geographic Information System) were used to analyze the characteristics of scale, spatial differentiation and spatial patterns of the rural settlements in Liangjiang New Area in Chongqing Municipality of China. The fractal dimension formula was also developed to reflect fractal feature of the rural settlements. The results show that, the scale of rural settlements in Liangjang New Area takes on distinct characteristics of spatial differentiation along with changes in elevation, gradient, location, geohazards distribution, and the like. The fractal characteristic of rural settlements has obvious regional variations subject to the 6 factors of location in the Liangjiang New Area. Overall, the worse the terrain conditions are, the larger the fractal dimension values become. The better the locationconditions, the larger the fractal dimension values are. The spatial pattern in the township scale presents three kinds of distribution as being aggregated, uniform and random. In contract, the spatial pattern in the plaque scale displays a banding distribution from a general view with several aggregation zones centering on each town center. From the results, we can see that the characteristics of rural settlements in urban fringe are more complicated. For such kind of rural settlements in special regions, in the rural land consolidation more attention should be paid to improve the rural living environments and public services, as well as to promote the harmonious relationship between the urban and rural areas.

An investigation of the health value and self-care capabilities of the elderly in urban-rural fringe area nursing homes and the related in？uencing factors

Objective：To investigate the health value and self-care capabilities of the elderly living in urban-rural fringe area nursing homes and the factors that influence these variables.Methods：A cluster sampling method was used to select 280 elderly individuals from seven urban-rural fringe communities in Xianning to complete a survey regarding their health value and self-care capabilities.Results：The total health value and self-care capability scores of the elderly were 7.45 ± 1.45 and100.25±22.56,respectively.Both of these scores significantly differed by age,education level,marital status,and income（P 〈 0.05,P 〈 0.01）.Self-care capability was correlated with health value（r=0.521）.A multivariate linear regression analysis showed that health value,marital status,and age predicted selfcare capability.Conclusions：Elderly people living in the urban-rural fringe area with higher health values also had higher self-care capabilities.The self-care capabilities of the elderly can be enhanced by improving their health value using the ＂knowing-trusting-acting＂ model.

Urban-rural Integration Based on Regional Economic Integration——A Case of Jiuquan-Jiayuguan Areas of Gansu Province

The relationship between urban-rural integration and regional economic integration is summarized in the paper.Based on the fact,it expressed the necessity and realistic meaning of pushing forward the urban-rural integration process synchronously during Jiuquan-Jia yuguan (abbreviate:Jiu-Jia) areas economic integration.The current degree of the urban-rural integration of Jiu-Jia was analyzed by index calculation,and the related conclusions were obtained.Besides,the development concepts and the key works to accelerate the process of Jiu-Jia urban-rural integration were suggested.The results show that the overall level of urban-rural integration in Jiuquan and Jiayuguan is higher than the average level of Gansu Province,but the urban-rural economic development and social development lose the balance and the dual structure is prominent.In the end,three developmental patterns for accelerating the developmental process of urban-rural integration are put forward.Firstly,the government should find the key of the current work and coordinate the construction of infrastructure.Secondly,rural economic industrialization should be promoted.Thirdly,the urbanized social management should be promoted.

Influence of Transportation Accessibility on Urban-rural Income Disparity and Its Spatial Heterogeneity

Transportation accessibility has been treated as an important means of reducing the urban-rural income disparity.However,only a few studies have examined the effects of different types of transportation accessibility on urban-rural income disparity and their spatial heterogeneity.Based on data from 285 prefecture-level(and above)Chinese cities in 2000,2005,2010,2015,and 2020,this study uses spatial econometric models to examine how highway accessibility and railway accessibility influence the urban-rural income disparity and to identify their spatial heterogeneity.The result reveals that highway accessibility and railway accessibility have‘coreperiphery’ring-like circle structures.The urban-rural income disparity exhibits strong spatial clustering effects.Both highway accessibility and railway accessibility are negatively associated with urban-rural income disparity,and the former having a greater effect size.Moreover,there is a substitution effect between highway accessibility and railway accessibility in the whole sample.Furthermore,these associations differ in geographic regions.In the central region,highway accessibility is more important in reducing the urban-rural income disparity,but its effect is weakened with the increase of railway accessibility.In the western region,railway accessibility has a larger effect on narrowing the urban-rural income disparity,and this effect is strengthened by the increase of highway accessibility.We conclude that improving transportation accessibility is conducive to reducing the urban-rural income disparity but its effect is spatial heterogenetic.Highways and railways should be developed in a coordinated manner to promote an integrated transport network system.

The Influence of the Urban-Rural Income Disparity on the Industrial Structure—Taking the Yangtze River Delta Region as an Example

In this paper, the effect of the mediation effect is mainly used to test and analyze the regression model, and most scholars have studied the impact of the modernization of the industrial structure on the income gap. However, this paper is from another perspective, based on the social background of high-quality development, the main study is the impact mechanism of urban and rural income gap on the industrial structure, taking the Yangtze River Delta as the main research object, and specifically selecting 22 central cities in the Yangtze River Delta region, which is also one of the highlights of this study. The regression model is constructed by using the intermediary effect, and the four intermediary variables of fiscal expenditure (M1), fixed asset investment (M2), number of patent applications (M3), and total import and export (M4) are selected, which represent the role of the government, fixed asset investment, scientific and technological level and opening-up level, and study and analyze the inherent influence mechanism between each variable. Before doing specific research, I consulted the papers and literature of many other outstanding scholars, among which Cheng Yuhong and Cheng Chi’s “The Influence Mechanism of industrial structure of urban and rural income gap” [1] has great reference value for this paper. According to the research results, under the background of high-quality development in the Yangtze River Delta region, the expansion of the income gap between urban and rural areas will inhibit the upgrading of the industrial structure, so it is necessary to focus on building a new type of urbanization, accelerating the construction of an urban innovation system, optimizing the rural employment structure to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas, and providing impetus for the continuous upgrading of the industrial structure.

Separating Citizenization and Land Requisition: New Urbanization in Beijing's Rural-Urban Fringe Area

Through rapid urbanization, Beijing is entering into the advanced stage of industrialization and urbanization, while it, like many other cities, is faced with issues of low-quality urbanization and citizenization. Under the infl uences of both urbanization and suburbanization, the sprawling rural-urban fringe area becomes a tough issue to resolve. The reconstruction of 50 key villages in Beijing's rural-urban fringe area that was started in 2010 has initially changed the citizenization-land requisition coupling model through recombining land use right, household registration, and social security to make farmers become new-type citizens with land use right. The practice in Beijing reveals that the fringe issues are caused by the new and old dual structures which are formed as a result of the urban-rural dual land system, and that the path to new urbanization in China is to separate citizenization from land requisition, so as to achieve the transformation towards a proactive urbanization.

我国乡村老龄化现状及其对粮食生产的影响与应对

根据2020年最新人口普查数据,我国乡村老龄化率为17.72%,先于城市步入中度老龄化社会。我国乡村老龄化整体呈现出老年抚养比增速快、低龄老人务农比例高等特征,与国际主要发达国家相比我国乡村老龄人口就业占比相对较高。分区域看,粮食主产区乡村老龄化增幅更多、老年抚养比更重、老龄就业比重更高;全国乡村老年抚养比28.13%,但粮食主产省份达31.28%。通过定性梳理乡村老龄化对农户参与粮食种植及其粮食生产行为效率等的影响,提出积极应对乡村老龄化、保障粮食安全的思路与对策建议。

农业农村数字经济对城乡共同富裕的影响研究——基于电子商务进农村综合示范县准自然实验的证据

以2010—2022年中国2843个县域面板数据作为样本,借助多时点双重差分模型与调节效应模型,实证检验农业农村数字经济对城乡共同富裕的直接效应与作用机制。结果显示,农业农村数字经济对城乡共同富裕产生正向推动作用,该结论经过多种形式稳健性检验与考虑内生性问题后依旧成立。中介效应结果表明,农业农村数字经济可通过提升区域创新能力与促进农村产业融合,间接赋能城乡共同富裕。调节效应结果表明,普惠金融可正向放大农业农村数字经济对城乡共同富裕的推动作用。异质性结果显示,相较于贫困县、粮食主产区,农业农村数字经济对非贫困县地区、非粮食主产区城乡共同富裕的推动作用较强。

旅游发展对城乡收入差距的非线性影响——基于湖南省革命老区的实证检验

基于互联网OTA平台景区销售数据综合测算县域旅游发展水平,采用面板门槛回归模型探究2019—2021年湖南省革命老区县域旅游发展对城乡收入差距的影响及区域异质性。结果表明:旅游发展对城乡收入差距的影响呈现“扩大-缩小-扩大”的“N型”趋势双重门槛效应;在同一发展时期,旅游发展对农村居民的增收效应要略高于城镇居民;县域经济发展水平直接作用于旅游发展对城乡收入差距的影响,经济发达县旅游发展更利于缓解城乡收入差距;县域旅游发展水平差异导致其对城乡收入差距的影响也具有差异性,旅游发达县旅游发展对城乡收入差距的抑制作用更明显。据此,地方政府应因地制宜制定旅游发展规划,积极探索多元化产业振兴机制并培育壮大特色产业,发挥旅游联动效应,促进城乡协调发展。

长江经济带城乡地域功能融合发展的时空格局与响应过程

城乡地域功能融合发展是纾解国土空间冲突的关键路径。该研究运用熵权TOPSIS、核密度估计和融合发展度模型分析长江经济带130个城市的城镇、乡村地域功能水平,以及城乡地域功能融合发展的时空格局,采用双变量空间自相关模型识别其响应过程。结果表明:①长江经济带各市城镇、乡村地域功能呈上升趋势,城镇地域功能形成“点-团-面”的分布格局,区域差异逐渐收窄;乡村地域功能呈“簇团”状分布格局,上中下游的地理梯度分异现象突出。②长江经济带各市城乡地域功能由融合过渡型向融合提升型突变发展,融合发展水平呈现下游>中游>上游的特征,由以中心城市为节点向以核心城市群为组团的分布格局演进,东西部极化加剧、省域内部差异扩大。③长江经济带城镇与乡村地域功能相互促进发展作用显著增强,先后历经需求融合、引导融合和自发融合等阶段,融合发展过程呈现由融合过渡到融合提升再到融合优化的螺旋式上升规律。根据研究结论提出以下建议:①上游地区以政策引导发展为契机,吸引下游地区资金、技术、劳动密集型产业向上游地区转移,集中资源全面推进乡村振兴,促进城镇、乡村地域功能双提升。②中游地区着力推进城乡一体化发展,强化武汉、长沙和南昌等区域性中心城市城镇地域功能的辐射带动效应,拉动乡村地域功能发育。③下游地区需促进城镇的生产、生活活动逐步向乡村转移,促进农村土地流转和农业生产经营规模化,助推城乡地域功能优质融合。

基于城市实体地域的城乡接合部空间界定研究——以广州市为例

当前国内外城乡接合部空间界定研究尚未达成共识,在行政管理实践中也未形成明确的标准,导致了城乡接合部空间治理的现实困境。基于此,文章提出基于城市实体地域的城乡接合部空间界定方法,对广州市进行实证研究。结果表明:1)以自然资源部高精度遥感和土地调查数据准确识别的城市实体地域范围为城乡接合部空间界定测算指标,以明确的行政村、居委会为最小统计单元,可以有效地衔接国土空间规划技术体系;2)采用国内外大多数研究认同的25%~75%理想值与聚类分析法,并以广州市为典型案例进行城乡接合部空间界定阈值的优化与检验,最终确定广州市城乡接合部空间界定合理阈值为10%~75%;3)精准的测算指标、明确的研究单元和可操作性强的界定方法,可以较好地识别出城乡接合部空间,同时也为更深入的空间研究与治理提供支撑。

数字经济推动我国区域协调发展的路径研究

区域协调发展是新发展理念的重要体现、是我国推进“共同富裕”的应有之义、是构建新发展格局的必由之路。近年来,我国数字经济的高速发展为区域协调发展赋予了新的动能。数字经济对区域经济的影响主要包括:促进内需释放,畅通国内经济大循环;促进产业结构升级,优化产业空间布局;赋能城乡共同发展,模糊城乡边界概念,以推进区域协调发展进入新阶段。数字经济推动区域协调发展的实现路径应从以下三点入手:加快西部地区数字经济发展基础建设;加快建立全国范围内的数字生态体系;加快建立数据要素的全国统一大市场,以供参考。

城市绿色空间研究进展与展望

在总结国内外城市绿色空间概念和类型的基础上,从城乡边缘区规划保育、自然区与乡土物种恢复保护、绿色廊道恢复规划、生物多样性保护以及绿色空间结构-功能研究和管理政策等6个方面,对近年来城市绿色空间的研究状况进行了分析,探讨国内外城市绿色空间基础研究与实践的不同之处,并提出未来城市绿色空间研究的主要方向,以期对我国未来城市绿色空间研究与构建有所启示.

城市边缘区城乡统筹的一体化土地整治策略

研究目的:分析城乡统筹的一体化土地整治的标准与功能,提出城市边缘区一体化土地整治的策略。研究方法:理论分析法、资料分析法。研究结果:城市边缘区城乡统筹的一体化土地整治策略有:(1)明确土地整治重点方向,确定城乡统筹目标下的土地利用标准;(2)大力推进城乡一体化基础设施建设;(3)重视土地整治项目区生态景观建设;(4)科学评价农村居民点整治潜力,重构农村居民点空间格局;(5)优化工业用地布局,促进产业结构升级;(6)强调公众参与式方法的应用。研究结论:在城市边缘区应开展一体化的土地整治,作为落实统筹城乡战略、解决土地利用问题的有效工具。

大城市边缘区农村居民点用地空间布局优化研究——对上海南汇地区的考察

大城市边缘区农村居民点用地存在用地粗放、布局散乱、难于规范管理等问题。以大城市边缘区农村居民点用地整理为契机,优化空间布局不仅有利于形成农村经济新增长点,还可促进农村居民点土地集约节约利用。在分析当地农村居民点用地现状及其分布状况的基础上,以典型地区——上海南汇地区为例,对其空间分布的随机性进行了检验,对农村居民点用地按标准偏差分类,并进一步按欧氏空间距离对大于2.25标准偏差的地块进行聚类分析。结果显示:南汇地区农村居民点用地的空间分布并不是随机分布,可分为远离中心类和集聚中心类两种类型。依据结果,提出了"远离中心方案"和"集聚中心方案"两种不同的农村居民点用地整理方案。

土地利用科学中的“城乡交错带”概念辨析

研究目的:辨析现有文献中"城乡交错带"的有关概念,为其在土地利用科学中统一用法提供依据。研究方法:文献资料法。研究结果:(1)国内外文献中相关"城乡交错带"的概念众多;(2)不同概念的内涵各不相同。研究结论:(1)"城乡交错带"的不同提法,需根据研究领域的不同分别进行规范;(2)从概念内涵看,"城乡交错带"适用于土地利用科学研究领域。

城市与区域生态关联研究进展

城市及其周边区域正在面临日益严峻的环境污染、生态恶化、资源短缺等问题。这些问题的出现,与长期以来城市发展过程中忽视城市与区域的生态关联密切相关。研究城市与区域的生态关联,对于解决城市与区域的生态环境问题、指导新型城镇化建设具有重要的理论意义与实践价值。主要从以下3个方面系统总结了城市与区域生态关联的研究进展:(1)城市发展对周边区域的生态环境影响,包括直接的胁迫和间接的影响;(2)区域对城市发展的生态支撑;(3)城市与周边区域社会、经济、生态关联的相互作用机制。指出了当前城市与区域生态关联研究中存在的问题和不足:1)城市对周边区域生态环境直接影响的研究较多,且多侧重城市对周边区域的负面影响,对其间接影响的研究较为缺乏;2)周边区域对城市发展生态支撑作用的研究相对缺乏、认识不够深入;3)对城市与周边区域生态关联作用机制的研究较为缺乏。未来的研究要将城市和区域作为统一整体,进一步完善城市与区域生态关联的理论框架,耦合社会经济的相互作用,定量解析城市与区域的生态关联,为城市与区域的可持续发展提供科学依据。

城乡三元金融结构与民间金融制度研究

城乡边缘区是区域经济学的一个概念,本文试图借助城乡边缘区概念,构造"核心—城乡边缘区—外围"三元区域经济空间结构,并以此打破传统的"城乡二元"空间结构,进而从金融结构尤其是金融组织结构的层面,研究与三元区域空间结构相对应的城乡三元金融结构,探讨在三元结构下缩小城乡金融差异,解决农村金融支持问题的可能途径或方式,并从新的视角审视发展民间金融问题。

广东省佛山市南海城乡结合地区慢性病患病现状及其影响因素研究

目的了解广东省佛山市南海城乡结合地区居民慢性病患病现状,为卫生行政部门制定卫生政策提供科学依据。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法,随机抽取本地8228名18岁以上居民作为调查对象,由经过培训合格的调查员进行入户面对面进行调查。结果实际调查居民8228人,慢性病患者2111人,慢性病患病率为25.66%,其中男性为27.52%、女性为24.03%。位居前4位的疾病依次为高血压（18.80%）、糖尿病（2.59%）、慢性鼻炎（1.73%）和慢性胃肠道疾病（1.19%）。影响慢性病患病的主要因素为年龄（OR=1.892~5.372）、性别（OR=1.524）、婚姻状况（OR=2.203~4.440）、文化程度（OR=0.624~0.544）、职业（OR=0.719~1.408）、吸烟（OR=1.418）、主动获取保健知识（OR=1.385）、超重（OR=2.152）。结论南海城乡结合地区居民慢性病患病率较高,高血压、糖尿病、慢性鼻咽炎、慢性胃肠道疾病是主要慢性病,应大力开展社区健康教育与健康促进,采取综合性干预措施,遏制慢性病流行。

基于DMSP/OLS夜间灯光数据的城乡结合部空间识别研究——以重庆市主城区为例

为解决经济、人口等城乡结合部空间识别指示要素不能反映行政区内部差异的问题,该文提出了一种基于DMSP/OLS夜间灯光数据的城乡结合部空间识别技术方法。首先构建灯光亮度和灯光亮度起伏度特征组合值模型,分析灯光亮度和灯光亮度起伏度组合特征;其次通过断点法分类,对城乡结合部进行空间识别;最后以重庆市主城区为例进行了实证研究。结果显示:1)城市呈现"高灯光亮度、低灯光亮度起伏度"特征组合;城乡结合部呈现"中灯光亮度、高灯光亮度起伏度"特征组合;乡村呈现"低灯光亮度、低灯光亮度起伏度"特征组合。2)城乡结合部面积占重庆市主城区总面积的59.07%,主要分布在以江北区观音桥街道中部为圆心,以17km为内半径和37km为外半径构成的环带内。基于DMSP/OLS夜间灯光数据为城乡结合部空间识别提供了一种简便可行的方法。